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IAEAInternational Atomic Energy Agency
Necessity of recommendations and guidelines in
gamma spectrometry: role of the IAEA and outcomes of the activities in this field
Alessia Ceccatelli, Chang-Kyu Kim
Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, IAEA Environment LaboratoriesSeibersdorf, Austria
ICRMGSWG workshop
Coincidence summing comparison on volume sourcesENEA, CR Casaccia, Rome (Italy)
18-19 October 2010
IAEA
Background
These procedures are usually publishedas IAEA Technical Reports:
� No. 295 (IAEA, 1989).� Generic procedures for monitoring in a
nuclear of radiological emergency (IAEA-TECDOC-1092, 1999)
� Quantifying uncertainty in nuclear analytical measurement (IAEA-TECDOC 1401, 2004)
The IAEA receives demands for the provision of analytical
procedures
� Reliable source of procedure
� Readily-available reference
� Widely-accepted method
IAEA
Objectives
Since 2005 the IAEA
Programme has included
activities on the development of
a set of procedures to:
• Upgrade IAEA technical report
• Provide MS with validated
analytical procedures
IAEA
How to Approach up to now
1. Review relevant papers
2. Select 1-2 candidate procedures
3. Validate candidate procedures (trueness, repeatability,
reproducibility, linearity, detection limit, chemical
recovery, ISO5725, ISO11927-7)
4. Prepare a draft of procedure
5. Review the selected procedure in a consultant meeting
6. Review it in the IAEA publication committee
7. Publish it as IAEA procedure
IAEA
Requirements on Analytical ProceduresRequirements on Analytical ProceduresRequirements on Analytical ProceduresRequirements on Analytical Procedures
of Radionuclidesof Radionuclidesof Radionuclidesof Radionuclides
Reliability Reliability Reliability Reliability Analysis time Analysis time Analysis time Analysis time CostCostCostCost
� � �• Accuracy• Precision
Rapid Cheap
Key points considered
IAEA
Inputs for developing procedures
• Results of IAEA Proficiency Tests (WWPT)
• Outputs of activities in the frame of the ALMERA
network (PTs, interlaboratory comparison exercises,
workshops, training courses, coordination
meetings)
• Outputs of activities in the frame of IAEA
Coordinated Research Projects (CRPs)(Benchmarking Calibration for Low-Level Gamma Spectrometric
Measurements of Environmental Samples)
IAEA
The ALMERA Network
ALMERAALMERA = Analytical Laboratories for the
Measurement of Environmental Radioactivity
• Founded by the IAEA in 1995
• 119 Laboratories
• 74 Countries
Members of the network are nominated by their respective
IAEA Member States expected to provide reliable
and timely analysis of environmental samples in case of
accidental or intentional release of radioactivity
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Percentage of ALMERA Lab holding equipments
Percentage of Lab. (%)
0 20 40 60 80 100
Equip
ments
Gamma-spec
In-Situ
Alpha-spec
Grid
ZnS
LSC
Gas-pro
MS
IAEA
Gamma spectrometry: results of an IAEA ALMERA PT
CsCs--134134
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ALMERA Technical Visit – 1/2
�Took place at IAEA Seibersdorf Labs from 19th to 23th
July 2010 on “Coincidence summing and geometryCoincidence summing and geometry
correction in gamma spectrometrycorrection in gamma spectrometry””
� First event of this kind (workshop/training course) in
gamma spectrometry:
• 32 participants from 20 Countries, representing 24
different institutions, participated at their own cost !
IAEA
ALMERA Technical Visit – 2/2
�� Following demands:Following demands:
• Easy guidelines for application of correction methods
(procedures, advantages/disadvantages of software or
codes, uncertainty estimation)
• Homogenization of software/codes output format
• PT database with useful information for practical use
• PT results database (huge work !)
• Other workshops/technical visits of the same kind in
gamma spectrometry field
IAEA
ICRM GSWG_FORUM
Many discussions about necessity of Many discussions about necessity of providing easy guidelines (providing easy guidelines (i.e.i.e.
coincidence summing correction, coincidence summing correction, see Mr. Mike Woods concernssee Mr. Mike Woods concerns
2008/03/042008/03/04) ) to common users that often:to common users that often:
• Are not aware of the very large correction
• If aware they do not apply (lack of simple guides)
• Do not need to achieve high levels of accuracy in the correction
• Look to the experts to get recommendations and guidelines
(different correction methods and available software, estimation of
uncertainty using software and uncertainty budget, other issues as
correlations in fitting efficiency curves)
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IAEA Consultant Meeting
Title: “Long-term plan for the development of IAEA recommended
procedures of radionuclides in environmental samples”
• Took place in IAEA Headquarters, Vienna, from 30th August to 3rd
September 2010
• Recommendation: “The Committee recommends that coordinated research
projects (CRP) should be performed in parallel with development of new
IAEA procedures, and that these efforts will require new reference materials
(RM) and proficiency testing”.
• Conclusions: “The Committee concludes that a strong need exists for a
series of guidance manuals also aimed at developing countries needing to
cultivate new experts in radioisotope analysis. The Committee
recommends mechanisms using collaboration between Agency staff and
external experts for developing additional IAEA procedures and for
developing and publishing guidance manuals.
IAEA
Proposal
On the base of all these considerations:On the base of all these considerations:
a a collaboration between IAEA andcollaboration between IAEA and
ICRMGSWGICRMGSWG would be highly desirable towould be highly desirable to
fulfil usersfulfil users’’ requests in practical gammarequests in practical gamma
spectrometryspectrometry
IAEAInternational Atomic Energy Agency
Thank you for your attention