Need for SpeedyJustice

8/13/2019 Need for SpeedyJustice

1/26

GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

LAW COMMISSION OF INDIA

Need for Speedy Justice Soe Su!!estio"s

Report No. 221

Apri# $%%&

LAW COMMISSION OF INDIA'RE(ORT NO) $$*+


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For,-rded to t.e /"io" Mi"ister for L-, -"dJustice0 Mi"istry of L-, -"d Justice0 Go1er"e"t ofI"di- 2y Dr) Justice AR) L-3s.-"-"0 C.-ir-"0L-, Coissio" of I"di-0 o" t.e 4%t. d-y ofApri#0 $%%&)

T.e *5t. L-, Coissio" ,-s co"stituted for -period of t.ree ye-rs fro *stSepte2er0 $%%6 2yOrder No) A)78%*$9*9$%%6:Ad")III 'LA+ d-ted t.e

*6t.

Octo2er0 $%%60 issued 2y t.e Go1er"e"t ofI"di-0 Mi"istry of L-, -"d Justice0 Dep-rte"t ofLe!-# Aff-irs0 Ne, De#.i)

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T.e L-, Coissio" co"sists of t.e C.-ir-"0 t.eMe2er:Secret-ry0 o"e fu##:tie Me2er -"d se1e"p-rt:tie Me2ers)

C.-ir-"

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Me2er:Secret-ry

Dr. Brahm A. Agrawal

Rese-rc. St-ff

S.ri Sus.i# >u-r @ Joi"t Secret-ry L-,Officer

Ms) (-,-" S.-r- @ Additio"-# L-, Officer hri J. !. "la#a$ Rao % A&&itio$al Law 'ffier

S.ri A) >) /p-d.y-y @ Deputy L-, Officer Dr) V) >) Si"!. @ Assist-"t Le!-#Ad1iser

Dr) R) S) S.ri"et @ Superi"te"de"t 'Le!-#+

Adi"istr-ti1e St-ff

S.ri Sus.i# >u-r @ Joi"t Secret-ry L-,Officer

S.ri D) C.oud.ury @ /"der Secret-ryS.ri S) >) =-su @ Sectio" Officer St) R-?"i S.-r- @ Assist-"t Li2r-ry

I"for-tio" Officer

T.e teBt of t.is Report is -1-i#-2#e o" t.e I"ter"et-t@

.ttp@99,,,)#-,coissio"ofi"di-)"ic)i"

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Go1er"e"t of I"di-L-, Coissio" of I"di-

T.e teBt i" t.is docue"t 'eBc#udi"! t.eGo1er"e"t Lo!o+ -y 2e reproduced free ofc.-r!e i" -"y for-t or ediu pro1ided t.-t it isreproduced -ccur-te#y -"d "ot used i" - is#e-di"!

co"teBt) T.e -teri-# ust 2e -c3"o,#ed!ed -sGo1er"e"t copyri!.t -"d t.e tit#e of t.e docue"tspecified)

A"y e"uiries re#-ti"! to t.is Report s.ou#d 2e-ddressed to t.e Me2er:Secret-ry -"d se"t eit.er2y post to t.e L-, Coissio" of I"di-0 $"dF#oor0ILI =ui#di"!0 =.-!,-" D-s Ro-d0 Ne, De#.i:**%%%*0I"di- or 2y e-i# to #ci:d#-"ic)i"

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Dr. J"stie AR. Lakshma$a$

(Former Judge, Supreme Court ofIndia),Chairman, Law Commission of India

ILI Building (IIndFloor)Bhagwandas Road,

New Delhi 110 001Tel. 91-11-23384475Fax. 91-11 23383564

D.O. No. 6(3)1492!!8-L" (L#) 3!$%&'ril 2!!9Dar Dr. B%ard*a+ ,i

#u+$/ Nd 0or #'d ,u$i #o#ugg$ion

I a 0or*arding %r*i$% $% 221$ 'or$ o0 $% La*"oiion o0 India on $% ao u+$.

oun$ing o0 arrar o0 a in our$ 'ar$iularl in 7ig%"our$ and Di$ri$ "our$ %a n a au o0 gra$ onrn 0orli$igan$ a *ll a 0or $% #$a$. I$ i a 0undan$al rig%$ o0 ri$in $o g$ 'd +u$i and 'd $rial *%i% alo i $%0undan$al ruirn$ o0 good +udiial adini$ra$ion. In $%i'or$ * %a ad 0* 'ro'oal *%i% *%n gin 00$ $o *ill

%l'0ul no$ onl in 'roiding 'd +u$i u$ alo in on$rolling0riolou xa$iou and luxuriou li$iga$ion.

:% La* "oiion $oo; u' $% $ud suo motu andrond $% 0ollo*ing andn$/

1. &ndn$ o0 $ion 8! and Ordr < o0 "=" andalo $% onrnd "our$> ul - In ordr $o%or$n dla i$ i nar $%a$ 'roiion'aralll $o $ion 8! "=" in$rodud 0or all

;ind o0 iil ui$ and a 'ro'od $o 0ild a li$igan$.

2. &ndn$ o0 $ion 3?8 39? and 4!1 "r=" -

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(i) In o'lain$ a alo a''al again$ anordr o0 aui$$al 'ad a agi$ra$ $o $%#ion "our$ 'roidd o0 our u+$ $o$% gran$ o0 'ial la i$.(ii) @%r $% Di$ri$ agi$ra$ or $% #$a$do no$ dir$ $% =uli =rou$or $o 'r0ra''al again$ an ordr o0 aui$$al $% aggrid'ron or $% in0oran$ %ould %a $% rig%$ $o'r0r a''al $%oug% *i$% $% la o0 $%

&''lla$ "our$.

(iii) :%r %ould onl on 0oru 0or 0ilingriion again$ ordr 'ad agi$ra$$%a$ i $% #ion "our$ in$ad o0 $*o

al$rna$i 0oru a no* 'roidd.

(i) :% Lgila$ur %ould 'i0iall a$goririal ordr in$ad o0 laing $% a$$r $oon0uion aud ariou in$r'r$a$ion o0 $%x'rion Ain$rlou$or ordr.

3. &ndn$ o0 :ran0r o0 =ro'r$ &$ 1882 I$

%ould ad anda$or $%a$ $% onidra$ion0or r al %all 'aid $%roug% Ban; Dra0$.

@i$% *ar rgard

Cour inrl

(Dr &.

La;%anan)

Dr. 7. . B%ard*a+nion ini$r 0or La* and ,u$iEornn$ o0 India#%a$ri B%a*an

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N* Dl%i 11! !!1

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!ABL '* +'N!N!

Page No.

I. IN:OD":ION 9

II. =O


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,. ,N!R'D-+!,'N

1.1 oun$ing o0 arrar o0 a in our$ 'ar$iularl in 7ig%

"our$ and Di$ri$ "our$ %a n a au o0 gra$ onrn 0orli$igan$ a *ll a 0or $% #$a$. I$ i a 0undan$al rig%$ o0 r

i$in $o g$ 'd +u$i and 'd $rial *%i% alo i $%

0undan$al ruirn$ o0 good +udiial adini$ra$ion. In $%i

'or$ * %a ad 0* 'ro'oal *%i% *%n gin 00$ $o *ill

%l'0ul no$ onl in 'roiding 'd +u$i u$ alo in on$rolling

0riolou xa$iou and luxuriou li$iga$ion.

1.2 In $% our$ arrar ar oun$ing la' and ound and

$%r i no r'i$ in ig%$. :%i i 'ar$iularl au in$i$u$ion o0

a i u% or $%an $%ir di'oal a$ all $% ll o0 +udiial

adini$ra$ion. :% 0undan$al ruirn$ o0 good +udiial

adini$ra$ion i 'd +u$i. Gui$ o0$n 0riolou xa$iou and

luxuriou li$iga$ion alo o u' and add $o $% oun$ing arrar.

#u% $' o0 li$iga$ion %a $o on$rolld ra$%r $o''d. 00or$

%ould ad $o did a 'ar$iularl illanou a$$r

(xluding $% a$$r *%i% ruir idn o0 *i$n) a$ $%

adiion $ag a0$r a00ording o''or$uni$ $o $% onrnd 'ar$i.

1.3 :% 'rn$ 'or$ i in $% on$inuu o0 $% La*

"oiion> ariou arlir r'or$ ronding lgal %ang

0or 'd +u$i.

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II) (ROVISIONS CONSIDERED

(a) Code of Ci1i# (rocedure *&%5 Sectio" 5% -"d Order V

2.1 In order to shorten delay in disposal of cases it is necessary that

pro!isions parallel to section 80 "P" #e introd$ced for all %inds of ci!il

s$its and cases proposed to #e filed #y a litigant.

2.2 &he '$pre(e "o$rt has held inBihari Chowdhary v. State of Bihar1

that the o#)ect $nderlying section 80 "P" is to ens$re that #efore a s$it is

instit$ted against the *o!ern(ent or a p$#lic officer the *o!ern(ent or the

officer concerned is afforded an opport$nity to scr$tinise the clai( in

respect of +hich the s$it is proposed to #e filed and if it #e fo$nd to #e a

)$st clai( to ta%e i((ediate action and there#y a!oid $nnecessary litigation

and sa!e p$#lic ti(e and (oney #y settling the clai( +itho$t dri!ing theperson +ho has iss$ed the notice to instit$te the s$it in!ol!ing

considera#le e,pendit$re and delay. &he rele!ant passages are e,tracted

#elo+-

3. /e are concerned in this case +ith 'ection 80 "P" as it stoodprior to its a(end(ent #y ct 104 of 1976 e!en $nder the a(ended

pro!ision the position re(ains $naltered insofar as a s$it of thisnat$re is concerned.

1 1984 2 '"" 627

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&he effect of the section is clearly to i(pose a #ar against theinstit$tion of a s$it against the *o!ern(ent or a p$#lic officer inrespect of any act p$rported to #e done #y hi( in his official capacity$ntil the e,piration of t+o (onths after notice in +riting has #eendeli!ered to or left at the office of the 'ecretary to *o!ern(ent or"ollector of the concerned district and in the case of a p$#lic officerdeli!ered to hi( or left at his office stating the partic$lars

en$(erated in the last part of s$#section 1 of the section. /hen +ee,a(ine the sche(e of the section it #eco(es o#!io$s that the sectionhas #een enacted as a (eas$re of p$#lic policy +ith the o#)ect ofens$ring that #efore a s$it is instit$ted against the *o!ern(ent or a

p$#lic officer the *o!ern(ent or the officer concerned is afforded anopport$nity to scr$tinise the clai( in respect of +hich the s$it is

proposed to #e filed and if it #e fo$nd to #e a )$st clai( to ta%e

i((ediate action and there#y a!oid $nnecessary litigation and sa!ep$#lic ti(e and (oney #y settling the clai( +itho$t dri!ing theperson +ho has iss$ed the notice to instit$te the s$it in!ol!ing

considera#le e,pendit$re and delay. &he *o!ern(ent $nli%e pri!ateparties is e,pected to consider the (atter co!ered #y the notice in a(ost o#)ecti!e (anner after o#taining s$ch legal ad!ice as they (aythin% fit and ta%e a decision in p$#lic interest +ithin the period oft+o (onths allo+ed #y the section as to +hether the clai( is )$st andreasona#le and the conte(plated s$it sho$ld therefore #e a!oided #yspeedy negotiations and settle(ent or +hether the clai( sho$ld #e

resisted #y fighting o$t the s$it if and +hen it is instit$ted. &here isclearly a p$#lic p$rpose $nderlying the (andatory pro!isioncontained in the section insisting on the iss$ance of a notice setting

o$t the partic$lars of the proposed s$it and gi!ing t+o (onths ti(eto *o!ern(ent or a p$#lic officer #efore a s$it can #e instit$tedagainst the(. &he o#)ect of the section is the ad!ance(ent of )$sticeand the sec$ring of p$#lic good #y a!oidance of $nnecessarylitigation.

2.3 :% xi$ing 'roiion o0 $ion 8! "=" ar ulld ou$ lo*/

ANo$i.- (1) #a a o$%r*i 'roidd in u-$ion (2) noui$ %all in$i$u$d again$ $% Eornn$ (inluding $%Eornn$ o0 $% #$a$ o0 ,au and Ha%ir) or again$ a'uli o00ir in r'$ o0 an a$ 'ur'or$ing $o don u% 'uli o00ir in %i o00iial a'ai$ un$il $% x'ira$ion o0

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$*o on$% nx$ a0$r no$i in *ri$ing %a n dlird $o orl0$ a$ $% o00i o0-

(a) in $% a o0 a ui$ again$ $% "n$ral Eornn$x'$ *%r i$ rla$ $o a rail*a a #r$ar $o $%a$

Eornn$

() in $% a o0 a ui$ again$ $% "n$ral Eornn$*%r i$ rla$ $o rail*a $% Enral anagr o0 $%a$rail*a

() in $% a o0 a ui$ again$ $% Eornn$ o0 $%#$a$ o0 ,au and Ha%ir $% "%i0 #r$ar $o $%a$Eornn$ or an o$%r o00ir au$%orid $%a$Eornn$ in $%i %al0

() in $% a o0 ui$ again$ an o$%r #$a$ Eornn$ a#r$ar $o $%a$ Eornn$ or $% "oll$or o0 $% di$ri$

and in $% a o0 a 'uli o00ir dlird $o %i or l0$ a$ %io00i $a$ing $% au o0 a$ion $% na dri'$ion and'la o0 ridn o0 $% 'lain$i00 and $% rli0 *%i% % lai

and $% 'lain$ %all on$ain a $a$n$ $%a$ u% no$i %an o dlird or l0$.

(2) & ui$ $o o$ain an urgn$ or idia$ rli0 again$ $%Eornn$ (inluding $% Eornn$ o0 $% #$a$ o0 ,auand Ha%ir) or an 'uli o00ir in r'$ o0 an a$'ur'or$ing $o don u% 'uli o00ir in %i o00iiala'ai$ a in$i$u$d *i$% $% la o0 $% "our$ *i$%ou$ring an no$i a ruird u-$ion (1) u$ $% "our$

%all no$ gran$ rli0 in $% ui$ *%$%r in$ri or o$%r*ix'$ a0$r giing $o $% Eornn$ or 'uli o00ir a $%a a a raonal o''or$uni$ o0 %o*ing au inr'$ o0 $% rli0 'rad 0or in $% ui$/

=roidd $%a$ $% "our$ %all i0 i$ i a$i0id a0$r%aring $% 'ar$i $%a$ no urgn$ or idia$ rli0 nd

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gran$d in $% ui$ r$urn $% 'lain$ 0or 'rn$a$ion $o i$ a0$ro'ling *i$% $% ruirn$ o0 u-$ion (1).

(3) No ui$ in$i$u$d again$ $% Eornn$ or again$ a

'uli o00ir in r'$ o0 an a$ 'ur'or$ing $o don u% 'uli o00ir in %i o00iial a'ai$ %all diidrl raon o0 an rror or d0$ in $% no$i r0rrd $oin u-$ion (1) i0 in u% no$i -

(a) $% na dri'$ion and $% ridn o0 $% 'lain$i00%ad n o gin a $o nal $% a''ro'ria$ au$%ori$ or$% 'uli o00ir $o idn$i0 $% 'ron ring $% no$iand u% no$i %a n dlird or l0$ a$ $% o00i o0 $%

a''ro'ria$ au$%ori$ in u-$ion (1) and

() $% au o0 a$ion and $% rli0 laid $% 'lain$i00%ad n u$an$iall india$d.

2.4 :% xi$ing 'roiion o0 ul 1 $o 8 o0 Ordr


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'i0id $% "our$ 0or raon $o rordd in *ri$ing u$*%i% %all no$ la$r $%an nin$ da 0ro $% da$ o0ri o0 uon.

(2) & d0ndan$ $o *%o a uon %a n iudundr u-rul (1) a a''ar -

(a) in 'ron or

() a 'ladr dul in$ru$d and al $o an*r alla$rial u$ion rla$ing $o $% ui$ or

() a 'ladr ao'anid o 'ron al $oan*r all u% u$ion.

(3) r u% uon %all ignd $% ,udg oru% o00ir a % a''oin$ and %all ald *i$% $% al o0$% "our$.

$. "o' o0 'lain$ annxd $o uon.- r uon %all ao'anid a o' o0 $% 'lain$.

4. "our$ a ordr d0ndan$ or 'lain$i00 $o a''ar in 'ron.-(1) @%r $% "our$ raon $o ruir $% 'ronala''aran o0 $% d0ndan$ $% uon %all ordr %i $oa''ar in 'ron in "our$ on $% da $%rin 'i0id.

(2) @%r $% "our$ raon $o ruir $% 'ronala''aran o0 $% 'lain$i00 on $% a da i$ %all a; anordr 0or u% a''aran.

7) No 'ar$ $o ordrd $o a''ar in 'ron unl ridn$*i$%in r$ain lii$.- No 'ar$ %all ordrd $o a''ar in'ron unl % rid -

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(a) *i$%in $% loal lii$ o0 $% "our$J ordinar original+uridi$ion or

() *i$%ou$ u% lii$ u$ a$ 'la l $%an 0i0$ or

(*%r $%r i rail*a or $ar ounia$ion oro$%r $ali%d 'uli onan 0or 0i-ix$% o0 $%di$an $*n $% 'la *%r % rid and $%'la *%r $% "our$ i i$ua$) l $%an $*o %undrdil di$an 0ro $% our$-%ou.

8) #uon $o i$%r $o $$l iu or 0or 0inal di'oal.-:% "our$ %all d$rin a$ $% $i o0 iuing $% uon*%$%r i$ %all 0or $% $$ln$ o0 iu onl or 0or $%

0inal di'oal o0 $% ui$ and $% uon %all on$ain adir$ion aordingl/

=roidd $%a$ in r ui$ %ard a "our$ o0 #all"au $% uon %all 0or $% 0inal di'oal o0 $% ui$.

6) Fixing da 0or a''aran o0 d0ndan$.- :% da undr u-rul (1) o0 rul 1 %all 0ixd *i$% r0rn $o $% urrn$uin o0 $% "our$ $% 'la o0 ridn o0 d0ndan$ and

$% $i nar 0or $% ri o0 $% uon and $% da%all o 0ixd a $o allo* $% d0ndan$ u00iin$ $i $onal %i $o a''ar and an*r on u% da.

) #uon $o ordr d0ndan$ $o 'rodu doun$ rlidon %i.- :% uon $o a''ar and an*r %all ordr $%d0ndan$ $o 'rodu all doun$ or o'i $%ro0 'i0idin rul 1& o0 Ordr


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2.5 &$ 'rn$ a li$igan$ 'ro'oing $o u $% #$a$ or a 'uli

o00ir %a $o gi $*o on$%> no$i in *ri$ing and in a o0

rgn an 0il $% a *i$% $% 'riion o0 $% "our$. &iilar 'roiion an in$rodud 0or all $% o$%r a$$r. @%n a

'ron %a $o 0il a iil a % an ruird $o gi $*o on$%>

no$i $o $% a00$d 'ar$. B0or % 'rn$ %i a in $%

"our$ % u$ r a o' o0 $% 'lain$ on $% a00$d 'ar$

$%roug% rgi$rd 'o$ or rognid ourir ri and %ould 0il

a00idai$ along *i$% %i 'lain$ $a$ing $% 0a$ o0 ri o0 no$i along

*i$% a o' o0 $% 'lain$.

2.6 #iilarl *%n a li$igan$ 0il an *ri$ '$i$ion in a 7ig% "our$ or

$% #u'r "our$ % %ould ruird $o gi a$ la$ 0our *;>

no$i and alo $o r a o' o0 $% '$i$ion $%roug% rgi$rd 'o$

or rognid ourir ri on $% o''oi$ 'ar$. In u% a

*%n $% no$i and a o' o0 $% '$i$ion i rd % %all no$ ruird $o $a; 0r% $' again $%roug% "our$ x'$ 0or $%

in0ora$ion o0 da$ o0 %aring $%a$ a 0ixd $% "our$. I0 $%i

i don $% "our$ *ill g$ $% oaion $o %ar all $% 'ar$i and *ill

al $o did $% a a$ $% adiion $ag i$l0 x'$ *%r

$% "our$ dir$ $% 'ar$i $o lad idn. oror $%

'rn o0 o$% $% 'ar$i *ill liina$ 0riolou li$iga$ion.

2.? 7o*r i0 an a$$r i urgn$ and no$i *ill 0ru$ra$ $%

'ur'o $% "our$ an di'n *i$% $% no$i and %ar $% 'lain$i00

or '$i$ionr giing raon 0or urgn. I0 $% urgn i no$ 0ound

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$% 'lain$'$i$ion an r$urnd 0or 0iling i0 nar a0$r giing

no$i and ring a o' o0 $% 'lain$'$i$ion. :%i *ill ni$a$

andn$ o0 $ion 8! and Ordr < o0 $% "iil =rodur "od

and alo $% onrnd "our$> ul. :%i a alo nourag'r-li$iga$ion dia$ion and $$ln$ o0 di'u$.

'2+ Code of Crii"-# (rocedure *&4 Sectio"s 450 4& -"d7%*

2.8 #u-$ion (4) and (5) o0 $ion 3?8 "r=" *%i% 'roid

0or a''al in a o0 aui$$al a i$ $and $oda rad $%u/

A(4) I0 u% an ordr o0 aui$$al i 'ad in an ain$i$u$d u'on o'lain$ and $% 7ig% "our$ on an a''lia$ionad $o i$ $% o'lainan$ in $%i %al0 gran$ 'ialla $o a''al 0ro $% ordr o0 aui$$al $% o'lainan$a 'rn$ u% an a''al $o $% 7ig% "our$.

(5) No a''lia$ion undr u-$ion (4) 0or $% gran$ o0 'ialla $o a''al 0ro an ordr o0 aui$$al %all n$r$aind $% 7ig% "our$ a0$r $% x'ir o0 ix on$% *%r $%o'lainan$ i a 'uli ran$ and ix$ da in r o$%ra o'u$d 0ro $% da$ o0 $%a$ ordr o0 aui$$al.

2.9 &ll a''al again$ ordr o0 aui$$al 'ad agi$ra$

*r ing 0ild in 7ig% "our$ 'rior $o andn$ o0 $ion 3?8

&$ 25 o0 2!!5. No* *i$% 00$ 0ro 23.!6.2!!6 a''al again$

ordr o0 aui$$al 'ad agi$ra$ in r'$ o0 ognial

and non-ailal o00n in a 0ild on 'oli r'or$ ar ing

0ild in $% #ion "our$ vide lau (a) o0 u-$ion (1) o0 $%

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aid $ion. Bu$ a''al again$ ordr o0 aui$$al 'ad in an

a in$i$u$d u'on o'lain$ on$inu $o 0ild in $% 7ig%

"our$ i0 'ial la i gran$d i$ on an a''lia$ion ad $o i$

$% o'lainan$ vide u-$ion (4) o0 $% aid $ion.

2.1! #$ion 3?8 nd %ang *i$% a i* $o nal 0iling o0

a''al in o'lain$ a alo in $% #ion "our$ o0 our

u+$ $o $% gran$ o0 'ial la i$.

2.11 Fur$%r a$ 'rn$ again$ ordr o0 aui$$al 'ad

agi$ra$ (*%r $% o00n i ognial and non-ailal) or

#ion "our$ a''al in a 0ild on 'oli r'or$ an 0ild

onl a$ $% in$an o0 $% Di$ri$ agi$ra$ or $% #$a$

Eornn$ a $% a a vide u-$ion (1) o0 $ion

3?8. In u% a$$r $% aggrid 'ron or $% in0oran$ anno$

%il0 0il an a''al. 7o*r % an 'r0r a riion. I0 $%

riional "our$ 0ind $%a$ $% aud %a n *rongl aui$$d i$anno$ oni$ %i in i* o0 u-$ion (3) o0 $ion 4!1 u$ i$

%a $o rand $% a. I$ i a uro 'ro and inol

*a$ag o0 on and $i. :%i 'roiion alo nd a %ang and

in u% a$$r alo *%r $% Di$ri$ agi$ra$ or $% #$a$ do

no$ dir$ $% =uli =rou$or $o 'r0r a''al again$ an ordr o0

aui$$al $% aggrid 'ron or $% in0oran$ %ould %a $% rig%$

$o 'r0r a''al $%oug% *i$% $% la o0 $% &''lla$ "our$. :%i

*ill alo gi an o''or$uni$ $o $% aggrid 'ron $o %allng $%

0inding o0 0a$ rordd lo*r our$. &lo $%i *ill in$rodu or

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$ran'arn and aoun$aili$ in $% lo*r +udiiar a a$ 'rn$

$% 'rn$ag o0 aui$$al i ui$ %ig%.

2.12 #$ion 39? "r=" 'roid 0or alling 0or rord $o xri

'o*r o0 riion and rad a undr/

A(1) :% 7ig% "our$ or an #ion ,udg a all 0or andxain $% rord o0 an 'roding 0or an in0rior"riinal "our$ i$ua$ *i$%in i$ or %i loal +uridi$ion 0or $%'ur'o o0 a$i0ing i$l0 or %il0 a $o $% orr$nlgali$ or 'ro'ri$ o0 an 0inding n$n or ordr rorddor 'ad and a $o $% rgulari$ o0 an 'roding o0 u%in0rior "our$ and a *%n alling 0or u% rord dir$ $%a$$% xu$ion o0 an n$n or ordr u'ndd and i0$% aud i in on0inn$ $%a$ % rlad on ail or on%i o*n ond 'nding $% xaina$ion o0 $% rord.

E!lanation.- &ll agi$ra$ *%$%r xu$i or ,udiialand *%$%r xriing original or a''lla$ +uridi$ion %all dd $o in0rior $o $% #ion ,udg 0or $%'ur'o o0 $%i u-$ion and o0 $ion 398.

(2) :% 'o*r o0 riion on0rrd u-$ion (1) %allno$ xrid in rla$ion $o an in$rlou$or ordr 'ad inan a''al inuir $rial or o$%r 'roding.

(3) I0 an a''lia$ion undr $%i $ion %a n ad an'ron i$%r $o $% 7ig% "our$ or $o $% #ion ,udg no0ur$%r a''lia$ion $% a 'ron %all n$r$aind $% o$%r o0 $%.

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2.13 #$ion 4!1 "r=" laing do*n 7ig% "our$> 'o*r o0riion a i$ $and $oda rad $%u/

A7ig% "our$J 'o*r o0 riion.- (1) In $% a o0 an'roding $% rord o0 *%i% %a n alld 0or i$l0 or*%i% o$%r*i o $o i$ ;no*ldg $% 7ig% "our$ ain i$ dir$ion xri an o0 $% 'o*r on0rrd on a"our$ o0 &''al $ion 386 389 39! and 391 or on a"our$ o0 #ion $ion 3!? and *%n $% ,udgo'oing $% "our$ o0 riion ar uall diidd in o'inion$% a %all di'od o0 in $% annr 'roidd $ion 392.

(2) No ordr undr $%i $ion %all ad $o $% 'r+udio0 $% aud or o$%r 'ron unl % %a %ad ano''or$uni$ o0 ing %ard i$%r 'ronall or 'ladr in %io*n d0n.

(3) No$%ing in $%i $ion %all dd $o au$%ori a 7ig%"our$ $o onr$ a 0inding o0 aui$$al in$o on o0 oni$ion.

(4) @%r undr $%i "od an a''al li and no a''al iroug%$ no 'roding *a o0 riion %all n$r$aind

a$ $% in$an o0 $% 'ar$ *%o ould %a a''ald.

(5) @%r undr $%i "od an a''al li u$ an a''lia$ion 0orriion %a n ad $o $% 7ig% "our$ an 'ron and$% 7ig% "our$ i a$i0id $%a$ u% a''lia$ion *a adundr $% rronou li0 $%a$ no a''al li $%r$o and $%a$i$ i nar in $% in$r$ o0 +u$i o $o do $% 7ig%"our$ a $ra$ $% a''lia$ion 0or riion a a '$i$ion o0a''al and dal *i$% $% a aordingl.

2.14 &$ 'rn$ a rial ordr 'ad a agi$ra$ an

%allngd i$%r in $% #ion "our$ or $% 7ig% "our$. :%i

'roiion i o0$n iud. I0 $%r ar ral aud 'ron in a

a and an adr ordr i 'ad o o $o #ion "our$

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and o$%r $o 7ig% "our$ and $r $%ir lu;. :%r a oaion

*%n on 'ar$ a 0il riion in #ion "our$ and $% o''oi$

'ar$ in 7ig% "our$ again$ $% a ordr. #u% $' o0 0oru-

%un$ing %ould idia$l $o''d. :%r %ould onl on0oru 0or riion $%a$ i $% #ion "our$ again$ ordr 'ad

agi$ra$. @%n $%r i onl on 0oru 0or riion again$

ordr 'ad $% #ion "our$ $%r i no ni$ 0or

%aing $*o al$rna$i 0oru 0or %allnging an ordr 'ad a

agi$ra$. :%i *ill no$ onl l $i-onuing u$ *ill alo

l x'ni 0or $% li$igan$ and 'ndn in 7ig% "our$ *ill

alo rdud. &ll u% 'nding riion in $% 7ig% "our$ an

alo $ran0rrd $o $% #ion "our$.

2.15 & no$d ao u-$ion (2) o0 $ion 39? "r =" 'roid

$%a$ no riion %all ain$ainal again$ an in$rlou$or ordr

'ad in an a''al inuir $rial or o$%r 'roding. :% "od o0

"riinal =rodur do no$ d0in $% x'rion Ain$rlou$orordr. :%oug% $% aid x'rion %a n +udiiall in$r'r$d2

u$ $%i %a ra$d on0uion and li$igan$ %a $o u00r 0or i$.

No* $%r i a nd 0or 'i0i a$goria$ion o0 rial ordr

$% Lgila$ur and i$ %ould india$ $% li$ in $% "riinal

=rodur "od i$l0. :%i *ill rdu unnar li$iga$ion. :%

riduar a$$r i0 an an l0$ $o $% +udiial dir$ion o0 $%

onrnd our$.

'c+ Tr-"sfer of (roperty Act *55$2'ee for e,a(ple S. Kuppuswami Rao v. The Kin I 1949 " 1!mar Nath v. State of "aryana1977 4 '"" 137 #adhu $imaye v. State of #aharashtra :1978; 1 '" 749


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2.16 @%n a 'ron 'ur%a ioal 'ro'r$ $% al dd

i ruird $o rgi$rd. Norall $% ndor and $% nd

%o* a% $rana$ion 0or al onidra$ion and an ndorn$ ialo ad $% gi$rar#u-gi$rar $o $%a$ 00$. Bu$ *%n a

'ron %a $o 'la a 0oul ga $% a+or 'or$ion o0 $% al

onidra$ion i %o*n $o %a n 'aid ou$id and no$ 0or $%

gi$rar#u-gi$rar and i$ gi ri $o unnar li$iga$ion

o$% riinal and iil.3 @i$% $% a$ n$*or; o0 Ban; and $%

gro*ing a*arn aong$ $% oon 'o'l a $i %a o

$o a; i$ anda$or $%a$ $% onidra$ion 0or r al %all

'aid $%roug% Ban; Dra0$. :%i *ill %; 0riolou $rana$ion a

*ll a unnar li$iga$ion.

3

'ee for e,a(pleKaliaperumal v. Ra)aopal 2009 4 '"=> 60!%ula #adhava Rao v. '. Ru%miniBai 1995 3 =& 61 C. !,dul Shu%oor Sahe, v. !r)i 'apa Rao I 1963 '" 1150

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III) RECOMMENDATIONS

3.1 @ ar ur $%a$ i0 andn$ on $% ao-aid lin ar

arrid ou$ no$ onl li$igan$ *ill g$ 'd and l x'ni

+u$i u$ $% 'ndn o0 $% a *ill rdud and 0riolou

li$iga$ion *ill %;d.

3.2 @ 0l $%a$ $%r i nd 0or 0ollo*ing andn$/

1. &ndn$ o0 $ion 8! and Ordr < o0 "=" and

alo $% onrnd "our$> ul - In ordr $o

%or$n dla i$ i nar $%a$ 'roiion

'aralll $o $ion 8! "=" in$rodud 0or all

;ind o0 iil ui$ and a 'ro'od $o 0ild

a li$igan$.

2. &ndn$ o0 $ion 3?8 39? and 4!1 "r=" -

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(i) In o'lain$ a alo a''al again$ an

ordr o0 aui$$al 'ad a agi$ra$ $o $%

#ion "our$ 'roidd o0 our u+$ $o

$% gran$ o0 'ial la i$.(ii) @%r $% Di$ri$ agi$ra$ or $% #$a$

do no$ dir$ $% =uli =rou$or $o 'r0r

a''al again$ an ordr o0 aui$$al $% aggrid

'ron or $% in0oran$ %ould %a $% rig%$ $o

'r0r a''al $%oug% *i$% $% la o0 $%

&''lla$ "our$.

(iii) :%r %ould onl on 0oru 0or 0iling

riion again$ ordr 'ad agi$ra$

$%a$ i $% #ion "our$ in$ad o0 $*o

al$rna$i 0oru a no* 'roidd.

(i):% Lgila$ur %ould 'i0iall a$gori

rial ordr in$ad o0 laing $% a$$r $o

on0uion aud ariou in$r'r$a$ion o0 $%x'rion Ain$rlou$or ordr.

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3. &ndn$ o0 :ran0r o0 =ro'r$ &$ 1882 I$

%ould ad anda$or $%a$ $% onidra$ion 0orr al %all 'aid $%roug% Ban; Dra0$.

3.3 @ rond aordingl.

(Dr ,u$i &. La;%anan)

"%airan

(=ro0. Dr :a%ir a%ood) (Dr Bra% &.&gra*al)

?e(#er ?e(#er'ecretary

Need for SpeedyJustice

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