Modification to Allow Automatic Filling of TSI Nephelometer with CO 2 Patrick Sheridan NOAA.
Nephelometer Introduction & Operation. What is a Nephelometer? The Nephelometer is an analytical...
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![Page 1: Nephelometer Introduction & Operation. What is a Nephelometer? The Nephelometer is an analytical instrument used to measure the light-scattering coefficient.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/56649d6e5503460f94a4ec68/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
NephelometerNephelometerIntroduction & Operation
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What is a Nephelometer?What is a Nephelometer?
• The Nephelometer is an analytical instrument used to measure the light-scattering coefficient of atmospheric and indoor aerosols. It measures the particulates in the air.
• The main uses of Nephelometers relate to air quality measurement for pollution monitoring, climate monitoring and visibility.
• A nephelometer has different levels of sensitivity depending on the design.
![Page 3: Nephelometer Introduction & Operation. What is a Nephelometer? The Nephelometer is an analytical instrument used to measure the light-scattering coefficient.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081801/56649d6e5503460f94a4ec68/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Why the Strange Name?
• The term nephelometer is derived from the Greek word nephos, meaning cloud.
• The first nephelometers were developed about 100 years ago to measure the turbidity level (cloudiness) of water samples.
• The first application for dust in air came along about 50 years ago. The first dust nephelometer used a Jeep headlight as a light source. Today, we use a small laser.
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3 Types of Dust3 Types of Dust
• Heavy Dust - The layer of dust on furniture and floors.• Settling Dust - Particulate’s in the air floating around
before it turns into heavy dust.• Suspended Atmospheric Dust - Minute particles slowly
settling or suspended by slight currents and existing in varying amounts in all air.
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Airborne ParticulateAirborne Particulate
Airborne particles are commonly either biological contaminants, particulate contaminants, gaseous contaminants or dust.
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The Human Airway SystemThe Human Airway System
Met One Instruments Proprietary
AlveolarRegion
AlveolarRegion
Trachea-Bronchial Region
Trachea-Bronchial Region
Head AirwaysRegion
Head AirwaysRegion
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Design IntentionDesign Intention
• Our Nephelometers Are Designed such that Their Response Has Strong Overlap with Human Alveolar and Trachea-Bronchial Deposition
AlveolarAlveolar
Trachea-BronchialTrachea-Bronchial
GizNeph EngineGizNeph Engine
Met One Instruments Proprietary
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Theory of OperationTheory of Operation
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Why Sheath Air is ImportantWhy Sheath Air is Important
• Prevents Engine Contamination.• Improves Response Time.
Fig. 1 Fig. 2W/OUT SHEATH AIR W/ SHEATH AIR
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Handheld NephelometerHandheld Nephelometer
Protective Inlet
Flow Adjust
Charging Jack
Iso-kinetic Inlet
Select/Mode
ON/OFF / Sample
Zero Cap
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Operation
• Be sure the inlet is open• Depress the Start/Stop Key for
a few seconds to power up the unit.
• The display will show the units (µg/M3), the sample mode (Manual) and the selected K Factor (Arizona Road Dust)
• Use the select key to change settings.
• Use the Start/Stop key to start a sample.
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K Factors
• The K factor corrects the reading to a certain type of dust
• The unit comes with 3 K-factors already in the library.
• These are Arizona Road Dust (ARD), Limestone and Coal Fly Ash.
• Other K factors may be determined through side-by-side sampling with a gravimetric sampler.
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Sampling Mode
• There are three sampling modes
• The Manual Mode takes a one minute sample and shuts off automatically
• The STEL Mode takes a 15 minute sample and shuts off automatically
• The Continuous Mode runs until you shut it off
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Datalog & PC Interface
• The data from the Nephelometer may be downloaded to a PC
• The software is included with each unit sold
• It allows storage of data, the addition of new K factors to the library, and the setting of the functions like the clock
• You can also export data as a .csv file, which can be converted to Excel.
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USB Port
Filter Port
Filter ReplacementFilter Replacement
• The Dust Monitor has a 0.2 micron filter to produce the clean air for the sheath system. This filter will normally need to be changed on an annual basis but may require a more frequent change if used in extremely dirty environments.
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ReliabilityReliability
COMPONENT NORMAL USAGE CONTINUOUS USAGE
ELECTRONICS >10 YEARS >5 YEARS
FIRMWARE / SOFTWARE FIELD UPGRADABLE FIELD UPGRADABLE
BATTERY >3 YEARS >1 YEAR
PUMP >3 YEARS >1 YEAR
CONTAMINATION VARIABLE VARIABLE
AMBIENT LIGHT VARIABLE VARIABLE
ZERO STABILITY VARIABLE VARIABLE
LASER DIODE >10 YEARS >5 YEARS
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BenefitsBenefits
• Portable light weight unit• Easy Operation• Instant Readings• Highly Sensitive• Competitively Priced• Monitoring Software
Included
• Low Cost of Ownership• Long Life Pump• Automatic Power Save• Selectable Sample Modes• Sheath Air w/ user
replaceable filter
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Common ApplicationsCommon Applications
• Indoor Air Quality Investigation
• Industrial Hygiene Quality Control
• Occupational Health Control
• Walk Through Surveys
• Particulate Matter Study
• Workplace & Plant Monitoring
• Evaluating Dust Generation / Suppression
• Emissions Monitoring
• HazMat Investigations
• Emergency Response
• Site Boundary Monitoring & Environmental Measurement
• Industrial Process Monitoring
• Testing Air Filtration Efficiency
• Aerosol Research Studies
• Personal Exposure Monitoring
• Remediation Personal Surveillance
• Outdoor Environmental Monitoring
• Baseline Trending & Screening
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Thank You