New England, Middle, Southern. 1620 Pilgrims landed in Plymouth - Puritans: settlers seeking freedom...
-
Upload
jessica-flynn -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of New England, Middle, Southern. 1620 Pilgrims landed in Plymouth - Puritans: settlers seeking freedom...
New England, Middle, Southern
Characteristics of the Colonies
1620 Pilgrims landed in Plymouth - Puritans: settlers seeking freedom from religious persecution Mayflower Compact 1. Developed “covenant
communities”2. Said government would frame
“equal and adjust laws”3. Important formation of the
American Government4. New England settlers practiced
democracy in town meetings
Used town meetings (an “Athenian” direct democracy model) in the operation of government.
New England - Political
Based on:1. Shipbuilding2. Fishing3. Lumbering 4. Small-scale
subsistence farming 5. Eventually…
Manufacturing
New England – Economic
Based on religious standingPuritans were intolerant of dissenters who
challenged the their belief in the connection between religion and government
Rhode Island was founded by dissenters fleeing persecution by Puritans in Massachusetts
New England – Social
The Middle region was settled by English, Dutch, and German-speaking immigrants seeking religious freedom and economic opportunity
Incorporated a number of democratic principles that reflected the basic rights of Englishmen
Middle Colonies – Political
Based on:1. Shipbuilding2. Small-scale farming 3. Trading
Cities such as New York and Philadelphia began to grow as seaports and commercial centers.
Middle Colonies – Economic
Home to multiple religious groups, including Quakers in Pennsylvania, Huguenots and Jews in New York, and Presbyterians in New York, who generally believed in religious tolerance
Developed middle class skills – artisans, entrepreneurs (business owners) and small farmers
Middle Colonies– Social
Early Virginia settlers were called “cavaliers,” English nobility who received large land grants in eastern Virginia from the King in England.
Continued to have strong ties with Britain, with planters playing leading roles in representative colonial legislatures
House of Burgesses – 1640s, first elected assembly in the New World (Today, known as the General Assembly of Virginia)
Southern Colonies – Political
Based on:1. “cash crops” – Tobacco, rice and indigo (coastal
lowlands on large plantations)2. Small-scale subsistence farming, hunting and
trading (inland- mountains and valleys of the Appalachian)
Private ownership of property and free enterprise characterized colonial life.
Southern – Economic
The growth of the agricultural economy in the Southern colonies and in the Caribbean led to slavery in the New World. The first Africans were brought to Jamestown in 1619 to work at tobacco plantations.
Southern - Economic
Based on:1. Family status and the ownership of land - Landowners were usually members of the
Church of England2. Small subsistence farmers3. Hunters4. Traders of Scots-Irish and English descent
Southern – Social
Religious movement of both Europe and the colonies during the mid-1700s.
Led to the growth of religions like, Methodists and Baptists as well as challenging the established religious and governmental order
Was a foundation for the American Revolution
“Great Awakening”
With the growth of agriculture, Southern colonies were in need of cheap labor
Less fortunate people from England, Scotland or Ireland agreed to work on plantations for a period of time in return for their passage from Europe or relief of debt
Eventually, labor was filled with Africans who were forced into work, however, some Africans worked as indentured servants and earned their freedom (lived freely during the Colonial Era)
Overtime the numbers grew of enslaved Africans in the Southern colonies (the “Middle Passage”)
Slavery led to the conflict between the North and South and the American Civil War
Indentured Servants