6% of a

ll idps in iraq

GovernorATe of oriGin

MosT coMMon shelTer TYpe

Host Families 22%

Rentedhousing 22%

Top prioriTY needs

31,806 IDP FAMILIES

NINEWA gOVERNORATE PROFILEMAY 2015

inTenTions

39% OF ALL IDPS ARE UNDER 14

wAves of displAceMenT

1. Iraq - CCCM Camps status report, April 2015. Camp sites nased on REACH report: IDP and refugee camp locations as of 28 April 20152. All information, unless otherwise specified, in this report is from IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) from 7 May 2015 and from field reports of the Rapid Assessment and Response Teams. For more information on the DTM, visit: http://iomiraq.net/dtm-page3. Figures calculated in IDP families

overview2

190,836 IDP INDIVIDUALS

99%

90%

9%

Accessto work

2

displAceMenT over TiMe3

11,773 IDP families37%

Health

5

Food

3

Shelter

1

IDP camps

total population: 36,543 individuals1

planned: 80,400 individuals

1

1,856 IDP families6%

1 IDP families0%

4

Syrian refugee camps

33 IDP families0%

10,750 IDP families34%

3,754 IDP families12%

3,679 IDP families12%

1%

98%

1%

Anbar Ninewa Salah al-Din

1%

9%

70%

20%

Pre-June 14 June-July 141-Aug-14 Post September 14

Unfinished/Abandonedbuildings 29%

Camps 23% 1%

3%

3%

1%

1%

92%

95%

92%

93%

87%

8%

1%

8%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Akre

Al-Shikhan

Tilkaif

Govt Total

Iraq

Locally integrate in current location

Moving and integrating in a different location outside of Iraq

Resettle in a third location

Return to place of origin

Waiting on one or several factors

Garmawa

Essian

Sheikhan

Mamilian

Bardarash

NFIs

4

1,058,238 OF ALL IDP INDIVIDUALS ACROSS IRAQ ORIGINATED FROM NINEWA

IDP families hosted in the governorate1

IDP families who originate from the gover-norate

226 278 338

17,544 13,950 21,931 27,643

29,044 27,022 29,024

30,412 30,816

31,082 31,806

0 0 2

3437426226

108585

145671

156246

157327

166138

161803165323

168599170731

Displacement in Ninewa—within, into, and out of the governorate—was oc-curring even before the eruption of latest conflict due to ethnic and religious persecution of various groups, including Kurds, Assyrian Christians, and the Shabak minority.6 The latest crisis, which broke out in December 2013, forced over 2,000 individuals7 to escape violence in Anbar, most of whom settled in Mosul district. An additional 17,310 IDP individuals were displaced within the governorate in June and July after AGs seized control of Mosul city, the gov-ernorate’s capital. Those IDPs mostly fled to Al-Shikhan and Akre districts. As the conflict unfolded and AGs expanded their territory, a number of security incidents followed by the Sinjar offensive in August resulted in internal dis-placement of over 133,000 individuals, the majority of whom fled to Akre dis-trict, which remained under the control of ISF. As a result of ongoing violence perpetrated by AGs post-August, over 37,500 individuals were driven to safe parts of Tilkaif, Telafar, and Mosul districts.Currently, Ninewa governorate hosts 6% of the total 2014-2015 IDP popula-tion in the country, amounting to 31,806 IDP individuals. As of May 2014, the total number of IDPs across Iraq who originated from Ninewa reached over 1,050,000 individuals, 17% of whom displaced inter-nally and didn’t leave Ninewa, therefore 98% of all IDPs residing here originated from this governorate. Ethno-religious make up shaped displacement movements. Yazidis and Kurds were more likely so seek haven in KRI, while Arabs fled to central Iraq. As for Turkmen, most of them headed south.

Situated in northern Iraq, with a total popu-lation of 2,811,091,3 Ninewa is the country’s third largest governorate. Over the past decade, ethno-religious per-secution resulted in massive migrations to, from, and within Ninewa. Additionally, sec-tarian conflicts have been exacerbated by disputes between the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) and the Government of Iraq (GOI) over the governance of parts of six of Ninewa’s districts, which are Sinjar, Telafar, Tilkaif, Al-Shikhan, Akre and Al-Hamdaniya.Since the start of the latest crisis, Ninewa Governorate has been a theatre of dramat-ic events that have shaped the dynamics of IDP movement. In early June, armed groups (AGs) seized control over Mosul. The city’s population was subject to persecution based on religious affiliation. As a result, many fam-ilies were forced to leave their homes. The Operation Inherent Resolve launched by the US-led coalition in the aftermath of the Sinjar offensive pushed even more persons to dis-place.Currently, the governorate reportedly hosts 6% of all IDPs4 in Iraq, a total of 31,806 in-dividuals. Moreover Ninewa was the gover-norate of origin of almost 36% of all IDPs in Iraq, totalling 1,050,000 individuals as of May 2015.Populations who remain under control of AGs reportedly struggle with severe food in-security, ubiquitous fear, and no prospect of peace.5

District of Displacement

Governorate of Origin

Anbar Ninewa Salah al-Din Total IDP individuals

Akre 70398 70398

Al-Hamdaniya 198 198

Al-Shikhan 64500 64500

Mosul 2148 19704 672 22524

Sinjar 6 0 0 6

Telafar 42 11094 0 11136

Tilkaif 0 21654 420 22074

Ninewa Total 2196 187548 1092 190836

In January clashes broke out in Ramadi, after the Ira-qi army stormed a protest camp suspected of shelter-ing insurgents. 94,927 fam-ilies displaced.

June 10, IS seized control of Mosul. Terrorists issued a statement that Iraqi Chris-tians must ”convert, pay taxes, or be killled”. 117,284 families displaced.

As IS continued persecuting Ninewa minorities, a vast population of KurdishYazidis sought refuge in the nearby Sinjar mountain. 277,626 families displaced.

AnbAr crisis8 Mosul crisis The sinjAr offensive

ninewA

irAq

2,106 IDP individ-uals (351 families)

displaced from Anbar

34,620 IDP individu-als (2,885 families)displaced, 99% of which originated

from Ninewa

342,840 IDP individu-als (28,570 families)displaced, 99% of

which originated from Ninewa

wAves of displAceMenT in 2014

3. Figures don›t include IDPs and Syrian refugees population and are based on Gol COSIT (2007); 4. Ninewa Governorate Profile, JAPU, May 20154. IDPs and returnees are generally categorized in three different groups: those displaced prior to 2006 due to circumstances such asthe first and second Gulf Wars, policies of the former regime, and environmental issues; those displaced after the dramatic rise in sectarian conflict between 2006-2008; and those who were displaced in late 2013 until present due to the armed group offensives that affected Iraq and Syria.5. RART monthly narrative report, April 2015; 6. Ninewa Governorate Profile, IOM, 2013. 6. Ninewa Governorate Profile, IOM 20137. Number of individuals is counted by multiplying number of families by 6, that is an average size of an Iraqi family. 8. Crisis details based on Ongoing displacement, IOM 2014

displAceMenT Trends

overview

PRE JUNE POST AuguSTJUNE-JUlY

20152014

1. IDPs by governorate of origin

IOM IraqGovernorate profile: Ninewa, May 2015

2

At the end of May 2015, 6% of all IDPs in Iraq were living in Ninewa governorate. The vast majority of those left their houses while escaping violence spreading in the areas that fell under AG control. Most were driven to districts not affected directly by the ongoing violence, such as Al Shikhan or Akre which combined held almost 70% of all IDPs in the governorate. A stable security situation, good economy, access to basic services, and hope for a better future brought over 40% of IDPs who originated from Ninewa to Dahuk gov-ernorate, where almost 80% of them settled in camps and critical shelter types such as unfinished/abandoned buildings located in Sumel and Zakho districts. In August 2014, after the Sinjar offensive, the US-led coalition launched Operation Inherent Resolve, targeting AG facilities in Iraq and Syria. In Iraq, the combination of increased airstrikes and increased AG military activity combined to cause a sig-nificant increase in displacement figures, which continue to grow. In turn, the influx of IDPs pushed many governorates, such as Baghdad and Karbala, to enforce laws requiring IDPs to obtain a local sponsor upon their arrival. This reportedly added to suffering of IDPs and made their escape even more difficult,9 resulting in tens of dozens of IDPs were held in the outskirts of the governorate.

9 RART monthly narrative report, April 2015.10. RART monthly narrative report, April 2015.

For many IDPs the period of displacement has not yet exceeded two years, so they haven’t had time to settle in their new locations. An undefined future and the changing character of the prevailing conflict which lacks a clear balance of power between Ags and ISF clear-ly shaped the intentions of IDPs throughout Iraq.

Overall, intentions in Ninewa governorate seemed to be consistent with trends ob-served country wide. 90% of all IDPs in the governorate hoped to return to their areas of origin if possible.

Undoubtedly, shelter type is affecting in-tentions given that IDPs who stay in critical shelters face unsound living conditions and those who rent house deplete they financial resources. 10 This, combined only strenghten desire to return.

Only a few IDPs in Akre intend to move and integrate in different location outside Iraq. Additionally, 8% of the respondents in Tilkaif indicated they were waiting on one or several factors

78% of IDPs who originate in Ninewa and dis-placed to other governorates desire to return to place of origin. Additionally, 14% was yet to determine their decisions, while 6% intend to locally integrate in current location. Kerba-la (73%), Muthanna (53%) and Basrah (23%) had the highest number of Ninewa IDPs who want to integrate.

inTenTions

Gender- AGe breAkdown

Notably, 39% of all IDPs assessed in Nine-wa were under 14. Additionally, overall there were nearly as many men as there were women among IDPs in the governorate.

3. Gender-age breakdown

IOM IraqGovernorate profile:Ninewa, May 2015

3

2. Intentions by districts

3%3% 1%

92% 95%92% 93% 87%

8% 1% 8%

Waiting on one or several factors

Return to place of origin

Resettle in a third location

Moving and integrating in a different locationoutside of IraqLocally integrate in current location

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

0-5 6-14 15-24 25-59 60+

M F

reTurn

IOM identified 30,516 persons who returned to the Nine-wa governorate, 87% of whom came from Dahuk. The remaining 13% returned from different areas within the governorate. Those IDPs had been forcibly displaced in the aftermath of Sinjar offensive and were in the vast majority of Kurdish origin.Returnees went back to their properties in Ayadiya, Rubiya and Zummar sub-districts.As more areas are being reclaimed by ISF, Ninewa will pre-sumably see more returns given that overwhelming major-ity of IDPs indicated desire to return to their governorates of origin.

In the aftermath of AGs blitzkrieg, many IDPs in Ninewa left their houses to seek safe haven. The hasty character of displacement pushed many of those who escaped spreading violence to settle in any shelter that offered at least bearable living conditions or to accept hospi-tality of a local community.

Overall, almost 30% of IDPs in Ninewa gover-norate were residing in critical shelters such as unfinished/abandoned buildings. These report-edly were most common in areas which parts remained under control of Ags, such as Telafar, Mosul district, and Al-Hamdaniya.12 Presuma-bly, these IDPs were slowly pushed out of their areas of origin into more remote parts of their district as a direct result of ongoing conflict.

The vast majority of fleeing minorities origi-nated from the same governorate, hence were more likely to enjoy social ties and hospitality in the areas of their displacement. Therefore 22% of all IDPs in Ninewa were offered a shel-ter by local community.

As some areas such as Akre, Al-Shikhan and Tilkaif enjoyed relatively stable security, they became a location of IDP camps that accom-modate 23% of all IDPs currently residing in the governorate.

IDPs from Ninewa who settled in KRI were most likely to stay in camps (28%), rented hous-ing (28%) and unfinished/abandoned buildings (28%). 45% of those who displaced to central Iraq reside in religious buildings, in addition to 23% and 19%, who live in rented housing and with host families, respectively. As for IDPs who headed South, 44% of them stay in rented housing, while 35% live with host family.

Families began to flee prior to June 2014 as AGs were ap-proaching Mosul and rumours together and fear were spread-ing across the governorate. In June, when AGs seized control over Mosul city, the number of IDPs residing in private housing skyrocketed to reach its peak in July. Back then the displace-ment period was still very short, therefore the vast majority of IDPs managed to afford renting housing. As displacement was prolonged and financial resources depleted, private hous-ing saw a dramatic drop in favour of critical shelters. This oc-curred in the aftermath of the Sinjar offensive which forced the most vulnerable of the Yazidi population to leave all their belongings behind and escape. The launching of Operation In-herent Resolve and ISF pursue to regain areas seized by AGs only entrenched aforementioned patterns in terms of shelter movement.

shelTer MoveMenT over TiMe

shelTers

IOM IraqGovernorate profile: Ninewa, May 2015

5. Shelters over time13

4. Shelters by districts

12. RART monthly narrative report, April 2015, 13. Critical shelter arrangements include: unfinished and abandoned buildings, religious buildings, school buildings, informal settlements, other formal settlements, as well as unknown arrangements. These shelter types are classified as critical since the facilities are either not sustainable or inadequate to provide safe living conditions to the displaced population. Private settings include host families, rented housing and hotels/motels. While these shelter arrangements should ensure better living standards to their occupants, they can entail a consider-able burden to the host community as well as place strain on the functioning of basic services. Please refer to Annex 3 on DTM Shelter definitions for further information.

IOM distributed winter kits to IDPs in Tilkaif district

4

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

Camp Private housing Critical shelters

32% 31%

4%

23%

13% 17%

26%

67%

41%

22%

39%

34%15%

18%

100%14% 22%

12%

6%

2%2%

20%

61%

36%37%

23%35%

29%

2% 1%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Camp Host Families

Informal settlements Religious Building

Rented housing School Building

Unfinished/Abandoned building Unknown

IOM IraqGovernorate profile: Ninewa, May 2015

Informal settlements suffer from poor infra-structure, in addition to frequent lack of ac-cess to basic services such as electricity, wa-ter and waste disposal network.16 Hence 17% of the respondents in informal settlements considered water to be a top priority need.

6. The five top priority needs by districts

7. The top five priority needs by shelter types

14. RART monthly narrative report, April 2015.15. ibidem16. ibidem

Many areas in the governorate couldn’t be accessed due to ongoing fights between AGs and ISF supported by the International Co-alition. However, collected data represent a picture of the shelter crisis and financial exhaustion, among other things resulting in severe food insecurity.

Need for shelter (26%) and access to work (21%) were both high and closely tied. IDPs who rushed from their houses were forced to settle either in critical shelter types or with host families. As they left everything behind and many suffered unemployment, most of them could neither afford to rent house nor to buy food. Economic hardship caused demand for NFIs that amounted to 12% of responses. It was mostly prevalent in hotel/motel as those IDPs presumably spent their money to pay hotel rates, and there-fore lacked financial resources to afford oth-er items.

As many families reportedly left in a hurry or had their documents confiscated by AGs, le-gal help was considered a top priority need by 8% of the respondents.14

Additionally, hardship in access to health care, as well as poor living conditions in crit-ical shelters and overcrowded host families resulted in spread of diseases.15 Hence 8% of the responses indicated health to be among pressing needs for IDPs in Ninewa.

prioriTY needs

IOM aid comprises kitchen sets, blankets, matresses and many more

5

19%

21%

31%

21%

9%

12%

18%

15%

14% 8%

15% 14%

10%

7%

12%

14%

27%

28%

14%

26%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Akre

Al-Shikhan

Tilkaif

Govt Total

Access to Work Education FoodHealth Legal Help NFIOther Sanitation/ Hygiene Shelter/HousingWater

23% 22% 30%

10%25% 23%

35%17% 21%

18% 11%27%

13% 17% 9%

12% 14%

13% 14%8%

11%10% 8%

11%

8%

10%

8%

13%

25%

16%14%

11%

12%

12%

15% 15%17%

28% 24%20%

27% 22% 29% 28% 26%17%

Access to Work EducationFood HealthLegal Help NFIOther Sanitation/ HygieneShelter/Housing Water