Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007
description
Transcript of Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007
![Page 1: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Learning Season: The Untapped Power of Summer to Advance Student Achievement
Nellie Mae Education FoundationBeth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRAJune 20, 2007
![Page 2: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Learning Season
• Summer learning loss drives the test-score gap
between children from low income families and their
peers
• Summer opportunities can make a real difference in
children’s learning
• If we care about educational equity, we need to take
summer opportunities seriously
![Page 3: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Test Score Achievement Gap:Beginning School Study
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
Fall 1 Spring 5
Scor
e
Low SES High SES
VERBAL CAT BY SEASON AND SES (Alexander, Entwisle, and Olson)
![Page 4: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Test Score Achievement Gap:Beginning School Study
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
Fall 1 Spring1
Fall 2 Spring2
Fall 3 Spring3
Fall 4 Spring4
Fall 5 Spring5
Scor
e
Low SES High SES
VERBAL CAT BY SEASON AND SES (Alexander, Entwisle, and Olson)
![Page 5: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Learning Season:Baltimore Beginning School Study
Followed from school entry to age 22 1/3 of differences in 9th grade Reading
Comprehension scores attributable to preschool differences, 2/3 to summer learning differences
Differences have major impact (separate from income, race, etc) on: High school placement (academic or non-academic
track) Dropping out Attending 4-year college
![Page 6: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Why seasonal learning loss? The Resource Faucet Theory
adapted from Entwisle, Alexander, and Olson, 1997
![Page 7: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Learning Season:What does the research say?
Downey and colleagues• Learning gap for poor children grows much
faster in summer (K-1)
• Many schools are mis-categorized by annual testing regimens
• Schools less successful for African American students
![Page 8: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Learning Season:What does the research say?
Cooper and colleagues• Review of 39 studies, meta-analysis of 13
• All students lose skills in math (2.6 m)
• Low income students lose skills in reading, while middle income gain (lose 1.5 m compared to gain of 2.3 m)
![Page 9: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Learning Season:Summer vs. school year differences
Adapted from Downey, 2004
Non-school environ-ment
School environ-ment
![Page 10: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Learning Season:Brain Development
• All domains linked
• Summer learning = integrated learning
• Neural connections made through “hands-on experience”
• Brain needs time to reflect and “soak in” new information
• Background knowledge is key to learning
![Page 11: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Income Gap in Summer Program Participation
Participation in Summer Activities (Condition of Education, 1998)
0
20
40
60
Low Income Middle Income High Income
Perc
ent
![Page 12: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
CRITICAL HOURS• Summer reading interventions
• Summer school, extended school year
• Summer camp
• Hybrid academic enrichment-youth
development programs
![Page 13: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Research on “Hybrid” Summer Programs
Teach Baltimore• Serves over 2,000 youth using trained college
students in 7 week program
• Combines literacy with wide enrichment focus
• Random assignment of children on waiting list to summer program or “control” group
• Strong effects on test scores for children who attended for 3 years
![Page 14: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Research on “Hybrid” Summer Programs
BELL Summer Program
• Random assignment study
• Children who attended BELL summer program
gained additional 1 month of reading skills
(instead of losing 3)
• Parents encouraged children to read more
![Page 15: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Learning Season:Recommendations
• Increase ACCESS and EFFECTIVENESS
• Rethink educational ACCOUNTABILITY
• RESEARCH the best ways to solve the “opportunity
gap”
![Page 16: Nellie Mae Education Foundation Beth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRA June 20, 2007](https://reader034.fdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042901/56814a8e550346895db79e83/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Learning Season: The Untapped Power of Summer to Advance Student Achievement
Nellie Mae Education FoundationBeth M. Miller, Ph.D., MMRAJune 20, 2007