Newspaper article – what could the caption be?

What’s in a picture?

Task: you have been given a photo. You need to write some questions about it beginning with...Who ...?What...?Where ...?Why ...?When ...?How ...?

Why is the ground like this?

Who is to blame?

What could we do to help?

How does it affect the man and his son?

Is he right?

https://www.ted.com/talks/allan_savory_how_to_green_the_world_s_deserts_and_reverse_climate_change

What is desertification?

• The spread of desert like conditions in semi-arid environments (e.g. Savannahs). It is a long term change in the characteristics of the ecosystem such as plant life, vegetation and soil characteristics which are impoverished.

• Desertification is not the same as short term drought – but droughts can help cause desertification.

Which areas are vulnerable?

Vulnerability: Red = very high Orange = high Yellow = moderate

Describe the regions of the world which are most at risk from desertification.

The area of greatest risk: The Sahel

Location: South of the Sahara

desert / North of the savanna grasslands

Which countries does the Sahel go

through?

Soil Sustainability

objective – Why are some soil areas under threat from soil erosion and desertification?

Case study – The Sahel/Chad1. Causes

2. Consequences3. Management

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfbM-DNMnNg&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9RxnuBiFbg&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ko3Z3ygo_k&feature=relmfu

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-MYQYKQXhIhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUC8xYIJR-Qhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xF53roRTrtw

What is The Sahel like?

• Semi-arid area.

• Average rainfall?

• Periods of rainfall and drought.

• Supports small bushes.

• Wind battered trees.

Physical reasons for desertification in The Sahel

• 1950/60’s - above average rainfall, causing nomadic herders to settle and farmers to intensify agriculture.

• 1970’s - below average rainfall leading to extreme drought. Crops and animals die. Desert advances.

Vegetation roots bind

soil.Vegetation

dies.Soil is left exposed.

Sun bakes the soil and it

cracks.

Wind blows away soil.

No leaves to intercept rain. Soil is washed

away.

The soil is degraded,

losing fertility and structure.

Physical reasons for desertification in The Sahel

http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/interactive/2012/06/2012618145252317756.html

Dry grassland on the edge of a desert

Grassland becomes desert

Overgrazing Over-

cropping

Hot dry seasons

Deforestation

Using the information from the previous slides, cut your statements out and try to arrange them to show the process of desertification and explain how it happens.

Using the information from the previous slides, cut your statements out and try to arrange them to show the process of desertification and explain how it happens. Do this next to a map of the sahel area.

9

10

1

2 3

4 5

6

7

8

Soil Sustainability

objective – Why are some soil areas under threat from soil erosion and desertification?

Case study – The Sahel/Chad1. Causes

2. Consequences3. Management – next week

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfbM-DNMnNg&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9RxnuBiFbg&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ko3Z3ygo_k&feature=relmfu

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-MYQYKQXhIhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUC8xYIJR-Qhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xF53roRTrtw

http://earthreform.org/lakechaddesertification /https://www.google.com.ph/webhp?sourceid=chrome-instant&ion=1&espv=2&ie=UTF-8#q=desertification%20chad

Cause How does it lead to desertification? Specifics about Sahel/Chad

Desertification definition:

Drought/Global Warming

Population pressure

The Sahel has rapid population growth. Chad’s population has doubled in the last 30 years and will double again by 2035. This leads to….

Fuel supply

Overgrazing

War

Migration

Soil Sustainability

objective – Why are some soil areas under threat from soil erosion and desertification?

Case study – The Sahel/Chad1. Causes

2. Consequences3. Management

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfbM-DNMnNg&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w9RxnuBiFbg&feature=relatedhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9ko3Z3ygo_k&feature=relmfu

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c-MYQYKQXhIhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUC8xYIJR-Qhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xF53roRTrtw