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New York State Defenders Association 2000 Annual Report to the Membership New York State Defenders Association 194 Washington Avenue, Suite 500 Albany, NY 12210-2314 www.nysda.org

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New York State Defenders Association

2000

Annual Reportto the

Membership

New York State Defenders Association194 Washington Avenue, Suite 500

Albany, NY 12210-2314

www.nysda.org

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NYSDA in 2000 i

New York State Defenders AssociationInvigorating and Envisioning Public Defense—NYSDA in 2000

New York State Defenders Association194 Washington Avenue, Suite 500Albany, NY 12210-2314

voice (518) 465-3524fax (518) 465-3249

www.nysda.org

Table of ContentsTable of ContentsTable of ContentsTable of Contents

NYSDA—The Association

Mission Statement . . . . . . . iiiOfficers . . . . . . . iiiDirectors . . . . . . . iiiAdvisory Board . . . . . . . iiiGoverning Principles for Public Defense Services. . . . . . . 11Members 2000. . . . . . . 12Membership Form . . . . . . . 19Annual Report of Directors Pursuant to Not-for-Profit Corporation Law 519 . . . . . . . 21

NYSDA—The Public Defense Backup Center

Staff . . . . . . . iiiIntroduction—Invigorating and Envisioning

Public Defense . . . . . . . 1

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NYSDA in 2000 ii

Invigorating Public Defense

Defender Automation . . . . . . . 1Public Defense Case Management System . . . . . . . 1Backup Center Automation . . . . . . . 1Case Digest System . . . . . . . 2www.nysda.org . . . . . . . 2

Consultation and the Clearinghouse . . . . . . . 2Direct Defender Services . . . . . . . 2Criminal Defense Immigration Project . . . . . . . 3

Publications . . . . . . . 3Representing Noncitizen Criminal Defendants in

New York State 2nd Edition. . . . . . . 3Public Defense Backup Center REPORT. . . . . . 3

Amicus Activity. . . . . . . 3Immigration Issues . . . . . . . 3Vindictive Sentencing after Successful Appeal . . . . . . . 4Attica Liability . . . . . . . 4

MCLE Training. . . . . . . 4Defender Institute Basic Trial Skills Program and Mini-BTSP . . . . . . . 5Regional Trainings . . . . . . . 5Special-Issue and Joint Trainings. . . . . . . 532nd Annual Meeting and Conference . . . . . . . 6

Envisioning Public Defense

NYSDA Retreat . . . . . . . 6Reinvigorating the Client Advisory Board . . . . . . . 6Public Defense Leadership . . . . . . . 7

Chief Defender Convening . . . . . . . 7New York Public Defense in National Context . . . . . . . 7

Criminal Justice Research, Technical Assistance & Legislative Analysis. . 8Hearings with the League of Women Voters . . . . . . . 9Testimony, Advocacy, and Comment . . . . . . . 9Public Education . . . . . . . 10Activities with the Gideon Coalition . . . . . . . 10

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NYSDA in 2000 iii

Mission StatementThe New York State Defenders Association, a not-for-profit, membership

organization, has been providing support to New York's criminal defense communitysince 1967. Its mission is to improve the quality and scope of publicly supported legalrepresentation to low income people.

OfficersEdward J. Nowak, PresidentNorman Effman, Vice PresidentPeter L. McShane, Vice PresidentNorman Shapiro, Vice PresidentMerble H. Reagon, SecretaryMarsha Weissman, Treasurer

DirectorsDirectorsDirectorsDirectorsJohn H. Ciulla, Jr.Andrew C. FineSusan R. HornGary A. HortonDavid L. LewisRobert D. LonskiMark J. MahoneyMichele Maxian

Leonard E. NoisetteRobert M. O'LearyJohn W. Parker, IIILouise PerrottaStephen J. PittariDavid SteinbergRobin G. SteinbergWilliam P. Sullivan, Jr.

StaffJonathan Gradess, Executive DirectorCharles F. O’Brien, Managing AttorneyBarbara Baggott, Executive Assistant

Dawn Allert, Office CoordinatorDavid L. Austin, MIS DirectorStephanie Batcheller, Staff AttorneyThomas Brewer, Criminal Justice InternBrandon Calore, Library InternMardi Crawford, Staff AttorneyNyree Dickson, ReceptionistKate Dixon, Law LibrarianDarlene Dollard, Information Systems

SpecialistMary Durgee, AccountantMatt Hawkins, Law InternTara Hoffman, Training CoordinatorChristian Kennedy, Law InternAman L. McLeod, Law Intern

Sybil A. McPherson, Staff AttorneyAdam Michelini, Law InternAlfred O’Connor, Staff AttorneyValerie Palmieri, SecretaryJames Pogorzelski, Information

Systems SpecialistWendy Pogorzelski, Research

AssociateBarbara Ryn, Criminal Justice InternDaniel Shiner, Law InternKennard Strutin, Legal Information

ConsultantManuel D. Vargas, Director, Criminal

Defense Immigration ProjectRichard Corey Worcester, Law Intern

Advisory BoardMarion Hathaway, ChairRobert FlunoryAlice GreenEdith JonesDarryl KingPaquita Wheeler

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NYSDA in 2000 1

Introduction—Invigorating and Envisioning Public DefenseThe two basic tenets of the New York State Defenders Association’s mission

are to provide support to New York's public defense community andto improve the quality and scope of publicly supported legalrepresentation to low-income people. These are overlapping butnot identical responsibilities. NYSDA in 2000 seeks to invigoratepublic defense by providing help to existing programs andindividuals representing clients in courts across the state. At the

same time, NYSDA seeks to envision public defense as it should be and to makethat vision a reality.

Invigorating Public Defense in New York StateNYSDA’s efforts to invigorate public defense take many forms. NYSDA is

the only state-wide entity in New York dedicated to improving the quality of publiclyprovided legal representation. It is required by a contract with New York Stateto offer, through its Public Defense Backup Center, a variety of services—substantive, procedural, and professional. From automation that makes offices moreefficient to training that makes lawyers more effective, the Backup Center offersimmediate assistance to public defense providers and seeks new solutions to old,recurring problems.

Defender Automation

Public Defense Case Management System: Software specifically designed byNYSDA and New York public defense offices is now installed and running in selectlocations, with more to follow as quickly as the time and stamina of the PDCMS teamwill allow. A lengthy development process has now paid off with a product that workswell and will continue to be supported. Managing cases—screening for conflicts,controlling staff caseloads and calendars,producing state-required reports, etc.—iseasier and faster with the PDCMS. Publicdefense providers can apply that savedtime and energy toward improving therepresentation their clients receive.

Backup Center Automation: Just as itdeveloped the PDCMS to improve theefficiency of offices offering directrepresentation, the Backup Center isworking to improve the efficiency of its own support services by upgrading its internalinformation systems. In the past year staff have worked to design, develop, andimplement up-to-date software for tracking inquiries the Backup Center receives. Inaddition, increasing use of automated research tools and databases is helping theBackup Center anticipate future needs and design better solutions to the problemsfaced by public defense providers.

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NYSDA in 2000

Case Digest System: New caselaw is becoming increasingly available electronically.Commercial legal publishers, law schools, and courts are offering opinions via theInternet on the day they are issued. This welcome deluge of data can, however,sometimes overwhelm rather than assist a public defense practitioner. Therefore,NYSDA continues to provide case digests tailored to the New York State public defenselawyer. Published first in the Association’s newsletter, these selected New York andUnited States Supreme Court summaries are then pressed onto fully searchable disks,narrowing the realm of judicial information to a manageable size for quick reference andinitial research.

www.nysda.org: Immeasurable amounts of information are available at NYSDA’s website. Backup Center computerexperts work with the InformationConsultant and NYSDA legal staffto keep the site current. Thecooperation of other public defenseagencies multiplies the informationavailable. From a searchable expertdatabase to research links, fromlegislation to media stories, fromsubstantive legal issues to the latestdevelopments regarding indigentdefense systems, public defenseteams—and the public—can getanswers at www.nysda.org.

Consultation and the ClearingDirect Defender Services: Criminal defencharges pending against clients. Without h

become as overwbureaucratic factoof poor persons. DBackup Center inabout conflicts of issues, expert witinquiries about theattorneys to obtailitigation necessitiholdings, on the Instarved public defattorney to help thcounty while char

consultation on new legal theories are just county in the state who are served by the B

NYSDA’s web site is ranked #32,154 out of 677,689domains by WebsMostLinked.com.

2

housese work is often about much more than theelp, isolated public defense lawyers mayhelmed as their clients by the economic andrs that entwine with the criminal prosecutionsirect defender services offered by the

clude: answering questions from the fieldinterest, new legislation, unusual legalness referrals, and more; responding to clientir rights; helping eligible clients and their

n publicly-provided experts and otheres; and locating resources in NYSDA’sternet, and in other programs. Resource-

ense programs, local prisoners who have noem because they are incarcerated in one

ged in another, and creative lawyers seekingsome of the hundreds of people from everyackup Center.

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NYSDA in 2000 3

Criminal Defense Immigration Project: When the client is a noncitizen, defenselawyers are faced with another mass of information to consider before giving legal

advice. Immigration laws passed in the ‘90s put morenoncitizens at risk for removal, and the number of noncitizenclients is growing. As a result, new questions arise for publicdefense lawyers. What exactly is the client’s immigrationstatus, and how should that affect the defense strategy? Willan otherwise favorable disposition by guilty plea lead to theclient’s removal from the country? To ensure the quality ofrepresentation provided to noncitizens who cannot affordcounsel, NYSDA’s Criminal Defense Immigration Projectoffers backup support by phone, updated information on theNYSDA web site (www.nysda.org) and in other publicationsas set out below, and amicus assistance in selected cases.

PublicationsRepresenting Noncitizen Criminal Defendants in New York State 2nd Edition:NYSDA, through its Criminal Defense Immigration Project, distributed hundreds ofcopies of the immigration law manual created in 1998 specifically for criminal defenseattorneys representing noncitizens. Due to rapid changes in this area of the law, acompletely updated second edition of the manual was completed in February 2000and distributed to public defense offices around the state. It is available through theBackup Center.

Public Defense Backup Center REPORT: Defense Practice Tips, other proceduraland substantive criminal law developments, reprints of substantive articles from othercriminal defense publications, and motivational bits of public defense news from aroundthe state and the country are just some of the items often included in NYSDA’s monthlynewsletter. The REPORT seeks to both invigorate current public defense and sharevisions of future improvements. Every issue contains digests of selected appellatecases that are then included in updatesof the Case Digest System. TheREPORT now appears on the NYSDAweb site immediately upon completion.Print copies are mailed to members,New York State public defense offices,and prison law libraries.

Amicus ActivityNYSDA files “friend of the court”

(amicus curiae) briefs in important cases to invigorate advocacy on legal issues thatimpact NYSDA members, clients, the public defense and criminal defense communities,and society at large. Several briefs were filed in the last year.

Immigration Issues: The Association urged through its Criminal Defense ImmigrationProject that courts not retroactively apply a 1996 federal law providing new bases for

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NYSDA in 2000 4

the removal of noncitizens. In some instances, noncitizen residents who came to theUnited States as children and have no ties to their country of origin have been deportedfor minor offenses committed here decades ago. NYSDA filed amicus briefs on thisissue in the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit in Pottinger v. Reno,(filed 3/16/00, joined by other amici) and Calcano-Martinez v. Reno (filed 11/12/99).

Another immigration stance advocated by the Project is that New York youthfuloffender adjudications should not constitute “convictions” for immigration law purposes.To deport noncitizens based on youthful offenses found by a state court to warrant onlymoderate legal consequences is not in the best interest of noncitizens or of New York.The Association, which filed as amicus on this issue last year, was again grantedamicus status before the Board of Immigration Appeals. Matter of Das (filed 9/15/99).

Vindictive Sentencing after Successful Appeal: Adecade ago, NYSDA supported as amicus a positionadopted by the Court of Appeals—a longer sentenceimposed after a successful appeal and reconviction ispresumptively vindictive. People v. Van Pelt, 76 NY2d156 (1990). Seeking to protect that position, theAssociation filed an amicus brief (accepted 9/21/99) inthe case of Rudolph Young. He had successfullyappealed a multi-count conviction, was acquitted onretrial of all but one count, and received for that count a

25-to-life sentence as a persistent felony offender. He had received, after the initialconvictions, sentences that in the aggregate totaled 45 years to life, but on the onlycount for which he was again convicted, he had originally received only a two-to-four-year sentence. The Court found that this drastic increase was not error. People v.Young, 94 NY2d 171 (1999).

Attica Liability: In 1998, NYSDA signed on to an amicus brief in the 2nd Circuit insupport of a district court finding that state officials had violated the 8th Amendmentduring the 1971 Attica prison uprising. In August 1999, the court reversed andremanded the case. In its concluding paragraph, the court noted that the State of NewYork, had, with the district court's acquiescence, delayedresolution, and added: “That strategy can no longer be tolerated.The district court should not hesitate to resort to appropriatesanctions to induce the defendants to cooperate in promptlyresolving this matter.” In January 2000 the state agreed to setaside $12 million for a settlement, about $8 million specificallyearmarked for prisoners.

MCLE TrainingGood training invigorates lawyers and improves the legal

services they provide. However, the cost of continuing legaleducation—which is mandatory in New York State—can bedaunting for public defense providers, who face some problemsnot encountered in other practices. NYSDA provides affordableMCLE programs designed specifically for these lawyers.

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Defender Institute Basic Trial Skills Program and Mini-BTSP: Fifty-five trialattorneys who represent low-income clients in 25 counties across the state came toTroy, NY in June 2000 for the Defender Institute Basic Trial Skills Program (BTSP).They left at the end of the week revitalized: “An effective means of learning about yourclients and yourself. It helped you to recommit to what you're doing," one participantsaid. Skilled, inspiring lawyers and communications expertsfrom around the nation helped the participants envisioneffective advocacy and provided techniques for achievingthat vision. Listening to and learning clients’ stories, thentelling those stories in ways that juries can understand, isthe heart of the BTSP.

NYSDA held a “mini” version of the BTSP earlier inthe year. This successful first-time effort, at The BronxDefenders on February 3-5, 2000, trained 10 lawyers usingcore principles and techniques developed for the weeklong trial advocacy course.

Regional Trainings: The Empire State encompasses distances that, for many, deterattendance at one-day or half-day seminars in Albany or the City. NYSDA broughtstimulating presenters with up-to-date knowledge and skill to several locations during

the past year. The Association’s MCLE programsincluded “Creative Defense Lawyering: New Strategiesand Techniques to Win, ” in 1999 in Rochester, NYand “1999 Criminal Law Update on RecentDevelopments in Criminal Law & Procedure andRecent Developments in the Right to Counsel” inSyracuse, NY. For those in the New York City area,NYSDA conducted “Recent Developments in the Rightto Counsel Under the State Constitution” for the NewYork County Defender Services in 1999, andpresented its 14th Annual Metropolitan Trainer at NYULaw School in March 2000.

Special-Issue and Joint Trainings: NYSDA cosponsored with the Association of theBar of the City of New York three downstate trainings on Immigration Consequences, inMay 2000. Other co-sponsored trainings included“Assigned Counsel Criminal Appeals Seminar,”“Assigned Counsel Family Court Appeals,” and the“Monroe County Trainer,” all in Rochester, NY in May2000. The Criminal Defense Immigration ProjectDirector participated in a New York State Associationof Criminal Defense Lawyers MCLE panel presentationon “Immigration Consequences of CriminalConvictions” in 1999 in New York City.

The Backup Center’s Managing Attorney co-presented a lecture on “InternetResources for Criminal Defense Lawyers” at NYSACDL’s 1999 MCLE program in

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Poughkeepsie, NY. A Backup Center Staff Attorney made a PowerPoint presentation on“Jenna’s Law” at NYSACDL trainers in New York City and Buffalo in the fall of 1999.

32nd Annual Meeting and Conference: The MCLEpresentations at the Association’s 1999 annualconference in Glens Falls, NY were high-quality andlively, with several presenters using computer-generated audio/visuals and one including a role-playing videotape. As always, materials from thisconference and other trainings are available at a lowcost to attorneys who could not attend. Informationabout the materials is publicized in the REPORT andon the NYSDA web site.

Envisioning Public Defense

In addition to providing immediateassistance to public defense providers and theirclients, NYSDA is charged, by its membershipand through its contract with New York State, withreviewing, assessing and analyzing publicdefense, identifying problem areas, and proposingsolutions. In the past year, NYSDA has takenconcrete steps to increase and improve thisaspect of its work.

NYSDA RetreatThe NYSDA Backup Center staff

participated in a January 2000 training/communication retreat to discuss goals and

strategies for carrying out NYSDA’s mission. Brainstorming and other techniques werebrought to bear on the unavoidable tension between the Backup Center’s ever-more-ambitious efforts to provide day-to-day services and the need to dedicate time andresources to the analytical side of the Association’s charge. The retreat was but onestep in NYSDA’s efforts to envision public defense as it should be and infuse life intothat vision.

Reinvigorating the Client Advisory BoardAs a major step to envisioning public defense as it should be, the Executive

Director has appointed new, active members to the Advisory Board. The Association’sby-laws mandate an advisory board, at least half of whom must be “poor people or theirlegitimate representatives.” This board is to advise the Executive Director concerningNYSDA’s community programs and assist in designing, executing, and evaluatingthose programs.

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Public Defense LeadershipIn the process of envisioning public defense as it should be, NYSDA is both

relying on and building the leadership abilities of its board, its membership, and othersdedicated to improving the quality of representation provided to poor people.

Chief Defender Convening: Bringing together public defense office heads from aroundthe state to discuss and suggest action on public defense issues and reforms, NYSDAconducted a Chief Defender Convening in Albany, NY in December 1999. The chiefsagreed on a set of governing principles for public defense services, a list that nowinforms the Association's envisioning of defense services (see pg. 11).

Chief Judge Judith Kaye andDeputy Chief Administrative Judge forJustice Initiatives Juanita Bing Newtonaccepted an invitation to participate inpart of the convening. An early point ofagreement between several chiefs andChief Judge Kaye was her emphaticsupport for an increase in assignedcounsel fees. In addition to discussingramifications of the fee issue, publicdefense lawyer managers from a variety of programs described to both judges severalways that poor people and their lawyers fare badly in the current system. Judge Newtonresponded approvingly to a suggestion that a committee of chief defenders advise thecourt about the effects of court procedures and plans on public defense.

New York Public Defense in National Context:Indigent Defense 2000. Judge Newton and other New York State officials with a varietyof interests in public defense joined NYSDA’s Executive Director in Washington, DC inJune 2000 for a national discussion of issues similar to those raised at the convening.The Office of the Assistant Attorney General and the Bureau of Justice Assistance,

Office of Justice Programs, United States Department ofJustice sponsored the conference. States that have no unifiedsystem for providing public defense were urged by thesponsors to send delegates who had a statewide view. Theother members joining NYSDA in a delegation were thepresident-elect of the New York State District AttorneysAssociation, the Executive Director of the Division of Parole,and the Executive Director of the Center for CommunityAlternatives, an alternative to incarceration program based inSyracuse, NY.

NYSDA’s Managing Attorney was invited as aconference presenter to describe the Backup Center as amodel for improving indigent defense in other states. Other

defense teams and chief defenders from New York State also attended IndigentDefense 2000. NYSDA has been involved in a number of national meetings in the pastyear in a continuing effort to see New York issues in a national context.

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National Legal Aid and Defender Association. The Backup Center’s ManagingAttorney and Information Consultant attended NLADA’s annual conference in Long

Beach, CA last November. They presented training onusing the Internet for legal research, attendedsubstantive legal training sessions, and talked withcolleagues from around the country about publicdefense trends, including a movement toward statewidesystems.

National Defender Leadership Laboratory. TheExecutive Director went to Washington, DC in April2000 to participate in a program sponsored by the VeraInstitute of Justice’s National Defender LeadershipProject. The lab, not a roundtable discussion but atechnique-oriented training, taught public defensemanagers how to take a more active role in explainingor advocating for their programs in their communities, inthe media, and elsewhere. Central to effective

advocacy for a public defense program is a vision of not only what it is, but also what itis supposed to be.

1999 National Survey of Indigent Defense Systems. NYSDA has served as staterepresentative/contact for the Bureau of Justice Assistance public defense project,which has undertaken the first nationalsurvey of public defense systems since1983. By doing so, NYSDA has sought toensure that New York is properlyrepresented in the results, to buildrelationships with national and state publicdefense entities, and to obtain information helpful for its own role of invigorating andenvisioning public defense.

Criminal Justice Research, Technical Assistance, andLegislative Analysis

The national survey above is being tabulated thirty-seven years after the UnitedStates Supreme Court’s decision in Gideon v. Wainwright ushered in institutionalizedprovision of public defense services across the nation. Similar information on a stateand local level is needed as well. A wealth of experience by individual providers cannotmake up for a dearth of accurate, up-to-date data about how these services are—or arenot—working. Long deprived of enough funds to function day-to-day, public defenseoffices rarely have time, energy, or money to do the type of “customer satisfaction”research that private law firms are turning to with increasing frequency. NYSDA, as itseeks to envision public defense as it should be, is also working to gather the datanecessary to understand public defense as it currently is.

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Hearings with the League of Women Voters: Continuing a process begun in late1998, the Association is working with the League of Women Voters of New York to raisethe visibility of public defense issues and to collect thedata to support recommendations for change. Fulltranscripts of fact finding hearings on indigent defenseheld across the state are now available on the NYSDAweb site. The Backup Center’s Criminal JusticeResearch Unit has combed these transcripts forinformation regarding a number of specific issues.NYSDA has presented the results of their work in a number of venues described below.

An additional fact finding hearing was held atthe NYSDA office in April 2000 on the effectsincarceration has on the families of prisoners.

Testimony, Advocacy, and Comment: NYSDAhas advocated in many forums in the past year forchanges needed to make public defense in NewYork State what it should be. During the fall of 1999,the Executive Director worked with an Assigned

Counsel Fees Group created under the direction of the Deputy Chief AdministrativeJudge for Justice Initiatives seeking to develop a comprehensive proposal on assignedcounsel fees.

NYSDA’s Executive Director, assisted by theResearch Associate, made a presentation in March2000 to the Orange County Magistrates Associationsetting out legal and policy issues to consider whenestablishing eligibility guidelines for defense services.

Three months later, that same team presentedtestimony at a Public Hearing held in New York City bythe New York State Assembly committees on Codes, Children and Families, andCorrection, on the Effects of Incarceration on Families of Inmates. These twopresentations demonstrate the breadth of NYSDA’s vision of what public defenseshould be—it should be available to all persons unable to afford counsel from the firstmoment that the criminal justice system touches them, and must be involved not justwith the legal procedures that lead to case disposition but with the realities of what thedisposition will mean for the client.

In response to a request from the First Department's Committee onRepresentation of the Poor, the Executive Director provided written testimony on June14, 2000. He said that any governing body for public defense should be independent,should enforce standards of representation that include client satisfaction as a measure,and should not be controlled by the judiciary or any other government branch. He also

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NYSDA in 2000 10

urged the Committee to view its work in the context of the statewide disarray inproviding defense services.

Public Education: In addition to respondingto individual inquiries from members of thepublic and the press about case-specific andsystemic issues, NYSDA proactively acts toeducate the public about indigent defense. Forexample, in February 2000 the ExecutiveDirector made a guest appearance on radio station WRPI to talk about public defenseservices. He was a guest lecturer at Queens College in March 2000. Appearing on aJune 6 public panel on assigned counsel fees, sponsored by The Fund for ModernCourts, he was joined by two members of the Indigent Defense 2000 delegation—

District Attorneys Associationpresident-elect Robert Carney andJudge Juanita Bing Newton.

Activities with the Gideon Coalition:In an annual event that includes apublic education component as well aslegislative advocacy, the Associationagain participated in activities of the

Gideon Coalition. Composed not just of public defense programs but also barassociations, the League of Women Voters of New York and others, the Coalitionmarked the anniversary of the Gideon v. Wainwright decision by coming to Albany inMarch 2000 to advocate for improved public defense.

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NYSDA in 2000 11

GOVERNING PRINCIPLESFOR PUBLIC DEFENSE SERVICES

To insure that public defense attorneys in criminal cases provide zealous, highquality representation, free of conflict, the system providing such counsel must:

• Have a hiring or selection process and a funding or payment system that assuresprofessional independence.

• Effectively and efficiently screen for eligibility for the appointment of counsel.

• After a request for counsel has been made, immediately appoint and notify counselof the appointment.

• Assure that the complexity of a case shall be matched to the ability of the attorneyappointed.

• Assure that counsel's workload will be matched to his or her capacity and thatprovisions will be made for overload.

• Allow counsel to have timely and confidential access to his or her client.

• Assure that counsel has access to adequate research materials, investigators,expert witnesses, and sentencing specialists.

• Assure a role for the client community in its design, maintenance and evaluation ofquality.

• Assure that counsel is reasonably and timely compensated.

• Provide adequate training and continuing legal education for all appointed counsel.

• Allow counsel to participate in all aspects of improving the quality, cost, andeffectiveness of the entire justice system.

Adopted by New York's Chief Defenders at their Convening in Albany, New YorkDecember 16, 1999

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NYSDA MEMBERS 2000

NYSDA in 2000 12

Anthony D. AbbarnoGary AbramsonF. Stanton AckermanCarl F.W. AdamecSalvatore C. AdamoChristine AdamowiczDavid R. AddelmanMartin B. AdelmanFern AdelsteinJerry M. AderEric AdlerBurton C. AgataLouis R. AidalaMichael M. AlbaneseVictor J. Alfieri, Jr.Frank AllegrettiWilliam M. Allen, Jr.Michael AlpersteinFrancis C. AmendolaMichael C. AnastasiouKevin M. AndersenLawrence J. AndolinaDolores AndrewsJohn J. AndrewsWilliam P. AndrewsThomas E. AndruschatMarina AngelThomas M. AnsuiniJoan AntonikFrancis J. ApicellaJoseph L. ArbourMichael AronowskyTimothy E. AustinMassad F. AyoobBernard BacharachBarbara A. BaggottCharles E. BaileyJames A. BakerWilliam L. BaldufHilary C. BankerPaul BarahalRichard J. BarbutoFrank BariPeter D. BarkWilliam BarnasonDavid K. BarnesTodd BarnetBruce BaronMichael E. BasilePeter J. Batalla, Jr.Paul A. BattisteRuth E. BaumHarold BealeRichard E. Beaman

Joy BeaneRobert H. BeckArnold BeckerRosalind BectonRonald J. BekoffMyron BeldockGeorge S. BellantoniSteven B. BengartVictor BergerJoyce BerkowitzRobert BerkunJerrold BermanAdele BernhardSamuel BernsteinWillard C. BestOliver BickelRobbie BillingsleyAlan BirnholzGary BitettiDavid BlackleyDale A. Black-PenningtonGeorge R. Blair, Jr.Jon S. BlechmanDavid M. BlockJoel BlumenfeldVirginia BoccioDaniel BoeckRichard C. BoehmElyse K. BohmEdgardo BolanosRobert BolmKeith N. BondWilliam F. BonezAdrianne BonifacioAlan J. BozerElinor BraitmanKirk R. BrandtJohn BraslowStephen N. BrayRoger BrazillMark H. BrennerNancy Brenner-DeAngeloThomas E. BrettDominick J. BrignolaMr Victor L. BrizelSteven BrockettEdward J. BrockmanHoward K. BroderFelice A. BrodskyMatthew E. BrooksIra BrownHardy R. Brownell, Jr.Kenneth E. BruceRobert J. Brunetti

Justin C. BrusgulJayson A. BrustmanMichael M. BryantLinda BucherTimothy M. BulgerRaymond W. BulsonAnthony BuonoWilliam T. BurkeCatherine A. BurklyThomas K. BurnistonThomas A. BurnsJennifer BurtonSusan ButaniChristina ButlerThomas E. ButlerThomas ButtiFrank L. BybelBarbara ByrneSusan CablePaul M. CallahanSusan CalvelloOttavio CampanellaKevin B. CampbellLarry G. CampbellLinda M. CampbellVictoria CampbellWilliam V. CanaleDominic Paul CandinoThomas J. CannavoMercedes S. CanoJoseph Carbone, Jr.Antonio CardarelliJ. Roberto CardenasJohn J. Carney, IIIJay CarrRobert E. CarriganLuis CarrionJames W. CarrollJohn CarterGeorge R. CasoA. Joseph CatalanoMichael J. CatalfimoMarco CavigliaJoseph F. CawleyIrving CentorFrancis J. CeravoloNancy ChadrjianJeffrey ChamberlainElsie ChandlerJohn D. CharlesJames S. ChatwinNeil CheckmanDaniel J. ChiacchiaDavid ChidekelLeslie Ching

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NYSDA MEMBERS 2000

NYSDA in 2000 13

Michael ChmielThomas W. ChristopherSanford A. ChurchJulie CiancaMark F. CiancaRonald M. CinelliMartin CirincioneJohn H. Ciulla, Jr.David M. CiviletteJames D. ClarkPeter ClarkWilliam J. ClarkJohn ClarkePercival A. ClarkeDennis ClausDavid W. ClaytonFrances S. ClementeBryan J. CoakleyStephen R. CoffeyDavid Louis CohenLawrence Martin CohnMichael ColemanClyde CollinsCornelius F. CollinsGeorge V. Collins, IIIRichard D. CollinsElisabeth ColucciRobert ColvinKevin M. ColwellNilo V. ConcepcionJoseph R. ConnellyFrank A. ConnorDaniel C. ConnorsTerrence M. ConnorsFrancis J. ConstantineKathleen M. ContrinoRobert N. ConvissarChristine CookJoel CoppermanNancy Eraca CornishPaul Keely CostelloDavid B. CotterTheodore J. G. CotterRobert A. CovilleMardi CrawfordJames CreanCraig M. CristPeter A. CristoJohn M. CromwellAndrew CuddyAnthony R. CuetoJohn CullenCharles CummingsTimothy CurtissSteven P. Curvin

Thomas W. Cusimano, Jr.Robert J. CuttingCraig M. CwickEdward CzajaThomas C. D'AgostinoVictor G. Daly-RiveraDana M. DantonioJoyce B. DavidFrazier DavidsonCarlos DavilaJames H. DavisScott M. DavisTimothy S. DavisAlan R. DayRobert S. DeanDonald J. DeAngelusRonald P. DeAngelusJoseph F. DeFelicePeter J. DegnanTimothy W. DeJohnArthur L. Del Negro, Jr.David DelbaumVincent M. DelGiudicePaul G. DellJoseph R. DeMatteoThomas J. DeMayoMichael L. DesautelsThomas A. DeuschleEugene P. DevineCarl deVyverAnthony P. DiamondTerry DiFilippoLaura M. DilimetinDavid M. DiMatteoMitchell DinnersteinJohn James DockryJames F. DonlonJoseph F. DonnellyMary M. DonogherDavid C. DonohueKelly J. DonohueLawrence DonovanKara Mackey DopmanArthur J. Doran, IIIAlfred DorfmanCecile D. Mathis DorliaeJohn W. DornEugene DoughertyWilliam J. DowlingVincent E. Doyle, IIITimothy B. DriscollCurtis P. DrownDrew DuBrinGerard DuffySheila Dugan

David M. DuguayThomas N. DulinGeorge T. DunnJeffrey M. DvorinSidney H. DworetRobert E. DwyerRobert A. EarlDaniel G. EckerLouis A. EckerEllen EdwardsPaul R. EdwardsNorman EffmanMartin I. EfmanLouis EgnaskoAndrew EibelGary EisenbergDavid P. EklovitchJohn V. ElmoreDavid B. EpsteinJoel S. EzraLynn W. L. FaheyHerald Price FahringerFrank S. FalzoneCurtis FarberThomas C. Farley, Jr.David FarmanGary FarrellJames L. FeckGustave M. FehrerMichael A. FeitWayne FelleDavid R. FergusonNoemi FernandezJohn FerraraRobert L. FerraroDaniel FerreiraBridget FieldGregory A. FinaAndrew C. FineDaniel V. FinneranRobert A. FiordalisoRobert J. FisherSusan D. FitzpatrickJeremiah M. FlahertyBobby FlunorySteve FondulisJerry A. FowlerWilliam FrankMonroe H. FreedmanDavid E. FretzDaniel B. FriedmanKeven H. FriedmanDonald N. FriesKim FrohlingerMark D. Funk

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NYSDA MEMBERS 2000

NYSDA in 2000 14

Daniel J. FurlongNeal FuterfasWilliam G. GaborLouis J. Galgano, IIIEdward GalisonRobert D. GalloPauline M. GalvinJames M. GannaloFrancis G. GanunAlfred GarciaEdwin GarciaRobert I. GardnerThomas F. GarnerRonald L. GarnettNancy GaroSelena J. GarrJohn M. GarrityJohn B. Garrity, Jr.Patrick GarrityRobert L. GartnerAlbert A. GaudelliThomas GellerGiovanni GenoveseHoward GerberEnid GerlingDennis A. GermainWallace M. GermainBennett L. GershmanPeter GerstenzangDaniel P. GerwigJon P. GetzPaul GianelliJaime A. GiannettaJoseph GianniniKevin P. GilleeceLee GinsbergJoseph GirardiJoseph G. GoergenR. Brian GoeweyMartin R. GoldbergSteven P. GoldenbergJan D. GoldmanRobert I. GoldmanJohn GoldsmithRobert M. GoldsteinDavid GoodmanMadeleine GoodrichClifford GordonShirley A. GormanRobert GosperKelly L. GothamRobert GottliebSidney T. GoulbourneRichard A. Gould

Jonathan E. GradessRoger S. GradessJohn W. GrahamTerry GrangerDaniel P. GrassoJean M. Graziani-GreinertAlice GreenRichard GreenbergAlvin M. GreeneMichael GreenspanLee D. GreensteinJohn C. GrennellJohn A. GreshamWilliam P. Griffin, IIIPhillip A. Grimaldi, Jr.Mark GrisantiGeorge GroglioStephen A. GrossmanVictor G. GrossmanPaul L. GrunerRaymond Bernhard

GrunewaldJohn A. GuarneriBenedict S. GulloAmy Cobert HaberPaul H. HadleyLawrence HalfondJohn S. Hall, Jr.Ronald J. HallRobert B. Hallborg, Jr.Thomas P. HalleyC. Joseph Hallinan, Jr.James E. HalpinEdward R. HammockFrank J. HancockAnnette M. HardingJake HarperM. Jerald HarrellJames P. HarringtonJeffrey M. HarringtonPatricia A. HarringtonJudith L. HarrisNeal HarrisLynne L. HarrisonCharles J. HartRonald P. HartJames M. HartmannSusan HatchAdrienne Flipse HauschM. Alan HaysRobert J. HealyThomas HegemanDavid S. HellerSanders D. HellerElihu Hendon

Susan HendricksPeter HennerDaniel Henry, Jr.Harvey HerbertWarren C. HerlandAngela HernandezPhilip HershVirgil W. HerveyNicholas W. HicksMelvin T. HigginsGeorge F. HildebrandtJames HillWayne A. Hill, Jr.Kenneth R. HillerJames S. HinmanMarvin HirschAndrew J. HobikaWinston HobsonKaren HochbergJack S. HoffingerAlan S. HoffmanGregory G. Hoover, Sr.Susan R. HornJoshua E. HorowitzGary A. HortonTodd HouslangerMichael C. HowardM. Mark HowdenRobert A. HufjayMarsha A. HuntPaul V. HurleyPhillip R. HurwitzJames W. Hyde, IVAnthony Iannarelli, Jr.Joseph M. IngarraCharles E. InmanAnthony N. IrreraPernella Lee

Jackson-ThompsonErik P. JacobsenDavid W. JacquesJoseph JaffeR. Joseph JalbertTerry JamisonMark JankowitzDr. Marc JanosonJoseph T. JarzembekRichard JasperRuss JellinekFrederic JenningsJohn JennyLeona D. JochnowitzAlba S. JohnsonChristopher JohnsonLaura R. Johnson

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NYSDA MEMBERS 2000

NYSDA in 2000 15

Herbert R. JohnstonStephen A. JohnstonE. Stewart Jones, Jr.E. Thomas JonesHerbert T. JonesJames JonesMichael B. JonesSarah Taft JonesSteven R. JonesDaniel JordanJohn K. JordanAlan L. JosephRoy H. JosephsonPatrick JoyceJudy JuncoMichael D. JurenaCarol KahnRobert B. KaiserIvan KalterBarry KaminsPatrick J. KaneFredy Harrison KaplanSusan Marie KaralusDarleen V. KaraszewskiDaniel KarlinKathryn M. KaseAlan F. KatzMichael KatzerThomas P. KawalecElmer Robert Keach, IIISteven L. KeatsThomas F. KeefeEugene KeelerRaymond A. Kelly, Jr.Robert E. KellyJohn R. KennedyMark F. KennedyStephen G. KennedyJames S. KernanJames M. KerriganMitchell KesslerThomas H. KheelFrank X. KilgannonDavid KimpelTerence L. KindlonAdam KirkBruce KlangHoward KleimanEdward W. KleinFrank KleinIrwin G. KleinRobert H. KleinBenjamin J.

Klemanowicz, Jr.Victor Knapp

Lawrence J. KnickerbockerRobert KnightlyWilliam P. KnisleyMichael L. KobiolkaLarry R. KossRaymond P. Kot, IIGregory L. KottmeierJames KousourosAnthony S. KowalskiBob A. KramerPeter L. KristalKent KroemerLisa M. KroemerArnold S. KronickLeonard W. KrounerFonda Dawn KubiakJudith M. KubiniecPaul W. KullmanStephen KunkenSanders L. KurtzChanning KuryMichael KuzmaWilliam S. LabahnJohn J. LaDucaWilliam LaForgiaMarcel J. LajoyAnthony Joseph LanaLawrence S. LaneFrederick LangThomas R. LanganAnthony M. LaPintaJoseph LaskyJ. Kevin LaumerThomas LaValleeCharles LavineWalter J. LawLaRoi M. LawtonDavid LazerRobert B. LeaderChanwoo LeeSpencer LeedsGerald B. LefcourtRichard I. LeffSol LefkowitzElliott LeibowitzMatthew R. LembkePaul A. LemoleSheldon A. LeonEdward LeopoldRobert N. LernerSheryl P. LernerNatalie A. Lesh-SchafferAlexander LesykRichard A. LeszykSarai B. Levene

Terry LeveneDavid E. LevineDavid I. LevineHoward N. LevineArlene LevinsonRichard Ware LevittLawrence H. LevnerBonnie G. LevySue B. LevyDavid L. LewisMark W. LewisPaul LiebermanSusan B. LindenauerRobert LinvilleAlan C. LippelHarold H. Litteer, Jr.John M. Lockhart, IIIDeborah LoewenbergThomas W. LokkenIra D. LondonJames E. LongFrank J. LongoRobert D. LonskiMichael LopezFrank LoTempio, IIIKevin J. LoveRobert R. LoveridgeRaymond LovingGreg D. LubowJohn P. LuhrFrederick C. LutherCheryl LynchJohn MacklinBrian MacNamaraJames C. MacTarnaghanJeanette MaderaMark J. MahoneyMitchell B. MaierGlen MaliaJoan E. MaloneyRobert J. MancusoAlice O. MannLetty MannePatricia MarcusOtto MaresNicholas A. MarinoDaniel MarkewichPeter L. MaroulisPhilip M. MarshallEdward J. MartinFrancis MartinJeffrey C. MartinLorenzo MartinezMartin James MartinezAnthony J. Martone

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NYSDA MEMBERS 2000

NYSDA in 2000 16

Robert A. MascariThomas J. MasonPaul MastrangeloBrenda A. MattarRobert MauerKurt MausertMichele MaxianRafael A. MayfieldBrad MazarinLouis MazzolaBarbie Tina McAleaveyCharles McCallisterJames McCannSandra J. McCarthyWilliam J. McCluskyBarbara McCoyJoseph M. McCoyRussell McCoyThomas McDonaldAndrew McGeeC. Daniel McGillicuddyPamela McGorryJoseph McGowanDennis M. McGrathRobert P. McGrawJerry McGrier, Sr.Kevin McGuckinEdward J. McHughKevin McKernanBonnie McLaughlinJohn L. McMahonJeffrey E. McMorrisPaul McQuillenPeter L. McShaneTom McShaneRichard McVinneyEdward T. MechmannRalph C. MegnaRobert R. MeguinSanford MeltzerM. Kathryn MengSusan MenuJeanne E. MettlerCheryl MeyersDaniel MeyersAnthony MichaelsJohn L. MichalskiPaul Scott MichoFlorian MiedelJoseph J. MilanoRaymond T. Miles, IIISamuel MilitelloSean Millane, IIIDouglas T. MillerMary Miller

Mitchell R. MillerMichael J. MirrasRobert C. MitchellSusan MitchellCharlie MixonFrancine E. ModicaMichael MohunJohn J. MolloyDennis G. MonahanJames L. MonroeArmando Montano, Jr.James M. MontgomerySimon MoodyCheryl J. MoranRobert P. Moran, Jr.Timothy J. MordauntPatrick J. MorganelliAaron R. MorrillRichard T. MorrisseyNicholas D. MorsilloHerbert J. MosesCraig F. MosherTheodore MosherKent V. MostonRichard MottKenneth M. MoynihanGary MuldoonPatrick MullenJames MullenhoffAhmad Abd'Al MuntaqimDavid A. MuranteMatthew MuraskinFrancis P. MurphyGerald J. MurphyKenneth MurphyTimothy MurphyD. Michael MurrayGlenn Edward MurrayJohn C. Murrett, Jr.Gregory J. NaclerioBarbara L. NadrowskiErnest Louis NargiSally A. NashLeroy NatansonEugene B. NathansonMalvina NathansonJ. Henry Neale, Jr.David NelsonEric NelsonSara Rose NeubauerPamela L. NeubeckRussell NeufeldMichele Lee NeuschMichael P. NevinsDonna R. Newman

John P. NewmanJon Allon NicholsWilliam F. NicholsRonald S. NirLeonard E. NoisetteL. Jeffrey NorwalkSharon L. NosenchuckPaul NotaroDaniel F. NovakEdward J. NowakWilliam E. NowakowskiJohn R. NucherenoTimothy NugentEdwin S. C. ObiorahKathleen O'BoyleHenry O'BrienJames M. O'BrienJohn M. O'BrienRichard A. OcchettiKevin O'ConnellMichael S. O'DellBrendan O'DonnellDavid OkunRobert M. O'LearyTerence P. O'LearyThomas J. O'NeillPaul N. OrnsteinFrederick H. O'RourkeWilliam OstarJoseph H. OswaldJohn H. Owen, Sr.Luke C. OwensMichael P. PaddenJoanne PageTimothy G. PagonesDavid PajakDavid M. PalmiereJeffrey F. PamPeter PanaroJill L. PapernoDaniel S. ParkerJohn W. Parker, IIIKatherine Parker-FelicianoIta ParnassJohn R. ParrinelloJohn P. PastoreDavid J. PattersonSteven K. PattersonKenneth G. PavelErnest J. PeaceLuis Andrew PenichetJanice M. PenningtonGilbert R. PerezSandra PerezDavid Perfetti

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NYSDA MEMBERS 2000

NYSDA in 2000 17

Louise PerrottaRichard PerryJohn L. PerticoneIra PesseriloMark J. PeszkoJohn J. PhelanProfessor Barry H. PhillipsWallace C. PiotrowskiStephen J. PittariJay A. PohlmanJohn J. PoklembaPeter PollakAlan PolskyGeri PomerantzAllen S. PopperLawrence Anthony PorcariMichael J. PorettaJ. Scott PorterMark L. PotashnickEric G. PoulosTony G. PovedaVerena C. PowellGregory J. PowerWillard Pratt, IIIJudith PrebleEugene ProsnitzGeorge E. PughSteven PuglieseVictor PulecioPeter J. PullanoAndrew M. PuritzJohn C. PutneyRobert F. QuinlanRobert R. RaceJames RaibleArleen T. RalphDianna L. RamosDaniel E. RausherJohn RayFrank ReadMarilyn S. ReaderGeorge W. RedderFrank E. RedlJeffrey G. RegenstreifDonald G. Rehkopf, Jr.Kenneth ReiverFrederick RenchManuel RentasThomas ReynoldsRichard W. Rich, Jr.Walter L. RichJeffrey T. RichardsMartin L. RickettsAinka Maria RiveraRick Rivera

Francis R. RivetteJames J. RizzoWendy RodesAntonia RodriguezMichael J. RoothLuis RosadoEve S. RosahnTimothy J. RosellHarry RosenStuart RosensweetAlan RosenthalKate RosenthalMary RossMichael Anthony RossiMelvyn K. RothRichard A. RothermelMarie H. RothmanGerard R. Roux, IIStephen V. RubeoRobert S. RubineEva RubinsteinFrancis D. Ruddy, Jr.Paul RuinePeter T. RuszczykDawn RyanThomas W. RyanThomas J. Ryan, Jr.Eric SachsThomas A. SaittaDavid J. SalehDavid B. SallSusan Hofkin SalomonKarl F. SalzerJudith E. SamberManuel A. Sanchez, Jr.Salvatore T. SanfilippoEmanuel SantanaAnastasios SarikasSteven L. SarisohnPaul Leonard SassNicholas M. SatrianoRobert SavageMichael A. ScarolaEugene SchafferGerald W. Schaffer, Jr.Carol Brafman SchajerGary W. SchanzAndrew J. SchatkinDonald R. SchechterDonald L. SchechterMarvin E. SchechterSamuel SchechterStephan SchickTodd M. SchiffmacherPhilip C. Schiffman

Salvatore P. SchipaniCraig P. SchlangerRaymond M. SchlatherGary SchoerDavid C. SchoppRobert J. SchreckLisa SchreibersdorfClaudia S. SchultzH. Mitchell SchumanVictor SchurrDonald J. SchwartzEdna SchwartzMichael SchwartzRobert SchwartzSteven G. SchwarzJanet SchwarzeneggerRaymond P. SciarrinoFrank B. ScibiliaJoseph J. Scinta, Jr.Lisa ScolariJack ScordoAnna L. ScottBettie ScottJames R. ScottMichael SeagriffDaniel E. SeamanRobert SelcovFrederick SeligmanLaurie ShanksRuthanne B. ShanksThomas F. ShannonElliott C. ShapiroNorman ShapiroRobert A. ShapiroSabina ShapiroIrwin ShawRichard R. Shaw, IIJohn A. SheehanGeorge ShegogSteven J. SherlockJacob B. ShermanBrian ShiffrinVincent SiccardiStephan J. SiegelMichael SiffWalter SignorelliDavid K. SilverbergCarl J. SilversteinMurray E. SingerJoseph Sinkewicz, Jr.Peter C. SipperlyRichard SiracusaLawrence J. SiryPeter K. SkivingtonRichard V. Slater

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NYSDA MEMBERS 2000

NYSDA in 2000 18

Mary L. SliszAlex SmithDavid B. SmithDonald B. SmithJoanne Kohler SmithOliver SmithRobert G. SmithFrank SmithsonTheodore SmolarOscar SmuklerGerard A. SmythKevin J. SmythEdward J. SnyderJames G. SnyderEric M. SokolRobert B. SommersteinN. Lee SpauldingJohn F. SperanzaKevin W. SpitlerAlvin L. SpitzerMichael J. StachowskiElaine Jackson StackTucker C. StancliftScott StaplesMichael SteedlyDonald SteinDavid SteinbergRobin G. SteinbergScott A. StepienMichael R. SternJason H. SterneRussell StetlerRichard A. StettineJohn P. StonnerLisa StrandNancy StroudKennard R. StrutinArthur SuchowJohn C. SullivanMary T. SullivanRichard B. SullivanWilliam P. Sullivan, Jr.Mary Ellen SweeneyRonald J. TabakSamuel M. TamburoMartin TankleffAnthony B. TargiaWilliam M. Tendy, Jr.Noel TepperGeorge A. TerezakisJoseph J. Terranova

Joseph G. TerrizziTom TerrizziWayne ThatcherWanda M. TherolfChristopher ThomasLeslie Jones ThomasDonald M. ThompsonStephen K. TillsRand R. TimmermanJames J. TiniSusan V. TipographDavid P. TodaroPeter J. Todoro, Jr.Phyllis M. TodoroNelson S. TorreDavid TougerLoretta TownsendNorman TrabulusJames D. TresmondDeanne M. TripiEmily TrottScott B. TulmanRobert TurnerJohn E. TyoDenis J. UminskiGere UngerElaine UnkelessJoseph VaccarinoMichael VaccaroElena C. VaidaRonald C. ValentineAlexandra ValicentiReverend Morton Van AllenAndrew H. Van BurenMatthew Van HoutenManuel D. VargasHarold I. VenokurRichard VercolloneGerald A. VergilisYolanda VillaRichard T. VineskiMichael J. ViolanteWilliam ViscovichAndre Allen VitaleJeffrey F. VoelklKitty VondrakMarc WaldauerKevin WalshWilliam D. WalshRobert A. WaltersRobert D. Walton, Sr.

Daniel J. WardElbert H. Watrous, Jr.Diane T. WebsterCappy WeinerPhilip WeinfeldJohnathan E. WeinrichMarsha WeissmanDavid WerberChris WernerCarl WessMary Ellen WestLarry WhiteProfessor Robert H. WhorfDavid S. WidenorMichael A. WienerCharles J. WilcoxRoger W. Wilcox, Jr.Steve G. WilliamsThomas D. WilliamsDavid W. WilsonSteven J. WilutisJohn W. WinansGriffith J. WinthropDaniel E. WisniewskiRebecca WittmanRobert S. WolfThe Hon. James F. WolffAlfred WolkenbergMark A. WorrellLawrence E. WrightMichael J. WronaEric WuestmanSue WycoffAndrew J. WylieMary Kay YanikFrancis E. YannelliBruce YermanLawrence J. YoungRichard W. YoungmanNeil Martin ZangGuy ZappullaMilton ZelermyerAndrea ZellanJohn ZenirLori ZenoMarvin ZevinRobert W. ZimmermanClark J. Zimmermann, Jr.Sonya ZoghlinJoseph D. ZumboDaan Zwick

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APPLICATION FOR MEMBERSHIP

MS./MR./MRS. _____________________________________________________________

FIRM or OFFICE ____________________________________________________________

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Please indicate if you are:

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Please indicate your willingness to help us with:

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I am committed to the zealous representation of persons accused of crimeand want to work toward an effective and well-financed system of public defenserepresentation for the poor.

SIGNATURE _________________________________ DATE _____________________

Annual Membership Dues: Attorney . . . . . . . . . . . $50.00Non-Attorney . . . . . . . . $25.00Law Student . . . . . . . . . $15.00Prisoner . . . . . . . . . . . . $15.00

Please Mail To: New York State Defenders Association194 Washington Avenue, Suite 500Albany, New York 12210-2314

Telephone: 518-465-3524 Internet Address: http://www.nysda.orgFax: 518-465-3249 E-mail: [email protected]

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NYSDA in 2000 21

Annual Report of DirectorsPursuant to Not-for-Profit Corporation Law 519

Pursuant to Section 519 of the Not-for-Profit Corporation Law, the Board ofDirectors herewith submits to the membership the Corporation’s most recent certifiedfinancial statement.

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Invigorating and Envisioning Public Defense—NYSDA in 2000