Compiled by: Jayakumar BalasubramanianWeb: http://www.jwritings.com

Email: b.jayakumar@gmail.com

Why layering ? Break-down of responsibilities Making it simple Network abstraction

OS Independence Hardware independence Migration issues

Increase in network applications

OSI Layers

TCP/IP Reference model

TCP/IP properties Flexible architecture Backbone of modern Internet Suite of protocols Well defined standards Request For Comments (RFC)

OSI and TCP/IP

Implementation details

Protocol data flow

Ethernet technology Popular LAN technology IEEE 802.3 MAC and LLC layers Variants:

Thin-wire Ethernet Co-axial cable Twisted pair

LAN connectors Switches and Hubs Routers and Switches

MAC and LLC layers

Basics of addressing

Ethernet address and frame format 48 bit MAC address

Unicast Multicast Broadcast

Ethernet frame fields Preamble Source & destination MAC address Frame type Data & MTU CRC

Internet ArchitectureNetwork abstractionDynamic path discoveryOS independenceThe ‘Unified’ and ‘All the same’ experienceThe internet ‘Backbone’

Internet backbone of Japan

Web : http://www.jwritings.comEmail: b.jayakumar@gmail.com