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Transcript of New Vehicle Zero CO2 Emissions Challenge - · PDF fileHigh efficiency/low fuel ... About...
Challenge 1:
New Vehicle Zero CO2
Emissions Challenge
Annual greenhouse gas emissions (1,000 Tg CO2 Eq./year)
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
20 2000 2020 2040 2060 2080 2100
Forecast international climate change
Source: From the IPCC Working Group III 5th Assessment Report (2014)
Full-scale initiatives to reduce CO2 emissions Zero or less
Baseline scenario (+3.7~4.8℃)
(RCP8.5)
Below 2℃ scenario (RCP2.6)
Regarding GHG emissions, there is no time to lose
Challenge 1: New Vehicle Zero CO2 Emissions Challenge
90% reduction
2010 2050
Avera
ge n
ew
vehic
le C
O2 (T
tW)
90% reduction of new vehicle CO2 emissions by 2050
compared to 2010
2020 2050
Engine
HV
PHV
FCV EV
2010
Sale
s Volu
me
Development of next generation vehicles
Next generation vehicles to accelerate technological
development to follow market expansion of HV
New Vehicle Zero CO2
Challenge
Cooperation with stakeholders
Governments
Customers
Automotive
companies
Energy
suppliers
New Vehicle Zero CO2 Challenge in cooperation
with stakeholders
Energy diversity
Renewable energy CO2-free hydrogen
Energy saving
Reduced use of fossil fuels
CO2
reduction
Energy saving
Reduced use of fossil fuels
CO2 reduction initiatives
Engine
HV
PHV
EV
FCV
Short-mid term to promote energy saving
Powertrain with improved efficiency
Aiming for further engine improvement in thermal
Engin
e th
erm
al e
fficie
ncy
(%)
Diesel
2050 2015 2010 2005 2000 1995
Hybrid
Gasoline
Improved thermal
efficiency
HV: Lineup
Compact
Medium
Large/
Premium
SUV
Minivan
Commercial
HV lineups for all categories
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Cumulative (million)
1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 (January to July)
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Per year (million)
1 M
3 M
5 M
8 million
HV: Sales
Sales (per year)
Sales (cumulative)
More than 8 million HVs
in world wide cumulative sales in 2015
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Cumulative (million)
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Per year (million)
1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 (January to July)
0 0
10
20
30
40
50
60 Cumulative (million t) (million t/year)
4
6
8
10
12
2
58 million t
CO2 reduction amount (per year)
CO2 reduction amount (cumulative)
1 M
3 M
5 M
8 million
Sales (per year)
Sales (cumulative)
58 million tons of cumulative CO2 reduction compared to same class gasoline vehicles
HV: Sales
HV system cost
Fuel efficiency (km/L)
HV technology evolution
28.0 35.5 29.6
32.6 38.0 10-15 cycle Japanese test cycle
JC08 cycle
(Target:40)
First-generation Prius Second-generation Prius Current Prius Next-generation Prius
HV technology significantly evolved in fuel efficiency with reduced cost
Next generation Prius is a compilation of world top
fuel efficiency technologies
Advanced fuel efficiency technology of nextgeneration Prius
3. Improved aerodynamics
●Aerodynamic coefficient (in Cd): 0.24
1. High efficiency/low fuel consumption engine
●40% of maximum thermal efficiency
2ZR-FXE
2. Hybrid system ●Downsized/light weight, reduced loss
Lithium ion battery
Stator Rotor
High rotation motor
Battery
Transaxle &PCU
Nickel metal hydride battery
Transaxle PCU
1997 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2050 0
1
8
15 (million)
Cumulative sales of HV
2020 target
Cumulative 15 million HVs
HV target cumulative 15 millions in 2020, to lead next generation vehicles
Energy diversity
Renewable energy CO2-free hydrogen
Energy saving
Reduced use of fossil fuels
CO2
reduction
Energy diversity
Renewable energy CO2-free hydrogen
CO2 reduction initiatives
Engine
HV
PHV
EV
FCV
Renewable energy, CO2 free hydrogen for further reduction
PHV
EV
FCV
HV
Application of hybrid technology
HV technology is a core technology included
in next generation vehicles
Fuel diversity and uses
Short-distance commuter vehicle
Fuel Electricity Gasoline, diesel, biofuels, CNG, synthetic fuels, etc. Hydrogen
Delivery vehicle
EV
HV
PHV
FCV(BUS)
FCV
Veh
icle
siz
e Passenger car
Route bus
Personal mobility
EV
HV/PHV FCV
Home delivery truck
Full-size truck
Travel distance
EV: Short-distance, HV & PHV: Wide-use,
FCV: Medium-to-long distance
Development of next generation batteries
Output density (W/L)
10000
4000
2000
0 0
Energy density (Wh/L)
8000
200 400 600 800 1000 10000
6000
High capacity Li-ion battery
Target
Innovative battery
(Metal air battery, etc)
All solid battery
Target Current
(Research)
Sakichi battery
Develop next generation battery
as a key for electrified vehicles to expand
Development of next generation power semiconductor
Power module
Power control unit (PCU)
Power semiconductor
Diode
Transistor
Silicone (current)
SiC(future)
● 10% increase in fuel efficiency (Target)
● Downsized PCU (1/5 in volume (target)
Aim 10% increase in fuel efficiency,
1/5 downsized in volume
Use of hydrogen: FCV
Volume production FCV “MIRAI” Japan launch in 2014 Europe, in September, US in October, 2015
Advantages of FCV
Energy diversity Zero emissions
Usage
Zero tailpipe CO2 Hydrogen sourced from
a wide variety of
primary energy
Electric motor enables
smooth, quiet driving
Excellent acceleration at
start to low/mid speed
Fun to drive
Range (gasoline equivalent
Refueling (about 3 minutes)
High capacity
Power supply (emergency use)
Development of MIRAI
Reduced number of cells in FC stack
Common use of hybrid units
FC boost converter
★FC stack
Innovative flow channel structure
and Electrodes of cells for higher output
Output/volume; 3.1kW/L
Humidifier less
Internal circulation
★High pressure hydrogen tank
The light weight structure of
carbon fiber reinforced plastic enabled
Storage; 5.7 wt%*
world top level world top level
*Hydrogen mass/Tank mass
FC main components developed in-house to achieve world leading performance
Power control unit Motor Battery
HV technology
FC technology FC stack High-pressure hydrogen tanks
Cost reduction of FCV
Limited introduction Start
penetration Popularization
FCHV-adv (2008)
1/20 or less (2014)
Further
Cost
reduction
FC sy
stem
cost
Apply HV technology to accelerate cost reduction
FCV market penetration initiatives
About 5,680 FCV related Toyota patent
Item Number of patents
to be free Free use period
FC stack
High-pressure hydrogen tanks
FC system control
Hydrogen station
Approx. 1,970
Approx. 290
Approx. 3,350
Approx. 70
Until the end
of 2020
No expiration Announcement at CES on January 6 by TMS SVP Bob Carter
Toyota share all patents for free to accelerate the spread of FCV
FCV market penetration initiatives
3 automakers; Toyota, Nissan, Honda started cooperative promotion of supporting hydrogen station operation until around 2020
1) Support operational cost
2) Refueling network
Customer services/Convenience
Communication for understanding of FCV and hydrogen
Support to accelerate preparation of hydrogen stations
Various approaches of Toyota group
TOYOTA FCV
Toyota Auto Loom folk lift
Aisin Seiki
Household fuel cell system
HINO FC bus
Not only FCV but also Toyota group activities to promote hydrogen use
FCV market penetration initiatives
FCV sales volume
Global : More than 30,000/year around 2020 and later
Japan : Approx. 1,000/month around 2020
1X,000/year @2020 and later
FC bus introduction
to start in FY 2016 for Tokyo, etc
100 or more by 2020
for Tokyo Olympics/Paralympics
2020 2050
Engine
HV
PHV
FCV EV
2010
Sale
s Volu
me
PHV
FCV EV
Future development of next generation vehicles
Accelerate next generation vehicle development toward 90% CO2 reduction
再生可能エネルギーとCO2フリー水素活用による 人と自然が共生する未来づくり