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Primary Sources:
"Berlin Cenference 1885." Berlin Cenference 1885. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2013. <http://
www.africafederation.net/Berlin_1885.htm>.
This site includes primary sources such as land treaties as well as first-hand accounts of
African and European reactions to the colonization of Africa. These sources were very helpful
because they provide different perspectives of peoples’ thoughts on European imperialism of
Africa, which will be useful in our project.
"Berlin Conference 1884 1885." Berlin Conference 1884 1885. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Nov. 2013.
<http://www.cabinda.net/Berlin_Conference.htm>.
This source includes the primary source documents, the Convention Revising the General
Act of Berlin (February 26, 1885) and the General Act and Declaration of Brussels (July 2,1890)
which gave the European nations free trade and transportation throughout Africa. Furthermore, it
states the countries controlling the African lands are responsible for watching over the natives,
improving their lives, morals, and the suppression of slavery. These will be very helpful in our
project, because we can use them to compare what European countries were supposed to do and
what actually occurred as a result of the Berlin Conference.
"Example of Stanley's Congo Treaties." Example of Stanley's Congo Treaties. N.p., n.d. Web. 1
Jan. 2014. <http://www.urome.be/fr2/ouvrag/treat.pdf>.
This primary source contains articles from Henry M. Stanley’s Congo treaties, which he
wrote for King Leopold of the Congo Free State. In these treaties, which were signed, witnessed
and agreed to, he made promises to only take land by mutual agreement, create prosperity, and
protect the African natives. We will use this in our project because the Europeans did not follow
any of these, and we will use it to compare what should have happened with what actually hap-
pened.
"Internet History Sourcebooks." Internet History Sourcebooks. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Jan. 2014.
<http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1902hobson.asp>.
This source was written by John Hobson who witnessed European imperialism of Africa,
Europe’s changes because of it, and the lack of interest regarding the effect on Africa. We will
use this source in our project because it deeply describes the causes and effects of imperialism,
which we will be discussing in our project, as well as why and how it is imperialism in Africa.
Leavitt, Charles, and Gaby Mitchell. "Companion Curriculum to Blood Diamond." Companion
Curriculum to Blood Diamond. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2014. <http://
www.amnestyusa.org/sites/default/files/bd_curriculumguide_0.pdf>.
This source is based upon the movie Blood Diamond, which describes life in African dia-
mond mines and the poor treatment of workers. We will use it to link the exploitation of Africans
to problems in Africa today. We will analyze the harsh conditions the Africans experienced due
to imperialism and how they are still suffering today.
"READING." E. D. Morel, The Black Man's Burden (1920). N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Jan. 2014.
<http://wadsworth.cengage.com/history_d/special_features/ilrn_legacy/
wawc2c01c/ content/wciv2/readings/wciv2readingsmorel.html>.
This primary source document is an account of many abuses in King Leopold’s Congo
Free State due to European imperialism, recorded by E.D. Morel. We will use this source in our
project to examine European supremacy over Africans and analyze the long-lasting difficulties
Africans experienced and are still experiencing due to European imperialism.
"READING." Letter from King Leopold II on the Congo (1890). N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Jan. 2014.
<http://wadsworth.cengage.com/history_d/special_features/ilrn_legacy/
wawc2c01c/ content/wciv2/readings/wciv2readingsleopold.html>.
This document is a letter from King Leopold II of the Congo Free State to the prime min-
ister, in which he expressed his primary desire of using Africa to benefit Belgium. He said it was
his duty to help the second rank humanity and use Africa to his advantage. We will use this in
our project to support that Europeans believed it was their responsibility as the superior race to
develop Africa and they believed they had a right to Africa.
"Rudyard Kipling, The White Man's Burden (1899)." Rudyard Kipling, The White Man's Burden.
N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Jan. 2014. <http://public.wsu.edu/~brians/world_civ/worldcivreader/
world_civ_reader_2/kipling.html>.
This document contains Rudyard Kipling’s The White Man’s Burden poem, which we
will relate to The Black Man’s Burden, by E.D. Morel. We will compare the content of the two,
and analyze the different motives of each group of people.
"RW ONLINE:Imperialism and AIDS in Africa." RW ONLINE:Imperialism and AIDS in Africa.
N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Dec. 2013. <http://www.revcom.us/a/v22/1060-69/1065/
aids.htm>.
This source contains narratives from Africans who experienced imperialism and the con-
ditions created in Africa because of it, which contributed to the occurrence of HIV and AIDS in
Africa. It also contains narratives of Africans with HIV or AIDS. We will use this source to
prove that European imperialism had devastating effects on Africa that are still present today.
"South Sudan: Soldiers Target Ethnic Group in Juba Fighting | Human Rights Watch." South
Sudan: Soldiers Target Ethnic Group in Juba Fighting | Human Rights Watch.
N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Jan. 2014. <http://www.hrw.org/news/2013/12/19/south-Sudan-
soldiers-target- ethnic-group-juba-fighting>.
This primary source gives a detailed description of the terrible conditions in Sudan today,
which are lasting effects from European imperialism. Imperialism left Sudan in ruins without a
government, which led to tyrannical leaders who mistreat their people today. We will use this
source to link conditions in Sudan today to European imperialism of Africa.
"World Socialist Web Site." Belgium's Imperialist Rape of Africa -. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Jan. 2014.
<http://www.wsws.org/en/articles/1999/09/king-s06.html>.
This primary source document contains records of King Leopold’s imperial rule of the
Congo, methods of gaining wealth through rubber production, his abusive punishments, and his
impact on Africa. We will use this source in our project to show how Europeans thought they
had the right to exploit African land and resources, as well as their abuse of enslaved African
workers.
Secondary Sources:
"1750-1914 - Imperialism in Africa." 1750-1914 - Imperialism in Africa. N.p., n.d. Web. 14
Nov. 2013. <http://www2.newcanaan.k12.ct.us/education/components/scrapbook/default.php?
sectiondetailid=5501>.
This educational site provides insight regarding Africa’s land and natural resources and
why they were desired by European countries. It will be useful in our project when we explain
Europe’s belief they had a right to Africa and what they would gain from it.
“Berlin Conference: Negative Impact on Africa." Berlin Conference: Negative Impact on Africa.
N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2013. <http://brainmass.com/earth-sciences/environmental-
policy/320757>.
This useful article provides information about negative cultural, economic, and political
effects of the Berlin Conference on Africa. It is very important to our project because we can use
this knowledge of problems and then connect it with current problems in Africa today.
"Brief History of the Berlin Conference." Brief History of the Berlin Conference. N.p., n.d. Web.
12 Nov. 2013. <http://teacherweb.ftl.pinecrest.edu/snyderd/mwh/projects/mun-bc/
history.htm>.
This site supplies background knowledge about the Berlin Conference. It includes infor-
mation about the reason it occurred, its initial task, goals, and the colonial holdings. This will be
helpful in our project because it can be used to describe Europe’s scramble for Africa, what oc-
curred during the Berlin Conference, and how the European countries strayed from their original
goals.
"The Congo Free State." The Congo Free State. N.p., n.d. Web. 01 Jan. 2014. <http://
cobweb.sfasu.edu/sbradley/Classes/homepages/Congo_Free_State/>.
This source describes the history of the Congo Free State, its rubber harvesting,
Leopold’s rule, and brutality toward the natives. We will use this in our project to support that
Europeans believed they were the superior race and could abuse and exploit Africans.
Pictures:
"Adult Literacy Project." Fitness for Africa. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Feb. 2014. <https://
fitnessforafrica.org/our-projects/adult-literacy-project/>.
This image displays the adult literacy rates in Africa today, and it is found on the “Signif-
icance” page of our website.
"African Diamond Mine." Premier Mine. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. <http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Premier_Mine>.
This is an image of Premier Diamond Mine in Africa. It is found on the “Social Responsi-
bility” page.
"Am I not a Man and a Brother?" Am I not a Man and a Brother? N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.
<http://hd.housedivided.dickinson.edu/node/17899>.
This is an image of an African asking why he is not considered an equal to the Euro-
peans. It is found on the “Social Responsibility” page.
The Berlin Conference. Project Gutenburg. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2014. <http://
www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/26424?msg=welcome_stranger>.
This is a picture of the Berlin Conference, and it will be used as the header on all of our
website pages.
The Berlin Conference. The Scramble for Africa: Berlin Conference of 1884-1885 to Divide
Africa. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. <http://wysinger.homestead.com/
berlinconference.html>.
This is an image of the Berlin Conference, and it is found on the “Home” page.
Cecil Rhodes Stands Across Africa Political Cartoon. Scramble for Africa. N.p., n.d. Web. 28
Jan. 2014. <http://martinfrost.ws/htmlfiles/april2007/africa_scramble.html>.
This political cartoon displays European explorer, Cecil Rhodes, standing across Africa.
It is located on the “Home” page.
Civil and Ethnic Conflicts. The Long-run Effects of the Scramble for Africa. N.p., n.d. Web. 28
Jan. 2014. <http://www.voxeu.org/article/long-run-effects-scramble-africa>.
These maps show the violent repercussions of the random distribution of Africa land and
disregard for previously established African borders. It is found on the “Background” page.
The Congo's Wealth and Casualties. Measure Impossible. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.
<http://conorobrien42.wordpress.com>.
This is a political cartoon of the Congo’s wealth, which went to Europeans, and the num-
ber of Africans that died in the process of gaining profit. It is found on the “Economic Responsi-
bility” page.
Diamond Mine Collapse. At Least 10 killed in Congo Diamond Mine Cave-in. N.p., n.d. Web. 29
Jan. 2014. <http://uk.fashionmag.com/news/At-least-10-killed-in-Congo-diamond-mine-
cave-in,71062.html#.UunQnJETsUs>.
This picture shows a diamond mine that collapsed and killed workers. It is found on the
“Significance” page of our website.
Distribution of African Land. Imperialism in Africa. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. <http://
www2.newcanaan.k12.ct.us/education/components/scrapbook/default.php?
sectiondetailid=5501>.
This picture shows how African land was distributed at the Berlin Conference. It is lo-
cated on the “Background” page.
Division of Africa Political Cartoon. Imperialists Divide Nigeria and South Africa. N.p., n.d.
Web. 28 Jan. 2014. <http://apimperialismproject.wikispaces.com/1)Nigeria>.
This is a political cartoon of Otto von Bismark dividing Africa among the countries at the
Berlin Conference. It is used on the “Background” page.
European Superiority. Liberal Racism = Education for War. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.
<http://http://www.internationalist.org/nyregentsimperialism0605.html/
nyregentsimperialism0605.html>.
These images show white superiority over African Americans. They shown on the
“Home” page and the “Rights and Responsibilities” page.
Exploitation of Africa. Anti-Imperialism. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. <http://anti-
imperialism.com/2013/02/18/the-wests-war-against-african-development-contin-
ues/>.
This image shows the exploitation of Africa, and it is found on the “Home” page.
The "Feet Washing" Ceremony. Neo-colonialism, Subversion in Africa and Global Conflict.
N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.
<http://imperialismsouthafrica-aly.wikispaces.com/file/
view/CecilRhodes.jpg/56894040/CecilRhodes.jpg>.
This picture shows Africans cleaning European mens’ feet, which displays white superi-
ority. It is found on the “Rights and Responsibilities” page.
"The General Act of Berlin." Open Library. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. <https://
openlibrary.org/books/OL7185265MConvention>.
This is a picture of the General Act of Berlin, and it is found on the “Rights and Respon-
sibilities” page.
"Global Overview." TheBody.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Feb. 2014. <http://www.thebody.com/
content/art782.html>.
This image shows the life expectancy rates in Africa today. It is found on the “Signifi-
cance” page of our website.
"In the Rubber Coils." The Congo Free State – A Latifundium of Terror. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan.
2014. <http://thecivilisingmission.com/2010/04/16/the-congo-free-state-a-
latifundium-of- terror/>.
This is a metaphorical representation of how the rubber harvesting harmed Africans. It is
found on the “Home” page.
"Maps » Global Subnational Infant Mortality Rates, V1: | SEDAC." Maps » Global Subnational
Infant Mortality Rates, V1: | SEDAC. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Feb. 2014. <http://
sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/povmap-global-subnational-infant-
mortality-rates/ maps>.
This is a map that shows the infant mortality rates in Africa today. It is found on the “Sig-
nificance” page of our website.
Negative Effects of Imperialism on Africa. Maz European History Blog. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan.
2014. <http://melainachapman.blogspot.com/2013_03_01_archive.html>.
This image shows grim reapers with negative effects fighting over Africa. It is found on
the “Home” page.
Nigerian Strike. Nigerian Labour Union Suspends Strike Action. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2014.
<http://www.africanliberty.org/content/nigerian-labour-union-suspends-strike-action>.
This picture shows the negative effects of imperialism, and it is found on the “Signifi-
cance” page.
Political Cartoon of Africa. 19th Century Humanities. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. <http://
ingrid19thcenturyhumanities.weebly.com/political-cartoons.html>.
This political cartoon shows grim reapers of famine, wars, and other negative effects of
imperialism fighting for Africa. It is found on the “Home Page”
"Poverty Maps on HarvestChoice | Ecostudies." Ecostudies. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Feb. 2014.
<http://pvanb.wordpress.com/2012/05/09/poverty-maps-on-harvestchoice/>.
This is an image of a map displaying poverty rates in Africa today. It is found on the
“Significance” page of our website”
Severed Hands. Butcher of the Congo: King Leopold II of Belgium. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.
<http://digitaljournal.com/blog/11297>.
This image shows victims of King Leopold II’s harsh rule, whose hands were severed for
not collecting enough rubber. It is found of the “Economic Responsibility” page.
"South Sudanese Soldiers." South Sudan rebels 'forcibly recruiting civilians' amid humanitarian
crisis. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2014. <http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jan/02/
south-sudan-rebels-recruiting-civilians-humanitarian-catastrophe>.
This picture shows the abuse Africans suffer today because of imperialism. It is found on
the “Significance” page.
Starving Africans. Imperialism. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014. <http://theredphoenixapl.org/2011/
03/01/imperialism-a-beginner’s-guide/>.
This image shows abused and starved Africans. It is found on the “Home” page.
White Domination. 12 Real, Graphic and Disturbing Photos of Atrocities From European
Imperialism/Domination. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.
<http://atlantablackstar.com/ 2014/01/14/12-real-graphic-and-disturbing-photos-of-
atrocities-from-european- imperialism/4/>.
This is an image of how the Europeans completely dominated the Africans. It is found on
the “Political Responsibility” page.
White Superiority. 12 Real, Graphic and Disturbing Photos of Atrocities From European
Imperialism/Domination. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.
<http://atlantablackstar.com/ 2014/01/14/12-real-graphic-and-disturbing-photos-of-
atrocities-from-european- imperialism/4/>.
This shows British superiority over Africans in Kenya. It is found on the “Political Re-
sponsibility” page.
Videos:
A Brief History of European Colonization in Africa. YouTube. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2014.
<http://youtu.be/Pis5f085P3M>.
This video provides information about how the Europeans justified their actions by in-
venting the myth that the Africans were racially inferior and needed to be civilized. It is found on
the “Social Responsibility” page.
Congo-The Brutal History. YouTube. N.p., n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2014. <http://youtu.be/
qx2Sj1fhSso>.
This video provides information about the disregard for African rights and the cruel treat-
ment of Africans. It is used on the “Rights and Responsibilities” page and the “Economic Re-
sponsibility” page.
European Imperialism in Africa. YouTube. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Jan. 2014. <http://youtu.be/
OJe1W_HIWmA>.
This video provides information about European imperialism in Africa, and it is found on
the “Background” page.