Net Ionic Equations

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Net Ionic Equations An Application of Double Replacement Reactions

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Net Ionic Equations. An Application of Double Replacement Reactions. Introduction. We know that double replacement reactions result in the formation of either - a precipitate, or an insoluble gas, or water. Introduction. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of Net Ionic Equations

Page 1: Net Ionic Equations

Net Ionic EquationsAn Application of Double Replacement

Reactions

Page 2: Net Ionic Equations

IntroductionWe know that double replacement reactions

result in the formation of either -

a precipitate, or

an insoluble gas, or

water

Page 3: Net Ionic Equations

IntroductionWe know that double replacement reactions

result in the formation of either -

a precipitate, or

an insoluble gas, or

water

•Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

“An aqueous solution of lead(II) nitrate is mixed with an aqueous solution of potassium iodide and results in the formation of solid lead(II) iodide and an aqueous solution of potassium nitrate.”

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Ions in Solution• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Let’s look at what happens when we make the two starting solutions -

Pb(NO3)2(s) → Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq)

KI(s) → K+(aq) + I−(aq)

• Our solutions are actually composed of the ions in solution.

• When we write “Pb(NO3)2(aq)” we really mean “Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3

−(aq)”

H2O

H2O

Page 5: Net Ionic Equations

Ions in Solution• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Page 6: Net Ionic Equations

Ions in Solution• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

• The PbI2(s) is a solid and is not in solution -

• we don’t have separated ions

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Ions in Solution• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

• The PbI2(s) is a solid and is not in solution -

• we don’t have separated ions

• The KNO3(aq) is in solution and represents solvated ions -

• KNO3(aq) → K+(aq) + NO3−(aq)

H2O

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Ions in Solution• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 K+(aq) + 2

NO3−(aq)

• The PbI2(s) is a solid and is not in solution -

• we don’t have separated ions

• The KNO3(aq) is in solution and represents solvated ions -

• KNO3(aq) → K+(aq) + NO3−(aq)

H2O

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Ionic Equations• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 K+(aq) + 2

NO3−(aq)

Page 10: Net Ionic Equations

• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 K+(aq) + 2

NO3−(aq)

• This is called the “complete ionic equation”

• We have all the ionic species on both sides of the arrow

Ionic Equations

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• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 K+(aq) + 2

NO3−(aq)

• This is called the “complete ionic equation”

• If we look carefully at the equation, we will see compounds that are the same on both sides

Ionic Equations

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• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 K+(aq) + 2

NO3−(aq)

• This is called the “complete ionic equation”

• If we look carefully at the equation, we will see compounds that are the same on both sides

• 2 NO3−(aq)

Ionic Equations

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• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 K+(aq) + 2

NO3−(aq)

• This is called the “complete ionic equation”

• If we look carefully at the equation, we will see compounds that are the same on both sides

• 2 NO3−(aq)

Ionic Equations

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• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 K+(aq) + 2

NO3−(aq)

• This is called the “complete ionic equation”

• If we look carefully at the equation, we will see compounds that are the same on both sides

• 2 NO3−(aq) and 2 K+(aq)

Ionic Equations

Page 15: Net Ionic Equations

• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 K+(aq) + 2

NO3−(aq)

• This is called the “complete ionic equation”

• If we look carefully at the equation, we will see compounds that are the same on both sides

• 2 NO3−(aq) and 2 K+(aq)

Ionic Equations

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• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 K+(aq) + 2

NO3−(aq)

• This is called the “complete ionic equation”

• If we look carefully at the equation, we will see compounds that are the same on both sides

• 2 NO3−(aq) and 2 K+(aq)

• These are called “spectator ions”

Ionic Equations

Page 17: Net Ionic Equations

• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 K+(aq) + 2

NO3−(aq)

• This is called the “complete ionic equation”

• Spectator ions don’t participate in the reaction

• They hang around and watch

Ionic Equations

Page 18: Net Ionic Equations

• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 NO3−(aq) + 2 K+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 K+(aq) + 2

NO3−(aq)

• If we remove the spectator ions from the equation ...

Ionic Equations

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• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s)

• If we remove the spectator ions from the equation ...

Ionic Equations

Page 20: Net Ionic Equations

• Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2 KNO3(aq)

Now, we can write the equation as a mixture of solvated ions -

• Pb2+(aq) + 2 I−(aq) → PbI2(s)

• If we remove the spectator ions from the equation, we end up with an equation that has only the reacting species.

This is called the “net ionic equation”

Ionic Equations

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Example 1:

Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and determine the spectator ions for the following equation:

•BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2 NaCl(aq)

Applications

Page 22: Net Ionic Equations

Example 1:

Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and determine the spectator ions for the following equation:

•BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2 NaCl(aq)

Ions in solution:• Ba2+(aq) + 2 Cl−(aq) + 2 Na+(aq) + SO4

2−(aq)

Applications

Page 23: Net Ionic Equations

Example 1:

Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and determine the spectator ions for the following equation:

•BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2 NaCl(aq)

Ions in solution:• Ba2+(aq) + 2 Cl−(aq) + 2 Na+(aq) + SO4

2−(aq)•Ions on both sides of the arrow:

2 Cl−(aq) + 2 Na+(aq)

Applications

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Example 1:

Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and determine the spectator ions for the following equation:

•BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2 NaCl(aq)

Ions in solution:• Ba2+(aq) + 2 Cl−(aq) + 2 Na+(aq) + SO4

2−(aq)•Ions on both sides of the arrow:

2 Cl−(aq) + 2 Na+(aq)

Applications

These are the spectator ions

Page 25: Net Ionic Equations

Example 1:

Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and determine the spectator ions for the following equation:

•BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2 NaCl(aq)

Complete Ionic Equation:Ba2+(aq) + 2 Cl−(aq) + 2 Na+(aq) + SO4

2−(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2 Na+(aq) +2 Cl−(aq)

Applications

Page 26: Net Ionic Equations

Example 1:

Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and determine the spectator ions for the following equation:

•BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2 NaCl(aq)

Complete Ionic Equation:Ba2+(aq) + 2 Cl−(aq) + 2 Na+(aq) + SO4

2−(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2 Na+(aq) +2 Cl−(aq)

•Net Ionic Equation:•Ba2+(aq) + SO4

2−(aq) → BaSO4(s)

Applications

Page 27: Net Ionic Equations

Example 1:

Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and determine the spectator ions for the following equation:

•BaCl2(aq) + Na2SO4(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2 NaCl(aq)

Complete Ionic Equation:Ba2+(aq) + 2 Cl−(aq) + 2 Na+(aq) + SO4

2−(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2 Na+(aq) +2 Cl−(aq)

•Net Ionic Equation:•Ba2+(aq) + SO4

2−(aq) → BaSO4(s)

•Spectator Ions:•Na+(aq) and Cl−(aq)

Applications

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Example 2:

Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and determine the spectator ions for the following equation:

•AgClO4(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaClO4(aq)

Applications

Page 29: Net Ionic Equations

Example 2:

Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and determine the spectator ions for the following equation:

•AgClO4(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaClO4(aq)

Ions in solution:

Ag+(aq) + ClO4−(aq) + Na+(aq) + Cl−(aq)

Applications

Page 30: Net Ionic Equations

Example 2:

Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and determine the spectator ions for the following equation:

•AgClO4(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaClO4(aq)

Ions in solution:

Ag+(aq) + ClO4−(aq) + Na+(aq) + Cl−(aq)

•Ions on both sides of the arrow:

ClO4−(aq) + Na+(aq)

Applications

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Example 2:

Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and determine the spectator ions for the following equation:

•AgClO4(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaClO4(aq)

Ions in solution:

Ag+(aq) + ClO4−(aq) + Na+(aq) + Cl−(aq)

•Ions on both sides of the arrow:

ClO4−(aq) + Na+(aq)

Applications

These are the spectator ions

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Example 2:

Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and determine the spectator ions for the following equation:

•AgClO4(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaClO4(aq)

Complete Ionic Equation:•Ag+(aq) + ClO4

−(aq) + Na+(aq) + Cl−(aq) → AgCl(s) + Na+(aq) + ClO4−(aq)

Applications

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Example 2:

Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and determine the spectator ions for the following equation:

•AgClO4(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaClO4(aq)

Complete Ionic Equation:•Ag+(aq) + ClO4

−(aq) + Na+(aq) + Cl−(aq) → AgCl(s) + Na+(aq) + ClO4−(aq)

Net Ionic Equation:•Ag+(aq) + Cl−(aq) → AgCl(s)

Applications

Page 34: Net Ionic Equations

Example 2:

Write the complete ionic equation, the net ionic equation, and determine the spectator ions for the following equation:

•AgClO4(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + NaClO4(aq)

Complete Ionic Equation:•Ag+(aq) + ClO4

−(aq) + Na+(aq) + Cl−(aq) → AgCl(s) + Na+(aq) + ClO4−(aq)

Net Ionic Equation:•Ag+(aq) + Cl−(aq) → AgCl(s)

•Spectator Ions:•Na+(aq) and ClO4

−(aq)

Applications

Page 35: Net Ionic Equations

To write the complete ionic equation -

separate all aqueous ionic compounds into their aqueous ions

keep all solids, insoluble gases, and water together

Summary

Page 36: Net Ionic Equations

To write the complete ionic equation -

separate all aqueous ionic compounds into their aqueous ions

• keep all solids, insoluble gases, and water together

•To find the spectator ions -• find the aqueous ions that are the same on

both sides of the arrow

Summary

Page 37: Net Ionic Equations

•To write the complete ionic equation -• separate all aqueous ionic compounds into

their aqueous ions• keep all solids, insoluble gases, and water

together•To find the spectator ions -

• find the aqueous ions that are the same on both sides of the arrow

•To write the net ionic equation -• remove the spectator ions from the

complete ionic equation

Summary