New ELACC8L1: Demonstrate command of the conventions of … · 2018. 9. 9. · ELACC8L1:...
Transcript of New ELACC8L1: Demonstrate command of the conventions of … · 2018. 9. 9. · ELACC8L1:...
ELACC8L1: Demonstrate command of
the conventions of standard English
grammar and usage when writing or
speaking.
› a. Explain the function of verbals (gerunds,
participles, infinitives) in general and their
function in particular sentences.
Typically used as verbs, but act as nouns
› Running
› Swimming
› Sneaking
› Jogging
› Reading
› Writing
Words that end in –ing
ALWAYS functions as a noun
Can function as three things:
› 1. subject
› 2. direct object
› 3. object of the preposition
A gerund may function as the subject of
the sentence
› Will always begin the sentence if it functions
as the subject
› Tells what the sentence is mainly about
› Always end in -ing
Look at the following sentence:
Swimming is fun.
Reading magazines as a hobby of mine.
› Notice that the words in red are our gerunds that are functioning as subject.
› The begin the sentence and they end in –ing
Create 2 sentences
in your notes that
use Gerunds as a
subject.
Before we explain gerunds as direct
objects, lets review what direct objects
are.
Direct object: the noun that receives the
action
Answers the questions: who or what
Example:
› The boy gave the cookie to the little girl.
What’s the verb?
Who or what did the boy give?
› I slapped the girl in the face.
What’s the verb?
Who or what did I slap?
In your notes, write down the direct
object of each sentence:
› 1. I flushed the toilet after I was finished.
› 2. I cut my hand with the knife.
› 3. The boy finished his dinner in 10 minutes.
› 4. I gave a ring to my girlfriend.
› 5. The woman cooked dinner on
Wednesday.
Remember, all gerunds end in –ing.
Directs objects will answer the questions
who are what.
Has to have both conditions:
› End in –ing
› Answers: who or what?
My hobby is collecting stamps.
My neighbors admire my gardening.
I love reading the newspaper after work.
› Notice each answers the question “what”?
› They all end in -ing
› Also they come shortly after the verb in each
sentence.
Create two sentences that uses gerunds
as direct objects. Remember it must
meet the criteria:
1. end in –ing
2. come shortly after the verb
3. answer “who” or “what”
End in –ing
Come directly after a preposition. › Remember prepositions are words that shows
location: Above
Around
Under
Over
Up
Through
Of
For
to
Some people consider my interest in gardening an obsession.
We talked about going to Canada for vacation.
Lawanda is in charge of organizing the meeting.
› Note: red indicates the preposition; gree indicates
gerund phrase.
› Notice the gerund comes directly after the preposition and ends in -ing
Create two sentence that uses gerunds
as object of the preposition.
Remember:
› Ends in –ing
› Comes directly after a preposition
Gerunds: words that end in –ing
Functions as nouns
› 1. can be a subject
Begins the sentence
› 2. can be a direct object
Answers who or what
3. can be an object of the preposition
Comes directly after a preposition