New Observational New Observational Constraints on the Constraints on the Mass-Loss History Mass-Loss History

of SN 1987Aof SN 1987A

Ben E. K. SugermanBen E. K. SugermanColumbia UniversityColumbia University

Arlin Crotts, Steve Lawrence, Arlin Crotts, Steve Lawrence, Bill Kunkle, Steve HeathcoteBill Kunkle, Steve Heathcote

Project GoalProject Goal

• Make the most complete 3-D map of the surround-ing CSM

• Build an observational base to allow more thorough models of the mass-loss history

• a.k.a. Stellar Archeology or Paleontology

SN 1987A

Star 3

Star 2

ER

NOR

SOR

ConclusionsConclusions

Ground-based field of Ground-based field of viewview

• Narrow-band continuum imaging

• Continuous coverage from 1988 - present

PSF-matched difference PSF-matched difference imagingimaging

Scattered Light EchoesScattered Light Echoes

Light echoes give Light echoes give exactexact 3-D positions 3-D positions Only assumption/uncertainty is Only assumption/uncertainty is

distance to sourcedistance to source Sugerman 2003 (astro-ph/0307254; Oct ‘03 Sugerman 2003 (astro-ph/0307254; Oct ‘03 AJAJ))

Echo structures up to Echo structures up to rr=30 ly=30 ly

• Inner HourglassInner Hourglass

• Inner Inner CSMCSM

• Napoleon’s HatNapoleon’s Hat

• RSG/MS RSG/MS Contact Contact DiscontinuityDiscontinuity

Contact DiscontinuityContact Discontinuity

Napoleon’s HatNapoleon’s Hat

Hourglass & BSG CSMHourglass & BSG CSM

Filling in the gaps…Filling in the gaps…

Independently determine the Independently determine the orientation of each structureorientation of each structure

Assume each structure is Assume each structure is cylindrically symmetriccylindrically symmetric

Revolve average profile about axis, Revolve average profile about axis, reflect about equatorreflect about equator

RSG outflowsRSG outflows

BSG OutflowsBSG Outflows

The Inner Hourglass The Inner Hourglass OnlyOnly

A cross-sectional profileA cross-sectional profile

11 ly11 ly21 ly21 ly

2-4 ly2-4 ly

4 ly4 ly4 ly4 ly

2 ly2 ly

PropertiesProperties

Total mass of 1.7 MTotal mass of 1.7 Moo

RSG mass loss of 5x10RSG mass loss of 5x10-6-6 M Moo yr yr-1-1

Structures are offset from SNStructures are offset from SN Structures have elliptical cross-Structures have elliptical cross-

sectionsection

A formation model?A formation model?

Martin & Arnett Martin & Arnett 19951995

Fast BSG wind Fast BSG wind impacting impacting previously-previously-ejected slow ejected slow RSG windRSG wind

Solution: Two Blue LoopsSolution: Two Blue Loops

• 2 Blue Loops: 1st is 10x longer than 2nd

• Self-Similar WBB + shock focusing

• Equator: WCD??

Ask me about…Ask me about…

Dust gets larger with Dust gets larger with rr Dust Silicate:Carbon decreases with Dust Silicate:Carbon decreases with rr

OR positionsOR positions

• OR positions determined as intersection of 2-D positions with CS hourglass

• NOR is 1.3 ly away, SOR is 1.1 ly away