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Transcript of NFPA 99 - شرکت همیار انرژیhamyarenergy.com/static/fckimages/files/NFPA/Hamyar... ·...
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NFPA99Standardfor
HealthCareFacilities
2005Edition
Copyright2005,NationalFireProtectionAssociation,AllRightsReserved
ThiseditionofNFPA99,StandardforHealthCareFacilities,waspreparedbytheTechnicalCommitteesonAdministration,ElectricalEquipment,ElectricalSystems,GasDeliveryEquipment,HealthCareEmergencyManagement,HyperbaricandHypobaricFacilities,Laboratories,andPipingSystems,releasedbytheTechnicalCorrelatingCommitteeonHealthCareFacilities,andactedonbyNFPAatitsNovemberAssociationTechnicalMeetingheldNovember1317,2004,inMiamiBeach,FL.ItwasissuedbytheStandardsCouncilonJanuary14,2005,withaneffectivedateofFebruary7,2005,andsupersedesallpreviouseditions.
Atentativeinterimamendment(TIA)tosubsection5.1.5.16wasissuedonJanuary14,2005.ForfurtherinformationontentativeinterimamendmentsseeSection5oftheNFPARegulationsGoverningCommitteeProjectsavailableat.
ThiseditionofNFPA99wasapprovedasanAmericanNationalStandardonFebruary7,2005.
OriginandDevelopmentofNFPA99
TheideaforthisdocumentgrewasthenumberofdocumentsundertheoriginalNFPACommitteeonHospitalsgrew.Bytheendof1980,thereexisted12documentsonavarietyofsubjects,11directlyaddressingfirerelatedproblemsinandabouthealthcarefacilities.Thesedocumentscoveredhealthcareemergencypreparedness,inhalationanesthetics,respiratorytherapy,laboratoriesinhealthrelatedinstitutions,hyperbaricfacilities,hypobaricfacilities,inhalationanestheticsinambulatorycarefacilities,homeuseofrespiratorytherapy,medicalsurgicalvacuumsystemsinhospitals,essentialelectricalsystemsforhealthcarefacilities,safeuseofelectricityinpatientcareareasofhealthcarefacilities,andsafeuseofhighfrequencyelectricity inhealthcarefacilities.
AhistoryonthedocumentsthatcoveredthesetopicscanbefoundintheOriginandDevelopmentofNFPA99inthe1984editionofNFPA99.
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WhatwasthentheHealthCareFacilitiesCorrelatingCommitteereviewedthematterbeginninginlate1979andconcludedthatcombiningallthedocumentsunderitsjurisdictionwouldbebeneficialtothosewhousedthosedocuments,forthefollowingreasons:
(1) Thereferenceddocumentswerebeingrevisedindependentlyofeachother.Combiningalltheindividualdocumentsintoonedocumentwouldplaceallofthemonthesamerevisioncycle.
(2) Itwouldplaceinoneunitmanydocumentsthatreferencedeachother.
(3) Itwouldbeaneasierandmorecompletereferenceforthevarioususersofthedocument(e.g.,hospitalengineers,medicalpersonnel,designersandarchitects,andthevarioustypesofenforcingauthorities).
Tolearnifthisproposalwasdesiredordesirabletousersoftheindividualdocuments,theCommitteeissuedarequestforpubliccommentsinthespringof1981,askingwhetherpurchasersoftheindividualdocumentsutilizedmorethanonedocumentinthecourseoftheiractivitiesandwhethercombiningtheseindividualdocumentswouldbebeneficial.Seventyfivepercentofresponsessupportedsuchaproposal,with90percentofhealthcarefacilitiesandorganizationssupportiveofit.Basedonthissupport,theCorrelatingCommitteeproceededwithplanstocombineallthedocumentsunderitsjurisdictionintoonedocument.
InJanuary,1982,acompilationofthelatesteditionofeachofthe12individualdocumentsunderthejurisdictionoftheCorrelatingCommitteewaspublished.ItwasdesignatedNFPA99,HealthCareFacilitiesCode.TheCorrelatingCommitteealsoenteredthedocumentintotherevisioncyclereportingtothe1983FallMeetingforthepurposeofformallyadoptingthedocument.
Forthe1984editionofNFPA99,inadditiontotechnicalchanges,administrativeandorganizationalchangesweremade.
Forthe1987editionofNFPA99,thethirdandfinalstepintheprocessofcombiningthepreviousindividualdocumentstookplacethatofintegratingthecontentoftheseindividualdocumentsintoacohesivedocument.Inaddition,therewereagaintechnicalchangesmade.The1987editionalsosawtheincorporationofNFPA56F,StandardonNonflammableMedicalPipedGasSystems,intoNFPA99.
Forthe1990editionofNFPA99,somestructuralchangesweremadeandsomemodifierswereaddedtomakeiteasiertodeterminewhererequirementsareapplicable.Technicalchangesmadeincludedthefollowing:correlationwithNFPA 101,LifeSafetyCodechangesforcompressedmedicalairsystemsontheuseofgaspoweredmedicaldevicesoperatingatagaugepressureof200psi,andpipedgassystemsingeneralchangesinleakagecurrentlimitsforpatientcareelectricalappliancesclarificationthatpatientcareareasandwetlocationsaremutuallyexclusiveandfurtherguidanceontheeffectsofadisasteronstaff.
Forthe1993editionofNFPA99therewerefurthereffortstomakethedocumentmoreuserfriendly(e.g.,placingallrecommendedguidanceeitherinnotesorintheappendix).Significanttechnicalchangesincludedthefollowing:addingrequirementsand
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recommendationstofurtherpreventorminimizefiresinoperatingroomsmakingmajorchangestorequirementsinChapter4forinstalling,testing,inspecting,verifying,andmaintainingnonflammablemedicalpipedgassystemsaddingnewsectionsondentalcompressedairanddentalvacuumrequirementsinChapter4changingleakagecurrentlimitsofpatientcarerelatedelectricalappliancestocorrelatemorecloselywithaninternationaldocumentonthesubjectrevisinglaboratoryrequirementstocorrelatemorecloselywithNFPA45,StandardforLaboratoriesUsingChemicalschangingessentialelectricalsystemrequirementsinambulatoryhealthcareclinicsandmedical/dentalofficesandextensivelyrevisinghyperbaricchamberrequirements(Chapter19).
Forthe1996editionofNFPA99,furtherchangestomakethedocumentmoreuserfriendlyweremade.TheseincludedrestructuringChapters3and4sothatallrequirementsforaType1,2,or3essentialelectricalsystem,oraLevel1,2,3,or4pipedgasorvacuumsystem,werecontainedinonesection.
Othertechnicalchangesincludedthefollowing:
(1) MovingrequirementsonflammableanesthetizinglocationsandtheuseofflammableinhalationanestheticstoanewAppendix2
(2) Upgradingthesubjectofemergencypreparednessfromguidancetoanewchaptercontainingrequirements
(3) Addinganewchapter(Chapter18)onhomehealthcare
(4) RevisingSection11toreflecttheintentthatNFPA99appliesonlytofacilitiestreatinghumanbeings
(5) InChapter3,revisingloadtestingrequirementsforemergencygeneratorstoreferenceNFPA110,StandardforEmergencyandStandbyPowerSystems,andrevisingemergencylightingcriteriaforoperatingrooms
(6) InChapter4,revisingrequirementsformedicalcompressedairsystems,dentalcompressedairsystems,wasteanestheticgasdisposalsystems,anddentalpipedgas/vacuumsystemsaddinganewsectiononheadwallunits(manufacturedassemblies)andclarifyingandmovingrequirementsfortransfillingcontainersofliquidoxygentoChapter8
(7) InChapter8,addingrequirementsforstorageroomscontainingcylindersandcontainerstotalinglessthan3000ft3
(8) InChapters12to17,revisingcriteriaforgasandvacuumsystems
(9) InChapter19,inadditiontomanytechnicalchanges,addingcriteriaformobilehyperbaricfacilities
Forthe1999edition,significanttechnicalandstructuralchangesincludedthefollowing:
(1) Chapters13,14,and15(onambulatoryhealthcarecenters,clinics,andmedical/dentaloffices,respectively)werereplacedcompletelybynewChapter13coveringhealthcarefacilitiesotherthanhospitals,nursinghomes,andlimitedcarefacilitiesasdefinedinChapter2.
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(2) RequirementsforLevel2gasandvacuumsystemsweredeveloped(Section4.4inChapter4).
(3) Subsections12.3.4,16.3.4,and7.3.4wererevisedtocorrelatewiththetwosignificantchangesin(1)and(2).
(4) InChapter3,loadtestingrequirementsforemergencypowersuppliesoftheessentialelectricalsystemwerechangedthroughreference,andthetestinginterval(monthly)wasrewordedtobemoreresponsivetoneedsofhealthcarefacilities.
(5) Clarificationoftransferswitchesandbranchesoftheemergencysystemwasmade.
(6) Clarificationontheuseofemergencypowersuppliesotherthanforemergencypowerwasmadein3.4.1.1.5.
(7) Paragraph4.3.1.2,DistributionRequirementsforLevel1GasSystems,wascompletelyrevisedandrestructured.
(8) Chapter4wasmademoreuserfriendlybyreducingthenumberofinternalcrossreferencesbetweenSections4.3and4.5.
(9) Theorderofinstallationandtestingrequirementsforpipedgasandvacuumsystemswasrevised.
(10) EmphasisonemergencypreparednesswasmadeinChapter11anditsappendixmaterial.
(11) Chapter19,HyperbaricFacilities,wasextensivelyrevisedintheareasofelectricalwiring,airquality,ventilationlighting,equipment,communication,andsafetymanagement.
(12) Anewchapter(Chapter20)onfreestandingbirthingcenterswasadded.
The2002editionincludedformatandtechnicalrevisions.TheManualofStyleforNFPATechnicalCommitteeDocuments,April2000edition,wasappliedtothisdocument,resultinginchangestoitsstructureandformat.IntroductorymaterialinChapter1wasformattedforconsistencyamongallNFPAdocuments.ReferencedpublicationsthatapplytothedocumentwererelocatedfromthelastchaptertoChapter2,resultingintherenumberingofchapters.Informationalreferencesremainedinthelastannex.Appendicesweredesignatedasannexes.DefinitionsinChapter3werereviewedforconsistencywithdefinitionsinotherNFPAdocuments,weresystematicallyaligned,andwereindividuallynumbered.Paragraphstructuringwasrevisedwiththeintentofonemandatoryrequirementpersection,subsection,orparagraph.InformationthatoftenaccompaniedmanyoftherequirementswasmovedtoAnnexA,ExplanatoryMaterial.Exceptionsweredeletedorrephrasedinmandatorytext,unlesstheexceptionrepresentedanallowanceorrequiredalternateproceduretoageneralrulewhenlimitedspecifiedconditionsexist.ThereformattedappearanceandstructureprovidedcontinuityamongNFPAdocuments,clarityofmandatorytext,andgreatereaseinlocatingspecificmandatorytext.
ThedocumentscopeandindividualchapterscopesdefiningtheintentofeachchapteranddocumentasawholewerelocatedinChapter1.
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TheoccupancyChapters1321statedwhatisrequired,whileChapters412prescribedhowthoserequirementsareachieved.Eachchapterbeganwithasectionexplainingapplicability.InformationconcerningthenatureofhazardswasmovedtoAnnexB.AnnexesAandCretainedexplanatoryinformation,andAnnexes1and2becameAnnexesDandE.InformationalreferenceswereinAnnexF.
ThechangesinChapter4,ElectricalSystems,addressedelectricalwiring,transferswitches,inspection,andapplication.
Chapter5onPipingSystemswasrealignedsothatLevel1requirementswerefoundinSection5.1,andconcurrentlyLevel2inSection5.2andLevel3inSection5.3.Level4associatedwithlaboratorieswasdeleted,withrequirementsrealignedinChapter11onlaboratories.DefinitionsweredevelopedforvacuumsystemsandLevels1,2,and3gassystemsinChapter3.Revisionsweremadetocompressedgascylinderidentificationandrestraintvalveventingventilationofstorageroomsalarmsconnectionoftheelectricalsupplyforcentralsupplysystemswiththeessentialelectricalsystemallowanceofathreewayfullportballvalvetoisolateonebranchorcomponentprovisionsforamonitoredandaudiblelowcontentalarmonthesurgegaswhilebrazingtheallowanceofmedicalairsystemsforapplicationwithhumanrespirationanddeletionof20yearoldappendixinformation.
GasDelivery,Chapter8,includedanewsectiononthestorageofcompressedgascylindersinpatientcareareas.
Chapter11,Laboratories,clarifiedthestructuralprotectionofexits,andintentofportablefireextinguishers.Revisionsweremadeconcerningflammableandcombustibleliquidshandlingrequirements.
Anincreasedfocusonthetotalprocessofmaintainingservicesduringadisaster,mitigatingdamagefromadisaster,andrecoveryfromadisasterwasreflectedinChapter12,EmergencyManagement.Annexedsecurityprograminformationwasexpanded.
Chapter20,HyperbaricFacilities,containedrevisedemergencydepressurizationrequirements,safetydirectorresponsibilities,andemergencyprocedureperformance.
Thechangesmadetothe2005editionaremainlyforclarity,andareeditorialinnature.InChapter3,thedefinitionsformedicalgas,patientmedicalgas,andmedicalsupportgashavebeenmodifiedtodifferentiatebetweenthedifferenttypesofgases.
InChapter4,therequirementsforswitchesandreceptaclesinanesthetizinglocationshavebeenmovedtoChapter13,HospitalRequirements.TheextractedmaterialfromNFPA110,StandardforEmergencyandStandbyPowerSystems,hasbeenupdated.
InChapter5,therequirementsforconstructionmaterialsforfilters,dryers,regulators,vacuumpumps,andaftercoolershavebeenchangedtoallowthemanufacturerstochoosethematerials.
Acentralizedcomputerisnowallowedtobeusedinlieuofoneofthemasteralarms.Cylindersareallowedtobefittedwithameanstoslowtheinitialopeningpressure.Therequirementtoindividuallysecurethecylindershasbeenchangedtonolongerrequirethe
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cylinderstobesecuredindividually.Twonewmethodsformakingjointshavebeenaddedtotherequirements.Stainlesssteeltubinghasbeenaddedasanapprovedmaterialforvacuumsystems.Therequirementtobrazeajointwithin1houraftercleaninghasbeenchangedto8hours.Vacuumjointsmustbeleaktested,andoperationalpressuretestingcannowbeconductedwiththesourcegas.
Chapters6,7,8,9,10,and11haveundergoneminorchangesforclarityorforeditorialreasons.
Chapter12hasbeenrevisedtoupdatethetechniquesusedinemergencymanagementinhealthcarefacilities.
InChapters13,14,15,16,17,18,and19editorialcorrectionshavebeenmade.
Chapter20hasbeenrevisedtoheatingandventilationchangesinthechamber.Additionalrestrictionstothetypesofmaterialsthatareallowedinthechamberhavebeenadded.
TechnicalCorrelatingCommitteeonHealthCareFacilities(HEAAAC)
DouglasS.Erickson,ChairAmericanSocietyforHealthcareEngineering,VI[U]Rep.AmericanSocietyforHealthcareEngineering
ConstanceBobik,B&EFireSafetyEquipmentInc.,FL[IM]
WayneL.Brannan, MedicalUniversityofSouthCarolina,SC[U]Rep.AmericanSocietyofSafetyEngineers
MichaelA.Crowley, TheRJAGroup,Inc.,TX[U]Rep.NFPAHealthCareSection
RichardE.Cutts, U.S.AirForce,TX[E]
JoshuaW.Elvove, U.S.DepartmentofVeteransAffairs,CO[U]Rep.U.S.DepartmentofVeteransAffairs
MarvinJ.Fischer,MonroeTownship,NJ[U]
ThomasW.Gardner,SchirmerEngineeringCorporation,GA[I]
JamesR.Grimm, CDiEngineers,WA[SE]
WilliamE.Koffel,KoffelAssociates,Inc.,MD[SE]
GeorgeF.Stevens, U.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices,AZ[E]Rep.U.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices/IHS
MayerD.Zimmerman,U.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices,MD[E]
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Rep.U.S.DepartmentofHealth&HumanServices/HCFA
Alternates
EugenePhillips, RiskManagementResources,AZ[SE](Alt.toW.L.Brannan)
W.ThomasSchipper, KaiserFoundationHealthPlan,CA[U](Alt.toD.S.Erickson)
SharonStoneGilyeat, KoffelAssociates,Inc.,MD[SE](Alt.toW.E.Koffel)
RichardP.Bielen, NFPAStaffLiaison
ThislistrepresentsthemembershipatthetimetheCommitteewasballotedonthefinaltextofthisedition.Sincethattime,changesinthemembershipmayhaveoccurred.Akeytoclassificationsisfoundatthebackofthedocument.
NOTE:MembershiponacommitteeshallnotinandofitselfconstituteanendorsementoftheAssociationoranydocumentdevelopedbythecommitteeonwhichthememberserves.
CommitteeScope:ThisCommitteeshallhaveprimaryresponsibilityfordocumentsthatcontaincriteriaforsafeguardingpatientsandhealthcarepersonnelinthedeliveryofhealthcareserviceswithinhealthcarefacilities,asfollows:
(1) Fromfire,explosion,electrical,andrelatedhazardsresultingeitherfromtheuseofanestheticagents,medicalgasequipment,electricalapparatus,andhighfrequencyelectricity,orfrominternalorexternalincidentsthatdisruptnormalpatientcare
(2) Fromfireandexplosionhazardsassociatedwithlaboratorypractices
(3) Inconnectionwiththeuseofhyperbaricandhypobaricfacilities(NFPA99B)formedicalpurposes
(4) Throughperformance,maintenance,andtestingcriteriaforelectricalsystems,bothnormalandessential
(5) Throughperformance,maintenanceandtesting,andinstallationcriteria,asfollows:
(a) Forvacuumsystemsformedicalorsurgicalpurposes
(b) Formedicalgassystems
TechnicalCommitteeonAdministration(HEAADM)(Chapters1,2,3,and7,andrelatedparagraphsinChapters414and1721)
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MichaelA.Crowley,ChairTheRJAGroup,Inc.,TX[SE]
JamesS.Davidson,Jr.,DavidsonAssociates,DE[SE]
AugustF.DiManno,Jr.,FiremansFundInsuranceCompany,NY[I]
WilliamC.McPeck,StateofMaineEmployeeHealthandSafety,ME[E]
MarkA.Trudzinski, U.S.ArmyMedicalCommand,TX[U]
Alternates
WilliamM.Dorfler, TheRJAGroup,Inc.,IL[SE](Alt.toM.A.Crowley)
RichardP.Bielen, NFPAStaffLiaison
ThislistrepresentsthemembershipatthetimetheCommitteewasballotedonthefinaltextofthisedition.Sincethattime,changesinthemembershipmayhaveoccurred.Akeytoclassificationsisfoundatthebackofthedocument.
NOTE:MembershiponacommitteeshallnotinandofitselfconstituteanendorsementoftheAssociationoranydocumentdevelopedbythecommitteeonwhichthememberserves.
CommitteeScope:ThisCommitteeshallhaveprimaryresponsibilityfordocumentsorportionsofdocumentsonthescope,application,andintendeduseofdocumentsundertheHealthCareFacilitiesProject,aswellasdefinitionsnotassignedtoothercommitteesintheHealthCareFacilitiesProject.
TechnicalCommitteeonElectricalEquipment(HEAELE)(Chapters8,10,andrelatedparagraphsinChapters13,14,17,18,19,21,andAnnex
D)
LawrenceS.Sandler,ChairV.A.MedicalCenter,CA[U]
SaulAronow,Waban,MA[SE]
YadinDavid,TexasChildrensHospital,TX[U]
AlbertG.Garlatti,IntertekTestingServicesNAInc.,MN[RT]
AlanLipschultz,ChristianaCareHealthServices,DE[SE]Rep.AssociationfortheAdvancementofMedicalInstrumentation
JamesA.Meyer,PettisMemorialVAHospital,CA[C]
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Rep.AmericanSocietyofAnesthesiologists
JosephP.Murnane,UnderwritersLaboratoriesInc.,NY[RT]
LawrenceS.Sandler,U.S.DepartmentofVeteransAffairs,CA[U]
GeorgeF.Stevens,U.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices,AZ[E]
MichaelVelvikis,HighVoltageMaintenanceCorporation,WI[IM]Rep.InterNationalElectricalTestingAssociationInc.
RobertF.Willey,III,SiemensMedicalSystems,Inc.,NJ[M]Rep.HealthIndustryManufacturersAssociation
Alternates
RalphE.Patterson,SETAACTesting,NC[IM](Alt.toM.Velvikis)
DaleWoodin,AmericanSocietyforHealthcareEngineering,IL[U](Alt.toASHERep.)
RichardP.Bielen, NFPAStaffLiaison
ThislistrepresentsthemembershipatthetimetheCommitteewasballotedonthefinaltextofthisedition.Sincethattime,changesinthemembershipmayhaveoccurred.Akeytoclassificationsisfoundatthebackofthedocument.
NOTE:MembershiponacommitteeshallnotinandofitselfconstituteanendorsementoftheAssociationoranydocumentdevelopedbythecommitteeonwhichthememberserves.
CommitteeScope:ThisCommitteeshallhaveprimaryresponsibilityfordocumentsorportionsofdocumentscoveringthemaintenance,performance,andtestingofequipmentforthepurposeofsafeguardingpatientsandstaffwithinpatientcareareasofhealth carefacilitiesfromthehazardsoffire,explosion,electricity,nonionizingradiation,heat,andelectricalinterference.
TechnicalCommitteeonElectricalSystems(HEAELS)(Chapter4andrelatedparagraphsinChapters13,14,17,18,and21)
HughO.Nash,Jr.,ChairNashLipseyBurch,LLC,TN[SE]
ScottC.Brockman,PostGloverLifeLink,KY[M]
DanChisholm,HealthcareEngineeringNetwork,FL[IM]
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JamesH.Costley,Jr.,Newcomb&Boyd,GA[SE]Rep.NFPAHealthCareSection
RichardE.Cutts, U.S.AirForce,TX[E]
HerbertDaugherty,ElectricGeneratingSystemsAssociation,NJ[U]Rep.ElectricalGeneratingSystemsAssociation
JamesR.Iverson,OnanCorporation,MN[M]
LarryLau, U.S.DepartmentofVeteransAffairs,DC[U]Rep.U.S.DepartmentofVeteransAffairs
EdwardA.Lobnitz,TLCEngineeringforArchitecture,FL[SE]
JamesE.Meade, U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers,MD[U]
JosephP.Murnane,UnderwritersLaboratoriesInc.,NY[RT]
RonaldM.Smidt,CarolinasHealthCareSystem,NC[U]Rep.AmericanSocietyforHealthcareEngineering
MichaelVelvikis,HighVoltageMaintenanceCorporation,WI[IM]Rep.InterNationalElectricalTestingAssociationInc.
WalterN.Vernon,IV, Mazzetti&AssociatesInc.,CA[SE]
Alternates
LawrenceA.Bey,CumminsWestHawaiiDivision,HI[M](Alt.toJ.R.Iverson)
DouglasS.Erickson,AmericanSocietyforHealthcareEngineering,VI[U](Alt.toR.M.Smidt)
DonaldR.Morelli, TLCEngineeringforArchitecture,FL[SE](Alt.toE.A.Lobnitz)
JeffreyL.Steplowski,U.S.DepartmentofVeteransAffairs,DC[E](Alt.toL.Lau)
HowardStickley, U.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers,DC[U](Alt.toJ.E.Meade)
HerbertV.Whittall, ElectricalGeneratingSystemsAssociation,FL[U](Alt.toH.Daugherty)
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RichardP.Bielen, NFPAStaffLiaison
ThislistrepresentsthemembershipatthetimetheCommitteewasballotedonthefinaltextofthisedition.Sincethattime,changesinthemembershipmayhaveoccurred.Akeytoclassificationsisfoundatthebackofthedocument.
NOTE:MembershiponacommitteeshallnotinandofitselfconstituteanendorsementoftheAssociationoranydocumentdevelopedbythecommitteeonwhichthememberserves.
CommitteeScope:ThisCommitteeshallhaveprimaryresponsibilityfordocumentsorportionsofdocumentscoveringperformance,maintenance,andtestingofelectricalsystemsforthepurposeofsafeguardingpatients,staff,andvisitorswithinhealthcarefacilities.
TechnicalCommitteeonGasDeliveryEquipment(HEAGAS)(Chapter9andrelatedparagraphsinChapters6,13,14,17,18,19,21,andAnnexE)
YadinDavid, ChairTexasChildrensHospital,TX[U]
JayCrowley,U.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices,MD[E]
RichardE.Hoffman,Hoffman&Associates,Inc.,KS[M]Rep.AlliedHealthcareProducts,Inc.
AlanLipschultz,ChristianaCareHealthServices,DE[SE]Rep.AssociationfortheAdvancementofMedicalInstrumentation
GeorgeMills,MMEC,Ltd.,IL[U]Rep.AmericanSocietyforHealthcareEngineering
DwightR.(DAK)Quarles,InstituteofExerciseandEnvironmentalMedicine,TX[U]
JayR.Sommers,KimberlyClarkCorporation,GA[M]
RobertM.Sutter, BOCGases,NJ[M]Rep.CompressedGasAssociation
GeraldL.Wolf, SUNY/HSCB,Brooklyn,NY[C]Rep.AmericanSocietyofAnesthesiologists
RichardP.Bielen, NFPAStaffLiaison
ThislistrepresentsthemembershipatthetimetheCommitteewasballotedonthefinaltextofthisedition.Sincethattime,changesinthemembershipmayhaveoccurred.Akeytoclassificationsisfoundatthebackofthedocument.
NOTE:MembershiponacommitteeshallnotinandofitselfconstituteanendorsementoftheAssociationoranydocumentdevelopedbythecommitteeonwhichthememberserves.
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CommitteeScope:ThisCommitteeshallhaveprimaryresponsibilityfordocumentsorportionsofdocumentsontheperformanceandmaintenancecriteriaforsafeguardingpatientsandhealthcarepersonnelfromfire,explosion,electrical,andrelatedhazardsinanesthetizinglocationsinvolvingtheadministrationofbothflammableandnonflammableanesthetics,includingequipmentandfacilitiesancillarytheretoandtheperformance,maintenance,andtestingofpatientrelatedgasequipmentforthepurposeofsafeguardingpatientsandstaffwithinhealthcarefacilities.
TechnicalCommitteeonHealthCareEmergencyManagement(HEAHCE)(Chapter12andrelatedparagraphsinChapters13,14,17,and18)
RussellPhillips,ChairRussellPhillips&Associates,Inc.,NY[SE]
PeteBrewster,U.S.DeptartmentofVeteransAffairs,IN[U]Rep.U.S.DepartmentofVeteransAffairs
SteveEnnis,TheReciprocalGroup,VA[I]
CurtFogel,NorthDakotaDepartmentofHealth,ND[I]
JamesC.Kendig,Jr., HealthFirst,FL[U]
DavidJ.Kitchin,Milcare,AZ[M]
WilliamC.McPeck,StateofMaineEmployeeHealthandSafety,ME[E]
ThomasA.Salamone,HealthCare&LifeSafetyConcepts,NY[SE]
W.ThomasSchipper,KaiserFoundationHealthPlan,CA[U]Rep.AmericanSocietyforHealthcareEngineering
MichaelL.Sinsigalli,WindsorLocksFireDepartment,CT[E]
GregoryE.Spahr,LossPreventionServices,Inc.,CA[SE]
StevenVargo,RaritanBayMedicalCenter,NJ[U]
RonaldW.Woodfin,TetraTek,Inc.FireSafetyTechnologies,TX[SE]
Alternates
MonteEngel, NorthDakotaDepartmentofHealth,ND[E](Alt.toC.Fogel)
A.RichardFasano,RussellPhillips&Associates,Inc.,CA[SE]
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(Alt.toR.Phillips)
DavidM.Hope, TetraTekInc.FireSafetyTechnologies,TN[SE](Alt.toR.W.Woodfin)
RobertL.Hutchinson,Jr. U.S.DepartmentofVeteransAffairs,NY[U](Alt.toP.Brewster)
SusanB.McLaughlin,SBMConsultingLimited,IL[U](Alt.toW.T.Schipper)
RichardP.Bielen, NFPAStaffLiaison
ThislistrepresentsthemembershipatthetimetheCommitteewasballotedonthefinaltextofthisedition.Sincethattime,changesinthemembershipmayhaveoccurred.Akeytoclassificationsisfoundatthebackofthedocument.
NOTE:MembershiponacommitteeshallnotinandofitselfconstituteanendorsementoftheAssociationoranydocumentdevelopedbythecommitteeonwhichthememberserves.
CommitteeScope:ThisCommitteeshallhaveprimaryresponsibilityfordocumentsorportionsofdocumentscoveringtheperformanceofhealthcarefacilitiesunderdiasterconditions.
TechnicalCommitteeonHyperbaricandHypobaricFacilities(HEAHYP)(Chapter20andNFPA99B)
WilburT.Workman,ChairUndersea&HyperbaricMedicalSociety,TX[U]Rep.Undersea&HyperbaricMedicalSociety
PeterAtkinson,HyperbaricTechnical&NursesAssociationInc.,Australia[U]
RichardC.Barry, DiversifiedTherapy,FL[SE]
HaroldD.Beeson,U.S.NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration,NM[RT]
WilliamH.L.Dornette,Kensington,MD[SE]
ChristyForeman,U.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices,MD[E]
W.T.Gurne,OxyHealHealthGroup,CA[M]
RobertW.Hamilton,HamiltonResearchLtd.,NY[M]
EricP.Kindwall,MedicalCollegeofWisconsin,WI[U]
MichaelD.Martin,FordMotorCompany,MI[U]
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BarryNewton,WandellHull&Associates,NM[SE]
RussellE.Peterson, EnvironmentalTectonicsCorporation,PA[M]
StephenD.Reimers,ReimersSystems,Inc.,VA[M]
EricA.Schinazi, DukeUniversityMedicalCenter,NC[U]
RobertF.Schumacher,NthSystemsIncorporated,NC[M]
J.RonaldSechrist,SechristIndustries,CA[M]
PaulJ.Sheffield,InternationalATMO,Inc.,TX[U]
HarryG.Vincent, TotalWoundTreatmentCenter,TX[C]Rep.BaromedicalNursesAssociation
Alternates
MichaelW.Allen, EnvironmentalTectonicsCorporation,PA[M](Alt.toR.E.Peterson)
GlennJ.Butler, LifeSupportTechnologies,Inc.,NY[M](Alt.toR.W.Hamilton)
RubenD.Campuzano, Undersea&HyperbaricMedicalSociety,CA[U](Alt.toW.T.Workman)
GregGodfrey,SechristIndustries,Inc.,CA[M](Alt.toJ.R.Sechrist)
RobertB.Sheffield,InternationalATMO,Inc.,TX[U](Alt.toP.J.Sheffield)
EllenC.Smithline,BaystateMedicalCenter,MA[C](Alt.toH.G.Vincent)
JoannaH.Weitershausen,U.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices,MD[E](Alt.toC.Foreman)
HarryT.Whelan,MedicalCollegeofWisconsin,WI[U](Alt.toE.P.Kindwall)
LarryL.Wischhoefer,ReimersSystems,Inc.,WA[M](Alt.toS.D.Reimers)
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RichardP.Bielen, NFPAStaffLiaison
ThislistrepresentsthemembershipatthetimetheCommitteewasballotedonthefinaltextofthisedition.Sincethattime,changesinthemembershipmayhaveoccurred.Akeytoclassificationsisfoundatthebackofthedocument.
NOTE:MembershiponacommitteeshallnotinandofitselfconstituteanendorsementoftheAssociationoranydocumentdevelopedbythecommitteeonwhichthememberserves.
CommitteeScope:ThisCommitteeshallhaveprimaryresponsibilityfordocumentsorportionsofdocumentscoveringtheconstruction,installation,testing,performance,andmaintenanceofhyperbaricandhypobaricfacilitiesforsafeguardingstaffandoccupantsofchambers.
TechnicalCommitteeonLaboratories(HEALAB)(Chapter11andrelatedparagraphsinChapters6,13,14,17,and18)
SusanB.McLaughlin,ChairSBMConsulting,Ltd.,IL[U]
Rep.AmericanSocietyforHealthcareEngineering
JamesF.Barth,FIREPRO,Incorporated,MA[SE]
JohnFrancisCapron,III,TheClevelandClinicFoundation,OH[U]
JohnP.McCabe,U.S.NationalInstitutesofHealth,MD[E]
JosephineSimmons,U.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices,MD[E]
JamesO.Wear,U.S.DepartmentofVeteransAffairs,AR[U]Rep.NFPAHealthCareSection
Alternates
CarolJacobson,OhioStateUniversityMedicalCenter,OH[U](Alt.toS.B.McLaughlin)
JudithA.Yost,U.S.DepartmentofHealthandHumanServices,MD[E](Alt.toJ.Simmons)
RichardP.Bielen, NFPAStaffLiaison
ThislistrepresentsthemembershipatthetimetheCommitteewasballotedonthefinaltextofthisedition.Sincethattime,changesinthemembershipmayhaveoccurred.Akeytoclassificationsisfoundatthebackofthedocument.
NOTE:Membershiponacommitteeshallnotinandofitselfconstituteanendorsementof
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theAssociationoranydocumentdevelopedbythecommitteeonwhichthememberserves.
CommitteeScope:ThisCommitteeshallhaveprimaryresponsibilityfordocumentsorportionsofdocumentscoveringthemaintenanceofequipmentandenvironmentforthepurposeofsafeguardingpatients,visitors,andstaffwithinlaboratoriesinhealthcarefacilities.
TechnicalCommitteeonPipingSystems(HEAPIP)(Chapter5andrelatedparagraphsinChapters13,14,17,18,and21)(SectionsinChapter5coveringgassystemsaresubmittedtotheTechnicalCommitteeon
IndustrialandMedicalGasesforconcurrencebeforesubmittaltotheAssociationforaction)
DavidB.Mohile, ChairMedicalEngineeringServices,Inc.,VA[SE]
MarkW.Allen,BeaconMedical,NC[M]
ChristopherBernecker, H.T.Lyons,Incorporated,PA[IM]
DavidL.Brittain,PROVAC,OH[M]
RichardE.Cutts, U.S.AirForce,TX[E]
JamesS.Davidson,Jr.,DavidsonAssociates,DE[SE]
DouglasS.Erickson, AmericanSocietyforHealthcareEngineering,VI[U]Rep.AmericanSocietyforHealthcareEngineering
PeterEsherick,PatientInstrumentationCorporation,PA[SE]
P.L.Fan,AmericanDentalAssociation,IL[U]
MichaelFrankel,UtilitySystemsConsultants,NJ[SE]Rep.AmericanSocietyofPlumbingEngineers
EdwardD.Golla TRI/Airtesting,TX[RT]
BurtonR.Klein, BurtonKleinAssociates,MA[SE]
DavidEricLees,GeorgetownUniversityMedicalCenter,DC[C]Rep.AmericanSocietyofAnesthesiologists
MichaelT.Massey, NationalITCCorporation,CA[L]
RichardL.Miller,MedicalGasTechnologyInc.,NC[SE]
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ThomasJ.Mraulak,MetroDetroitPlumbingIndustryTrainingCenter,MI[L]Rep.AmericanSocietyofSanitaryEngineering
FredC.Quarnstrom,Seattle,WA[U]Rep.AmericanDentalAssociation
E.DanielShoemaker,Matrx,AZ[M]
RonaldM.Smidt,CarolinasHealthCareSystem,NC[U]Rep.NFPAHealthCareSection
EdwardK.Stevenson,LibertyMutualPropertyInsuranceCompany,MA[I]Rep.AllianceofAmericanInsurers
RobertM.Sutter, BOCGases,NJ[M]Rep.CompressedGasAssociation
J.RichardWagner,Poole&KentCompany,MD[IM]Rep.MechanicalContractorsAssociationofAmerica,Inc.
CraigB.Williams,LifeMedicalNetworksInc.,GA[SE]
Alternates
DavidD.Eastman,MetroDetroitPlumbingIndustryTrainingCenter,MI[L](Alt.toT.J.Mraulak)
DavidEsherick,PatientInstrumentationCorporation,PA[SE](Alt.toP.Esherick)
KeithFerrari, Praxair,NC[M](Alt.toR.M.Sutter)
JamesA.Meyer,PettisMemorialVAHospital,CA[C](Alt.toD.E.Lees)
CurtisL.Mezzic, NationalITCCorporation,LA[L](Alt.toM.T.Massey)
DanielN.Miller, MedicalGasTechnologyInc.,NC[SE](Alt.toR.L.Miller)
KennethJ.Muzal, LibertyMutualInsuranceCompany,MA[I](Alt.toE.K.Stevenson)
SharonStanford,AmericanDentalAssociation,IL[U]
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(Alt.toP.L.Fan)
ChristopherSwayze,TheShermanEngineeringCompany,PA[M](Alt.toM.W.Allen)
DaleWoodin,AmericanSocietyforHealthcareEngineering,IL[U](Alt.toD.S.Erickson)
RichardP.Bielen, NFPAStaffLiaison
ThislistrepresentsthemembershipatthetimetheCommitteewasballotedonthefinaltextofthisedition.Sincethattime,changesinthemembershipmayhaveoccurred.Akeytoclassificationsisfoundatthebackofthedocument.
NOTE:MembershiponacommitteeshallnotinandofitselfconstituteanendorsementoftheAssociationoranydocumentdevelopedbythecommitteeonwhichthememberserves.
CommitteeScope:ThisCommitteeshallhaveprimaryresponsibilityfordocumentsorportionsofdocumentscoveringtheperformance,maintenance,installation,andtestingofmedicalanddentalrelatedgaspipingsystemsandmedicalanddentalrelatedvacuum pipingsystems.
NFPA99Standardfor
HealthCareFacilities2005Edition
IMPORTANTNOTE:ThisNFPAdocumentismadeavailableforusesubjecttoimportantnoticesandlegaldisclaimers.ThesenoticesanddisclaimersappearinallpublicationscontainingthisdocumentandmaybefoundundertheheadingImportantNoticesandDisclaimersConcerningNFPADocuments.TheycanalsobeobtainedonrequestfromNFPAorviewedatwww.nfpa.org/disclaimers.
NOTICE:Anasterisk(*)followingthenumberorletterdesignatingaparagraphindicatesthatexplanatorymaterialontheparagraphcanbefoundinAnnexA.
Changesotherthaneditorialareindicatedbyaverticalrulebesidetheparagraph,table,orfigureinwhichthechangeoccurred.Theserulesareincludedasanaidtotheuserinidentifyingchangesfromthepreviousedition.Whereoneormorecompleteparagraphshavebeendeleted,thedeletionisindicatedbyabullet()betweentheparagraphsthatremain.
Areferenceinbrackets[]followingasectionorparagraphindicatesmaterialthathasbeenextractedfromanotherNFPAdocument.Asanaidtotheuser,thecompletetitleandeditionofthesourcedocumentsformandatoryextractsaregiveninChapter2andthosefornonmandatoryextractsaregiveninAnnexG.Editorialchangestoextractedmaterialconsistofrevisingreferencestoanappropriatedivisioninthisdocumentortheinclusionofthedocumentnumberwiththedivisionnumberwhenthereferenceistotheoriginaldocument.Requestsforinterpretationsorrevisionsofextractedtextshallbesenttothetechnical
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committeeresponsibleforthesourcedocument.
InformationonreferencedpublicationscanbefoundinChapter2andAnnexG.
FurtherexplanatoryinformationonChapters1through20canbefoundinAnnexC.
Chapter1Administration
1.1Scope.
1.1.1 Thescopeofthisdocumentistoestablishcriteriatominimizethehazardsoffire,explosion,andelectricityinhealthcarefacilitiesprovidingservicestohumanbeings.
1.1.2 Annex Dcoversprinciplesofdesignanduseofelectricalandelectronicappliancesgeneratinghighfrequencycurrentsformedicaltreatmentinhospitals,clinics,ambulatorycarefacilities,anddentaloffices,whetherfixedormobile.
1.1.2.1AreasNotAddressed.Thefollowingareasarenotaddressed:
(1) Communicationequipment,resuscitationequipment(e.g.,defibrillators),orphysiologicalstimulators(e.g.,usedforanesthesia,acupuncture)
(2) Experimentalorresearchapparatusbuilttoorder,orunderdevelopment,providedsuchapparatusisusedunderqualifiedsupervisionandprovidedthebuilderdemonstratestotheauthorityhavingjurisdictionthattheapparatushasadegreeofsafetyequivalenttothatdescribedinAnnex D
1.1.3 Annex Eretainstheestablishedrequirementsthatwouldbenecessaryforthesafeuseofflammableinhalationanestheticsshouldtheuseofthistypeofanestheticbereinstituted.
1.1.4 Chapter4,ElectricalSystems,coverstheperformance,maintenance,andtestingofelectricalsystems(bothnormalandessential)usedwithinhealthcarefacilities.
1.1.4.1AreasNotAddressedinChapter4.ThefollowingareasarenotaddressedinNFPA99,butareaddressedinotherNFPAdocuments:
(1) Specificrequirementsforwiringandinstallationonequipmentarecoveredin NFPA70,NationalElectricalCode.
(2) Requirementsforilluminationandidentificationofmeansofegressinhealthcarefacilitiesarecoveredin NFPA 101,LifeSafetyCode.
(3) Requirementsforfireprotectionsignalingsystems.
(4) Requirementsforfirepumpsarecoveredin NFPA20,StandardfortheInstallationofStationaryPumpsforFireProtection,exceptthatthealternatesourceofpowershallbepermittedtobetheessentialelectricalsystem.
(5) RequirementsfortheinstallationofstationaryenginesandgasturbinesarecoveredinNFPA37,StandardfortheInstallationandUseofStationaryCombustionEnginesandGasTurbines.
1.1.5 Chapter5,GasandVacuumSystems,coverstheperformance,maintenance,
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installation,andtestingofthefollowing:
(1) Nonflammablemedicalgassystemswithoperatingpressuresbelowagaugepressureof2068kPa(300psi)
(2) Vacuumsystemsusedwithinhealthcarefacilities
(3) Wasteanestheticgasdisposal(WAGD)systems,alsoreferredtoasscavenging
(4) Manufacturedassembliesthatareintendedforconnectiontothemedicalgas,vacuum,orWAGDsystems(alsoreferredtoasscavenging)
1.1.5.1AreasNotAddressedinChapter5.RequirementsforportablecompressedgassystemsarecoveredinChapter9,GasEquipment.
1.1.6 Chapter6,EnvironmentalSystems,coverstheperformance,maintenance,andtestingoftheenvironmentalsystemsusedwithinhealthcarefacilities.
1.1.7 Chapter7,Materials,coversthehazardsassociatedwiththeuseofflammableandcombustiblematerialsusedwithinhealthcarefacilities.
1.1.8 Chapter8,ElectricalEquipment,coverstheperformance,maintenance,andtestingofelectricalequipmentusedwithinhealthcarefacilities.
1.1.9 Chapter9,GasEquipment,coverstheperformance,maintenance,andtestingofgasequipmentusedwithinhealthcarefacilities.
1.1.10 Chapter10,ManufacturerRequirements,coverstheperformance,maintenance,andtesting,withregardtosafety,requiredofmanufacturersofequipmentusedwithinhealthcarefacilities.
1.1.11 Chapter11,Laboratories,establishescriteriatominimizethehazardsoffireandexplosionsinlaboratories,asdefinedinChapter3.
1.1.11.1AreasNotAddressedinChapter11.Subsection 1.1.11isnotintendedtocoverhazardsresultingfromanyofthefollowing:
(1) Chemicals
(2) Radioactivematerials
(3)* Biologicalmaterialsthatwillnotresultinfiresorexplosions
1.1.12* Chapter12,HealthCareEmergencyManagement,establishesminimumcriteriaforhealthcarefacilityemergencymanagementinthedevelopmentofaprogramforeffectivedisasterpreparedness,response,mitigation,andrecovery.
1.1.13 Chapter13,HospitalRequirements,addressessafetyrequirementsofhospitals.
1.1.14 Chapter14,OtherHealthCareFacilities,addressessafetyrequirementsforfacilities,orportionsthereof,thatprovidediagnosticandtreatmentservicestopatientsinhealthcarefacilities.Requirementsforspecifichealthcarefacilitiesareaddressedinthefollowingchapters:
(1) HospitalsChapter13
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(2) NursinghomesChapter17
(3) LimitedcarefacilitiesChapter18
1.1.15 Reserved.
1.1.16 Reserved.
1.1.17 Chapter17,NursingHomeRequirements,addressessafetyrequirementsofnursinghomes.
1.1.18 Chapter18,LimitedCareFacilityRequirements,coverssafetyrequirementsoflimitedcarefacilities.
1.1.19 Chapter19,ElectricalandGasEquipmentforHomeCare,addressestherequirementsforthesafeuseofelectricalandgasequipmentusedforhomecaremedicaltreatment.
1.1.20* Chapter20,HyperbaricFacilities,coverstherecognitionofandprotectionagainsthazardsofanelectrical,explosive,orimplosivenature,aswellasfirehazardsassociatedwithhyperbaricchambersandassociatedfacilitiesthatareused,orintendedtobeused,formedicalapplicationsandexperimentalproceduresatgaugepressuresfrom0to690kPa(0to100psi).Chapter20appliestobothsingleandmultipleoccupancyhyperbaricchamberstoanimalchambers,thesizeofwhichprecludeshumanoccupancyandtothoseinwhichthechamberatmospherecontainsanoxygenpartialpressuregreaterthananabsolutepressureof21.3kPa(3.09psi)(0.21atmospheres).
1.1.21 Chapter21,FreestandingBirthingCenters,addressestherequirementsforthesafeuseofelectricalandgasequipment,andforelectrical,gas,andvacuumsystemsusedforthedeliveryandcareofinfantsinfreestandingbirthingcenters.
1.2Purpose.
1.2.1 Thepurposeofthisstandardistoprovideminimumrequirementsfortheperformance,maintenance,testing,andsafepracticesforfacilities,material,equipment,andappliances,includingotherhazardsassociatedwiththeprimaryhazards.
1.3Application.
1.3.1 Thisdocumentshallapplytoallhealthcarefacilities.
1.3.2 Constructionandequipmentrequirementsshallbeappliedonlytonewconstructionandnewequipment,exceptasmodifiedinindividualchapters.Onlythealtered,renovated,ormodernizedportionofanexistingsystemorindividualcomponentshallberequiredtomeettheinstallationandequipmentrequirementsstatedinthisstandard.Ifthealteration,renovation,ormodernizationadverselyimpactsexistingperformancerequirementsofasystemorcomponent,additionalupgradingshallberequired.
1.3.3 Chapters13through 19specifytheconditionsunderwhichtherequirementsofChapters4through 12shallapplyinChapters13through 19.
1.3.4 Thisdocumentisintendedforusebythosepersonsinvolvedinthedesign,
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construction,inspection,andoperationofhealthcarefacilitiesandinthedesign,manufacture,andtestingofappliancesandequipmentusedinpatientcareareasofhealthcarefacilities.Nonflammablepipedmedicalgasescoveredbythisdocumentinclude,butarenotlimitedto,oxygen,nitrogen,nitrousoxide,medicalair,carbondioxide,andhelium.
1.4Equivalency.
1.4.1 Theauthorityhavingjurisdictionfortheenforcementofthisdocumentshallbepermittedtograntexceptionstoitsrequirements.
1.4.2 Nothinginthisstandardisintendedtopreventtheuseofsystems,methods,ordevicesofequivalentorsuperiorquality,strength,fireresistance,effectiveness,durability,andsafetytothoseprescribedbythisstandard.Technicaldocumentation shallbesubmittedtotheauthorityhavingjurisdictiontodemonstrateequivalency.Thesystem,method,ordeviceshallbeapprovedfortheintendedpurposebytheauthorityhavingjurisdiction.
1.5UnitsandFormulas.
1.5.1* Primaryunitswillbetradeunits,secondarywillbetheconversion.Althoughitiscommonpracticeformedicalappliancestohavemetricunitsontheirdials,gauges,andcontrols,manycomponentsofsystemswithinthescopeofthisdocument,whicharemanufacturedandusedintheUnitedStates,employnonmetricdimensions.Sincethesedimensions(suchasnominalpipesizes)arenotestablishedbytheNationalFireProtectionAssociation,theTechnicalCorrelatingCommitteeonHealthCareFacilitiescannotindependentlychangethem.Accordingly,thisdocumentusesdimensionsthatarepresentlyincommonusebythebuildingtradesintheUnitedStates.
1.6StandardAdoptionRequirements.
1.6.1 TheeffectivedateofapplicationofanyprovisionofthisdocumentisnotdeterminedbytheNationalFireProtectionAssociation.Allquestionsrelatedtoapplicabilityshallbedirectedtotheauthorityhavingjurisdiction.
1.6.2Enforcement.Thisstandardshallbeadministeredandenforcedbytheauthorityhavingjurisdictiondesignatedbythegoverningauthority.(SeeAnnexF forasamplewordingforenablinglegislation.)
Chapter2ReferencedPublications
2.1General.
Thedocumentsorportionsthereoflistedinthischapterarereferencedwithinthisstandardandshallbeconsideredpartoftherequirementsofthisdocument.
2.2NFPAPublications.
NationalFireProtectionAssociation,1BatterymarchPark,Quincy,MA021697471.
NFPA10,StandardforPortableFireExtinguishers,2002edition.
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NFPA13,StandardfortheInstallationofSprinklerSystems,2002edition.
NFPA30,FlammableandCombustibleLiquidsCode,2003edition.
NFPA37,StandardfortheInstallationandUseofStationaryCombustionEnginesandGasTurbines,2002edition.
NFPA45,StandardonFireProtectionforLaboratoriesUsingChemicals,2004edition.
NFPA51,StandardfortheDesignandInstallationofOxygenFuelGasSystemsforWelding,Cutting,andAlliedProcesses,2002edition.
NFPA54,NationalFuelGasCode,2002edition.
NFPA55,StandardfortheStorage,Use,andHandlingofCompressedGasesandCryogenicFluidsinPortableandStationaryContainers,Cylinders,andTanks,2005edition.
NFPA58,LiquefiedPetroleumGasCode,2004edition.
NFPA70,NationalElectricalCode,2005edition.
NFPA72,NationalFireAlarmCode,2002edition.
NFPA99B,StandardforHypobaricFacilities,2005edition.
NFPA 101,LifeSafetyCode,2003edition.
NFPA110,StandardforEmergencyandStandbyPowerSystems,2005edition.
NFPA111,StandardonStoredElectricalEnergyEmergencyandStandbyPowerSystems,2005edition.
NFPA220,StandardonTypesofBuildingConstruction,1999edition.
NFPA255,StandardMethodofTestofSurfaceBurningCharacteristicsofBuildingMaterials,2000edition.
NFPA326,StandardfortheSafeguardingofTanksandContainersforEntry,Cleaning,orRepair,2005edition.
NFPA701,StandardMethodsofFireTestsforFlamePropagationofTextilesandFilms,2004edition.
NFPA704,StandardSystemfortheIdentificationoftheHazardsofMaterialsforEmergencyResponse,2001edition.
NFPA1600,StandardonDisaster/EmergencyManagementandBusinessContinuityPrograms,2004edition.
2.3OtherPublications.
2.3.1ANSIPublication.
AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute,Inc.,22West43rdStreet,4thfloor,NewYork,NY10036.
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ANSIC84.1,ElectricPowerSystemsandEquipmentVoltageRatings,1995.
ANSIZ66.1,SpecificationsforPaintsandCoatingsAccessibletoChildrentoMinimizeDryFilmToxicity,1964.
ANSI/NEMAWD6,WiringDevicesDimensionalRequirements,2002.
2.3.2ASMEPublications.
AmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineers,ThreeParkAvenue,NewYork,NY100165990.
ANSI/ASMEPVHO11990,SafetyStandardforPressureVesselsforHumanOccupancy.
ASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCode,SectionsVIIIandIX,2001.
ASMEB1.20.1,PipeThreads,GeneralPurpose,2001.
ANSI/ASMEB16.50,WroughtCopperandCopperAlloyBrazeJointPressureFittings,2001.
ASMEB31.3,PressureProcessPiping,2002.
ASMEB40.100,PressureGaugesandGaugeAttachments,1998.
ASMEB16.22,WroughtCopperandCopperAlloySolderJointPressureFittings,2001.
2.3.3ASSEPublications.
AmericanSocietyofSanitaryEngineering,28901ClemensRoad,Suite100,Westlake,OH44145.
ASSE6010,ProfessionalQualificationsStandardforMedicalGasSystemsInstallers,2001.
ASSE6030,ProfessionalQualificationsStandardforMedicalGasSystemsVerifiers,2001.
2.3.4ASTMPublications.
AmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterials,100BarrHarborDrive,WestConshohocken,PA194282959.
ASTMA53,StandardSpecificationforPipe,Steel,BlackandHotDipped,ZincCoated,WeldedandSeamless,1994.
ASTMB32,StandardSpecificationforSolderMetal,1996.
ASTMB88,StandardSpecificationforSeamlessCopperWaterTube,2002.
ASTMB280,StandardSpecificationforSeamlessCopperTubingforAirConditioningandRefrigerationFieldService,2002.
ASTMB819,StandardSpecificationforSeamlessCopperTubeforMedicalGasSystems,2000.
ASTMB828,StandardPracticeforMakingCapillaryJointsbySolderingofCopperandCopperAlloyTubeandFittings,2002.
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ASTMD5,StandardTestMethodforPenetrationofBituminousMaterials,1997.
ASTMD2855,StandardPracticeforMakingSolventCementedJointswithPoly(VinylChloride)(PVC)PipeandFittings,1996(2002).
ASTMD2863,StandardTestMethodforMeasuringtheMinimumOxygenConcentrationtoSupportCandlelikeCombustionofPlastics(OxygenIndex)(ANSID2863),1997.
ASTME136,StandardTestMethodforBehaviorofMaterialsinaVerticalTubeFurnaceat750C,1998.
2.3.5AWSPublications.
AmericanWeldingSociety,550N.W.LeJeuneRoad,Miami,FL33126.
ANSI/AWSA5.8,SpecificationforFillerMetalsforBrazingandBrazeWelding,1992.
AWSB2.2,StandardforBrazingProcedureandPerformanceQualification,1991.
2.3.6CDAPublication.
CopperDevelopmentAssociationInc.,260MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NY10016.
CopperTubeHandbook.
2.3.7CGAPublications.
CompressedGasAssociation,4221WalneyRoad,5thFloor,Chantilly,VA201512923.
GCAC7,GuidetothePreparationofPrecautionaryLabelingandMarkingofCompressedGasContainers,2004.
CGAG4,Oxygen,1996.
CGAG4.1,CleaningEquipmentforOxygenService,2004.
CGAG6.1,StandardforInsulatedCarbonDioxideSystemsatConsumerSites,2002.
CGAG6.5,StandardforSmall,StationaryInsulatedCarbonDioxideSupplySystems,2001.
CGAG8.1,StandardforNitrousOxideSystemsatConsumerSites,1990.
CGAM1,GuideforMedicalGasInstallationsatConsumerSites,2003.
CGAO2DIR,DirectoryofCleaningAgentsforOxygenService,Edition4.
CGAP2.5,TransfillingofHighPressureGaseousOxygentobeUsedforRespiration,2000.
CGAP2.6,TransfillingofLiquidOxygentobeUsedforRespiration,1995.
CGAP2.7,GuidefortheSafeStorage,Handling,andUseofPortableLiquidOxygenSystemsinHealthcareFacilities,2000.
CGAV1,CompressedGasAssociationStandardforCompressedGasCylinderValveOutletandInletConnections(ANSIB57.1),2003.
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CGAV5,DiameterIndexSafetySystem(NoninterchangeableLowPressureConnectionsforMedicalGasApplications),2000.
CGAV6,StandardCryogenicLiquidTransferConnection,2000.
2.3.8IECPublication.
ElectrotechnicalCommission,3ruedeVaremb,P.O.Box131,CH1211Geneva20,Switzerland.
IEC6060112,MedicalElectricalEquipmentPart12:GeneralRequirementsforSafetyCollateralStandard:ElectromagneticCompatibilityRequirementsandTests,2004.
2.3.9ISAPublications.
TheInstrumentation,Systems,andAutomationSociety(ISA),67AlexanderDrive,ResearchTrianglePark,NC27709.
ANSI/ISAS7.0.01,QuailityStandardforInstrumentAir,1996.
RP12.6,InstallationofIntrinsicallySafeSystemsinHazardousLocations,1995.
2.3.10MSSPublications.
ManufacturersStandardizationSocietyoftheValveandFittingsIndustry,Inc.,127ParkStreetNE,Vienna,VA22180.
SP58,PipeHangersandSupportsMaterials,Design,andManufacture,2002.
SP69,PipeHangersandSupportsSelectionandApplication,2002.
2.3.11ULPublication.
UnderwritersLaboratoriesInc.,333PfingstenRoad,Northbrook,IL600622096.
UL94,TestforFlammabilityofPlasticMaterialsforPartsinDevicesandAppliances,2001.
2.3.12U.S.GovernmentPublications.
DocumentAutomationandProductionService(DAPS),Building4D,700RobbinsAvenue,Philadelphia,PA191115094,www.dodssp.daps.mil.
MILStandard104C,LimitforElectricalInsulationColor.
U.S.GovernmentCommercialStandard22359,Casters,Wheels,andGlidesforHospitalEquipment.
Chapter3Definitions
3.1General.
Thedefinitionscontainedinthischaptershallapplytothetermsusedinthisstandard.Where
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termsarenotdefinedinthischapterorwithinanotherchapter,theyshallbedefinedusingtheirordinarilyacceptedmeaningswithinthecontextinwhichthey areused.MerriamWebstersCollegiateDictionary,11thedition,shallbethesourcefortheordinarilyacceptedmeaning.
3.2NFPAOfficialDefinitions.
3.2.1*Approved.Acceptabletotheauthorityhavingjurisdiction.
3.2.2*AuthorityHavingJurisdiction(AHJ).Anorganization,office,orindividualresponsibleforenforcingtherequirementsofacodeorstandard,orforapprovingequipment,materials,aninstallation,oraprocedure.
3.2.3*Code.Astandardthatisanextensivecompilationofprovisionscoveringbroadsubjectmatterorthatissuitableforadoptionintolawindependentlyofothercodesandstandards.
3.2.4Guide.Adocumentthatisadvisoryorinformativeinnatureandthatcontainsonlynonmandatoryprovisions.Aguidemaycontainmandatorystatementssuchaswhenaguidecanbeused,butthedocumentasawholeisnotsuitableforadoptionintolaw.
3.2.5Labeled.Equipmentormaterialstowhichhasbeenattachedalabel,symbol,orotheridentifyingmarkofanorganizationthatisacceptabletotheauthorityhavingjurisdictionandconcernedwithproductevaluation,thatmaintainsperiodicinspection ofproductionoflabeledequipmentormaterials,andbywhoselabelingthemanufacturerindicatescompliancewithappropriatestandardsorperformanceinaspecifiedmanner.
3.2.6*Listed.Equipment,materials,orservicesincludedinalistpublishedbyanorganizationthatisacceptabletotheauthorityhavingjurisdictionandconcernedwithevaluationofproductsorservices,thatmaintainsperiodicinspectionofproduction oflistedequipmentormaterialsorperiodicevaluationofservices,andwhoselistingstatesthateithertheequipment,material,orservicemeetsappropriatedesignatedstandardsorhasbeentestedandfoundsuitableforaspecifiedpurpose.
3.2.7Shall.Indicatesamandatoryrequirement.
3.2.8Should.Indicatesarecommendationorthatwhichisadvisedbutnotrequired.
3.2.9Standard.Adocument,themaintextofwhichcontainsonlymandatoryprovisionsusingthewordshalltoindicaterequirementsandwhichisinaformgenerallysuitableformandatoryreferencebyanotherstandardorcodeorforadoptionintolaw.Nonmandatoryprovisionsshallbelocatedinanappendixorannex,footnote,orfineprintnoteandarenottobeconsideredapartoftherequirementsofastandard.
3.3GeneralDefinitions.
3.3.1ACFM.Actualcubicfeetperminute.(PIP)
3.3.2AdiabaticHeating.Theheatingofagascausedbyitscompression.(HYP)
3.3.3Aerosol.Anintimatemixtureofaliquidorasolidinagastheliquidorsolid,calledthedispersedphase,isuniformlydistributedinafinelydividedstatethroughoutthegas,
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whichisthecontinuousphaseordispersingmedium.(GAS)
3.3.4AlarmSystems.
3.3.4.1AreaAlarmSystem.AwarningsystemwithinanareaofusethatprovidescontinuousvisibleandaudiblesurveillanceofLevel1andLevel2medicalgasandvacuumsystems.(PIP)
3.3.4.2Level3AlarmSystem.AwarningsystemwithinanareaofusethatprovidescontinuousvisibleandaudiblesurveillanceofLevel3medicalgassystems.(PIP)
3.3.4.3LocalAlarmSystem.Awarningsystemthatprovidescontinuousvisibleandaudiblesurveillanceofmedicalgasandvacuumsystemsourceequipmentattheequipmentsite.(PIP)
3.3.4.4MasterAlarmSystem.Awarningsystemthatmonitorstheoperationandconditionofthesourceofsupply,thereservesource(ifany),andthepressureinthemainlinesofeachmedicalgasandvacuumpipingsystem.(PIP)
3.3.5AlternatePowerSource.Oneormoregeneratorsets,orbatterysystemswherepermitted,intendedtoprovidepowerduringtheinterruptionofthenormalelectricalserviceorthepublicutilityelectricalserviceintendedtoprovidepowerduringinterruptionofservicenormallyprovidedbythegeneratingfacilitiesonthepremises.(ELS)
3.3.6AmbulatoryHealthCareCenter.Abuildingorportionthereofusedtoprovideservicesortreatmentsimultaneouslytofourormorepatientsthat(1)provides,onanoutpatientbasis,treatmentforpatientsthatrendersthepatientsincapableoftakingactionforselfpreservationunderemergencyconditionswithouttheassistanceofothersor(2)provides,onanoutpatientbasis,anesthesiathatrendersthepatientsincapableoftakingactionforselfpreservationunderemergencyconditionswithouttheassistanceofothers.(ADM)
3.3.7Ampacity.Thecurrent,inamperes,thataconductorcancarrycontinuouslyundertheconditionsofusewithoutexceedingitstemperaturerating.(ELS)
3.3.8Anesthetic.Asusedinthisstandard,appliestoanyinhalationagentusedtoproducerelativeanalgesiaorgeneralanesthesia.(GAS)
3.3.9*AnesthetizingLocation.Anyareaofafacilitythathasbeendesignatedtobeusedfortheadministrationofnonflammableinhalationanestheticagentsinthecourseofexaminationortreatment,includingtheuseofsuchagentsforrelativeanalgesia.(Seealso3.3.158,RelativeAnalgesia.)(GAS)
3.3.10Anoxia.Astateofmarkedlyinadequateoxygenationofthetissuesandblood,ofmoremarkeddegreethanhypoxia.(HYP)
3.3.11Appliance.Utilizationequipment,generallyotherthanindustrial,normallybuiltinstandardizedsizesortypes,thatisinstalledorconnectedasaunittoperformoneormorefunctions.(ELE)
3.3.12*Applicator.Ameansofapplyinghighfrequencyenergytoapatientotherthanbyanelectricallyconductiveconnection.(ELE)
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3.3.13AreaofAdministration.Anypointwithinaroomwithin4.3m(15ft)ofoxygenequipmentoranenclosurecontainingorintendedtocontainanoxygenenrichedatmosphere.(GAS)
3.3.14*Atmosphere.Thepressureexertedby,andgaseouscompositionof,anenvironment.(HYP)
3.3.14.1AmbientAtmosphere.Thepressureandcompositionoftheenvironmentsurroundingachamber.(HYP)
3.3.14.2 AtmosphereAbsolute(ATA).Thepressureoftheearth'satmosphere,760.0mmHg,101.325kPa,or14.7psia.TwoATA=twoatmospheres.(Seealso3.3.14,Atmosphere.)(HYP)
3.3.14.3*AtmosphereofIncreasedBurningRate.Anyatmospherecontainingapercentageofoxygenoroxygenandnitrousoxidegreaterthanthequotientof23.45dividedbythesquarerootofthetotalpressureinatmospheres.(HYP)
3.3.14.4ChamberAtmosphere.Theenvironmentinsideachamber.(HYP)
3.3.15Automatic.Providingafunctionwithoutthenecessityofhumanintervention.(ELS)
3.3.16*Bends.Decompressionsicknesscaissonworkersdisease.(HYP)
3.3.17BranchCircuit.Thecircuitconductorsbetweenthefinalovercurrentdeviceprotectingthecircuitandtheoutlet(s).[70,2005](ELS)
3.3.18BranchLine.See3.3.145,Piping.
3.3.19BulkSystem.Anassemblyofequipment,suchasstoragecontainers,pressureregulators,pressurereliefdevices,vaporizers,manifolds,andinterconnectingpiping,thatterminatesatthesourcevalveofoxygenor1452kg(3200lb)ofnitrousoxideincludingunconnectedreservesonthesite.(PIP)
3.3.19.1BulkNitrousOxideSystem. Anassemblyofequipmentasdescribedinthedefinitionofbulkoxygensystemthathasastoragecapacityofmorethan3200lb(1452kg)[approximately28,000ft3(793m3)(atnormaltemperatureandpressure)]ofnitrousoxide.(PIP)
3.3.19.2*BulkOxygenSystem. Anassemblyofequipmentsuchasoxygenstoragecontainers,pressureregulators,pressurereliefdevices,vaporizers,manifolds,andinterconnectingpipingthathasastoragecapacityofmorethan566m3(20,000ft3)ofoxygen(atnormaltemperatureandpressure)includingunconnectedreservesonhandatthesite.(PIP)
3.3.20ColdRoom.Arefrigeratedarealargeenoughforpersonneltoenter.(LAB)
3.3.21Combustible.Capableofundergoingcombustion.(GAS)
3.3.22*CombustibleLiquid.Aliquidhavingaflashpointatorabove37.8C(100F).Combustibleliquidsshallbesubdividedasfollows:(a)ClassIIliquidsshallincludethosehavingflashpointsatorabove37.8C(100F)andbelow60C(140F)(b)ClassIIIAliquidsshallincludethosehavingflashpointsatorabove60C(140F)andbelow93C
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(200F)(c)ClassIIIBliquidsshallincludethosehavingflashpointsatorabove93C(200F).(LAB)
3.3.23*Combustion.Achemicalprocess(suchasoxidation)accompaniedbytherapidevolutionofheatandlight.(GAS)
3.3.24CombustionProducts.Thegases,volatilizedliquidsandsolids,particulatematter,andashgeneratedbycombustion.(GAS)
3.3.25Container.Alowpressure,vacuuminsulatedvesselcontaininggasesinliquidform.(GAS)
3.3.26CriticalBranch.Asubsystemoftheemergencysystemconsistingoffeedersandbranchcircuitssupplyingenergytotaskillumination,specialpowercircuits,andselectedreceptaclesservingareasandfunctionsrelatedtopatientcareandthatareconnectedtoalternatepowersourcesbyoneormoretransferswitchesduringinterruptionofnormalpowersource.(ELS)
3.3.27CriticalCareArea.See3.3.138,PatientCareArea.
3.3.28CriticalEquipment.Thatequipmentessentialtothesafetyoftheoccupantsofthefacility.(HYP)
3.3.29CriticalSystem.Asystemoffeedersandbranchcircuitsinnursinghomesandcustodialcarefacilitiesarrangedforconnectiontothealternatepowersourcetorestoreservicetocertaincriticalreceptacles,taskillumination,andequipment.(ELS)
3.3.30Cylinder.Asupplytankcontaininghighpressuregasesorgasmixturesatpressuresthatcanbeinexcessof2000psigauge(13.8kPagauge).(GAS)
3.3.31DecompressionSickness.Asyndromeduetoevolvedgasinthetissuesresultingfromareductioninambientpressure.(HYP)
3.3.32Detonation.Anexothermicreactionwhereinthereactionpropagatesthroughtheunreactedmaterialatarateexceedingthevelocityofsound,hencetheexplosivenoise.(GAS)
3.3.33*DirectElectricalPathwaytotheHeart.Anexternalizedconductivepathway,insulatedexceptatitsends,oneendofwhichisindirectcontactwithheartmusclewhiletheotherisoutsidethebodyandisaccessibleforinadvertentorintentionalcontactwithgroundedobjectsorenergized,groundreferencedsources.(ELE)
3.3.34*Disaster.Withinthecontextofthisdocument,adisasterisdefinedasanyunusualoccurrenceorunforeseensituationthatseriouslyovertaxesorthreatenstoseriouslyovertaxtheroutinecapabilitiesofahealthcarefacility.(HCE)
3.3.35D.I.S.S.Connector.AsystemofnoninterchangeablemedicalgasandvacuumconnectorscomplyingwithCGAV5,DiameterIndexSafetySystem(NoninterchangeableLowPressureConnectionsforMedicalGasApplications).(PIP)
3.3.36*DoubleInsulatedAppliances.Applianceswheretheprimarymeansofprotectionagainstelectricalshockisnotgrounding.Theprimarymeansisbytheuseofcombinationsof
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insulationandseparationspacingsinaccordancewithanapprovedstandard.(ELE)
3.3.37ElectricalLifeSupportEquipment.Electricallypoweredequipmentwhosecontinuousoperationisnecessarytomaintainapatientslife.(ELS)
3.3.38Electrode.Anelectricallyconductiveconnectiontoapatient.(ELE)
3.3.38.1ActiveElectrode. Anelectrodeintendedtogenerateasurgicalorphysiologicaleffectatitspointofapplicationtothepatient.(ELE)
3.3.38.2BipolarElectrode.Anelectrodeconsistingofadjacentcontacts(e.g.,thetwolegsofaforceps)suchthatthecurrentpassesbetweenthepairofcontactsgeneratingtheintendedeffect.(ELE)
3.3.38.3*DispersiveElectrode. Anelectrode,intendedtocompletetheelectricalpathbetweenpatientandapplianceandatwhichnosurgicaleffectisintended.(ELE)
3.3.39EmergencyManagement.Theactofdevelopingproceduresandplanstocreateeffectivepreparedness,mitigation,response,andrecoveryduringadisasteraffectingahealthcarefacility.(HCE)
3.3.40EmergencyOxygenSupplyConnection.Anassemblyofequipmentwhichpermitsagassuppliertomakeatemporaryconnectiontosupplyoxygentoabuildingwhichhashaditsnormalsourceofoxygendisconnected.(PIP)
3.3.41EmergencySystem.Asystemofcircuitsandequipmentintendedtosupplyalternatepowertoalimitednumberofprescribedfunctionsvitaltotheprotectionoflifeandsafety.(ELS)
3.3.42EquipmentGroundingBus.Agroundingterminalbusinthefeedercircuitofthebranchcircuitdistributionpanelthatservesaparticulararea.(ELE)
3.3.43EquipmentSystem.Asystemoffeedersandbranchcircuitsarrangedfordelayed,automatic,ormanualconnectionthealternatepowersourceandthatservesprimarily3phasepowerequipment.(ELS)
3.3.44EssentialElectricalSystem.Asystemcomprisedofalternatesourcesofpowerandallconnecteddistributionsystemsandancillaryequipment,designedtoensurecontinuityofelectricalpowertodesignatedareasandfunctionsofahealthcarefacilityduringdisruptionofnormalpowersources,andalsotominimizedisruptionwithintheinternalwiringsystem.(ELS)
3.3.45EvacuationWasteGas.See3.3.184,WasteAnestheticGasDisposal.
3.3.46ExposedConductiveSurfaces.Thosesurfacesthatarecapableofcarryingelectriccurrentandthatareunprotected,uninsulated,unenclosed,orunguarded,permittingpersonalcontact.(ELE)
3.3.47*Failure.Anincidentthatincreasesthehazardtopersonnelorpatientsorthataffectsthesafefunctioningofelectricappliancesordevices.(ELE)
3.3.48FaultCurrent.Acurrentinanaccidentalconnectionbetweenanenergizedandagroundedorotherconductiveelementresultingfromafailureofinsulation,spacing,or
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containmentofconductors.(ELS)
3.3.49Feeder.Allcircuitconductorsbetweentheserviceequipment,thesourceofaseparatelyderivedsystem,orotherpowersupplysourceandthefinalbranchcircuitovercurrentdevice.(ELS)
3.3.50*FlameResistant.ThepropertyofamaterialthatpassesthesmallscaletestinNFPA701,StandardMethodsofFireTestsforFlamePropagationofTextilesandFilms.(HYP)
3.3.51*Flammable.Acombustiblethatiscapableofeasilybeingignitedandrapidlyconsumedbyfire.(LAB)
3.3.52FlammableGas.Anysubstancethatexistsinthegaseousstateatnormalatmospherictemperatureandpressureandiscapableofbeingignitedandburnedwhenmixedwithproperproportionofair,oxygen,orotheroxidizers.(HYP)
3.3.53FlammableLiquid.Aliquidthathasaclosedcupflashpointthatisbelow37.8C(100F)andamaximumvaporpressureof2068mmHg(40psiabsolute)at37.8C(100F).(LAB)
3.3.54*FlashPoint.Theminimumtemperatureatwhichaliquidgivesoffvaporinsufficientconcentrationtoformanignitablemixturewithairnearthesurfaceoftheliquidwithinthevessel,asspecifiedbyappropriatetestproceduresandapparatus.(LAB)
3.3.55FlowControlValve.Avalve,usuallyaneedlevalve,thatpreciselycontrolsflowofgas.(GAS)
3.3.56Flowmeter.Adeviceformeasuringvolumetricflowratesofgasesandliquids.(GAS)
3.3.56.1PressureCompensatedFlowmeter.Aflowmeterindicatingaccurateflowofgaswhetherthegasisdischargedintoambientpressureorintoasystematnonambientpressure.(GAS)
3.3.57FreestandingBirthingCenter.Afacilityinwhichlowriskbirthsareexpectedfollowingnormal,uncomplicatedpregnancies,andinwhichprofessionalmidwiferycareisprovidedtowomenduringpregnancy,birth,andpostpartum.(ADM)
3.3.58*Frequency.Thenumberofoscillations,perunittime,ofaparticularcurrentorvoltagewaveform.Theunitoffrequencyisthehertz.(ELE)
3.3.59*FumeHood.Anenclosuredesignedtodrawairinwardbymeansofmechanicalventilation.(LAB)
3.3.60GasPoweredSystem.ALevel3gasdistributionsystemcomprisedofcomponentpartsincludingbutnotlimitedtocylinders,manifolds,aircompressor,motor,receivers,controls,filters,dryers,valves,andpipingthatdeliverscompressedairornitrogenatpressureslessthan1100kPa(lessthan160psi)gaugetopowerdevices(e.g.,handpieces,syringes,cleaningdevices)asapowersource.(PIP)
3.3.61GeneralCareArea.See3.3.138,PatientCareArea.
3.3.62GoverningBody.Thepersonorpersonswhohavetheoveralllegalresponsibilityfor
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theoperationofahealthcarefacility.(ADM)
3.3.63GroundFaultCircuitInterrupter(GFCI).Adeviceintendedfortheprotectionofpersonnelthatfunctionstodeenergizeacircuitorportionthereofwithinanestablishedperiodoftimewhenacurrenttogroundexceedssomepredeterminedvaluethatislessthanthatrequiredtooperatetheovercurrentprotectivedeviceofthesupplycircuit.(ELS)
3.3.64Grounding.See3.3.65,GroundingSystem.
3.3.65*GroundingSystem.Asystemofconductorsthatprovidesalowimpedancereturnpathforleakageandfaultcurrents.(ELS)
3.3.66HazardCurrent.Foragivensetofconnectionsinanisolatedpowersystem,thetotalcurrentthatwouldflowthroughalowimpedanceifitwereconnectedbetweeneitherisolatedconductorandground.(ELS)
3.3.66.1FaultHazardCurrent.Thehazardcurrentofagivenisolatedpowersystemwithalldevicesconnectedexceptthelineisolationmonitor.(ELS)
3.3.66.2MonitorHazardCurrent. Thehazardcurrentofthelineisolationmonitoralone.(ELS)
3.3.66.3TotalHazardCurrent.Thehazardcurrentofagivenisolatedsystemwithalldevices,includingthelineisolationmonitor,connected.(ELS)
3.3.67*HazardousChemical.Achemicalwithoneormoreofthefollowinghazardratingsasdefinedin NFPA704,StandardSystemfortheIdentificationoftheHazardsofMaterialsforEmergencyResponse:Health2,3,or4Flammability2,3,or4Reactivity2,3,or4.(LAB)
3.3.68*HealthCareFacilities.Buildingsorportionsofbuildingsinwhichmedical,dental,psychiatric,nursing,obstetrical,orsurgicalcareisprovided.(ADM)
3.3.69HomeCare.Medicalservices(equipment)providedinresidentialoccupancies.(ADM)
3.3.70Hospital.Abuildingorportionthereofusedona24hourbasisforthemedical,psychiatric,obstetrical,orsurgicalcareoffourormoreinpatients.[101,2003](ADM)
3.3.71HospitalBased.Intheinterpretationandapplicationofthisdocument,physicallyconnectedtoahospital.(GAS)
3.3.72Humidifier.Adeviceusedforaddingwatervaportoinspiredgas.(GAS)
3.3.73Hyperbaric.Facility,building,orstructureusedtohousechambersandallauxiliaryserviceequipmentformedicalapplicationsandproceduresatpressuresabovenormalatmosphericpressures.(HYP)
3.3.74HyperbaricOxygenation.Theapplicationofpureoxygenoranoxygenenrichedgaseousmixturetoasubjectatelevatedpressure.(HYP)
3.3.75Hypobaric.Facility,building,orstructureusedtohousechambersandallauxiliaryserviceequipmentformedicalapplicationsandproceduresatpressuresbelowatmospheric
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pressures.(HYP)
3.3.76Hypoxia.Astateofinadequateoxygenationofthebloodandtissuesufficienttocauseimpairmentoffunction.[99B,2005](HYP)
3.3.77ImmediateRestorationofService.Automaticrestorationofoperationwithaninterruptionofnotmorethan10seconds.(ELS)
3.3.78*Impedance.Impedanceistheratioofthevoltagedropacrossacircuitelementtothecurrentflowingthroughthesamecircuitelement.Theunitofimpedanceistheohm.(ELE)
3.3.79IncidentCommandSystem(ICS).Thecombinationoffacilities,equipment,personnel,procedures,andcommunicationsoperatingwithinacommonorganizationalstructurethathasresponsibilityforthemanagementofassignedresourcestoeffectivelyaccomplishstatedobjectivespertainingtoanincidentortrainingexercise.[1670,2004](HCE)
3.3.80InstrumentAir.Forthepurposesofthisstandard,instrumentairisairintendedforthepoweringofmedicaldevicesunrelatedtohumanrespiration(e.g.,surgicaltools,ceilingarms).Medicalairandinstrumentairaredistinctsystemsformutuallyexclusiveapplications.Instrumentairisamedicalsupportgasthatfallsunderthegeneralrequirementsformedicalgases.(PIP)
3.3.81IntermittentPositivePressureBreathing(IPPB).Ventilationofthelungsbyapplicationofintermittentpositivepressuretotheairway.(GAS)
3.3.82*IntrinsicallySafe.Asappliedtoequipmentandwiring,equipmentandwiringthatareincapableofreleasingsufficientelectricalenergyundernormalorabnormalconditionstocauseignitionofaspecifichazardousatmosphericmixture.(HYP)
3.3.83InvasiveProcedure.Anyprocedurethatpenetratestheprotectivesurfacesofapatientsbody(i.e.,skin,mucousmembrane,cornea)andthatisperformedwithanasepticfield(proceduralsite).[Notincludedinthiscategoryareplacementofperipheralintravenousneedlesorcathetersusedtoadministerfluidsand/ormedications,gastrointestinalendoscopies(i.e.,sigmoidoscopies),insertionofurethralcatheters,andothersimilarprocedures.](ELS)
3.3.84IsolatedPatientLead.Apatientleadwhoseimpedancetogroundortoapowerlineissufficientlyhighthatconnectingtheleadtoground,ortoeitherconductorofthepowerline,resultsincurrentflowbelowahazardouslimitinthelead.(ELE)
3.3.85*IsolatedPowerSystem.Asystemcomprisinganisolatingtransformeroritsequivalent,alineisolationmonitor,anditsungroundedcircuitconductors.(ELS)
3.3.86IsolationTransformer.Atransformerofthemultiplewindingtype,withtheprimaryandsecondarywindingsphysicallyseparated,thatinductivelycouplesitsungroundedsecondarywindingtothegroundedfeedersystemthatenergizesitsprimarywinding.(ELS)
3.3.87*Laboratory.Abuilding,space,room,orgroupofroomsintendedtoserveactivitiesinvolvingproceduresforinvestigation,diagnosis,ortreatmentinwhichflammable,
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combustible,oroxidizingmaterialsaretobeused.(LAB)
3.3.88*LaboratoryWorkArea.Aroomorspacefortesting,analysis,research,instruction,orsimilaractivitiesthatinvolvetheuseofchemicals.Thisworkareamayormaynotbeenclosed.(LAB)
3.3.89LeakageCurrent.Anycurrent,includingcapacitivelycoupledcurrent,notintendedtobeappliedtoapatient,thatisconveyedfromexposedconductivepartsofanappliancetogroundortootheraccessiblepartsofanappliance.(ELE)
3.3.90Level1MedicalPipedGasandVacuumSystems.Systemsservingoccupancieswhereinterruptionofthepipedmedicalgasandvacuumsystemwouldplacepatientsinimminentdangerofmorbidityormortality.(PIP)
3.3.91Level1VacuumSystem.Asystemconsistingofcentralvacuumproducingequipmentwithpressureandoperatingcontrols,shutoffvalves,alarmwarningsystems,gauges,andanetworkofpipingextendingtoandterminatingwithsuitablestationinletsatlocationswherepatientsuctioncouldberequired.(PIP)
3.3.92Level2MedicalPipedGasandVacuumSystems.Systemsservingoccupancieswhereinterruptionofthepipedmedicalgasandvacuumsystemwouldplacepatientsatmanageableriskofmorbidityormortality.(PIP)
3.3.93*Level3CompressedAirSystem.Asystemofcomponentparts,including,butnotlimitedto,aircompressor,motor,receiver,controls,filters,dryers,valves,andpiping,thatdeliverscompressedair
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kJ/kg(3500Btu/lb)andcomplieswithoneofthefollowing:(a)materialshavingastructuralbaseofnoncombustiblematerial,withasurfacingnotexceedingathicknessof3.2mm(in.)andhavingaflamespreadratingnotgreaterthan50or(b)materials,intheformandthicknessused,otherthanasdescribedin(a),havingneitheraflamespreadratinggreaterthan25norevidenceofcontinuedprogressivecombustionandofsuchcompositionthatsurfacesthatwouldbeexposedbycuttingthrough thematerialonanyplanewouldhaveneitheraflamespreadratinggreaterthan25norevidenceofcontinuedprogressivecombustion.(PIP)
3.3.99LineIsolationMonitor.Atestinstrumentdesignedtocontinuallycheckthebalancedandunbalancedimpedancefromeachlineofanisolatedcircuittogroundandequippedwithabuiltintestcircuittoexercisethealarmwithoutaddingtotheleakagecurrenthazard.(ELS)
3.3.100*Liquid.Anymaterialthathasafluiditygreaterthanthatof300penetrationasphaltwhentestedinaccordancewithASTMD5,StandardTestMethodforPenetrationofBituminousMaterials.[30,2003](LAB)
3.3.101*LocalSignal.Avisibleindicationoftheoperatingstatusofequipment.(PIP)
3.3.102mA.Milliampere.
3.3.103Manifold.Adeviceforconnectingtheoutletsofoneormoregascylinderstothecentralpipingsystemforthatspecificgas.(PIP)
3.3.104*ManufacturedAssembly.Afactoryassembledproductdesignedforaestheticsorconveniencethatcontainsmedicalgasorvacuumoutlets,piping,orotherdevicesrelatedtomedicalgases.(PIP)
3.3.105Mask.Adevicethatfitsoverthemouthandnose(oronasal)ornose(nasal),usedtoadministergasestoapatient.(GAS)
3.3.106*MedicalAir.Forpurposesofthisstandard,medicalairisairsuppliedfromcylinders,bulkcontainers,medicalaircompressors,orhasbeenreconstitutedfromoxygenUSPandoilfree,drynitrogenNF.
3.3.107MedicalAirCompressor.Acompressorthatisdesignedtoexcludeoilfromtheairstreamandcompressionchamberandthatdoesnotundernormaloperatingconditionsoranysinglefaultaddanytoxicorflammablecontaminantstothecompressedair.(PIP)
3.3.108*Medical/DentalOffice.Abuildingorpartthereofinwhichthefollowingoccur:(1)Examinationsandminortreatments/proceduresareperformedunderthecontinuoussupervisionofamedical/dentalprofessional(2)Onlysedationorlocalanesthesiaisinvolvedandtreatmentorproceduresdonotrenderthepatientincapableofselfpreservationunderemergencyconditions(3)Overnightstaysforpatientsor24houroperationarenotprovided.(ADM)
3.3.109MedicalGas.Apatientmedicalgasormedicalsupportgas.(Seealso3.3.143,PatientMedicalGasand3.3.111,MedicalSupportGas.)(PIP)
3.3.110MedicalGasSystem.Anassemblyofequipmentandpipingforthedistributionof
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nonflammablemedicalgasessuchasoxygen,nitrousoxide,compressedair,carbondioxide,andhelium.(PIP)
3.3.111MedicalSupportGas.Pipedgasessuchasnitrogenandinstrumentairthatareusedtosupportmedicalproceduresbyoperatingmedicalsurgicaltools,equipmentbooms,pendants,andsimilarmedicalsupportapplications.
3.3.112MedicalSurgicalVacuum.Amethodusedtoprovideasourceofdrainage,aspiration,andsuctioninordertoremovebodyfluidsfrompatients.(PIP)
3.3.113MedicalSurgicalVacuumSystem.Anassemblyofcentralvacuumproducingequipmentandanetworkofpipingforpatientsuctioninmedical,medicalsurgical,andwasteanestheticgasdisposal(WAGD)applications.(PIP)
3.3.114MultipleTreatmentFacility.Adiagnosticortreatmentcomplexunderasinglemanagementcomprisinganumberofsingletreatmentfacilities,whichcanbeaccessedonefromtheotherwithoutexitingthefacility(i.e.,doesnotinvolvewidelyseparatedlocationsorseparatedistinctpractices).(ADM)
3.3.115mV.Millivolt.
3.3.116NasalCannula.Deviceconsistingoftwoshorttubestobeinsertedintothenostrilstoadministeroxygenorothertherapeuticgases.(GAS)
3.3.117NasalCatheter.Aflexibletubeforinsertionthroughthenoseintothenasopharynxtoadministeroxygenorothertherapeuticgases.(GAS)
3.3.118Nebulizer.Adeviceusedforproducinganaerosolofwaterand/ormedicationwithininspiredgassupply.(GAS)
3.3.119NegativePressure.Pressurelessthanatmospheric.(GAS)
3.3.120Nitrogen.Anelementthat,atatmospherictemperaturesandpressures,existsasaclear,colorless,andtastelessgasitcomprisesapproximatelyfourfifthsoftheearthsatmosphere.(GAS)
3.3.120.1NitrogenNF(OilFree,Dry).Nitrogencomplyingasaminimumwithoilfree,drynitrogenNF.(PIP)
3.3.121*NitrogenNarcosis.Aconditionresemblingalcoholicinebriation,whichresultsfrombreathingnitrogenintheairundersignificantpressure.(HYP)
3.3.122NitrousOxide.Aninorganiccompound,oneoftheoxidesofnitrogen.Itexistsasagasatatmosphericpressureandtemperature,possessesasweetishsmell,andisusedforinducinganesthesiawheninhaled.Theoxygeninthecompoundwillbereleasedunderconditionsofcombustion,creatinganoxygenenrichedatmosphere.(GAS)
3.3.123Noncombustible(Hyperbaric).Anadjectivedescribingasubstancethatwillnotburnin955percentoxygenatpressuresupto3ATA(44.1psia).(HYP)
3.3.124Noncombustible(Hypobaric).Anadjectivedescribingasubstancethatwillnotburnin95percent,plusorminus5percentoxygenatpressuresof101.325kPa(760mmHg).(HYP)
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3.3.125*NoncombustibleMaterial.Amaterial(asdefinedin NFPA220,StandardonTypesofBuildingConstruction)that,intheforminwhichitisusedandundertheconditionsanticipated,willnotignite,burn,supportcombustion,orreleaseflammablevaporswhensubjectedtofireorheat.(PIP)
3.3.126Nonflammable.Anadjectivedescribingasubstancethatwillnotburnundertheconditionssetforthinthedefinitionofflameresistant.(HYP)
3.3.127*NonflammableAnestheticAgent.Referstothoseinhalationagentsthat,becauseoftheirvaporpressureat37C(98.6F)andatatmosphericpressure,cannotattainflammableconcentrationswhenmixedwithair,oxygen,ormixturesofoxygenandnitrousoxide.(GAS)
3.3.128*NonflammableMedicalGasSystem.See3.3.110,MedicalGasSystem.
3.3.129NursingHome.Abuildingorportionofabuildingusedona24hourbasisforthehousingandnursingcareoffourormorepersonswho,becauseofmentalorphysicalincapacity,mightbeunabletoprovidefortheirownneedsandsafetywithouttheassistanceofanotherperson.(ADM)
3.3.130*OxidizingGas.Agasthatsupportscombustion.(HYP)
3.3.131*Oxygen.Anelementthat,atatmospherictemperaturesandpressures,existsasacolorless,odorless,tastelessgas.(GAS)
3.3.131.1GaseousOxygen.Acolorless,odorless,andtastelessgasalso,thephysicalstateoftheelementatatmospherictemperatureandpressure.(GAS)
3.3.131.2*LiquidOxygen.Existsatcryogenictemperature,approximately184.4C(300F)atatmosphericpressure.Itretainsallofthepropertiesofgaseousoxygen,but,inaddition,whenallowedtowarmtoroomtemperatureatatmosphericpressure,itwillevaporateandexpandtofillavolume860timesitsliquidvolume.(GAS)
3.3.132*OxygenDeliveryEquipment.Anydeviceusedtotransportanddeliveranoxygenenrichedatmospheretoapatient.(GAS)
3.3.133OxygenEnrichedAtmosphere.Forthepurposeofthisstandard,andonlyforthepurposeofthisstandard,anatmosphereinwhichtheconcentrationofoxygenexceeds23.5percentbyvolume.(HYP)
3.3.134OxygenHood.Adeviceencapsulatingapatientsheadandusedforapurposesimilartothatofamask.(Seealso3.3.105,Mask.)(HYP)
3.3.135OxygenIndex.Theminimumconcentrationofoxygen,expressedaspercentbyvolume,inamixtureofoxygenandnitrogenthatwilljustsupportcombustionofamaterialunderconditionsofASTMD2863,StandardTestMethodforMeasuringtheMinimumOxygenConcentrationtoSupportCandleLikeCombustionofPlastics(OxygenIndex).(HYP)
3.3.136*OxygenToxicity(Hyperbaric).Physicalimpairmentresultingfrombreathinggaseousmixturescontainingoxygenenrichedatmospheresatelevatedpartialpressuresfor
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extendedperiodsoftime.(HYP)
3.3.137PatientBedLocation.Thelocationofapatientsleepingbed,orthebedorproceduretableofacriticalcarearea.(ELS)
3.3.138*PatientCareArea.Anyportionofahealthcarefacilitywhereinpatientsareintendedtobeexaminedortreated.(ELE)
3.3.138.1*CriticalCareAreas.Thosespecialcareunits,intensivecareunits,coronarycareunits,angiographylaboratories,cardiaccatheterizationlaboratories,deliveryrooms,operatingrooms,postanesthesiarecoveryrooms,emergencydepartments,andsimilarareasinwhichpatientsareintendedtobesubjectedtoinvasiveproceduresandconnectedtolineoperated,patientcarerelatedelectricalappliances.
3.3.138.2*GeneralCareAreas.Patientbedrooms,examiningrooms,treatmentrooms,clinics,andsimilarareasinwhichitisintendedthatthepatientwillcomeincontactwithordinaryappliancessuchasanursecallsystem,electricbeds,examininglamps,telephones,andentertainmentdevices.(ELE)
3.3.139PatientCareRelatedElectricalAppliance.Anelectricalappliancethatisintendedtobeusedfordiagnostic,therapeutic,ormonitoringpurposesinapatientcarevicinity.(ELE)
3.3.140PatientCareVicinity.Aspace,withinalocationintendedfortheexaminationandtreatmentofpatients,extending1.8m(6ft)beyondthenormallocationofthebed,chair,table,treadmill,orotherdevicethatsupportsthepatientduringexaminationandtreatmentandextendingverticallyto2.3m(7ft6in.)abovethefloor.(ELE)
3.3.141PatientEquipmentGroundingPoint.Ajackorterminalthatservesasthecollectionpointforredundantgroundingofelectricappliancesservingapatientcarevicinityorforgroundingotheritemsinordertoeliminateelectromagneticinterferenceproblems.(ELE)
3.3.142*PatientLead.Anydeliberateelectricalconnectionthatcancarrycurrentbetweenanapplianceandapatient.(ELE)
3.3.143PatientMedicalGas.Pipedgasessuchasoxygen,nitrousoxide,helium,carbondioxide,andmedicalairthatareusedintheapplicationofhumanrespirationandthecalibrationofmedicaldevicesusedforhumanrespiration.(PIP)
3.3.144PipedDistributionSystem.Apipelinenetworkassemblyofequipmentthatstartsatandincludesthesourcevalve,warningsystems(master,area,localalarms),bulkgassystemsignalactuatingswitchwiring,interconnectingpiping,andallothercomponentsuptoandincludingthestationoutlets/inlets.(PIP)
3.3.145Piping.Thetubingorconduitofthesystem.Thethreegeneralclassesofpipingaremainlines,risers.andbranch(lateral)lines.(PIP)
3.3.145.1Branch(Lateral)Lines.Thosesectionsorportionsofthepipingsystemthatservearoomorgroupofroomsonthesamestoryofthefacility.(PIP)
3.3.145.2MainLines.Thepipingthatconnectsthesource(pumps,receivers,etc.)tothe
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risersorbranches,orboth.(PIP)
3.3.145.3Risers.Theverticalpipesconnectingthesystemmainline(s)withthebranchlinesonthevariouslevelsofthefacility.(PIP)
3.3.146Plug(AttachmentPlug,Cap).Adevicethat,byinsertioninareceptacle,establishesconnectionbetweentheconductorsoftheattachedflexiblecordandtheconductorsconnectedpermanentlytothereceptacle.(ELE)
3.3.147PositiveNegativePressureBreathing.Ventilationofthelungsbytheapplicationofintermittentpositivenegativepressuretotheairway.(GAS)
3.3.148Pressure.
3.3.148.1AbsolutePressure.Thetotalpressureinasystemwithreferencetozeropressure.(HYP)
3.3.148.2AmbientPressure.Referstototalpressureoftheenvironmentreferenced.(HYP)
3.3.148.3GaugePressure.Referstototalpressureabove(orbelow)atmospheric.(HYP)
3.3.148.4HighPressure.Apressureexceeding200psig(1.38kPagauge)(215psia).(GAS)
3.3.148.5*PartialPressure.Thepressure,inabsoluteunits,exertedbyaparticulargasinagasmixture.(HYP)
3.3.148.6PositivePressure.Pressuregreaterthanambientatmospheric.(GAS)
3.3.148.7*WorkingPressure.Apressurenotexceeding11.6kg/cm2(200psig).(GAS)
3.3.149*PressureReducingRegulator.Adevicethatautomaticallyreducesgasunderhighpressuretoausablelowerworkingpressure.(GAS)
3.3.150ProcedureRoom.Wheretheproceduralistisusinginstrumentationthatrequiresconstantobservationandcontrol.
3.3.151psia.Poundspersquareinchabsolute,aunitofpressuremeasurementwithzeropressureasthebaseorreferencepressure.(HYP)
3.3.152*psig.Poundspersquareinchgauge,aunitofpressuremeasurementwithatmosphericpressureasthebaseorreferencepressure.(HYP)
3.3.153QuietGround.Asystemofgroundingconductors,insulatedfromportionsoftheconventionalgroundingofthepowersystem,thatinterconnectsthegroundsofelectricappliancesforthepurposeofimprovingimmunitytoelectromagneticnoise.(ELS)
3.3.154Reactance.Thecomponentofimpedancecontributedbyinductanceorcapacitance.Theunitofreactanceistheohm.(ELE)
3.3.155*ReactiveMaterial.Amaterialthat,byitself,isreadilycapableofdetonation,explosivedecomposition,orexplosivereactionatnormalorelevatedtemperaturesandpressures.[45,2004](LAB)
3.3.156ReferenceGroundingPoint.Thegroundbusofthepanelboardorisolatedpower
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systempanelsupplyingthepatientcarearea.(ELE)
3.3.157*RefrigeratingEquipment.Anymechanicallyoperatedequipmentusedforstoring,belownormalambienttemperature,hazardousmaterialshavingflammabilityratingsof3or4.(LAB)
3.3.158RelativeAnalgesia.Astateofsedationandpartialblockofpainperceptionproducedinapatientbytheinhalationofconcentrationsofnitrousoxideinsufficienttoproducelossofconsciousness(conscioussedation).(GAS)
3.3.159*Remote.ALevel3sourceofsupplythatisaccessedbyexitingthesingleormultipletreatmentfacility.(PIP)
3.3.160ReserveSupply.Whereexisting,thatportionofthesupplyequipmentthatautomaticallysuppliesthesystemintheeventoffailureoftheoperatingsupply.Thereservesupplyonlyfunctionsinanemergencyandnotasanormaloperatingprocedure.(PIP)
3.3.161SafetyCan.Anapprovedcontainer,ofnotmorethan18.9L(5gal)capacity,havingaspringclosinglidandspoutcoverandsodesignedthatitwillsafelyrelieveinternalpressurewhensubjectedtofireexposure.(LAB)
3.3.162Scavenging.AnalternatetermforWAGDoftenappliedinLevel3.(PIP)
3.3.163SCFM.Standardcubicfeetperminute.(PIP)
3.3.164SelectedReceptacles.Aminimalnumberofreceptaclesselectedbythegoverningbodyofafacilityasnecessarytoprovideessentialpatientcareandfacilityservicesduringlossofnormalpower.(ELS)
3.3.165SelfExtinguishing.Acharacteristicofamaterialsuchthat,oncethesourceofignitionisremoved,theflameisquicklyextinguishedwithoutthefueloroxidizerbeingexhausted.(HYP)
3.3.166SemipermanentConnection.Anoninterchangeableconnection,usuallyaD.I.S.S.connector,whichistheterminationofthepipelineandthatisintendedtobedetachedonlyforservice.Itisnotthepointatwhichtheusermakesconnectionsordisconnections.(PIP)
3.3.167ServiceInlet.ThepneumaticterminusofaLevel3pipedvacuumsystem.(PIP)
3.3.168ServiceOutlet.Thepneumaticterminusofapipedgassystemforotherthancritical,continuousduty,nonflammablemedicallifesupporttypegasessuchasoxygen,nitrousoxide,ormedicalair.(PIP)
3.3.169*SingleTreatmentFacility.Adiagnosticortreatmentcomplexunderasinglemanagementcomprisinganumberofusepoints,butconfinedtoasinglecontiguousgroupofusepoints(i.e.,doesnotinvolvewidelyseparatedlocationsorseparatedistinctpractices).(PIP)
3.3.170*SiteofIntentionalExpulsion.Allpointswithin0.3m(1ft)ofapointatwhichanoxygenenrichedatmosphereisintentionallyventedtotheatmosphere.(GAS)
3.3.171StationInlet.Aninletpointinapipedmedical/surgicalvacuumdistributionsystematwhichtheusermakesconnectionsanddisconnections.(PIP)
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3.3.172StationOutlet.Anoutletpointinapipedmedicalgasdistributionsystematwhichtheusermakesconnectionsanddisconnections.(PIP)
3.3.173SupplySource.
3.3.173.1OperatingSupply.Theportionofthesupplysystemthatnormallysuppliesthepipingsystems.Theoperatingsupplyconsistsofaprimarysupplyoraprimaryandsecondarysupply.(PIP)
3.3.173.2PrimarySupply.Thatportionofthesourceequipmentthatactuallysuppliesthesystem.(PIP)
3.3.173.3ReserveSupply.Whereprovided,thatportionofthesourceequipmentthatautomaticallysuppliesthesystemintheeventoffailureoftheprimaryandsecondaryoperatingsupply.(PIP)
3.3.173.4SecondarySupply.Whereprovided,thatportionofthesourceequipmentthatautomaticallysuppliesthesystemwhentheprimarysupplybecomesexhausted.(PIP)
3.3.174SupportGas.Nitrogenorinstrumentairthatisusedtosupportmedicalproceduresbyoperatingmedicalsurgicaltools,equipmentbooms,pendants,andsimilardevices,andarenotrespiredaspartofanytreatment.(PIP)
3.3.175*SurfaceMountedMedicalGasRailSystems.Asurfacemountedgasdeliverysystemintendedtoprovidereadyaccessfortwoormoregasesthroughacommondeliverysystemtoprovidemultiplegasstationoutletlocationswithinasinglepatientroomorcriticalcarearea.(PIP)
3.3.176TaskIllumination.ProvisionsfortheminimumlightingrequiredtocarryoutnecessarytasksintheareasdescribedinChapter4,includingsafeaccesstosuppliesandequipmentandaccesstoexits.(ELS)
3.3.177Terminal.Theendofaflexiblehoseortubingusedinamanufacturedassemblywheretheuserisintendedtomakeconnectionanddisconnection.(PIP)
3.3.178Tube.
3.3.178.1*EndotrachealTube.Atubeforinsertionthroughthemouthornoseintotheupperportionofthetrachea(windpipe).(GAS)
3.3.178.2*TracheotomyTube.Acurvedtubeforinsertionintothetrachea(windpipe)belowthelarynx(voicebox)duringtheperformanceofanappropriateoperativeprocedure(tracheotomy).(GAS)
3.3.179*UnattendedLaboratoryOperation.Alaboratoryprocedureoroperationatwhichthereisnopersonpresentwhoisknowledgeableregardingtheoperationandemergencyshutdownprocedures.[45,2004](LAB)
3.3.180UsePoint.Alocationwithanynumberofstationoutletsandinletsarrangedforaccessbyapractitionerduringtreatmentofapatient.(PIP)
3.3.181*UtilityCenter(Jbox).Atypeofterminalenclosureforutilities(e.g.,gaspower,
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vacuum,water,electricalpower)usedinofficebasedoccupancies.(PIP)
3.3.182Vaporizer.Aheatexchangeunitdesignedtoconvertcryogenicliquidintothegaseousstate.(PIP)
3.3.183*WAGDInterface.AdeviceprovidedontheanesthesiagasmachinethatconnectstheWAGDnetworktothepatientbreathingcircuit.(PIP)
3.3.184WasteAnestheticGasDisposal(WAGD).Theprocessofcapturingandcarryingawaygasesventedfromthepatientbreathingcircuitduringthenormaloperationofgasanesthesiaoranalgesiaequipment.(PIP)
3.3.185*WetLocations.Theareainapatientcareareawhereaprocedureisperformedthatisnormallysubjecttowetconditionswhilepatientsarepresentincludingstandingfluidsonthefloorordrenchingoftheworkarea,eitherofwhichconditionisintimatetothepatientorstaff.(ADM)
Chapter4ElectricalSystems
4.1*Applicability.
Thischapterappliestohealthcarefacilitiesasreferencedinotherchapters.
4.2NatureofHazards.
SeeSection B.1.
4.2.1*FireandExplosions.
4.2.2Shock.
4.2.2.1General.
4.2.2.2Control.SeeB.1.2.2.2.
4.2.3Thermal.(Reserved)
4.2.4InterruptionofPower.SeeB.1.4.1.
4.3ElectricalSystemRequirements.
4.3.1Sources.Eachapplianceofahospitalrequiringelectricallinepowerforoperationshallbesupportedbypowersourcesanddistributionsystemsthatprovidepoweradequateforeachservice.
4.3.1.1Power/UtilityCompany.(Reserved)
4.3.1.2OnSiteGeneratorSet.(Reserved)
4.3.2Distribution.
4.3.2.1ElectricalInstallation.Installationshallbeinaccordancewith NFPA70,National
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ElectricalCode.
4.3.2.2*AllPatientCareAreas.
4.3.2.2.1* Regularvoltagewiringshallcomplywiththerequirementsin 4.3.2.2.1.1through4.3.2.2.1.3.
4.3.2.2.1.1* Circuits.Branchcircuitsservingagivenpatientbedlocationshallbefedfromnotmorethanonenormalbranchcircuitdistributionpanel.Whenrequired,branchcircuitsservingagivenpatientbedlocationshallbepermittedtobefedfrom morethanoneemergencybranchcircuitdistributionpanel.
4.3.2.2.1.2 CriticalCareAreas.Theseareasshallbeservedbycircuitsfromcriticalbranchpanel(s)servedfromasingleautomatictransferswitchandaminimumofonecircuitservedbythenormalpowerdistributionsystemorbyasystemoriginatingfromasecondcriticalbranchtransferswitch.
4.3.2.2.1.3 SpecialPurposeOutlets.Branchcircuitsservingonlyspecialpurposeoutletsorreceptacles(e.g.,portableXrayreceptacles)shallnotberequiredtoconformtotherequirementsof 4.3.2.2.1.2.
4.3.2.2.2 Groundingrequirementsshallcomplywiththerequirementsin 4.3.2.2.2.1through4.3.2.2.2.4.
4.3.2.2.2.1 GroundingCircuitryIntegrity.Groundingcircuitsandconductorsinpatientcareareasshallbeinstalledinsuchawaythatthecontinuityofotherpartsofthosecircuitscannotbeinterruptednortheresistanceraisedaboveanacceptablelevelbytheinstallation,removal,andreplacementofanyinstalle