NIBRS Overview In Conjunction With Robbery Analysis

NIBRS 2000 Regional Focus Group Meeting

By Julie GutierrezSEARCH(916) 392-2550julie@search.org

NIBRS is …

Detailed and accurate reporting of crime and arrest activities

Byproduct of local automated records systems for law enforcement

Standard for communicating across jurisdiction and state boundaries

Traditional UCR Submission

Monthly Count of OffensesAge, Sex, Race of Persons ArrestedAge, Sex, Race of VictimsProperty Stolen and Recovered

More Paper UCR Forms

Monthly Return of Persons ChargedSupplemental Homicide ReportMonthly Return of ArsonHate Crime ReportLaw Enforcement Officer Killed/Assaulted

NIBRS Automates UCR

6PA0012300960012345 01 T120 12A 22MW

5PA0012300960012345 01 22MW

4PA0012300960012345 001 120 50FW 01ST

3PA0012300960012345 7 20 000000500

3PA0012300960012345 6 10 000050000

2PA0012300960012345 35A C D 20 PU

2PA0012300960012345 120 C D 204012A

1PA0012300960012345 19960930 10N

Example NIBRS Data Submission

NIBRS Links Segments (Incident-Based Reporting)

Incident Segments

Offenses Property Victims Offenders/Suspects

Arrestees

Administrative

Summary of Robbery# of RecordsSegment

1,340Other

10,215Offenses

3,155Arrestees1,278Unknown

11,984Observed

13,262Offenders1,821Business9,429Individual

11,250Victims

8,875Robbery

8,875Incidents

NIBRS Identifies Year, Quarter, Month, Day …

Robbery Day of Week

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

Sun Mon Tues Wed Thur Fri Sat

Inci

dent

s

n=8,875

and Hour of Incident

Robbery Hour of Day

0%2%4%6%8%

10%

6:00

AM

8:00

AM

10:0

0 AM

Noon

2:00

PM

4:00

PM

6:00

PM

8:00

PM

10:0

0 PM

Midnigh

t2:

00 A

M4:

00 A

M

Inci

dent

s

NIBRS Collects All Offenses(Hierarchy Rule dropped)

Incidentsn=8,875

88%

10% 2%

Single offense of robbery

Robbery and 1 other offense

Robbery and 2+ other offenses

Traditional UCR reports the most serious offense in an incident.

NIBRS requires the collection of all offensesoccurring within an incident.

NIBRS distinguishes Attempted vs. Completedcrimes.

Robbery Other-Related Offenses0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

Murder

Kidnapping

Forcible Sex Offenses

Aggravated Assault

Simple Assault

Burglary

Larceny/Theft

Motor Vehicle Theft

Destruction of Property

Drug Offenses

Weapon Law Violations

Ro

bb

ery

NO

T

Rep

ort

ed

to

UC

RO

NLY

Ro

bb

ery

R

ep

ort

ed

to

UC

R

n=1,340

NIBRS Collects Location Type (no distinct addresses)

Highway/Road/AlleyHotel/MotelJail/PrisonLake/WaterwayLiquor StoreParking Lot/GarageRental Storage Residence/HomeRestaurantSchool/CollegeService/Gas StationSpecialty StoreOther/Unknown

Air/Bus/Train TerminalBank/Savings & LoanBar/Night ClubChurch/SynagogueCommercial BuildingConstruction SiteConvenience StoreDept/Discount StoreDrug Store/HospitalField/WoodsGovt/Public BuildingGrocery/Supermarket

Location of Robbery

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

Bank/Savings and Loan

Commercial/Office Building

Bar/Night Club

Restaurant

Service/Gas Station

Convenience Store

Highway/Road/Alley

Parking Lot/Garage

Residence/Home n=8,875

NIBRS Collects Weapon or Force Involved

PoisonExplosivesFire/Incendiary DeviceDrugs/Narcotics/ Sleeping

PillsAsphyxiationOtherUnknownNone

FirearmHandgunRifleShotgunOther FirearmKnife/Cutting InstrumentBlunt ObjectMotor VehiclePersonal Weapons

Weapons of Robbery

0%5%

10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%

Weapons

Firearms Blunt Object Knife/CuttingInstrument

PersonalWeapons

n=8,860

NIBRS Identifies Hate CrimeRacial Bias

Anti-WhiteAnti-BlackAnti-American Indian/AlaskanAnti-Asian/Pacific IslanderAnti-Multi Racial Group

Ethnicity BiasAnti-HispanicAnti-Other Ethnicity

Sexual BiasAnti-Male HomosexualAnti-Female HomosexualAnti-HomosexualAnti-HeterosexualAnti-Bisexual

Religious BiasAnti-JewishAnti-CatholicAnti-ProtestantAnti-Islamic (Moslem)Anti-Other ReligionAnti-Multi Religious GroupAnti-Atheist/Agnostic

Disability BiasAnti-Physical DisabilityAnti-Mental Disability

None (no bias)Unknown

NIBRS Collects Data for Supplemental Homicide Reports

Murder or Aggravated Assault Circumstances Argument Assault on LE Officers Drug Dealing Gangland Juvenile Gang Lovers’ Quarrel Mercy Killing Other Felony

Involved Other Circumstances Unknown

Circumstances

Negligent Manslaughter Circumstances Child Playing with

Weapon Gun-cleaning Accident Hunting Accident Other Negligent Weapon

Handling Other Negligent Killings

Justifiable Homicide Circumstances Criminal Killed by Private

Citizen Criminal Killed by Police

Additional Justifiable Homicide circumstances Criminal Attacked Police and

that Officer Killed Criminal Criminal Attacked Police and

Killed by Another Officer Criminal Attacked a Civilian Criminal Attempted Flight Killed in Commission of Crime Criminal Resisted Arrest Unable to Determine

NIBRS Collects Property Descriptions & Values

Aircraft Alcohol Automobiles Bicycles Buses Clothes/Furs Computers Consumable Goods Credit/Debit Cards Drugs/Narcotics Drug Equipment Farm Equipment Firearms Gambling Equip.

Heavy Construction Household Goods Jewelry/Precious

Metals Livestock Merchandise Money Negotiables Nonnegotiables Office Equipment Other Motor Vehicles Purses/Handbags Radios/TVs/VCRs Recordings Recreational Vehicles

Structures-Single Occupancy

Structures-Other Dwellings Structures-Commercial Structures-Industrial Structures-Public Structures-Storage Structures-Other Tools Trucks Vehicle Parts/Access. Watercraft Other Pending Inventory Special Category

Recovered

RecoveredForgedForged

Bur

ned

Bur

nedStolenStolen

DamagedDamaged

Seized

Seized

Robbery Property Stolen and Recovered

RecoveredValue StolenDescription

$4,295$84,311Money

047,090Jewelry

34,10034,100Automobiles

24,75024,750Trucks

1,5004,841Radios/TV/VCR

5681,891Clothes/Furs

01,025Bicycles

01,000Negotiables

0500Tools

NIBRS Handles Recovered Property Across Jurisdictions

Our department recovers property reported stolen in another jurisdiction.

The other agency is responsible for submitting the recovered property to NIBRS.

Another agency recovers property reported stolen by our department.

Our department is responsible for submitting the recovered property to NIBRS.

NIBRS Collects Data on Seized Drugs

Crack Cocaine Cocaine Hashish Heroin Marijuana Morphine Opium LSD PCP Hallucinogens Amphetamines Methamphetamines Barbiturates Depressants

Gram Kilogram Ounce Pound Milliliter

Liter Fluid Ounce Gallon Dosage Units/Items Number of Plants

Estimated Drug Quantity Estimated Drug Quantity and Measurementand Measurement

Suspected Drug TypeSuspected Drug Type

NIBRS Collects Victim Demographics (no identifiers)

Victim Type(Individual, Business or Society)

AgeSexRaceEthnicityResident Status

Number of Robbery Victims

Victimsn=11,250

Single person only63%

Single person

and business

14%

Business only5%

3+ persons

3%2 persons

15%

Age & Sex of Robbery Victims

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

3 10 17 24 31 38 45 52 59 66 73 80 87

Victim Age

Pers

on V

ictim

s

MaleFemale

n=9,429

Race of Robbery Victims

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

Pers

on V

ictim

s

White Black Asian AmericanIndian

MaleFemale

n=9,429

NIBRS Collects Victim Injury

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%

Robbery

Vic

tim

s

None MinorInjury

MajorInjury

Death

Injury Severity n=9,429

Injuries of Robbery Victims

Major Injury Types0% 20% 40% 60%

Broken Bones

Loss of Teeth

Internal Injury

Severe Laceration

Unconsciousness

Other Major Injury n=931

NIBRS Collects Offender Demographics (no identifiers)

Offender Sequence (Observed, Unknown)

AgeSexRace

Number of Robbery Offenders

OffendersSingle

offender62%

3+ offenders4%

Offender unknown

14%2 offenders

20%

n=13,262

Age & Sex of Robbery Offenders

0100200300400500600700800900

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

Suspect Age

Obs

erve

d O

ffen

ders

MaleFemale

n=11,984

Race of Robbery Offenders

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Know

n O

ffen

der

s

White Black Asian AmericanIndian

MaleFemale

NIBRS Collects Victim/Offender Relationships

Known Outside FamilyAcquaintanceFriendNeighborBabysittee (the baby)Boyfriend/GirlfriendChild of Boy/GirlfriendHomosexual RelationshipEx-spouseEmployeeEmployerOtherwise Known

Not Known by VictimRelationship UnknownVictim was Stranger

Within FamilySpouseCommon-Law SpouseParentSibling (brother or sister)ChildGrandparentGrandchildIn-lawStepparentStepchildStepsiblingOther Family MemberVictim was Offender

Robbery Victim/Offender Relationships

0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

Confrontations

Victim was Family

Victim was Boy/Girlfriend

Victim was Acquaintance

Victim was Otherwise Known

Victim was Stranger

Relationship Unknown

n=13,406

Robbery Confrontations

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

Confr

onta

tions

Sing

le o

ffend

er2

offe

nder

s3+

offe

nder

Unkn

own

3+ victims2 victimsSingle victim

n=13,406

NIBRS Collects Arrestee Demographics (no identifiers)

Type of Arrest(on-view, taken into custody, summoned/cited)

AgeSexRaceEthnicityResident Status

NIBRS Collects Arrestee Weapons

UnarmedFirearm HandgunRifleShotgunOther FirearmLethal Cutting InstrumentClub/Blackjack/Brass Knuckles

NIBRS Identifies Various Types of Arrest

On-view arrests where subjects are taken into custody without a warrant or previous incident report.

Taken into custody that are based on a warrant and/or previously submitted incident report.

Summoned or cited arrests where subjects are not taken into custody.

Juveniles taken into custody but merely warned and released without being charged.

NIBRS Links Incidents to Arrest

Local Law Enforcement Information System

Incident #1ATN #9

count arrestee

Incident #2ATN #9

multiple arrestee

Incident #3ATN #9

multiple arrestee

Arrest RecordATN #9

Arrests in NIBRS must be associated with specific incidents. This is the only way an incident can be counted as cleared.The arrest must be able to link to several incidents in the case of serial offenders.

Robbery Clearance

Incidents

Not Cleared70%

Cleared Exceptionally

6%

Cleared by Arrest24%

n=8,875

NIBRS Identifies Year, Quarter, Month and Day of Arrest

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45

Robbery to Arrest Duration (days)

Inci

den

ts

NIBRS Handles Arrest Reporting Across Jurisdictions

Our department makes an arrest based on a warrant from another agency.

The other agency is responsible for submitting the arrest record to NIBRS.

Another agency makes an arrest based on a warrant initiated by our department.

Our department is responsible for submitting the arrest record to NIBRS.

Conclusion

NIBRS Collects 53 Data Elements

NIBRS Provides More Correlation Among Offenses, Property, Victims, Offenders and Arrestees

NIBRS Answers Who, What, When, Where and How

Modern Law Enforcement IT is key to State and Local NIBRS Implementation