NEST Murogov Andrianov Ponomarev Stepnoy Rumjantsev Tulinov

8/6/2019 NEST Murogov Andrianov Ponomarev Stepnoy Rumjantsev Tulinov

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CULTURE OF NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION AND

SECURITY AS A BASIC ELEMENT OF NUCLEAR CULTURE

Andrianov A.A., Murogov V.M., Ponomarev-Stepnoy N.N., Rumyantsev A.N., Tulinov B.M

NATIONAL RESEARCH NUCLEAR UNIVERSITY (NRNU MEPHI)

NESTet 2011 15-18 May 2011 Prague

The work was performed within the framework of NRNU MEPHI - ISTC Project SB 159.


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ContentEducation activity

Special courses Some topics of lecture courses

Methodical support of educational process

Joint courses with IAEA on energy planning software

Experience of teaching foreign students

Scientific activity

Developing risk assessment methodologies

Software for quantitative risk assessment based on multiple objective

analysis framework

Objects for energy system analyses

Medium-term worldwide supply and demand relationship on NFC

services


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A dual-use nature of nuclear technology consisting in the potential for its application

equally in peaceful and military sphere is the basic contradiction for the existingnuclear non-proliferation regime and comprehensive development of the nuclear

energy (NE) and nuclear fuel cycle (NFC). The associated antagonism between the

need for the development of civil NE, extension of countries range and areas of

application, on the one hand, and risk of transferring nuclear technologies and

fissile materials being potentially applied in the military sphere, on the other hand,

defines the principal threat to the non-proliferation regime. Moreover, the intensityof the situation in nuclear non-proliferation at the beginning of the new millennium

coincided with a new cycle of renewed interest to NE, to plans and efforts focused

on further development of innovative technologies: for instance, small-size nuclear

power plants for developing countries; breeder reactors with closed NFC with

reprocessing and recycling of fissile materials, primarily, plutonium; high-efficiencytechnology of centrifugal enrichment, etc. which would inevitably result in the

increasing risk of stealing fissile materials and changing nuclear technologies from

peaceful to military activity. This is particularly evident with the increasing threat of

nuclear and radiation terrorism with the widening scope of potential application of

nuclear science and technology. The prevention of proliferation is nowadays more

urgent than ever.

Introduction


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In these circumstances, it becomes more evident that only institutional, technology and/or prohibitive (control) measures of

international organizations do not provide absolute guarantee,

especially in the context of potential threat of terrorism.

A crucial role of Control, Accounting and Physical Protection is

definitely increasing (this is a necessary condition). But also as it was

with the development of Nuclear Safety Culture after the Three Mile

Island and Chernobyl accidents, the problem of educating,

developing Nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear security culture in

mass consciousness of population and authorities of all levels (as asecond-order condition) has become a high priority.

Introduction


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Education activity


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Special courses

UNDERGRADUATECOURSES

Methodology and history of nuclear powerRecent developments in nuclear power

Problems of nuclear power

Nuclear reactions and reactors

Advanced nuclear power systems

GRADUATECOURSES Physical protection, control and accounting of fissile materials

Status and trends of nuclear power development

State of-the-art software for forecasting of nuclear power

development and NFC analysis

State of-the-art IT in scientific research

TOPICS OFPHD STUDIES Foresight and feasibility studies on nuclear technology

Development of competitiveness assessment methodology for

nuclear technologies

Development of expert support system on nuclear technology

Development of physical process models in nuclear technology

Statistics (man per year):

Undergraduate courses:100 Graduate courses : 20

PhD courses: 4

Human resources:

Full doctors: 6

Candidate of science: 10

PhD : 4

Material and technical support:

Specialized library

Computer Class

Specialized software

All course features an extensive set of

lecture notes, a complete set of lab

materials, and assignments with

solutions.


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Some topics of lecture courses1 The Front End of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle

2 The Back End of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle

3 Nuclear Fuel Design and Manufacturing4 Reactor Design Criteria

5 Objectives of Reactor Analysis

6 Reactivity and Burnable Poison

7 Fast Reactor Physics

8 Advanced Thermal Reactor Concepts (HTGR, ACR, etc.)

9 Hybrid Reactor Concepts (ADS, FNS, etc)

10 Safety Aspects of Nuclear Power

11 Nuclear Fuel Cycle Technologies

12 International Cooperation in the Nuclear Power

13 Thorium as a Nuclear Fuel

14 Nuclear Non-proliferation

15 Non-proliferation, Safeguards, and Export Controls

16 Proliferation-resistance of Nuclear Energy Systems

17 Pu and minor actinides Recycle

18 High Level Wastes

19 Transmutation of Spent Nuclear Fuel and Radioactive Waste

20 Economics of Nuclear Power

21 Fuel Cost Calculations

22 Nuclear Fuel Cycle Economics

Topics include uranium supply,

enrichment, fuel fabrication, in-core

physics and fuel management of

uranium, thorium and other fuel

types, reprocessing and waste

disposal.

Covered are the principles of fuel

cycle and nuclear power economics

as well as the applied reactor

physics.Nonproliferation and safety aspects,

management with excess weapons

plutonium, transmutation of actinides

and fission products in spent fuel are

considered.


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Methodical support of educational process (1)

1. Hardcopy and electronic training aids and

monographs2. Specialize software

3. Virtual labs, electronic aids and simulators for

courses

4. Electronic bank of tasks on different courses

5. A set of freely distributed computer modules,electronic templates, basic software component,

which students could immediately use in their

educational and research activities


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Under development:

Nuclear fuel cycle simulators Computer courses on energy system analysis software

Knowledge base on nuclear science and technology, film library

An information infrastructure to support the educational process

(portal, intellectual testing environment)

Methodical support of educational process (2)


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Joint courses with IAEA on energy planning

software A training course for 6 Russian institutions was

organized in cooperation with the IAEArecently.

Relevant training materials have been

developed by the group. Our students regularly

participate in national and international

workshops and conferences.


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Experience of teaching foreign students

Examples of diploma topics

Jaluvka D. Foresight and feasibility studies on nuclear technology by using

MESSAGE Alekseeva M. Feasibility study for construction of NPP RUTA in Yakutsk.

Mickiewicz A. Neutron-spectrometric analysis of samples of fissionable materials

Yatsyne T. Gamma-spectrometric analysis of samples of fissionable materials .

Etc.

Students from China, Japan, France, India, Czech Republic, Belarus weretrained in this area at the Department.

All of them were involved in ongoing research activities, which ensured

their consolidation in the field of nuclear technology.

At the moment there is a tendency to increase the share of foreignstudents


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Scientific activity


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Developing risk assessment methodologies

Expanded scenario model which arebased on methodology of controlled

finite Markov chain

Assessment of adversary scenariosbased on multiple objective analysis

framework


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SOFTWARE FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT

BASED ON MULTIPLE OBJECTIVE ANALYSIS FRAMEWORK

DIALOG SYSTEM OF STOCHASTIC

MULTIOBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION

INTERACTIVE SYSTEM FOR VISUAL

ANALYSIS OF FEASIBLE SET

BORDERS

To perform calculation based on based on multiple objective

analysis framework the specialized software was developed

To perform calculation based on based on multiple objective

analysis framework the specialized software was developed


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T ENEX EURO DIF USEC URENCO LES/NEF

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Objects for energy system analysesWorld nuclear fuel market

National stratagy nuclearpower

development

Software developed:

SYSTEM

EKONOM

SMAENG

DIPLOM-GENESIS

NE SD model

ParSAM

Applications: National, Regional and

global levels

Optimization of general

and nuclear energy

structure

International software

used:MESSEGE

DESAESIMPACT

ENPEP

MAED

Prognostic

methodology: sensitivity factors

system dynamics

method of unimprovable

alternatives

Small and medium sized reactors

for regional energy supply

Innovative global nuclear power syste


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Medium-term worldwide supply and demand

relationship on NFC services

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TENEX EURODIF USEC URENCO LES/NEF

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k

1- WesternEurope, 2 - EasternEurope,

3- AsiaandAfrica, 4 - LatinandNorthAmerica

Enrichment SNF storage

Moment of full load current and

planned NFC capacity

1 fuel burnup and enrichment tails remain at the current level

2 fuel burnup increases and enrichment tails decreases to 0.24%

3 - fuel burnup increases and enrichment tails decreases to 0.2%


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ConclusionsExperience of the group has demonstrated the possibility of forming Nuclear non-

proliferation and nuclear security culture by means of ensuring effective integration of fundamental and applied research with the

educational process, including the use of research results in the lecture

courses and practical training, performance laboratory, course and teaching-

research, production and pre-diploma practice under the guidance of staff.

improving the quality of teaching and methodical work by creating newcurricula, and teaching aids, textbooks including in electronic form.

carrying out effective international cooperation in the field by performing

contract work, the organization of international exchange of staff, students

and young scientists. Facilitate the employment of graduates in high-tech

companies, academic centers, technology transfer centers.

running Pre-University Career Guidance for Youth motivation for professional

work in the field of nuclear science and technology by means of competitions,

scientific and practical conferences and implementation of measures to

popularize scientific knowledge.


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Thank you for your attention

NEST Murogov Andrianov Ponomarev Stepnoy Rumjantsev Tulinov

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