Nepalese Case Study on IED Counter MeasureshttpAssets)/951F268F4B673… · Timer Device Time delay...
Transcript of Nepalese Case Study on IED Counter MeasureshttpAssets)/951F268F4B673… · Timer Device Time delay...
Nepal grappled with the Maoist insurgency for a decade 1996-2006
IEDs were the weapons of choice of insurgents
Excessive uses of IEDs
To target security forces
To sabotage govt building and development infrastructures
To terrorize/ intimidate public
Home made and commercial explosives were excessively used
Radio Controlled IED
Time
Trends of Development of IEDs
Safety Fuse
Initiated
Wire Controlled
Victim operated
ROADSIDE BOMB & EXPLOSIVE AMBUSHES
• Generally via Command wire
• Mostly booby trapped with victim operated devices
Command Wire (CW) Firing Point (FP)
Contact Point (CP)
A Public Bus on Explosive Ambush at Chitawan on 5th June 2005
38 Dead and several others injured38 Dead and several others injured
Forensic Evidence Recovered from Scene
A splinter of bucket bomb with explosive
particles
The command wire used in the
Incident
Front portion of the vehicle
Rear portion of the vehicle
Road Side Bomb against UN Vehicle in PARSA WILDLIFE RESERVE on 22 Nov 2004
Arming SwitchArming SwitchTime CounterTime Counter
Variable Variable ResisterResister
CapacitorCapacitor
TransistorTransistor
Wire to the DetonatorWire to the Detonator
LEDLED
Timer DeviceTimer Device
Time delay from 30 seconds to 15 minTime delay from 30 seconds to 15 min
REMOTE CONTROL DEVICES REMOTE CONTROL DEVICES Receiver Transmitter
Call Bell
Receiver Transmitter
Motorcycle Alarm
Pressure Cooker IED with Call Bell Receiver Disposed out side Sipradi Traders at Thapathali on
23rd Mar 2004
Explosive
Home Made Commercial
• Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil (NH4NO3 -96% , Fuel oil( Diesel)- 4%)
• Ammonium Nitrate Aluminum (Ammonium Nitrate 90%, Alumiunum Powder 10%)
• Amonium Nitrate Nitrobenzene (Amonium Nitrate - 90%, Nitrobenzene - 10%)
• NAPALM. (Soap -40%, Petrol - 60%)
• NOBELGEL 80
• POWER GEL
• SUPERDYNE
• GYLETINE, DYNAMITE
• NEPOLITE
Explosive Used by Maoists during Explosive Used by Maoists during insurgencyinsurgency
SUN BRAND SUN BRAND TEL GEX 80TEL GEX 80 NOBLE GEL 80NOBLE GEL 80
POWER GELPOWER GEL BEL GELATINE 80BEL GELATINE 80
BEL GELATINE 80BEL GELATINE 80
Home made Explosives
White Phosphorus
Gun PowderYellow Powder (Amonium Nitrate Based Explosive)
White Powder (Amonium Nitrate Based Explosive)
After comprehensive Peace Agreement
Use of IEDs by various armed groups
The IEDs used are in developing stage
IED threats have been increasing in southern plain in recent days.
Establishment of separate EOD Holding Unit for the Search, disposal and analysis of such explosive devices, IED defeat strategy A combined action plan within the overall counterinsurgency campaignResource controlledCollecting data about adversary's activities that might indicate upcoming IED attacks.Detection and disruption throughout the IED Threat ChainDetecting the IEDs themselves
Deployment of EOD teams Awareness training For all security forces and government officials For public through TV, Radios and Pamphlets
Safety measures and Dos and Don’ts.Domination of roads & trSearch of suspected stretch of rd/tr before commencement of moveNever touch suspected items Use remote disposal techniquesEmploy trained pers only to clear suspected devicesDon’t try to be dead Hero
NA ReNA Re--habilitation centrehabilitation centre
VICTIM ASSISTANCEVICTIM ASSISTANCE
Cas EvacCas Evac Victim AssistanceVictim Assistance
VICTIM ASSISTANCEVICTIM ASSISTANCE
Est. of Army Rehabilition CenterCasualty Evacuation from Accident Site.Co-ordination with ICRC for Victim assistance.