Network Fundamentals – Chapter 2
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Transcript of Network Fundamentals – Chapter 2
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE I Chapter 6 1
Communicating over the Network
Network Fundamentals – Chapter 2
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 2
Objectives Identify the structure of a network, including the
devices and media that are necessary for successful communications.
Identify the function of protocols in network communications.
Identify the advantages of using a layered model to describe network functionality.
Identify the role of each layer in two recognized network models: The TCP/IP model and the OSI model.
Identify the importance of addressing and naming schemes in network communications.
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 3
Network Structure Elements of communication
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 4
Network Structure How messages are communicated
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 5
Network Structure Components of a network
Software: Network applications i.e. Web Server(http), File Transfer (FTP), Internet
Relay chat (IRC), Domain Name Translation (DNS), Email (SMTP)
Hardware: Laptop, PC , NIC, Repeater, Hub switch, modem, Wireless routers
Communications servers, Routers, cables, Free space
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 6
Network Structure End Devices and their Role in the Network
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 7
Network StructureIntermediary devices connect the individual hosts to the network and can
connect multiple individual networks to form an internetwork.
Examples: Network Access Devices (Hubs, switches, and wireless access points)
Internetworking Devices (routers)
Communication Servers and Modems
Security Devices (firewalls)
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 8
Network Types Local Area Networks (LANs) Topologies include:
•Star
•Mesh
•Ring
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Network Types Wide Area Networks (WANs)
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Network Types Internet
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Network Types Network Icons
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Function of Protocol in Network Communication Protocols and layered models facilitate communication
over data networks
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Function of Protocol in Network Communication Network protocols
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Function of Protocol in Network Communication Different protocols interact between layers
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Function of Protocol in Network Communication Protocols allow Technology independence
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Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model Layered models facilitate complex design from multiple
vendors
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Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model TCP/IP Model (Working model of the Internet)
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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 18
Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model Communication Process is through each layer
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Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model Protocol data units (PDU) and encapsulation
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Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model Process of sending and receiving messages
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Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model Protocol and reference models
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Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model OSI Model Layers
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Layers with TCP/IP and OSI Model Comparison of OSI and TCP/IP model
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Addressing and Naming Schemes Encapsulation headers are used to manage
communication in data networks
•Allows data to move between end devices using MAC addressing and IP addressing
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Addressing and Naming Schemes Getting the Data to the end Device on Data-Link Layer
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Addressing and Naming Schemes Getting the Data through the Internetwork
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Addressing and Naming Schemes Port numbers are used to identify the destination
application
FTP (21),SSH(22),Telnet(23), Email(25), http(80) www(8080) IRC(6667)
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IP addressing Basics
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IP addressing Basics
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IP addressing Basics
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IP addressing Basics
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Example
Example: For the address 192.168.1.3
Determine:
The length of the subnet mask in bits.
The Subnet mask format in dotted decimal format
The class of the address
The number of bits in the host portion
The network address
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Solution
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Solutions
The length of the subnet mask in bits. (24)
The Subnet mask format in dotted decimal format (255.255.255.0)
The class of the address (C)
The number of bits in the host portion (8 bits)
The network address (192.168.1.0 i.e. when all the host bits are 0)
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Network Models and Protocols
2.6.2 Using Wireshark to vew PDUs
3.4.2 Managing a small web server
(Applications, Addressing, Protocols, connectivity)