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Transcript of New York Henry Hudson’s Voyages The Dutch Found New Netherland 1609- Henry Hudson (employed by the...
New YorkNew York
Henry HudsonHenry Hudson’’s s VoyagesVoyages
Henry HudsonHenry Hudson’’s s VoyagesVoyages
The Dutch Found New Netherland
• 1609- Henry Hudson (employed by the Dutch Gov’t) gave permission to Dutch West India Company to colonize New Netherland
• Hoped to expand thriving fur trade
• Capital was called New Amsterdam (Now NYC)
A Diverse Colony
• Encouraged Germans, French, Scandinavians and Africans (both free and enslaved) to settle.
• Enjoyed a good trade relationship with the Native Americans.
English TakeoverEnglish TakeoverEnglish TakeoverEnglish Takeover
To the English, New Netherland had become a “Dutch wedge”.
King Charles II granted New Netherland’s land to his brother, the Duke of York
1664 English soldiers arrived.
Dutch had little ammunition and poor defenses.
Stuyvesant forced to surrender without firing a shot.
New Netherlands New Netherlands Becomes a British Royal Becomes a British Royal
ColonyColony
New Netherlands New Netherlands Becomes a British Royal Becomes a British Royal
ColonyColonyRenamed “New York” England gained strategic harbor between
her northern & southern colonies.
England now controlled the Atlantic coast!
New York City New York City [1673][1673]New York City New York City [1673][1673]
NYC CoinsNYC Coins[17[17cc – Early 18 – Early 18cc]]
Dutch Residue in New Dutch Residue in New YorkYork
Dutch Residue in New Dutch Residue in New YorkYorkEarly 20Early 20cc Dutch Revival Dutch Revival
Building in NYC.Building in NYC.
New York New York CityCityseal.seal.
Names Harlem, Brooklyn
Architecture gambrel roof
Customs Easter eggs, Santa Claus, waffles, bowling, sleighing, skating, kolf [golf].
Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania
The QuakersThe QuakersThe QuakersThe QuakersCalled Quakers because they “quaked” during intense religious practices.
They offended religious & secular leaders in England.
Refused to pay taxes to support the Church of England.
They met without paid clergy
Believed all were children of God refused to treat the upper classes with deference.
Dressed plainly
Addressed them as commoners ”thees”/“thous.”
Wouldn’t take oaths.
Pacifists.
Quaker MeetingQuaker MeetingQuaker MeetingQuaker Meeting
1681 he received agrant from king toestablish a colony.
This settled a debt the king owed his father.
Named Pennsylvania [“Penn’s Woodland”].
Penn saw his colony as a “holy experiment”
-Called for a representative assembly and freedom of religion. Focused on equality, cooperation and tolerance
He sent out paid agents and advertised for settlers his pamphlets were pretty honest.
Liberal land policy attracted many immigrants.
William PennWilliam PennWilliam PennWilliam Penn
Royal Land Grant to Royal Land Grant to PennPenn
Royal Land Grant to Royal Land Grant to PennPenn
Penn & Native Penn & Native AmericansAmericans
Penn & Native Penn & Native AmericansAmericans
Bought [didn’t simply take] land from Indians.
Quakers went among the Indians unarmed.
Had a court made up of N.A. and Colonists
BUT…….. non-Quaker Europeans flooded PA
Treated native peoples poorly.
This undermined the actions of the Quakers!
PennPenn’’s Treaty s Treaty
with thewith the Native Native AmericansAmericans
PennPenn’’s Treaty s Treaty
with thewith the Native Native AmericansAmericans
Government of Government of PennsylvaniaPennsylvania
Government of Government of PennsylvaniaPennsylvania
Representative assembly elected by landowners.
No tax-supported church.
Freedom of worship guaranteed to all.
Death penalty only for treason & murder.
Compared to 200 capital crimes in England!
Pennsylvanian SocietyPennsylvanian SocietyPennsylvanian SocietyPennsylvanian Society
Attracted many different people
Religious misfits from other colonies.
Many different ethnic groups.
No provision for military defense.
No restrictions on immigration.
No slavery!!
“Blue Laws” [sumptuary laws] against stage plays, cards, dice, excessive hilarity, etc.
A society that gave its citizens economic opportunity, civil liberty, & religious freedom!!
A Quick ComparisonVirginia New England English Middle
Colonies
-Virginia Company established in 1608
--Colony is saved by export of tobacco (1612)
-First African slaves are brought to N. America (1619)
-Settlers clash with Powhatan tribe (1622)
-English Pilgrims establish colony at Plymouth (1620)
-English Puritans establish colony in Salem (1630)
-Roger Williams is Banished and founds colony in Providence (1635)
-Anne Hutchinson is banished for heresy (1638)
-Puritans clash with Native Americans in Pequot War (1637) and King Phillip’s War (1675)
-Dutch found colony of New Netherland (1621)
-English acquire New Netherland and rename it New York (1664)
-William Penn establishes colony of Pennsylvania (1681)
-By the mid-1700’s, there are 13 English colonies in North America
Other Colonization….Chapter three wrap-up
• Caribbean-
• Carolinas-
• Mississippi & Louisiana-
• New Mexico & Florida