New ways of life developed in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire

Middle AgesAD 500-1500

• Roman Empire overtaken by Barbarians

• Constant warfare disrupted trade &

people fled to countryside

• Led to a decline in city populations

• family ties bound people together• Rule over large territory became impossible

• Feudalism evolved

The Church provided Stability during the Middle Ages

Won new followers—How? -sent out missionaries from Rome

-converted Frankish King Clovis

(AD 481-511)

-Monks (Benedict/St. Patrick)

established Monasteries in Western

Europe (est. schools & hospitals)

Achievement: -provided stability

-preserved Greece & Rome’s intellectual

heritage (Monks copied classical writings)

Feudalism became the basis for government in Middle Ages

500-1500 CEFeudalism -a military, political, & economic system based

on the holding of land

How did it work?

-feudalism depended on a contract between alord (land owning noble) and Vassal (person who receives land from lord)

-vassals received fiefs (land) from lords in

exchange for their loyalty & Service

Manors -landed estates that formed a basic self-sufficient

economic unit (mill, church, Ovens, & village)

-a good system during troubled times

End of

Feudalism-Agriculture Revolution (produced more food--

less labor needed)

-new weapons (long bow, crossbows, trebuchet,

and cannons); couldn’t hide in castles anymore

Where did most people live in the

M.A.?

-most people were serfs (peasants)

Charlemagne

-King of the Franks (AD 742-814)

-crowned “Emperor of the Romans” in 800 by the Pope

-he emphasized education

-Because combined the following 3 things:

-he protected & spread the Catholic faith throughout Europe

Why was he important?

Video

Why?

-some call him the “The Father of Europe?”

-No more empires after his death—feudal kingdoms emerged

German + Roman heritage + Christianity

Review Questions

1. Feudalism is based on the control of what?

2. A person who is given a piece of land for service is called a ___________.

3. A piece of land granted to person for service.

4. How many social levels make up the Feudal Pyramid?

5. What was the title given to Charlemagne by Pope Leo III?

6. What was the strongest unifying force in Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire?

7. How did the church gain more followers (2 ways)?

8. How many seats are up for grabs in Iraq's new Parliament?

9. What is the federal minimum wage?

10.What gang did Tookie Williams help organize?

The Growth of European Nations

William unifies England

-William of Normandy defeated King Harold at the Battle of Hastings

in 1066

-one of the most important battles in English history

-William the Conqueror was a harsh but an efficient ruler

King John signs the Magna Carta in 1215

-he needed money to fight wars with France

-Barons agreed to help; however, at a cost!

-King John had to sign the Magna Carta

Extra Credit Questions

You can use your notes

1. What leader unified England?

2. Where did he come from?

3. What document did King John sign?

4. Why did he sign it?

5. Where did President Obama go on Tuesday?

The Magna Carta-limited the king’s power

-taxes could only be raised with baron’s approval

-“free men” arrested had the right to due process of the law

-it created a limited monarchy in England

King Edward I established a "Model Parliament" in 1295

-he needed $ from the middle class (commoners)

-he summoned commoners (knights & burgesses)

-King's parliament now made up of House of Lords (barons) & House of Commons (knights & burgesses)

-England’s Parliament became a model for the U.S. Congress