New developments in seedtechnology - agro.au.dkagro.au.dk/fileadmin/danseed/11.pdf · Contents •...
Transcript of New developments in seedtechnology - agro.au.dkagro.au.dk/fileadmin/danseed/11.pdf · Contents •...
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New developments in New developments in seedtechnology seedtechnology
DanSeed SymposiumDanSeed Symposium26feb0826feb08
Roelf WegesRoelf Weges
0411V8RW
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ContentsContents
•
Introduction Incotec•
Technologies
–
Overview incl. future perspectives•
Applications
–
Improved germination characteristics–
Improved
seed production
–
Efficient
distribution of plant protection products
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Introduction of Incotec
•
2006: Acquisition Proteios
International•
2005: Acquisition of Flower Seed Technology•
2002: Incotec
independent (MBO)•
1996: Merge of Asgrow
coating technology •
1996: Acquired ISO 9001 status•
1989: Incotec
an independent company•
1978: Start production facility USA•
1973: Introduction of priming Endive•
1969: Start research seed technology•
1968: Introduction of Split Pill•
1963: Start research coating technology within Royal Sluis
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INCOTEC world-wide Employees in
2008:
270
Production
locations: 6
Research group: 35
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INCOTEC’s
activitiesMarket’s
–
Vegetable seeds–
Flower seeds
–
Tobacco seeds–
Agronomic seed crops
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Grower
Distribution
Packing
Seed
Coating
Seed
Enhancement
Pre-cleaning
Harvest
Seed
Production
Development
Plant Breeding
INCOTEC’s
activities
Packing
Seed
Coating
Seed
Enhancement
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TECHNOLOGIESTECHNOLOGIES
•
Seed enhancement–
Upgrading
–
Priming–
Disinfection
•
Seed coating–
Encrusting & Pelleting
–
Filmcoating–
Additives & Actives
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Objectives:•
Improve speed of emergence
•
Improve germination capacity•
Overcome dormancy
•
Eradicate seed-borne diseases
Original lot After seed enhancement
Seed enhancement
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Upgrading
Separation in fractions:•
Mechanical
•
Liquid density separation
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After 10 years of research: Incotec presents an X-ray based sorting machine for tomato seed
•
X-ray: –
better, more efficient upgrading
–
new technology•
Tomato
–
problems with seed quality–
expensive seed: economically interesting,
–
combination with priming is essential
X-ray Upgrading
not primed
primed
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Design X-ray seed sorting machine
+/-+ -
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X-Ray seed sorting machine
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X-Ray picture ↔ GLB Evaluation
Good
Abnormal
Not
germinated
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Upgrading
Future:•
Application of X-ray on more crops
•
More new upgrading technologies–
External vision
www.seedsorter.com
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Seed priming
•
Suitable conditions:•
Temperature
•
Oxygen•
Duration
•
Moisture
•
Major technologies:•
Osmotic priming
•
Solid Matrix Priming•
Drum priming
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0
20
40
60
80
100
12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30
Temperature (°C)
Ger
min
atio
n (%
)
Control Primed
Effect of priming
Dormancy breaking
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Priming
Future:•
Markers for optimal priming–
Search continues
•
Large scale priming–
Sugarbeet
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•
Eradicate seed-borne (bacterial) diseases Xanthomonas
campestris
on Brassica
−
Effective combination with priming−
Xanthomonas
assays became more distinctive
Disinfection
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Disinfection
Future:•
Seed borne
diseases increasingly problematic
•
Sustainable solutions needed:–
Heat treatment
alternative for HWT
–
Organic compounds
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Disinfection Effect of heat treatment
CropSeedborne
Micro-Organisms
EradicationMicro-
Organisms
NegativeEffects
Spinach Stemphylium, Verticillium + None
Carrot Alternaria sp. + None
Brassica Xcc + Physical, quality
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50%
Allicin
Control
80% ← A. radicina → 5%
10% ←
A. dauci → 0%
45% ← A. radicina → 0%
55% ←
A. dauci →
0%
Disinfection Effect of organic compound on carrot with Alternaria
4.07.032
Lot A
Lot B
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Basiscoat,Weight increase
0.2-2%
Complete
Filmcoat,Weight increase
3-20%
Encrustation,Weight increase
1-5X
Mini pill,Weight increase
10-25X
Standard
pill,Weight increase
15-100X
Product Forms
Seed coating
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Objectives:•
Improved plantability
•
Carrier for actives (PPP’s)•
Cosmetic appearance
•
Improved processability•
Reduced dustiness
•
Improved distribution of additives
Seed coating
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Pelleting & Encrustation
Rotary coater
Coating pan
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Rotary pelleting
•
A fully automated process for encrustation and pelleting
•
Advantages: short process, 2-4 higer
capacity, little physical labour, closed system, little moisture uptake
Raw
Seed 2 Minutes 5 Minutes3-3.5mm Onion
pellets
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• Low/mediumdosages
• Without or with post drying
Filmcoating
Rotary coaters Side Vented Pan Coaters
• High rates
• Continuous drying
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Application
of plant protection products
•
Type of formulation•
Tox classification
•
Rate of active•
Product form
•
Occurance of phytotox•
Priming treatment
•
Cost price
•
Low
0,1 -
2 w/w
%•
Medium
2 -
10 w/w
%•
High 10 -
500
w/w
%
•
Liquid•
Powder•
Color•
Solvent•
Smell
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0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00Active
ingredient
(mg/seed)Fil 03, dry pellets Fil 01,
Pancoater
Num
ber o
f see
ds (#
)
Fig. 8: Histograms of Cruiser®
distribution on lettuce pellets coated with two different coating technologies
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For recognition of your own material•
Visible marker
•
Invisible marker (Tracer)
Speciality coating
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Disco filmcoat formulations
•
20 years’
experience •
Quick, professional service
•
Personalized support through branch offices world wide
•
Perfect adhesion and seedprotection
•
Guaranteed dust-free•
Absolutely safe to use
•
Optimal seed flow•
Blending facilities world wide
•
Tailor-made formulations possible
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Seed Coating
Future:•
More plant protection products applied as seed treatment
•
More professional approach in application of additives
•
Organic filmcoat
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•
Lettuce
•
Celery •
Chicory
•
Endive
•
Leek•
Carrot
•
Onion
•
Pepper•
Tomato
•
Brassica•
Spinach
•
Fennel•
Tobacco
APPLICATIONS APPLICATIONS PER CROPPER CROP Flowers:
(FST)
Mainly Vegetables:
Agronomics: supply
(Film) coating materials
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Split Pill Thermocure
Lettuce
Product adaptation through the years
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Lettuce -
for plantraisers
•
Split Pill (developed in 1968!)•
3.5 mm (organic)
•
2.75 mm
•
Split Pill Thermocure•
pellets above including priming
•
priming based on upper temperature limit and deterioration (Special cultivar lists)
•
Sanokote•
3.5 mm pellet including Gaucho
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Quality Inspection
•
Split Pill Thermocure:–
Seed: Planttype, thermogradient
–
SPT: GHT, thermogradient, CDTest
Controlled Deterioration Test:•
Determine sensitivity for ageing
•
As warning signal for short shelflife•
To improve the production process
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UTL Good
Seedlings
after
controlled
deterioration
Priming and Shelflife Lettuce
An
enhanced
priming effect may
reduce
shelflife
Goo
dS
eedl
ings
(%)
20
0
40
60
80
20
Upp
er T
empe
ratu
reLi
mit
(°C
)
Soft Moderate StrongStrength
of priming
28
26
30
32
34
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0 6 1218243033 0 6 12182427 0 6 121821 0 6 1215 0 612 18 24 30 36
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
See
dlin
gs, %
Effect of seed storage at 15°C/30% rh on quality of SPTStorage of SPT cv. V at 20°C/40% rh
Agood
Bweak
Cabnormal
10874_V1
SPT storageSeed storage
Storage period, months
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Enhancement tomato rootstock
Seeking for a faster, uniform germination
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Solanum
rootstock
•
Used for grafting of tomato, eggplant.–
more vigorous growth
–
resistancies
against soil pathogens •
Several species
–
interspecific
hybrids between tomato and wild tomato (“tomato rootstock”)
–
wild species, like S. torvum•
Problems
–
slow, uneven germination–
low total germination %
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Results rootstock priming
•
Broad approach to determine possible causes of dormancy/slow germination
•
Research focused on determining crucial factors•
Tailor made priming, based on pilot results
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Effect of priming on different quality seedlots
Germination Energy after 4d (GE4d) and Usable Transplants after 14d (UT1+2
0
20
40
60
80
100
Prim
ed s
eed
germ
inat
ion
(%)
0 - 40% 40 - 80 % > 80%
Original seed germination (%)
GE4d Original seed
GE4d Primed seed
UT1+2 Original seed
UT1+2 Primed seed
n = 15n = 19 n = 17
+ 52%
+ 63%
+ 25% + 87%
+ 2%
+ 48%
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Tomato rootstock: effect of priming
Primed
seedOriginal seed
Greenhouse 25°C test Incotec, 5d after
sowing
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Upgrading tomato
A new way of upgrading by using X-ray images
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0
20
40
60
80
100
1st C
hoic
e U
sabl
e P
lant
s (%
)
1
Effect on UT1% (n = 19)
Original seed
Primed seed
Q1
Q2
Q3
Results
of X-Ray
machine upgrading
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Effect on UT1 % per lot
40
60
80
100
40 60 80 100UT1 of primed seed (%)
UT1
of Q
1 up
grad
ed
seed
(%)
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Averaged
effects
for
different quality
seedlots
0
20
40
60
80
100
UT1
of Q
1 up
grad
ed s
eed
(%)
50 - 60% 70 - 85 % > 95%
Quality of primed seed (% UT1)
Original seed
Primed seed
Q1
n = 3 n = 15 n = 1
+ 21%
+ 10%
+ 2%
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Results
of machine upgrading
Greenhouse 25°C test Incotec, 11d after
sowing
Primed
seed Q1 Q2 Q3UT1 74%Fr wht 100%
89%36%
66%45%
41%19%
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Spinach
SDRA new
way
to
synchronise
spinach flowering
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Spinach (SDR)
•
Spinach requires a daylenght
of 12 -
14h for stem and flower formation
•
SDR = priming which results in vernalisation•
Speed of bolting and flowering improved up to more than a week
SDR Untreated
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Spinach (SDR)
•
SDR may be used on either Male and Female lines•
Improved synchronized bolting and flowering in combination with fast bolting female or male types
•
Higher quantity of flowers •
Higher pollen production
•
More uniform bolting•
More bolting side shoots
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Spinach (SDR)
•
Also used in combination with non treated male, for longer flowering period
•
Longer flowering in combination with higher pollen pressure leads to improved hybridity
•
Less stress symptoms•
Increased seed production
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Sanokote Smart Lettuce and Brassica
How smart a dummy can be!
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Why Smart technology?
•
Development of new systemic
insecticides•
Seed treatment can have negative
effects:
•
emergence•
% good seedlings
•
shelflife
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Standard Sanokote / Sanocrust
Standard Splitpill / zaad
+ Sanokote
Smart
Concept Sanokote® Smart
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Characteristics Sanokote®
Smart
•
Is a seed treatment•
Contains
not
germinating
seed
•
Systemic
active
ingredients•
Gaucho (imidacloprid) Bayer•
Poncho (clothianidin) Bayer•
Cruiser (thiamethoxam) Syngenta
•
Registration
for
seedtreatment
available•
Produced
as
standard
seedcoating
product
•
Sanokote®
Smart is sown
beside
standard pellet/seed
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LettuceBrassica
Sanokote®
Smart in practise
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Brassica
Sanokote®
Smart Sanocrust
Sanokote®
Smart in practise
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Thrips
in
white cabbage with
Gaucho
Count Date (insects per 5 plants)
Object Active ingr. mg/plant
13 juli 8 aug 7 sep 13 okt
Check 0 0 0.3 16 48
Sanocrust 1.4 0 0 11 23
Sanokote® Smart 1.4 0 0 8 14
Admire soiltreatm. 3.5 0 0 7 5
Double concentration
Smart 2.8 0 0 11 4
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Questions?