Night Operations and NVG - Aeromed Africa · Night Operations and NVG March 15, 2012 8 Mishap...
Transcript of Night Operations and NVG - Aeromed Africa · Night Operations and NVG March 15, 2012 8 Mishap...
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Federal AviationAdministration
Federal AviationAdministration
Night Operations
and NVG:
Presented to: AeroMed Africa 2012
By: Stephen Barbini, Rotorcraft Directorate, ASW-111
Date: March 15, 2012
The Need and Challenges of
Introducing These Operations
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Objectives
• After this presentation, the audience will:
– Understand the benefits of using NVGs during night
flight
– Understand the scope and constraints of NVG
usage
• “Can’t get something for nothing”
– Understand how to mitigate the risks of an NVG
operation
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Benefits of NVG Use
• Primary goal of NVG use:
– Enhanced visual flight at night by improving
nighttime visual awareness
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Benefits of NVG Use
• Improved visual awareness:
– Terrain avoidance
– Obstacle avoidance
– Improved visual
navigation
– See air traffic
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Constraints of NVG Use
• Aircraft design
- Incompatible lights
- Structural limits to NVG
scan
- Windscreen transmission
• No operational credit
- Assumes visual flight
rules
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Constraints of NVG Use (continued)
• System design characteristics
- Reduced aided field-of-view (40o vs. ~170o)
- Weight of NVGs
- Monochromatic image
- Tube limitations
• Environmental conditions
- Significant water vapor (clouds, fog, haze) or solids
(rain, snow, sand, smoke, etc) decrease
performance
- Light & infrared energy must be present
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Constraints of NVG Use (continued)
• Physiological conditions
- Increased pilot workload
- Decreased pilot task performance
- Neck strain: 1.5 lbs (goggles & hardware) + helmet
- Impaired depth perception and distance estimation
- Decreased visual acuity: approx 20/30-40 with
goggles
- Increased propensity to spatial disorientation
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Mishap Avoidance
• Preflight planning – weather, mission,
etc.
• Onboard crew coordination– Cockpit and cabin
• External coordination with others– Police, Fire, ground EMS, ATC, news media
• Utilize correct NVGs
– Class A versus Class B
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Mishap Avoidance (continued)
1
2
3
Allowable Energy Spectrum
Visible Energy Spectrum Filtered By
the NVG and Allowed in Cockpit
Energy Spectrum Not
Filtered and available to NVG
Bad
Good
Class B NVG Intensifies
GoodNVG
Cockpit
Class A NVG intensifies NVG Filters this energy
Class A Allowable Spectrum
Class B Allowable Spectrum
Class A NVG Intensifies
Class B Allowable Spectrum
NVG
NVG
Cockpit
Cockpit
NVG Filters this energy
NVG Filters this energy
USE NVGs THAT ARE COMPATIBLE WITH THE COCKPIT
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Mishap Avoidance (continued)
Class A NVGs Class B NVGs
Effects of Cockpit Lighting on Different NVGs
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Mishap Avoidance (continued)
• Channelized attention
– Narrowed focus of attention can occur more readily
under goggles due to fatigue, increased need to
concentrate, reliance on focal vision
• Complacency
• Inappropriate instrument scan
• Spatial disorientation, visual illusions and
misperceptions
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Mishap Avoidance (continued)
• Training / Currency – initial and recurrent
• Maintain night proficiency– “NO WAY”! It’s dark out there.”
– Be prepared to transition to unaided flight
• Maintain NVGs per manufacturer’s recommendations– Refer to ICAs
• Maintain lighting– Degradation of filter material or lights
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Mishap Avoidance: Maintenance
& Pilot Preflight/Acceptance• “Simple” changes to a cockpit can destroy the NVG
compatibility of an NVIS cockpit…
– Replacement of analog clock with digital clock
– Addition of post lights or map lights
– Flight/NAV Instruments with OFF flags
– Addition of “MILSPEC” equipment (e.g., tactical radios)
– Some equipment needs additional modifications/configuration
to be NVIS compatible (e.g., comm / nav)
• An evaluation is required after any replacement of
light-emitting equipment
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Mishap Avoidance: Maintenance
& Pilot Preflight/Acceptance
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Mishap Avoidance: Maintenance
& Pilot Preflight/Acceptance
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Mishap Avoidance: Maintenance
& Pilot Preflight/Acceptance
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Mishap Avoidance: Maintenance
& Pilot Preflight/Acceptance
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Mishap Avoidance: Maintenance
& Pilot Preflight/Acceptance
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Mishap Avoidance: Maintenance
& Pilot Preflight/Acceptance
Green-Yellow Bands Must be Legible
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Questions???