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Transcript of Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication › board › data › dprogram › 1293 › H2-2.pdf ·...
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB
Networking for Inter-Vehicle Communication
Sang-Sun Lee
Hanyang University
Ubiquitous Communications
Research Lab.
2008. 06. 25
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20081(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
INDEX
Map Based (GSR, A-STAR, VADD, CAR)Map Based (GSR, A-STAR, VADD, CAR)
Introduction of Inter-Vehicle CommunicationsIntroduction of Inter-Vehicle Communications
Inter-Vehicle Routing ProtocolsInter-Vehicle Routing Protocols
Contention Based (CBF, BLR)Contention Based (CBF, BLR)
C2C-CC / SAFESPOT / VII / VMCC2C-CC / SAFESPOT / VII / VMC
Trends of VANET Projects and StandardsTrends of VANET Projects and Standards
Introduction of VANETIntroduction of VANET
Routing protocols of Inter-Vehicle communicationRouting protocols of Inter-Vehicle communication
CALMCALM
Broadcast Based (DDB, LORA-CBF, LCN, LPG)Broadcast Based (DDB, LORA-CBF, LCN, LPG)
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20082(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Introduction of Inter-Vehicle CommunicationsIntroduction of Inter-Vehicle Communications
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20083(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
VANET의 주요한 목적은 차량 탑승자에게 안전 및 편리함을 제공하는 것
협의 관점에서 보면 ….VANET을 통해 충돌경고, 노변신호 알림, 교통상황정보 등의 운전시 매우 중요한 정보 제공
광의 … 또한, 각종 멀티미디어 전송, 인터넷 서비스 그리고 톨게이트 및 주차장 자동요금징수 등의 서비스가 VANET을 통해 제공이 가능
VANET의 주요 특징
각 차량 장치(OBE) 간(V2V) 통신
고속의 이동성 환경에서 Multi-hop 통신을 통한 Networking
다양한 환경에서 Multi-hop 경로 설정을 위한 Routing Protocol
What is VANET?
Introduction of VANETIntroduction of VANET
VANET(Vehicular Ad-hoc Network)은 고속의 이동성을 지원하는
MANET(Mobile Ad-hoc Network)의 한 형태
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20084(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Routing Protocol of VANET
특징
GPS를 통한 노드의 위치 획득
네트워크 토폴로지 변화가 아주 빠르고 빈번함(Dynamic)
Multi-hop routing은 차량의 밀도에 의존
차량의 이동 Pattern(속도 및 방향)이 도로를 따라 정해진 이동경로를 가짐
Introduction of VANETIntroduction of VANET
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20085(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Routing Protocol of VANET요구사항
노드들의 고속 이동성(Mobility), 노드 밀도(Density) 및 Topology들의 잦은 변화 등 고유적
인 속성과 특수한 상황을 고려할 수 있어야 함
Network의 빈번한 분할 및 결합에 대처할 수 있어야함
짧은 통신 지속 시간(Duration)에도 통신 가능
종단간 메시지 전달 지연 시간 및 Network 부하의 최소화가 필요함
Introduction of VANETIntroduction of VANET
Frequent network partitioning
short communication duration
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20086(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Vehicular Ad-hoc Routing Protocols
Routing protocols of InterRouting protocols of Inter--Vehicle communicationVehicle communication
DDB
LORA-CBF
LCN
LPG
GSR
A-STAR
VADD
CAR
CBF
BLR
Routing Protocols for Vehicle Ad Hoc
Wireless Networks
Contention based forwarding
Map based geographic routing
Broadcasting and Multicasting
Protocol Specification
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20087(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Mobility
[Density] Number of Node(s)
Vehicular Ad-hoc Routing Protocols
Routing protocols of InterRouting protocols of Inter--Vehicle communicationVehicle communication
Characteristics for Routing Protocols
A-STAR
L P GL C N
Broadcast based
Contention based
Map based
C B F
B L R
LORA-CBF
VADD
C A R
D D B
Paper 분석을 통한 추측 데이터
G S R
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20088(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Technical of Inter-Vehicle Routing Technical of Inter-Vehicle Routing
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 20089(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Contention-Based Forwarding Protocol
< Timer-Based Contention >
Contention Based Forwarding Protocol(CBF)
Contention Based (CBF, BLR)Contention Based (CBF, BLR)
source
Next hop
destination
AssumptionLocation-based routing protocol (all nodes knows position of neighborhood nodes)Source node knows Destination nodesTimer-based Contention
ProcedureThe forwarding node transmits the packet as a single hop broadcast to all neighborsThe neighbors compete with each other for the “right” to forward the packetDuring the contention period, a node determines how well it is suited as a next hop for the packetThe node that wins the contention suppresses the other nodes andthus establishes itself as the next forwarding nodes
CharacteristicCBF can provide significant bandwidth savings without beacon messagesThat achieves a higher packet delivery ratio than all other schemes due to packet duplication using the suppression algorithm
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200810(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Assumption
Nodes are aware of their own position by means of GPS
Source have known destination’s location information
All nodes have known [Max_delay] and maximum transmission radius r
Procedure
Receivers confirm whether are located within specific area or outside.
The node computes the shortest DFD forwards the packet first.
Data packets are broadcasted and just one of the receiving nodes forwards the packets
Specification
BLR does not require nodes to periodically broadcast beacon.
Not use neighbor’s position and existence
Contention based forwarding Protocol
Beacon-Less Routing Protocol (BLR)
Contention Based (CBF, BLR)Contention Based (CBF, BLR)
source
destination
Shortest DFD
< Using a DFD >
r
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200811(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Map based geographic routing Protocol
Geographic Source Routing Protocol (GSR)Assumption
Each node knows its position
Each node knows its neighbor’s position via beacon
Sending node knows current position of destination
Procedure
The path between source and destination is determined by a Dijkstra shortest path calculation
The path is a set of sequence of junctions
Specification
Forwarding a packet between 2 successive junctions is done on the basis of greedy forwarding
Map Based (GSR, AMap Based (GSR, A--STAR, VADD, CAR)STAR, VADD, CAR)
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200812(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Map based geographic routing Protocol
Anchor-based Street and Traffic Aware Protocol (A-STAR)
1
2
3
Assumption
All of the nodes are either aware of their location by GPS
All nodes have bus route information
source node includes into into each packet a route vector composed of a list of anchors or fixed geographic point.
“Traffic” herein refers to vehicular traffic
Procedure
A source node selects A destination.
Anchor paths is establish by destination.(using the bus route information)
Forwarding a packet to a neighbor that is closest to the next anchor point after path discorvery
Specification
The novel use of city bus route information to identify anchor paths of higher connectivity
A potential routing strategy for metropolis vehicular communications.
very scalable with respect to the size of the network
Map Based (GSR, AMap Based (GSR, A--STAR, VADD, CAR)STAR, VADD, CAR)
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200813(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Map based geographic routing ProtocolVehicle-Assisted Data Delivery in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks(VADD)
?? AA BB
DDCC
Move outside intersection radius
IntersectionMode
Straight WayMode
DestinationMode
Move into intersection radius
Move into destination area
Move intodestination area
Fig.1. Find a path to the coffee shop
Fig.2. The transition modes in VADD
Assumption
A vehicle knows its location by triangulation or GPS device
Vehicles are equipped with pre-loaded digital maps, which provide street-level map and traffic statistics such as traffic density on roads at different times of the day.
Procedure’B If User(red car) want to send a request to the coffee shop(to
reserve a sandwich). To forward the request through ‘A’->’C’->’D’->’B’ would be faster than through ‘A’->’B’, even though the latter provides geographically shortest possible path.(Fig.1)
The reason is that in case of disconnection, the packet has to be carried by the vehicle, who moving speed is significantly slower than the wireless communication.
There are 3 modes(Intersection, Strait Way, Destination) in VADD.
Characteristic
VADD use of the predicable vehicle mobility, which is limited by the traffic pattern and road layout.
Map Based (GSR, AMap Based (GSR, A--STAR, VADD, CAR)STAR, VADD, CAR)
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200814(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Map based geographic routing Protocol
Connectivity-Aware Routing(CAR)Assumption
Each node knows its position and velocity vector
Each node has its neighbor table via HELLO beacon
Sending node knows current position of destination
Procedure
When the broadcast finally reaches its destination, the destination node has the whole path to the source node recorded as a set of intermediate anchor points
Data is forwarded to neighbor closest to the next anchor point
Path maintenance by using Guard
Guard helps to track the current position of a destination node
Specification
Low overhead by adaptive beaconing
Guard help adjusting the connected path without new path discoveries even if the end point nodes change their moving speed and/or directions
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200815(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Assumption
All of the nodes are either aware of their location by GPS
DDB calculate AC(Additional covered area) within node’s range
Procedure
Specification
Stateless and completely localized
Don’t have any overhead
Highly scalable dynamic networks
Aims at reducing the number of overall transmissions to deliver the packet
Resolve the problem of the power consumption and extending the network lifetime
Map based geographic routing ProtocolDynamic Delayed Broadcasting (DDB)
Map Based (GSR, AMap Based (GSR, A--STAR, VADD, CAR)STAR, VADD, CAR)
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200816(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Broadcast and Multicast Protocol
Location Routing Algorithm with Cluster-Based Flooding
Neighbour sensingDetect the neighbour nodes with which it has a direct link.Periodically broadcasts a Hello message
Each cluster head maintains a “Cluster Table”Address and geographic locations of the member and gateway
When a source attempts to send a data to destinationIt first checks its routing table and then it send the packet to the closest neighbor
Cluster Head
Cluster Member
GatewayCluster3Cluster4
Cluster2Cluster1
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200817(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Cluster Head(CH)Send a Hello message. If node doesn’t receive a Hello message, it’ll be Cluster Head.
Broadcast and Multicast Protocol
Formation of Clusters
Cluster Head Cluster Member GatewayUndecide
Cluster MemberSend a Hello message. If node receive a Hello message of CH, it’ll be member of the CHGatewayIf the node was member receive a Hello message of other CH, it’ll be gateway.If the gateway receive a Hello message of Cluster Head and expired gateway timer, it’ll become member of the Cluster Head.
Cluster Head Cluster Member Gateway
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200818(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Least Common Neighbor Protocol (LCN)
A self-determining selection strategy processing
each vehicle manages its own neighbor list by overhearing or periodic “hello” broadcasting
a vehicle confronted with an emergency event sends a CW(Collision Warning) along with its
neighbor list
the vehicle which has the least common neighbor among the receiving vehicles is selected to
a re-broadcasting node by deferring time
(number of common node * time unit + random time (time unit > random time))
Feature
Reduce forwarding packets with decreasing the number of nodes to attempt forward
Broadcasting and Multicasting Protocol
Broadcast Based (NB, IBroadcast Based (NB, I--BIA, DBB, LORABIA, DBB, LORA--CBF, LCN, LPG)CBF, LCN, LPG)
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200819(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Multi, Broadcast routing Protocol
LPG(Local Peer Group)절차
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200820(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
특성
• Generic broadcast can not provide the stringent VSC requirements
(no group : messages flooding everywhere ⇒ with group : message are under control)
• Need to deliver relevant emergency message very quickly and efficiently in such vehicle group and stop message at group boundary
• Proposed two LPG approaches to organize neighboring vehicles(Stationary LPG, Dynamic LPG)
• No performance evaluation
Stationary LPG Dynamic LPG
Multi, Broadcast routing Protocol
LPG(Local Peer Group)
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200821(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Protocols characteristic
Greedy Protocol과 비교 -> 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio
Suppression Algorithm을 통한 Packet 중복 방지
Beacon 미사용, Handshake 과정이 없어 낮은 Latency 보장CBF
Network의 Density가 낮고 빠른 mobility 환경에 적합
LAR1 Protocol 과 비교 -> 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio, 낮은 end-to-end delay
Zone 을 형성하는 LAR1 은 높은 mobility 환경 에서 path break 발생률 높음
Beacon 미사용과 DFD 알고리즘을 통해 낮은 delay 와 높은 throughput 보장
BLR
빠른 mobility 환경에 적합
Vehicular Ad-hoc Routing Protocols
Routing protocols of InterRouting protocols of Inter--Vehicle communicationVehicle communication
Result (Reference Paper)_Contention Based
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200822(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Protocols characteristic
AODV, DSR Protocol과 비교 -> 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio
3가지 route recovery를 상용하여 높은 연결성GSR도심지 환경에서 유리
GPSR, GSR Protocol과 비교 -> 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio
Bus route information을 사용하여 더 높은 연결성을 보장하는 경로를 선택가능A-STAR도심지 환경에서 유리
DSR Protocol과 비교 -> 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio
여러 교차로가 존재하는 환경에서 각 경로에 대한 Delay를 비교 계산하여 가장 효율이 좋은 교차로방향을 경로로 설정 네트워크 패스를 구성VADD
교차로가 있는 토폴로지 상황에서 더 높은 전송 효율을 나타냄
GPSR Protocol과 비교 -> 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio
Guard node로 인하여 목적지 노드의 이동성으로 인한 경로 손실을 보안CAR 교차로가 많은 환경에서 유리
Vehicular Ad-hoc Routing Protocols
Routing protocols of InterRouting protocols of Inter--Vehicle communicationVehicle communication
Result (Reference Paper)_Map Based
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200823(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Protocols characteristicLocation-Based Protocol과 비교 -> 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio
Additional Covered area(AC)를 통한 Packet 전달 중복 방지
Control frame 미사용으로 네트워크 내에서 패킷 효율성 증가DDB
토폴로지 구성에 따른 제약 없이 빠른 mobility 환경에 적합
차량 환경에서 AODV, DSR과 비교시 높은 Packet Delivery Ratio을 가지고 홉수가 높아 지더라도Packet Delivery Ratio가 일정함
주기적인 이웃 센싱을 수행하지만 홉수가 늘어나더라도 라우팅 오버헤드의 변화량이 일정함
클러스터 내에 노드가 들어오면 해당 클러스터 및 다른 클러스터의 모든 노드 정보를 알 수 있음
LORA-CBF
Density가 높은 환경에서 홉수의 변화에도 성능유지-Route discovery time, Routing overhead 등
Navie directional flooding protocol 과 비교 -> effective Packet Delivery
Gather neighbor information by hearing packets or exchanging hello message
중복하여 전송하는 패킷의 수가 적기 때문에 오버헤드를 줄일 수 있음LCN
단일방향에서 많은 수의 차들이 주행하는 토폴로지 환경에 적합
Reference 논문이 Concept 논문으로 실증 비교 과정이 없음
위상관리를 위한 주기적인 위치 교환방법 및 Local Peer 그룹 헤더를 선출하는 방법을 정의하지 않음
차량 사이의 메시지 전송 범위와 방향을 컨트롤하기 위해 그룹을 형성LPG
그룹 내의 차량에게 돌발상황 메시지의 빠르고 능률적인 전달이 가능
Vehicular Ad-hoc Routing Protocols
Routing protocols of InterRouting protocols of Inter--Vehicle communicationVehicle communication
Result (Reference Paper)_Broadcast and Multicast
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200824(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Project/Standard Trend of VANETProject/Standard Trend of VANET
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200825(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Telematics/ITS 기술 및 표준 개발 동향
USA VII
VSCCICAS
AHSRAAVS3
Japan
Telematics/ITS
CVISGST
EASIS
Prevent
CarTALK2000 COOPERSSafespot
eSafetySupport
SEVECOM
Europe
Standardization
ISO
IEEECEN ETSI
FrequencyRegulation
ITUCEPT
NationalProjects
AIDA
Invent
INFONEBBIAFleetNet
NOW
Stakeholders
InsuranceSuppl.
Veh.ManufTelco
Road
Legislation
States
Member
eSafetyFORUM
C2C-CC
COMeSafety
Korea CVHS
UTISAVI/ERI
WISDOMe-Call/ACN
Hi-Pass BIS
C2C-CC/SAFESPOT
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200826(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
VANET 프로젝트 동향
프로젝트 명 수행기간 국가 특징
CVIS(Cooperative Vehicle-
Infrastructure System)
2006 ~ 2010 유럽
▪ 무선통신을 통한 실시간 교통정보 및 차량정보를 수집하여 위치기반 정보를 제공▪ 통신기술 : CALM, 802.11p, 등▪ 제공서비스- 도시 : 차량정보 수집 및 교통 관리, 유동적인 버스 차선 관리- 고속도로 및 외부도로 : 여행자 정보제공, 위험경고신호- 화물 및 주차 : 위험 화물 정보 관리, 주차정보 알림
Cartalk 2000 2001 ~ 2004 유럽
▪ 차량간 차량의 Ad-hoc통신을 통해 운전자에게 운행안전 정보 및필요 정보 제공▪ 통신기술 : UMTS, GPS▪ 제공서비스- 센서를 이용한 차량 주행 안전 시스템 제공- 차량간 통신을 통한 주행 안전정보 제공
Safespot 2006 ~ 현재 유럽
▪ European Commission Information Society technologies의 6th Framework program 중 하나인 협력 프로젝트임▪ 통신기술 : 802.11p, CALM, 등
Watch-Over 2006 ~ 현재 유럽
▪ European Commission Information Society technologies의 협력 프로젝트이며, 도로상의 보행자 사고를 줄이기 위한 목표로 진행중임▪ 통신기술 : 802.15.4, RFID, UWB(ultra Wide Band Radio)
C2C-CC/SAFESPOT
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200827(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
VANET 프로젝트 동향
프로젝트 명 수행기간 국가 특징
FleetNet 2000~2003 유럽
▪ 차량간 애드혹 네트워크 통신을 통해 차량간 센서데이터의 교환등으로 상호협력적인 Driver-Assistance Application의 개발이목적임▪ 제공서비스- 사고방지를 위한 도로위 정지차량의 존재를 경보함(Decentralized floating car data service)- 유저간 통신을 위한 어플리케이션을 제공함
C2C-CC - 유럽
▪ 무선랜 기반의 차량간 통신시스템의 표준화를 목적으로 결성되었으며, Active safety application의 프로토타입 개발과C2C 시스템구현을 위한 주파수 할당을 목표로 진행중▪통신기술 : IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/p PHY/MAC 기반
NOW(Network on
Wheels)2004~2008
유럽(독일)
▪ 무선랜 기술을 기초로 한 차량간 통신시스템 개발이 목적이며, 차량간 통신프로토콜, 보안이슈 및 자동차간 통신시스템용 부품개발을 목표로 하고 있음▪ 통신기술 : IEEE 802.11a,b 와 IPV6 기반▪ 제공서비스- 도로상태 및 교통정보를 수집하여 차량간 제공
Willwarn - 유럽
▪ 유럽의 도로안전 연구 프로젝트인 PreVENT의 하부 프로젝트임▪ 통신기술 : 802.11 a/p 를 기반으로 연구▪ 제공서비스- 잠재적으로 위험한 상황을 운전자에게 경고함으로 사고를 미연에방지함
C2C-CC/SAFESPOT
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200828(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
VANET 프로젝트 동향
프로젝트 명 수행기간 국가 특징
Inter-Vehicular
communication(IVC)- 유럽
▪ 멀티홉 라우팅을 통한 차량간 통신을 위한 목표 프로젝트를 진행중임▪ 제공서비스- 운전자의 안전운행을 위한 운전자 정보를 제공함
Sevecom 2007~ 유럽
▪ 차량간 통신을 이용한 서비스들의 보안을 위해 만들어진 프로젝트이며, 채널, 데이터, Telematics Control Unit들에 대한 공격을방지하기 위한 인증 연구 및 아키텍처와 보안메커니즘의specification을 위한연구를 진행하고 있음
VII - 미국
• VII는 통신 기술을 이용하여 도로상의 교통인프라와 차량간의 통신체계를 통합• 교통신호 등을 보다 효율적으로 최적화 할 수 있게 되어 교통 정체해소 및 운전자 안전 확보 가능
VMC - 한국
• 고속의 이동 환경최대 200Km/h• 잦은 토폴로지 변화
- Ad-hoc network- 짧은 통신 시간으로 인해 handshaking 과정 축소• 주로 차량 안전 관련 메시지 송수신
C2C-CC/SAFESPOT
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200829(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
Scenario of C2C-CC (VANET)
Draft reference architecture
Special kinds of MANETs, supporting both safety and non-safety applications
Single, short-range dedicated technology (802.11p draft) in basic systems
Additional technologies (especially 802.11) in extended systems
Peculiarities:
High mobility
Large number of nodes
Costs restrictions to allow for high deployability
Internet-based applications
Beneficial for safety purposes
Fundamental for non-safety purposes
C2C-CC/SAFESPOT
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200830(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
C2C-CC System Architecture
Protocol architecture of the C2C Communication System
C2C-CC/SAFESPOT
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200831(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
VII(Vehicle Infrastructure Integration)
VII의 개요
VII는 통신 기술을 이용하여 도로상의 교통인프라와 차량간의 통신체계를 통합
교통신호 등을 보다 효율적으로 최적화 할 수 있게 되어 교통 정체 해소 및 운전
자 안전 확보 가능
응용 분야 응용 예
교통 및 고속도로 운영 통행, 날씨 및 노면 상태 파악
차내 통행 정보 다양한 경로 검색 및 안내
사건 발생시 즉시 응답 및 자동 사건 상황
평가
교차로 충돌 방지 및 경보차량 사고
전방 차량 충돌 방지 경보
C2C-CC/SAFESPOT
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200832(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
VII(Vehicle Infrastructure Integration)
32
C2C-CC/SAFESPOT
ucrl.hanayang.ac.kr
[교차로 충돌 방지 및 경보 시스템]
N o D e d ica ted tu rn s igna ls
N o D ed ica ted tu rn s ig na ls
Le ft tu rn a nd th roug h s ig na ls
Le ft tu rn a nd th roug h s ig na ls
X
Lane C en te rline
In te rsec tion L oca tionX
X
X
X
X
S topp ing Loca tion X
In te rsec tion ID : 23 983
1 2
3
4
5
6 7
10
9
8
Lane ID 5
Vehicle A
Vehicle B
V2I(OBE-RSE)
V2V(OBE-OBE)
[전방 차량 충돌 방지 시스템]
5.9GHz DSRCmessages
• Radar FOV
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200833(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
VMC 통신 요소 기술 개발고속의 이동 환경
최대 200Km/h
Wi-Fi, WIBRO는 속도의 제한
잦은 토폴로지 변화Ad-hoc network
짧은 통신 시간으로 인해 handshaking 과정 축소
Link Setup 시간이 작아야 한다.
주로 차량 안전 관련 메시지 송수신
VMC(Vehicle Multi-hop Communication)
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200834(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
VMC 통신 요소 기술 개발
차량 안전 메시지 방송 서비스실시간 차량 정보 수집 및 멀티홉 통신 서비스
차량 안전 메시지 방송 서비스실시간 차량 정보 수집 및 멀티홉 통신 서비스
VMC(Vehicle Multi-hop Communication)
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200835(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
CALM / WAVE
ISO TC204 WG 16 : CALMCALM 구성
Individual Application
Application IF
Upper layer
Lower layer
SWG 16.5 eCall
Application Core function
SWG 16.2CALM NetworkCALM LL-SAPs
SWG 16.1CALM Medium
SWG 16.5
eCall
SWG 16.4Application
management
SWG 16.3Probe data
SWG16.0
Com
munic
atio
n
Dedicated short range communication
Medium areaCommunication
Wide areaCommunication
CALM
arc
hite
ctu
re
CALM
SWG 16.6CALM Fast
Ad hoc Sub-System
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200836(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
CALM fast architecture
ISO TC204 WG 16.6 : CALM Ad-hoc sub-system
Interface Management Entity (IME)
IPv6
CALM Management Entity (CME) / Session and Upper Layer
OEM Interface
Others including.
positioning & broadcast RX
M-SA
P
SNMP / UPNP
T-SAP
M-SAP
Cable LAN Modem
IPv6
C-SAP
CALM Communications Unit (CCU)
Network Management Entity (NME)
SAP
Man
agem
entI n
form
ati o
nB
ase
(MI B
)&
Man
ag e
men
tIn
t raco
mm
unic
ation
s
Service / ApplicationInitialization Management
Cable LAN Modem
Predicted FAST
FAST
C-SAP
T-SAP
SAP
Network and Transport Layer
Physical and Data Link Layer
UDP
Primitive functions
CALM-MAIL
15628DSRC
NCP LPCP
Local Port
ProtocolCALM FACE
CALM FACE
CALM FACE including C2C-CC applications
CALM
C2C
-C
Capplic
ations
CALM
basic
applic
ations
T-SAP
CALM / WAVE
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200837(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
The STA is broadcasted in the Vehicle Service Advertisement Frame (VSAF)
Service Advertisement / Response Frame (RSAF / VSAF)
ISO TC204 WG 16.6 : CALM Ad-hoc sub-system
CALM / WAVE
Ubiquitous Communication Research LAB KRnet 200838(Sang-Sun Lee / [email protected])
summary
VANET환경에서의 Multi-hop Communication을 위한 Routing Protocol
Contention based forwarding, Map based geographic routing, Broadcasting and
Multicasting
Protocol Specification
Characteristics for Routing Protocols
VANET 관련 국내/외 프로젝트 동향
유럽 : C2C-CC (Car 2 Car-Communication Consortium)
미국 : VII (Vehicle Infrastructure Integration)
국내 : VMC (Vehicle Multi-hop Communication)
VANET에 관한 표준화
CALM 16.6 Fast Ad-hoc sub-system