NEPTUNE research

Ann TranSeptember 11, 2003

Overview

Sidac component 3 circuits built and tested using

sidac High voltage components

diode latching vacuum switch resistor microcontroller sensor

Sidac Component

Sidac specification Needed datasheets of

sidac which had VBO of 30-40 Volts and continuous current of ½ Amp

Sidac is a silicon bilateral voltage triggered switch which switches on when voltage > VBO and continues to be on until current < IH

Sidac

Maximum Ratings NTE Type

Number

Breakover

Voltage (Volts)

ON Voltage (Volts)

Effective Current (Amps)

Surge Current (Amps)

Holding Current

(mAmps)

Power

Dissipation (mW)

VBO VT ITRMS ITSM IHOLD PD

6415 40 to 60 1.5 1 13 50 850 6416 55 to 65 1.5 1 13 50 850 6417 95 to 113 1.5 1 13 50 850 6418 104 to 118 1.5 1 13 50 850 6419 110 to 125 1.5 1 13 50 850

NTE Inc.

Break over voltage: This voltage is the maximum voltage that will be added across the two solenoids in series. It needs to meet the requirements of solenoid to close the switch. The voltage is also the lowest voltage under which the BU can close its switches in restoration mode, so we hope it is as low as possible. Proper value is around 40-100 V.Current: Maximum current in SIDAC is breakover voltage / (solenoid resistance *2).It should be within 1 A.

Size: L – 0.2 in., W – 0.2 in., H – 0.3in. (excluding wire)

Circuits Built and Tested

Circuit 1

Hardware circuit built to test reliability of sidac

Has been running for 6.12 x 108 seconds as of 12pm today

Branching Unit of NEPTUNE

Controller2Controller1

S1

S2

S3 S4C1

C3

C2

C4O1

O3

O2

O4

ScienceNode

Circuit 2 SimulationCircuit simulated to test the results of NEPTUNE BU

Current and voltage of sidac

Circuit 2

Circuit has been running for 1.93 x 106 seconds as of 12pm today

Hardware circuit to test reliability of sidac and NEPTUNE BU

Circuit 3 Simulation

Circuit simulated to test whether solenoid switch and sidac switched simultaneously

Circuit 3 Simulation (cont’d)

Voltages of sidac, solenoids, and both simultaneously

High Voltage Components

High voltage diode Voltage: diode needed to withstand 10kV in a normal situation.

Current: There would be current in the diode when the network is positively energized. The current would be equal to BU voltage divided by shunt resistance. The value of it will influence the capacitance charging time, thus the time to close the switches. If we could bear a longer time to close all the switches in the network, this current could be set to a very low value by using a big shunt resistance or low shore station voltage. A reasonable value is around 0.2 A.

Sensitron Semiconductor

VR = 5 kV - 25 kV, IF = 0.5 A, Size: L - ½ in., W - ½ in, H - 4.3in.

High voltage latch vacuum switch

Jennings Technology

Voltage: needs to be greater than 10 kV.

Current: needs to be greater than 10 A.

Size: L - 0.92 in., W - 0.4in., H - 2.69 in.

High voltage resistor

Resistance: The value of resistance decides the charging current of capacitance and the voltage variation range in the network, which is shown in the figure below.

The bigger the resistance is, the smaller the voltage variation in the network. But the cap charging time will be increased. Around 50,000 ohms is recommended. (Equivalent shunt branch resistance is 25,000 ohms.)Power: When using 50,000 ohms resistance, the biggest shunt resistance current will be 0.2 A, assuming the shore station voltage is 10kV. So the maximum power dissipated is 2 kW and it will only last ten seconds. (Power = 20,000 Joules)

0 5 10 15 200

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Equivalent shunt branch resistance (k )

Vol

tage

(kV

)

Lowest backbone voltage under 10kV shore station voltage

Equivalent shunt branch resistance (k Ohms)

Voltage (kV)

Lowest backbone voltage under 10kVshore station voltage

High voltage resistor (cont’d)

CompanyPart # Watts Resistor

Range()

LoadLife (h)

DielectricStrength

Size(inch.)

MilitaryQualification

PacificResistorCo.

250CH 250 Up to116k

Notgiven

5500Vrms

Notgiven

prf18546

Ohmite 270 240 Up to218k

Notgiven

3000VAC 2.5 x12.0

prf26

VishayDale

NH250 120 1.0 -17.4k

1000 h* 4500Vrms 2.1 x4.5

prf18546

* +(1.0% + 0.05) R, 1.5 hours “ON”, 0.5 hours “OFF”

Found by former student

The size of the resistors were not evaluated but are assumed to be very large since they are high power resistors.

Thank You!