NEURONS, HORMONES, and the BRAIN Chapter 4 “[The brain] is the soul’s frail dwelling house.” -...

NEURONS, NEURONS, HORMONES, and the HORMONES, and the

BRAINBRAINChapter 4Chapter 4

““[The brain] is the soul’s frail [The brain] is the soul’s frail dwelling house.”dwelling house.”

- William Shakespeare- William Shakespeare

THE NERVOUS SYSTEMTHE NERVOUS SYSTEM

►MAIN DUTY = Gather and processMAIN DUTY = Gather and process

informationinformation

►Divided into 2 parts:Divided into 2 parts:

1) ______________________________________1) ______________________________________

2) ______________________________________2) ______________________________________

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)(CNS)

►Receives, processes, interprets, and Receives, processes, interprets, and stores incoming sensory information stores incoming sensory information

(tastes, smells, sights, etc.)(tastes, smells, sights, etc.)

►Also sends out messagesAlso sends out messages

► Includes the _________Includes the _________and ________________and ________________

Spinal Cord = part of the brain that runs Spinal Cord = part of the brain that runs down the back, protected by a column of down the back, protected by a column of bonesbones

Central Nervous SystemCentral Nervous System

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)(CNS)

►SPINAL CORDSPINAL CORD Sometimes _____________________________ Sometimes _____________________________

occur as an automatic response that does occur as an automatic response that does not need the brain’s involvementnot need the brain’s involvement

►EXAMPLE: Touching a hot stoveEXAMPLE: Touching a hot stove

Neural circuits connect to theNeural circuits connect to the

brain, so reflexes can bebrain, so reflexes can be

influenced by thoughts and emotionsinfluenced by thoughts and emotions

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS)(PNS)

► __________________ machine for the __________________ machine for the CNSCNS

Includes Includes all portions of the nervous all portions of the nervous

systemsystem outside theoutside the brain and spinal cordbrain and spinal cord

► Sensory and motor Sensory and motor

nervesnerves

► Divided into 2 partsDivided into 2 parts

PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS)(PNS)

1) _______________________________________1) _______________________________________ connects to sensory receptors and skeletal connects to sensory receptors and skeletal

muscles muscles (VOLUNTARY ACTION)(VOLUNTARY ACTION) AKA AKA skeletal nervous systemskeletal nervous system

2)_______________________________________2)_______________________________________ regulates the internal organs and glands regulates the internal organs and glands

(INVOLUNTARY, INTERNAL(INVOLUNTARY, INTERNALACTION)ACTION)

► Blood vessels, heart, bladder, etc.Blood vessels, heart, bladder, etc.

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEMSYSTEM

► Divided into 2 parts:Divided into 2 parts:1) _____________________ 1) _____________________ NERVOUS SYSTEMNERVOUS SYSTEM

► Mobilizes bodily resources and Mobilizes bodily resources and increases the output of energy increases the output of energy during emotion and stressduring emotion and stress ““PUMPS YOU UP!!”PUMPS YOU UP!!”

2) _____________________ 2) _____________________ NERVOUS SYSTEMNERVOUS SYSTEM► Operates during relaxed states andOperates during relaxed states and

conserves energyconserves energy Calms you downCalms you down

QUICK QUIZQUICK QUIZName that part of the Nervous Name that part of the Nervous

SystemSystem

NOTES AWAY!!!!NOTES AWAY!!!!

SCENARIO #1SCENARIO #1

After a near After a near brush with brush with death, you death, you

begin to calm begin to calm down. Your down. Your sweat dries, sweat dries,

your heartbeat your heartbeat returns to returns to

normal, and normal, and you stop peeing you stop peeing

your pants.your pants.


Jerry is chopping wood for the fireplace. Jerry is chopping wood for the fireplace. He accidentally slips and, well…let’s He accidentally slips and, well…let’s just say Jerry will be limping for a long just say Jerry will be limping for a long time. The pain IMMEDIATELY registers time. The pain IMMEDIATELY registers in Jerry’s brain and causes him to yelp!in Jerry’s brain and causes him to yelp!


Whenever Judy is Whenever Judy is around Bert, she around Bert, she freezes up. Her heart freezes up. Her heart beats faster, her beats faster, her palms get sweaty, palms get sweaty, and she stutters.and she stutters.


Jim is in the basement working on a Jim is in the basement working on a school project when the electricity school project when the electricity goes out. Jim calmly gets up and feels goes out. Jim calmly gets up and feels his way to the stairs and out onto the his way to the stairs and out onto the 11stst floor. The lights return and Jim can floor. The lights return and Jim can once again see everything around him.once again see everything around him.


You just finished a shouting match with You just finished a shouting match with your parents. (They just don’t your parents. (They just don’t understand that ALL the cool kids are understand that ALL the cool kids are egging houses on Halloween and you egging houses on Halloween and you just can’t be left out). You slam the just can’t be left out). You slam the door to your room and finish venting, door to your room and finish venting, slowly letting your anger fizzle out.slowly letting your anger fizzle out.

SCENARIO #9SCENARIO #9Chase Utley consciously gets into his Chase Utley consciously gets into his

batting stance. He deliberately swings batting stance. He deliberately swings the bat a few time to get the right feel the bat a few time to get the right feel of its weight. He calculates the of its weight. He calculates the incoming pitch and purposefully drives incoming pitch and purposefully drives the bat forward knocking in the game the bat forward knocking in the game winning run.winning run.


After a near After a near brush with brush with death, you death, you

begin to calm begin to calm down. Your down. Your sweat dries, sweat dries,

your heartbeat your heartbeat returns to returns to

normal, and normal, and you stop peeing you stop peeing

your pants.your pants.


Jerry is chopping wood for the fireplace. Jerry is chopping wood for the fireplace. He accidentally slips and, well…let’s He accidentally slips and, well…let’s just say Jerry will be limping for a long just say Jerry will be limping for a long time. The pain IMMEDIATELY registers time. The pain IMMEDIATELY registers in Jerry’s brain and causes him to yelp!in Jerry’s brain and causes him to yelp!


Whenever Judy is Whenever Judy is around Bert, she around Bert, she freezes up. Her heart freezes up. Her heart beats faster, her beats faster, her palms get sweaty, palms get sweaty, and she stutters.and she stutters.


Jim is in the basement working on a Jim is in the basement working on a school project when the electricity school project when the electricity goes out. Jim calmly gets up and feels goes out. Jim calmly gets up and feels his way to the stairs and out onto the his way to the stairs and out onto the 11stst floor. The lights return and Jim can floor. The lights return and Jim can once again see everything around him.once again see everything around him.


You just finished a shouting match with You just finished a shouting match with your parents. (They just don’t your parents. (They just don’t understand that ALL the cool kids are understand that ALL the cool kids are egging houses on Halloween and you egging houses on Halloween and you just can’t be left out). You slam the just can’t be left out). You slam the door to your room and finish venting, door to your room and finish venting, slowly letting your anger fizzle out.slowly letting your anger fizzle out.

SCENARIO #9SCENARIO #9Chase Utley consciously gets into his Chase Utley consciously gets into his

batting stance. He deliberately swings batting stance. He deliberately swings the bat a few time to get the right feel the bat a few time to get the right feel of its weight. He calculates the of its weight. He calculates the incoming pitch and purposefully drives incoming pitch and purposefully drives the bat forward knocking in the game the bat forward knocking in the game winning run.winning run.

NEURONS, HORMONES, and the BRAIN Chapter 4 “[The brain] is the soul’s frail dwelling house.” -...

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