NEXT Sovereignty, Authority and Power (20%) NEXT Political Institutions (35%)
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Transcript of NEXT Sovereignty, Authority and Power (20%) NEXT Political Institutions (35%)
NEXT
NEXT
Sovereignty, Authority and Power (20%)
NEXT
Political Institutions(35%)
NEXT
Citizens, Society, and State (15%)
NEXT
Political and Economic Change (15%)
NEXT
Public Policy(10%)
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5 10Sovereignty, Authority and
Power
Political Institutions
Citizens, Society and State
Political and Economic Change
Public Policy
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Team OneTeam One
Team TwoTeam Two
Team ThreeTeam Three
Team FourTeam Four
Team FiveTeam Five
Team SixTeam Six
Topic 1
Question for 5 Points
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companies owned or controlled by the state in the third world
parastatals
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the president (or military general in power) is the head of an elaborate patron-client system and dispenses government jobs and resources as rewards to supporters. Cabinet positions, bureaucracy chiefs and all other government positions are part of the president's patronage system
patrimonialism
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a process whereby the state co-opts members of the public by providing specific benefits or favors to a small group in return for public support
clientelism
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the process by which individuals are brought into a beneficial relationship with the state, making them dependent on the state for certain rewards.
Co-optation
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The Leninist organizational structure that concentrates power in the hands of the party elite; rule by the few for the good of the many
democratic centralism
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The part of the government composed of technical experts and others who remain from administration to administration
bureaucracy
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A new type of political party that began to emerge in the 1960s
that plays down ideology in order to attract more voters
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catch-all parties
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The top policy-making and executive body of a communist party state
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politburo
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The Soviet system of lists that facilitated the CPSU's
appointment of trusted people to key positions, adopted by other
communist regimes.
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nomenklatura
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(1) set of institutions and people formally authorized by formal
documents such as a constituion to pass laws, issue regulations, control the police, etc. (2) the leadership or elite in charge of
running the state
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government
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people accept the rules and the elites, join groups that bind them to their diverse communities, and
are able to resist antisystem protest, making the state
resistant to sweeping change
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Civic culture
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mutually supportive alliance between interest group, bureaucracy and political elite
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Iron triangle
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an economy which is heavily supported by state expenditures,
while the state receives 'rent' from other countries, e.g., by
leasing out oil fields
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Rentier economy
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The shift during the last half century from an economy based
primarily on industry and manufacturing to one in which
the majority of people are employed in the service sector,
which produces the bulk of profits
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postindustrialism
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the ability of the state to wield power to carry out basic tasks,
such as defending territory, making and enforcing rules,
collecting taxes, and managing the economy
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capacity
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A statistical tool that attempts to estimate the buying power of
income across different countries by using prices in the United
States as a benchmark
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Purchasing-power parity (PPP)
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a mercantilist strategy for economic growth in which a
country seeks out technologies and develops industries focused specifically on the export market
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export-oriented industrialization
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resurgence of capitalism and markets; change of state policy
toward more open economics and less government intevention in
the economy
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Economic liberalization
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development strategy that uses tariffs and other barriers to imports, thereby stimulating
domestic industries
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Import substitution
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development strategy that stresses integration into global markets and
privatization. Supported by the World Bank, the IMF and other major northern financial
institutions; a policy of economic liberalization adopted in exchange for
financial support from liberal international organizations, typically includes privatizing state-run firms, ending subsidies, reducing
tariff barriers, shrinking the size of the state, and welcoming foreign investment
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Structural adjustment
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a radical critique of mainstream economic theory that stresses the
continued power the north has over the third world
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Dependency theory
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state bureaucracy which explicitly allocates resources by planning what should be produced and in what amounts, setting the final
prices of these goods, and deciding where they should be
sold.
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Central planning
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rapid economic and political change that transforms a country
into a stable nation with democratizing political
institutions, a growing economy, and an expanding web of
nongovernmental institutions (examples: Mexico, Iran)
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Compressed modernity
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Topic 5
Question for 20 Points
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Under Mikhail Gorbachev, Soviet policies that opened up the system and allowed for freedom of expression.
glasnost
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An indirect form of imperialism in which powerful countries overly influence the economies of less-
developed countries
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neocolonialism
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“Big Points”
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Big Points
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