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Caravel, a small, light ship with triangular sails.

An Age of Explorations and Isolation,1400–1800

Motivated by Christian faith and a desire for profit, Europeans explore distant lands,.

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An Age of Explorations and Isolation,1400–1800

SECTION 1 Europeans Explore the East

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Chapter Overview

Seeking spices and converts, European nations lead successful voyages of exploration to the East.

19CHAPTER An Age of Explorations

and Isolation, 1400–1800

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Section 1

Europeans Explorethe East

Know: Three Advances in sailing technology. Three reasons for Spanish Exploration.Three Spanish Explorers and their significance.

Show: As groups complete a timeline and answer two questions.

The desire for profit and the hope of spreading Christianity motivate European exploration, and new technology makes it possible. The Portuguese dominate exploration until other Europeans, especially the Dutch, establish their own trading empires.

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Key Idea

Europeans Explore the East

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MAIN IDEA WHY IT MATTERS NOW

Driven by the desire for wealth and Christian converts, Europeans began an age of exploration.

European exploration was an important step toward the global interaction that characterizes the world today.

Overview

Europeans Explore the East

1

AssessmentAssessment

• Bartolomeu Dias

• Prince Henry

• Vasco da Gama

• Treaty of Tordesillas

• Dutch East India Company

TERMS & NAMES

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For “God, Glory, and Gold”

Europeans Explore the East SECTION

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For “God, Glory, and Gold”

Europeans Explore the East

Early Contact Limited• New desire for contact with Asia develops in

Europe in early 1400s

Europeans Seek New Trade Routes• Search for spices and profitsSearch for spices and profits

• High demand for spicesHigh demand for spices

• Italy had a monopoly on spicesItaly had a monopoly on spices

• Other countries wanted a piece of spice tradeOther countries wanted a piece of spice trade• Main reason for exploration is to gain wealth• Contact during Crusades spurs demand for Asian

goods• Muslims and Italians control trade from East to West• Other European nations want to bypass these powers

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Continued . . .

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The Spread of Christianity• Desire to spread Christianity also spurs exploration• Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu Dias wants to

serve God and king

Technology Makes Exploration Possible• In 1400s, the caravel makes it possible to sail

against wind• Astrolabe makes navigation easier• Magnetic compass improves tracking of direction

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Dias

Write down the answer before the question disappears.

What were the three reasons for Spanish Exploration?

What were three improvements made to help in Spanish Exploration?

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Portugal Leads the Way

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The Portuguese Explore Africa• Prince Henry, “The Navigator”“The Navigator” the son of Portugal’s king,

supports exploration• In 1419, he founds navigation school on coast of

Portugal• By 1460, Portuguese have trading posts along

west coast of Africa•Never sailed unchartered waters himselfNever sailed unchartered waters himself

•Paid for voyagesPaid for voyages

•1441 - First Portuguese ship to bring back African gold 1441 - First Portuguese ship to bring back African gold and slavesand slaves•Plague caused serious labor shortagePlague caused serious labor shortage•Brought back African slavesBrought back African slaves

Portuguese Sailors Reach Asia• In 1488, Dias sails around southern tip of Africa,• Cape of Storms - renamed Cape of Good HopeCape of Storms - renamed Cape of Good Hope• In 1498, Vasco da Gama sails to India• In 1499, da Gama returns to Portugal with

valuable cargo, Cinnamon and PepperCinnamon and Pepper

ImageInteractive

Write down the answer before the question disappears.

He founded navigation schools on coast of Portugal.

First to sail around the southern tip of Africa

First European to sail to India

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Spain Also Makes Claims A Rival Power• In 1492, Christopher Columbus sails for Spain• Convinces Spanish to support plan to reach Asia by sailing west•Queen Isabella approved planQueen Isabella approved plan

•3 ships - Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria3 ships - Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria

•Reached island of San Salvador “Holy Savior” by Cuba, Reached island of San Salvador “Holy Savior” by Cuba, BahamasBahamas

•Met Arawaks “locals” - thought Americas was AsiaMet Arawaks “locals” - thought Americas was Asia

•Crossed 3 more times, 1493, 1498, 1502Crossed 3 more times, 1493, 1498, 1502

•Launched Spain to forefront of explorationLaunched Spain to forefront of exploration• Reaches the Americas instead• Opens Americas to exploration and colonization• Agreement formalized by Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 -Line of Demarcation• In 1493, pope divides these lands

between Spain and Portugal

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Trading Empires in the Indian Ocean

Portugal’s Trading Empire• In 1509, Portugal defeats Muslims, takes over

Indian Ocean trade• In 1510, Portugal captures Goa, port city in

western India• In 1511, Portugal seizes Malacca, on Malay

Peninsula• These gains break Muslim-Italian hold on Asian

trade

Vasco Nunez De Balboa - 1513Vasco Nunez De Balboa - 1513•Crossed Isthmus of PanamaCrossed Isthmus of Panama

•Found Pacific OceanFound Pacific Ocean

•Claimed Pacific Ocean for SpainClaimed Pacific Ocean for Spain

Amerigo Vespucci - 1499 - 1501, ItalyAmerigo Vespucci - 1499 - 1501, Italy•Explored coast of BrazilExplored coast of Brazil

•Described Brazil as new not AsiaDescribed Brazil as new not Asia

•Continent named after himContinent named after him

Continued . . .

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Line of DemarcationLine of Demarcation•Divided lands that Spain and Portugal discovered by imaginary line through Atlantic Divided lands that Spain and Portugal discovered by imaginary line through Atlantic Ocean Ocean

•Portugal claims BrazilPortugal claims Brazil

Continued . . .