New Farming Techniques

Enclosure ActsEnclosure Acts

Larger farms

less peasants needed to work

Great BritainGreat Britain

Capital needed to build factoriesCapital needed to build factories– Slave Trade of the 1600-1700’sSlave Trade of the 1600-1700’s

Great BritainGreat Britain• Natural ResourcesNatural Resources

– CoalCoal– TimberTimber– Iron OreIron Ore

It was coal that powered all Steam engines and allowed for the making of steelIt was coal that powered all Steam engines and allowed for the making of steel

Early Technologies

• James Watt – Steam Engine

Early Technologies

• Eli Whitney – Cotton Gin

• Initially, the Gin allowed for larger farms/plantations and Initially, the Gin allowed for larger farms/plantations and slavery was increased, however, eventually, other machinery slavery was increased, however, eventually, other machinery lessened the need of slaves/serfs in Americas/Europelessened the need of slaves/serfs in Americas/Europe

Early Technologies

Interchangeable PartsInterchangeable Parts

Henry Ford - Assembly Line

Transportation

• Steam LocomotiveSteam Locomotive– George StephensonGeorge Stephenson

Transportation

• Steam LocomotiveSteam Locomotive

• CanalsCanalshttp://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2009/10/a-hundred-miles-on-the-erie-canal/7656/

Early Technologies

First Factories in Europe and United States wereFirst Factories in Europe and United States were

Textiles Mills

Factories and MinesFactories and Mines

FactoriesFactories- Excessive hours (12 hour days)

- Injury common

Factories and MinesFactories and Mines

Mines were excessively dangerousMines were excessively dangerous

- Black Lung disease

- Cave-ins

- High rate of accident and death

Social DarwinismSocial DarwinismTheory that says

The Strong Shall SurviveThe Strong Shall SurviveInitially used to justify ownership of factories…later, used for racism

Charles Darwin never said it...

Did not believe it…

But, his THEORY OF EVOLUTION THEORY OF EVOLUTION

was used as foundation for social theory

Social EffectsSocial Effectsof Industrial Revolutionof Industrial Revolution