A Roadmap to.NET Ajdan Jumerefendi COMPSCI 109 September 19, 2003.
.NET O VERVIEW Introduction to.NET Web Services The.NET Framework Common Language Runtime Windows...
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.NET OVERVIEW
Introduction to .NET Web Services The .NET Framework Common Language Runtime Windows Forms Web Forms ADO.NET Languages
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INTRODUCTION TO .NETWHAT IS .NET?
A vision of how information technology will evolve
A platform that supports the vision A business model of software as a service
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INTRODUCTION TO .NETWHAT IS .NET?
A vision Web sites will be joined by Web services New smart devices will join the PC User interfaces will become more adaptable
and customizable Enabled by Web standards
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INTRODUCTION TO .NETWHAT IS .NET?
A platform The .NET Framework Visual Studio.NET .NET Enterprise Servers
Database, Messaging, Integration, Commerce, Proxy, Security, Mobility, Orchestration, Content Management
.NET Building Block Services Passport .NET My Services (“Hailstorm”)
Goal: make it incredibly easy to build powerful Web applications and Web services
} The focus of this course
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INTRODUCTION TO .NETWHAT IS .NET?
A business model Software as a service Subscription-based services Application hosting, e.g. bCentral
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INTRODUCTION TO .NETTHE .NET PLATFORM
Web Form
.NET Framework
Windows
Web Service
.NET FoundationWeb Services
Your InternalWeb Service
Third-PartyWeb Services
.NET EnterpriseServers
Clients Applications
Protocols: HTTP,HTML, XML, SOAP, UDDI
Tools:Visual Studio.NET,
Notepad
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WEB SERVICES
A programmable application component accessible via standard Web protocols
The center of the .NET architecture Exposes functionality over the Web Built on existing and emerging standards
HTTP, XML, SOAP, UDDI, WSDL, …
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WEB SERVICESEVOLUTION OF THE WEB
Generation 1Static HTML
HTML
Generation 2Web Applications
HTML
HTML, XML
HTML, XML
Generation 3Web Services
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THE .NET FRAMEWORKWHAT IS THE .NET FRAMEWORK?
A set of technologies for developing and using components to create: Web Forms Web Services Windows Applications
Supports the software lifecycle Development Debugging Deployment Maintenance
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THE .NET FRAMEWORKTHE .NET FRAMEWORK AND VISUAL STUDIO.NET
Common Language Specification
Common Language Runtime
VB C++ C#
ASP.NET: Web Servicesand Web Forms
JScript …
WindowsForms
.NET Framework Base Classes
ADO.NET: Data and XML
Visu
al Stu
dio
.NE
T
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THE .NET FRAMEWORK.NET FRAMEWORK CLASSES
System.Data
DesignOLEDB
SQLTypesSQL
System
GlobalizationDiagnostics
ConfigurationCollections
ResourcesReflection
NetIO
ThreadingText
ServiceProcessSecurity Runtime
InteropServicesRemotingSerialization
System.Xml
XPathXSLT Serialization
System.Web
Configuration SessionStateCaching Security
ServicesDescriptionDiscoveryProtocols
UIHtmlControls
WebControlsSystem.Drawing
ImagingDrawing2D
TextPrinting
System.Windows.FormsForm Button
MessageBox ListControl
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COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIMEGOALS
Development services Deep cross-language interoperability Increased productivity
Deployment services Simple, reliable deployment Fewer versioning problems – NO MORE ‘DLL HELL’
Run-time services Performance Scalability Availability
Reliability Security Safety
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COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIMECOMPILATION
Source CodeSource Code
C++, C#, VB or any .NET language
csc.exe or vbc.exe
Compiler
AssemblyAssembly
DLL or EXE
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COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIMEASSEMBLIES
Assembly Logical unit of deployment Contains Manifest, Metadata, MSIL and resources
Manifest Metadata about the components in an assembly
(version, types, dependencies, etc.) Type Metadata
Completely describes all types defined in an assembly: properties, methods, arguments, return values, attributes, base classes, …
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COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIMEASSEMBLIES
Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL, IL) All languages compile to IL (managed code) IL is always compiled to native code before
being executed Resources
E.g. .bmp, .jpg
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COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIMEEXECUTION MODEL
CLR
VBSource code
Compiler
C++C#
Assembly AssemblyAssembly
Operating System Services
MSIL
Common Language Runtime JIT Compiler
Compiler Compiler
Nativecode
ManagedCode
ManagedCode
ManagedCode
UnmanagedCode
CLR Services
Ngen
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COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIMESERVICES Code management Conversion of MSIL to
native code Loading and execution of
managed code Creation and
management of metadata
Verification of type safety Insertion and execution
of security checks Memory management
and isolation
Handling exceptions across languages
Interoperation between .NET Framework objects and COM objects and Win32 DLLs
Automation of object layout for late binding
Developer services (profiling, debugging, etc.)
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COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIMEMULTIPLE LANGUAGE SUPPORT
Common Type System (CTS) A superset of the data types used by most modern
programming languages Common Language Specification (CLS)
A subset of CTS that allows code written in different languages to interoperate
What languages? Microsoft: C++, Visual Basic, C#, JScript Third-Party: Cobol, Eiffel, Smalltalk, Scheme, Oberon,
Haskell, Java, Python, Perl, …
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COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIMEAPPLICATIONS
An application consists of one or more assemblies How does one assembly bind to another?
Based upon metadata and policy Local (preferred) Assembly Global Cache
Multiple versions of an assembly may exist on the same machine Easier software deployment, updates and removal Multiple versions of an assembly can even be used by
the same application
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COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIMESECURITY
Evidence-based security (authentication) Based on user identity and code identity Configurable policies Imperative and declarative interfaces
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WINDOWS FORMS Framework for building
rich clients Built upon .NET
Framework, languages Rapid Application
Development (RAD) Visual inheritance Anchoring and docking Rich set of controls Extensible controls
Data-aware Easily hooked into
Web Services ActiveX support Licensing support Printing support Advanced graphics
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WEB FORMS
Built with ASP.NET Logical evolution of ASP Similar development model: edit the page and
go Requires less code New programming model
Event-driven/server-side controls Rich controls (e.g. data grid, validation) Data binding Controls generate browser-specific code Simplified handling of page state
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WEB FORMSWEB FORMS
Allows separation of UI and business logic Uses .NET languages
Not just scripting Easy to use components XCOPY/FTP deployment Simple configuration (XML-based)
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WEB FORMSWEB FORMS
Caching (pages, fragments, custom) Scalable session state management Tracing support ASP.NET is extensible
No ISAPI / ASP dichotomy Automatic process rollover Forms-based authentication
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ADO.NET
Similar to ADO, but better factored Language-neutral data access Supports two styles of data access
Disconnected Forward-only, read-only access
Supports data binding DataSet: a collection of tables Can view and process data relationally (tables) or
hierarchically (XML)
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LANGUAGES C#
New language created for .NET Safe, productive evolution of C++ Key concepts:
Component-oriented Everything is an object Robust and durable code Preserving your investment
Submitted to ECMA for standardization Uses .NET Framework classes
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LANGUAGES VISUAL BASIC.NET
Modernizes and simplifies Visual Basic Inheritance Threading Exception handling
Support for late binding Uses .NET Framework classes
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CONCLUSION
Internet Technologies Programming Languages and Paradigms Programming the Web .NET Overview