NECA303_05_P

Standard for

Installing Closed-CircuitTelevision (CCTV) Systems

NECA 303-2005A M E R I C A N N A T I O N A L S T A N D A R D

Published byNational Electrical

Contractors Association

Standard for

Installing Closed-CircuitTelevision (CCTV) Systems

NECA 303-2005

An AmericanNational Standard

Published byNational Electrical

Contractors Association

i n

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii

1. Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.1 Products and Applications Included . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.2 Products and Applications Excluded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.3 Regulatory and Other Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

2. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

3. Delivery, Handling, and Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.1 Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43.2 Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43.3 Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

4. Pre-Installation Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54.2 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.3 Compatibility and Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 4.4 Voltage Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54.5 Camera Selection and Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

5. Cabling and Conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 5.2 Video Cable and Conductors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75.3 Control Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85.4 Data Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85.5 Fiber Optic Cabling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85.6 Coasial Connectors, Splices, and Terminations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85.7 Grounding and Bonding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95.8 Conduits and Raceways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

6. Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 6.2 Mounting and Supports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 6.3 Camera Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 6.4 Control Cabinet and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 6.5 Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.6 Power Supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 6.7 Storage Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126.8 Site Cleanup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

7. Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .137.1 Field Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.2 Acceptance Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Table of Contents

7.3 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.4 Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

8. Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158.2 Routine Inspections, Maintenance, and Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .158.3 Abnormal Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Annex A: Reference Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

NECA 303 Standard for Installing Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) Systems

n ii

iii n

National Electrical Installation Standards are intend-ed to improve communication among specifiers, pur-chasers, and suppliers of electrical construction ser-vices. They define a minimum baseline of qualityand workmanship for installing electrical productsand systems. NEIS are intended to be referenced incontract documents for electrical construction pro-jects. The following language is recommended:

Closed-circuit television systems shall beinstalled in accordance with NECA 303-2005,Standard for Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV)Systems (ANSI).

Use of NEIS is voluntary, and the National ElectricalContractors Association assumes no obligation or lia-bility to users of this publication. Existence of astandard shall not preclude any member or non-member of NECA from specifying or using alternateconstruction methods permitted by applicable regu-lations.

This publication is intended to comply with the edi-tion of the National Electrical Code (NEC) in effectat the time of publication. Because they are qualitystandards, NEIS may in some instances go beyondthe minimum requirements of the NEC. It is theresponsibility of users of this publication to complywith state and local electrical codes when installingelectrical products and systems.

Suggestions for revisions and improvements to thisstandard are welcome. They should be addressed to:

NECA Standards & Safety3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 1100

Bethesda, MD 20814(301) 215-4521 Telephone

(301) 215-4500 [email protected]

To purchase National Electrical Installation Standards,contact the NECA Order Desk at (301) 215-4504 tel,(301) 215-4500 fax, or [email protected]. NEIScan also be purchased in .pdf download format fromwww.neca-neis.org/store.

Copyright 2005, National Electrical ContractorsAssociation. All rights reserved. Unauthorizedreproduction prohibited.

National Electrical Installation Standards, NEIS, and theNEIS logo are trademarks of the National ElectricalContractors Association. National Electrical Code andNEC are trademarks of the National Fire ProtectionAssociation, Quincy, Massachusetts.

Cover photo courtesy of Alternative Security Systems

Foreword(This foreword is not a part of the standard)

1 n

This standard describes installation procedures forclosed-circuit television system equipment installedfor protection of building interiors, building perime-ter, and surrounding property. This publicationapplies to closed-circuit television systems for securi-ty and monitoring activities in nonhazardous loca-tions both indoors and outdoors. It also covers peri-odic routine maintenance procedures for closed-cir-cuit television systems.

1.1 Products and Applications Included

This publication applies to the following:

1. Closed-circuit television camera

2. Monitors, switchers, multiplexers, and recordingdevices

3. Electronic hardware components

4. Conductor and cable installation

1.2 Products and Applications Excluded

This publication does not apply to the following:

1. One and two family dwellings

2. Installation of lighting fixtures or lighting design

3. Branch circuit wiring methods

4. Security of data, software, or computer systems

5. Transmission of video images to remote loca-tions

6. Remote supervising locations that receive signalsfrom premises CCTV systems

7. Alternate or back-up sources of power

1.3 Regulatory and Other Requirements

a) All information in this publication is intended toconform to the National Electrical Code(ANSI/NFPA 70). Installers should always follow theNEC, NESC, applicable state and local codes, manu-facturers instructions, and contract documents wheninstalling building grounding and bonding systems.

b) Only qualified persons familiar with the installa-tion of grounding and bonding systems should per-form the work described in this publication.

c) General requirements for installing electricalproducts and systems are described in NECA 1-2000,Standard Practices for Good Workmanship in ElectricalContracting (ANSI). Other National ElectricalInstallation Standards provide additional guidance forinstalling particular types of electrical products andsystems. A complete list of NEIS is provided inAnnex A.

1. Scope

n 2

Blanking Electrical signal produced at theend of each scanning line.

C-Mount Former industrial standard lensmounting format. C-mountscan be adapted to CS-mountsusing a CSA, or a CS to Cadapter, but CS-mounts cannotbe adapted to C-mounts.

Closed-Circuit Closed-circuit television is a Television (CCTV) system which, unlike normal

television that is available toanyone with a suitable receiver,operates on a closed loop basiswhere pictures and images areonly available to those directlyconnected to the loop.

Coaxial Cable Cable commonly used to trans-mit video signals. It consists ofa metallic shield with one ormore center conductors that areisolated from each other andfrom the shield.

Composite Video Video signal that contains thepicture signal, with vertical andhorizontal blanking and syncpulses.

CS-Mount New standard lens mountingformat.

Depth of Field Front-to-back area that is focusedin the camera view. The better the

lighting, the greater the depth of

field possible.

Duplex or A multiplexer allows viewing ofMultiplexer multiple pictures during

recording.

Dwell Length of time a video switcherholds a cameras picturebefore switching to the nextcameras picture.

Fiber Optics Flexible glass fibers used to con-duct signals.

Field of View The horizontal or vertical pic-ture size at a given distancefrom a camera to the subject.

f-Stop Lens speed. Lower f-stop meansthe lens remains open longer,resulting in more light passingthrough the lens and better lowlight camera performance.

Gen-Lock Method used to synchronizeone or more cameras by exter-nal means. Typical methods arecomposite video, compositesync, and horizontal or verticalsync.

Image Intensifier Electronic device used to pro-vide a brighter output imagethan the input image.

2. Definitions

Incident Light Amount of light directly over anobject.

Looping Term used when a high imped-ance device is connected in par-allel to a video source.

Matrix Switcher Normally used in larger camerasystems, a matrix switcherallows any of the systems cam-eras to be routed to any of thesystems monitors.

Multiplexer Device which allows the record-ing/playback of multiple cam-eras on a single time lapserecorder with little loss of infor-mation.

Pinhole Lens Lens with a very small front,easily concealed, for use incovert applications.

Quad Device that simultaneouslyplaces the pictures from fourcameras onto one video monitor.

Resolution Measure of the ability of aCCTV system, or one of itscomponents, to produce detail.

Roll Result of the loss of verticalsync which causes the pictureon a monitor to move up ordown.

Sync Electronic pulses inserted in avideo signal for assembling pic-ture information in the properposition.

Time Lapse VCR VCR that can record for extend-ed periods of time on a singlevideo tape by using frequenttape pausing. The longer thetime of recording, the fewernumber of pictures recordedper second. NOTE: Each stateseparately defines the minimumnumber of frames per second forrecordings to be considered realtime for law enforcement pur-poses.

Definitions

3 n

3.1 Delivery

a) Upon delivery of equipment and accessories, visu-ally inspect packaging for physical damage. If physi-cal damage is evident, notify the shipper and themanufacturer in writing immediately.

b) Compare equipment and accessories receivedwith the bill of materials, to verify that the shipmentis complete. If the shipment is not complete, notifythe manufacturer in writing immediately.

c) Verify that the equipment and accessories receivedconform with approved submittals and manufacturerquotations. If they do not, notify the manufacturerin writing immediately.

d) Upon delivery, carefully unpack equipment andaccessories sufficiently to inspect for concealed dam-age resulting from shipping and handling. If damagehas occurred, notify the shipper in writing immedi-ately.

e) If CCTV equipment and accessories are to bestored prior to installation, restore original packingmaterials to protect from exposure to environmentalconditions. When conditions permit, leave the pack-ing materials intact until equipment and accessoriesare ready for installation.

3.2 Handling

a) Handle CCTV equipment and accessories inaccordance with manufacturer recommendations.Avoid impact, jolting, jarring, rough handling, etc.

b) Ensure that equipment and components are with-in the rated capacity of the handling equipment.

3.3 Storage

a) Store CCTV equipment and accessories in accor-dance with manufacturer recommendations.

b) Store in a clean, dry, environmentally controlledspace.

c) Store in an area to discourage vandalism andtheft, and out of the way of construction traffic.

3. Delivery, Handling, and Storage

n 4

4.1 General

a) Survey the project site for conditions prior toinstallation. Inspect for seasonal and environmentalconditions such as average, maximum, and minimumtemperatures, fog, rain, snow, ice, humidity, condens-ing moisture, corrosion, salt water exposure, heat,cold, vibration, radio frequency interference, electri-cal discharge, AC induction, dust, smoke, animal orinsect infestation, vegetation, decorations, marketingaids, hazardous or volatile atmospheres, vandalism,tampering, theft, etc. Survey outdoor camera loca-tions when trees, shrubs, etc., are in full foliage.

b) Select equipment and components suitable forthe physical and environmental conditions that thesite may present.

4.2 Documentation

a) If required, notify the Authority HavingJurisdiction (AHJ) prior to the installation or alter-ation of CCTV equipment or wiring.

b) Upon the AHJs request, submit informationregarding the system or system alterations, includingproject drawings and specifications and battery cal-culations, if applicable.

c) If required by the AHJ and prior to requestingfinal approval of the installation, furnish a writtenstatement that the system has been:

1. Installed in accordance with specifications, and

2. Tested in accordance with the manufacturersspecifications and appropriate NFPA require-ments.

4.3 Compatibility and Integration

a) Ensure that CCTV system components are com-patible as a system. Ensure that the CCTV system iscompatible with collateral systems when integratedinto other systems. NOTE: CCTV systems can beinstalled as an independent, stand-alone system, as anintegral system combining other detection, notification,and auxiliary functions, or integrated as a componentsubsystem that is coordinated with other systems.

b) Where integrated with other systems, arrange sys-tems to function as a single system. NOTE: CCTVsystems may share control equipment with other sys-tems or function as a stand-alone subsystem. Ensurethat simultaneous operation of all system compo-nents does not degrade overall system operation andperformance.

c) Where integrated with central station premisesecurity systems, comply with applicable codes andrequirements for central station premise security sys-tems.

4.4 Voltage Considerations

a) CCTV systems operating at 120 Volts AC typicallyhave cameras supplied with a 6-foot standard powercord, which necessitates locating a suitable receptablewithin 6 feet of the camera location. Cameras oper-ating at 120 Volts AC are typically used for installa-tions requiring power-intensive accessories such aswiper/washers, heaters, blowers, etc., such as in out-door locations.

b) CCTV systems typically operate at 24 Volts AC.Cameras can be powered by external, plug-in typepower supplies using smaller-gauge conductors ateach location, or from remote or centrally-locatedpower supplies. Alternatively, siamese cable, which

4. Pre-Installation Considerations

5 n

contains video coax and power cable under one jack-et, can be used for both power and video cablingrequirements.

c) CCTV systems operating at 12 Volts DC are typi-cally used in vehicles or other locations were power isderived from one or several large batteries to powerthe system. Twelve Volt DC systems are suppliedpower in the same manner as 24 Volt AC systemswith the additional restriction that cable length islimited by voltage drop.

4.5 Camera Selection and Location

Camera performance depends upon several factorsincluding area and image illumination, reflectanceand glare, f-stop, color temperature, etc.Consequently, camera performance is somewhat sub-jective and may require a live demonstration ormock-up to determine suitability.

a) Ensure that camera selections and locations com-ply with manufacturer recommendations, drawings,and specifications, considering access for mainte-nance, repairs, and future replacement.

b) Use color cameras in locations where color anddetails are important to distinguish characteristics orfor object recognition.

c) Use cameras that are appropriately designed andadjusted for light levels and sensitivity. NOTE:Supplemental lighting, including infrared lighting, maybe required for acceptable camera performance.

d) Use cameras and lenses with the appropriate levelof resolution for the intended application. NOTE: Inany situation, a higher resolution picture is more desir-able than a lower resolution camera.

e) Select cameras and lenses considering depth offield and field of view. Consider how wide or howtall an object is in comparison to surroundings whenrelated to recognition of that object on a systemmonitor. Two cameras may be required for a givenapplication, one for an overall view, and another toview fine details.

f) Select cameras, lenses, enclosures, and accessoriesthat are physically compatible with the installed loca-tion and mounting methods, such as concealed loca-tions or dome enclosures. Size enclosures for cam-eras, lenses, and ancillary equipment.

g) Use optically-corrected domes. Typically, cleardomes are used for outdoor locations and smokeddomes are used indoors.

h) Select enclosures considering discretion, aesthet-ics and serviceability. Domes afford a great deal ofdiscretion by prohibiting an observer from determin-ing which way the camera is looking at any giventime. Certain enclosures, including domes, affordgreater serviceability due to built-in features, elec-tronics or modularity. Other enclosures tend toblend in more with their environment for purelyaesthetic reasons.

i) Select cameras and/or systems that allow camerasto be synchronized for roll-free video switching,using either cameras with synchronizing capabilities,or using systems with external phase adjustment fea-tures. NOTE: External phase adjustment capabilitiesis recommended because it allows more flexibility insystem set-up and does not require cameras with phaseline-lock capabilities.

j) Select fixed cameras where focusing on one pointor feature, such as doors, hallways, alcoves, very smallareas, etc.

k) Select dome-mounted or pan/tilt/zoom cameraswhere the area to be protected has an unobstructedline of sight with no hidden alcoves.

l) Select dome-mounted cameras for 360-degreecoverage.


n 6

Guidelines for installing cabling, conductors, andconduits are contained in various National ElectricalInstallation Standards. The following requirementsmodify or supplement those requirements withrespect to conduits, cabling, and conductors installedfor CCTV systems.

5.1 General

a) Install wiring and cable in accordance with manu-facturer recommendations and the NEC requirements.

b) Solder and heat-shrink-wrap electrical connec-tions to device manufacture supplied leads, or usehigh-quality insulating crimp connectors.

c) Provide strain relief for all connections to ensurethat tension is not transmitted to joints or terminalsand will not damage or break connections.

d) Provide a minimum of 2 inches of separationbetween conductors of lighting and power circuitsand those of Class 3 circuits, unless one of the cir-cuits is installed in metallic raceway.

e) Use conductors and cables of the appropriategauge, strands, insulation, and electrical properties asspecified by the manufacture of the device to be con-nected.

f) Install conductors and cables to provide access toequipment for maintenance and repairs.

g) Prepare cable and conductors in accordance withmanufacturer instructions. NOTE: Some manufac-turers provide unique instructions for their products.Stripping of sheathing as described in h) and i) belowmay not be an acceptable practice with products such ascoaxial cable or category-rated network cable.

h) Strip cables and conductors to the length pre-scribed by the manufacture of the device to whichthey should be connected. Do not damage or removeany strands of stranded conductors.

i) Remove the outside protective sheathing of cablesa minimum of 2 inches from the end to expose theinternal insulated conductors for making connec-tions. Removal of the outside sheathing in excess of2 inches to facilitate inserting the cable back into theopening is acceptable. Do not damage the insulationof the internal conductors of the wires or cables.

j) Ensure that wires and cables extend at least 6 inch-es beyond the finished surface at the point of deviceinstallation.

k) Use separate cables for power, control, and video,unless using one cable listed as suitable for combineduse.

l) Identify circuits within control panels, enclosures,pull boxes, etc. Identify circuits at field terminationsand all accessible locations.

5.2 Video Cable and Conductors

a) Use standard coaxial video cables with a solidcopper center conductor and a braided copper shieldwith 95 percent coverage, or mini-coaxial videocables with a stranded copper center conductor and abraided copper shield with 89 percent coverage.

b) Do not use coaxial cables with an aluminum orcopper-clad steel center conductor. Do not usecables with an aluminum braid or foil shield. NOTE:Cables with a foil shield may be used if the foil shield iscombined with, and in addition to, a copper braidshield.

5. Cabling and Conductors

7 n

c) Do not exceed manufacturers recommendationsfor cable length.

d) Use cable with a stranded center conductor cablespecifically manufactured for the application forpan/tilt/zoom cameras between the camera and junc-tion box.

e) Use coaxial cable with a nominal impedance of 75ohms. Do not use coaxial cable rated for any othernominal impedance.

5.3 Control Wiring

The purpose of low-voltage control cabling is tocarry control signals to devices within the CCTV sys-tem. Such devices include, but are not limited to,remote positioning devices such as pan/tilt/zoomcameras, scanner units, and domes, zoom lenses, andauxiliary devices such as wipers and washers, heaters,blowers, and remote relays.

a) Size control wiring to deliver the manufacturersoptimum operating voltage from the power supply orcontroller to the device being driven. Use the manu-facturers data sheets specifying the operating voltagerange, maximum distance versus wire gauge, andpower consumption.

b) Use a minimum of 18 AWG, stranded copperconductors for control wiring.

5.4 Data Cable

The purpose of data cable is to carry digital datacommunications between various devices within thesystem. Such devices include, but are not limited to,receivers, drivers, keyboards, controllers, multiplex-ers, and recording devices.

a) Use data cable in accordance with manufacturerrecommendations.

5.5 Fiber Optic Cabling

Fiber optic transmission of both video and data pre-sents distinct advantages over standard copper-basedcabling. Higher quality and longer distance trans-mission characteristics, inherent noise resistance,

greater flexibility for usage and reduced cablingdiameters are a few of these advantages. Installationand design of fiber optic systems are subject to therequirements and demands of both the applicationand the manufacturers specifications. Fiber opticcable installations should be completed by anapproved and certified fiber optics installer.

a) Install fiber optic cables in accordance with man-ufacturer recommendations.

b) Protect fiber optic cables against mechanicaldamage.

c) Install a service loop at control panels and enclo-sures used for terminations and at all field termina-tions. Conform to manufacturers specifications forthe bending radius of the service loop, but not lessthan 10 times the cable diameter. Provide mechani-cal protection of service loops.

5.6 Coaxial Connectors, Splices, andTerminations

a) Use BNC crimp-on style connectors. Do not usescrew-on or twist-on connectors or adapters.

b) Make direct connections within the CCTV sys-tem. Do not make connections using any type ofadapter.

c) Use a standard female-to-male BNC splice whensplicing coaxial cable. Do not use F connectors orbarrels. NOTE: Although a female-to-female spliceusing a barrel adapter is acceptable, there is more signalloss with this type of splice.

d) Use connection terminals that are insulated eitherby the manner of their construction and use, or byadding heat shrink insulation over the connection foreach individual connector.

e) Ensure that all terminations are properly made.NOTE: Examples of improper connections include, butare not limited to, connections that do not included allof the strands of the conductor, are bent or misshapen,and do not properly fit the terminal on the device.


n 8

f) Use terminals for more that one conductor thatare identified as suitable for that purpose. Connectonly conductors of the same size and compositionunder common terminals.

5.7 Grounding and Bonding

a) Ground and bond equipment and components inaccordance with manufacturer recommendations.

b) Bond all metallic components together. NOTE:The NEC does not require pullboxes to be bonded if thehighest voltage in the pullbox is 50 volts or less.However, it is recommended that equipment and con-duit systems be bonded together.

5.8 Conduits and Raceways

a) Install bushings at all conduit and raceway con-nections to junction boxes and at all open ends ofraceways or flexible conduits. Secure raceways and install bushings for conduits and raceways thatare not terminated on an appropriate back box.Position conduits and raceways to provide mechanical protection for the wires or cables to thedevice.

b) Limit distance between devices and raceways, con-duits or flexible conduits to no more than 3 inches.

c) Size raceways to protect any device manufacturerprovided leads and connectors, along with any con-ductors from the wires or cables.

d) Install raceways and conduits relative to devicesto facilitate removal, reinstallation, and reconnectionwithout damaging finished surfaces or extended timefishing for wires or cables. Generally, install racewaysand conduits perpendicular to the device.

Cabling and Conductors

9 n

6.1 General

a) Install cameras, equipment, and accessories inaccordance with manufacturer installation instruc-tions and recommendations.

b) Ensure that components are fully compatible as asystem, ensuring that equipment is compatible withwiring methods, system voltage, etc. Use equipmentlisted for the purpose for which it is used, whereapplicable nationally recognized standards exist.

c) Integrate system components with support equip-ment and software into a fully operational, functionalvideo control system.

d) Construct pole and tower foundations and installpoles and towers in accordance with drawings, speci-fications, and manufacturer recommendations.

e) Ensure that cameras mounted on poles or towersare accessible for maintenance using vehicles orbucket trucks, or provide a camera lowering systemwith dome enclosures.

f) Install, conceal, and disguise covert cameras inaccordance with manufacturer recommendations.

g) Locate equipment and components so that acci-dental operation or failure is not caused by vibrationor jarring.

h) Locate and install equipment and components inaccessible locations for service personnel.

6.2 Mounting and Supports

a) Mount and support equipment in accordancewith manufacturer recommendations.

b) Use anchoring devices that are approved for themounting surface, and for the weight and wind-load-ing, where applicable, of the equipment used.

c) Tighten mounting bolts and hardware snug to themounting surface.

d) Use mounts and supports that provide for ade-quate support and do not inhibit camera operationor field of view.

e) Use parapet mounts that are designed to allowequipment to be swiveled in toward the roof formaintenance access.

f) Provide supports to structures for all ceilingmounted cameras.

g) Mount control units, power supplies and batteriesvertically.

6.3 Camera Installation

a) Prior to installation, check the dimension of allcamera housing assemblies to ensure that cameras,lenses, mounting brackets, heaters, where required,blowers, where required, washer/wiper assemblies,where required, and all other required componentswill fit into the housing.

b.) Install cameras in locations that avoid a directview of sources of light. Picture quality is degradedwhen a camera looks directly into a light source, orhas a relatively high contrast between objects beingviewed and the background scene.

c) Ensure that proposed camera locations afford thenecessary field of view of the areas to be monitored.

6. Installation

n 10

d) Verify that the field of view of ceiling-mountedcameras is not obstructed by light fixtures, fire sup-pression sprinklers, HVAC diffusers or return airgrills, breaks in ceiling height, etc. If such conflictsexist, coordinate with the building owner, generalcontractor, engineer of record, etc., prior to installa-tion.

e) Install spot filters for cameras with fixed lenses,where necessary. Install asymmetrical wide-anglelenses to correct for distortion.

6.3.1 External Cameras

a) Install external cameras such that icing, sunlightangles, extreme temperature, and wind loading donot affect their operation. NOTE: Pan/tilt/zoom cam-eras may be required to start up in icing conditions.

b) Use weather-tight housings were exposed to ele-ments.

c.) Install accessories for external conditions such asheaters, blowers, and defrosters or defoggers, asrequired.

d) Install external CCTV equipment and compo-nents that are vandal and tamper resistant.

e) Install sun-shield or hoods to reduce glare whenthe sun is low on the horizon, or if the camera has adirect view of the sun, where applicable.

6.4 Control Cabinet and Equipment

a) Install CCTV equipment, components, cameras,transmitters, receivers, matrix switchers, collectors,digital recorders, video cassette recorders, program-mable logic controllers, computers, routers, moni-tors, pan/tilt/zoom controls, etc., in accordance withmanufacturer recommendations.

b) Ensure that equipment is installed and connectedto function as intended, designed, and manufactured.

c) Ensure that transmitters and receivers are capableof transmitting and receiving video, data, and controlsignals for pan/tilt/zoom controls, where applicable.

d) Install console-mounted monitors on consoles orcabinets. Install overhead monitors mounted onsteel support brackets. Use brackets capable of sup-porting up to 40 pounds that are adjustable in heightand width to accommodate the required monitordimensions.

e) Provide 75-ohm terminations for all unused videoamplifier outputs that are not source-terminated.

6.5 Software

a) Provide and configure custom software, if neces-sary, to complete system installation.

b) Use software provided with a premise securitysystem that is listed for use with the equipment onwhich it is installed.

c) Maintain a record of installed software versionnumbers at the location of the premise security system.

d) Protect software from unauthorized changes.

6.6 Power Supplies

a) Connect power supplies for CCTV equipment toNEC compliant branch circuiting.

b) Provide and install listed power supplies with per-formance characteristics compatible with uniquerequirements of the equipment being supplied.

c.) Size power supplied in accordance with manufac-turer recommendations and with the application.Ensure that loads connected to power supplies do notexceed 80 percent of the power output rating of thepower supply.

d) Provide individual fusing for each camera.

e) Consider power source redundancy with at leasttwo independent and reliable power supplies, oneprimary and one secondary or standby source, eachof which with adequate capacity for the application.

f) Install transient voltage surge protection devicesat the primary power supply for CCTV equipment.

Installation

11 n

6.7 Storage Batteries

a) When installing batteries as a secondary sourcefor CCTV systems, locate storage batteries such thatthe premise security equipment, including overcur-rent devices, are not adversely affected by batterygases. Conform to the NEC.

b) Use battery racks that are suitably protectedagainst deterioration.

c) Permanently identify the location of remote bat-teries and battery charger at the premise securitycontrol panel.

d) Secure storage batteries from unauthorizedaccess.

e) Provide automatic battery charging in accordancewith manufacturer recommendations.

f) Provide a battery charger capable of maintainingthe battery fully charged under normal operatingconditions and to recharge batteries after fullycharged batteries have been subject to a single dis-charge cycle.

g) Ensure that batteries are protected from excessivecharging current by overcurrent devices or by auto-matic current-limiting design of the charging source.

h) Use battery charging equipment with voltage andcharging current metering either by integral metersor by readily accessible terminals for the connectionof portable meters.

i) Provide supervision of the battery charger todetect a failure of the battery charger and initiate atrouble signal.

6.8 Site Cleanup

a) Upon completion of the work, remove excessdebris, materials, equipment, apparatus, tool and thelike and leave the premises clean, neat, and orderly.

b) Provide signage for buildings and areas underCCTV surveillance, unless covert CCTV is used.


n 12

7.1 Field Adjustments

Some CCTV equipment and components containautomatic controls to adjust for in-service conditionssuch as brightness control of video monitors, fre-quency control for synchronizing cameras, gain con-trol to adjust signal strength, and light control forcameras to automatically adjust for proper light levels.

a) Make field adjustments to cameras to improve thefield of view of the area being monitored. For cam-eras monitoring doors, the top of the field of viewshould be the top of the door.

b) Set pan and tilt limits in accordance with manu-facturer recommendations and as required for theproject.

c) Set camera back-focus such that cameras remainin focus while zooming all the way out or zoomingall the way in.

d) As applicable, set all pan/tilt/zoom cameras toautomatically adjust, using set points, to view theintended target, when the cameras call-up switchingsignal is generated.

e) Synchronize all cameras to prevent rolling whenswitching on each monitor. Adjust cameras to opti-mize the presentation at the display.

f) Ensure that the recording speed of the multiplexeris compatible with the time-lapse speed of therecording device. NOTE: Most multiplexers requirethe video signal to be delivered in three-hour mode toprevent lost information or picture interference.

g) Adjust variable focal lenses during final accep-tance testing.

7.2 Acceptance Testing

a) Test CCTV systems, equipment, and componentsin accordance with manufacturer recommendations.

b) Visually inspect monitors to ensure system moni-tors are working properly and that cameras are prop-erly aimed and focused.

c) Verify proper operation of remote controls, suchas pan/tilt/zoom cameras.

d) Verify proper operation of ancillary device opera-tion, such as heaters, blowers, defrosters,washer/wipers, etc.

e) Verify proper operation of matrix switchers, mul-tiplexers, quads, etc., that sequence and cycle betweencameras and monitors.

f) Verify that the various camera images are dis-played on the appropriate monitors.

g) Verify proper operation of recording devices suchas digital video recorders, video cassette recorders, etc.

h) Correct system defect and malfunctions in accor-dance with manufacturer recommendations.

7.3 Documentation

a) Deliver owners and users manuals and installa-tion instructions covering all system equipment tothe owner or responsible party upon final acceptanceof the system.

Owners or responsible parties include, but are notnecessarily limited to, the owner of the protectedproperty, the leaseholder of the tenant space wherethe system is installed, or an employee or agent of theowner or the leaseholder.

7. Commissioning

13 n

Documentation should include the following:

1) Detailed narrative description of the systeminputs, signaling, ancillary functions, annuncia-tion, intended sequence of operation, expansioncapability, and application considerations andlimitations.

2) Operator instructions for basic system opera-tions, including system start-up and reset, oper-ation of manual ancillary function controls suchas pan/tilt/zoom cameras, operation of record-ing devices, etc.

3) Detailed description of routine maintenance andtesting as required and as would be providedunder a maintenance contract. Include testingand maintenance instructions for each type ofdevice installed.

4) Listing of the individual system componentsthat require periodic testing and maintenance.

5) Schedule of testing and maintenance proceduresand intervals for each type of device installed.

6) Detailed troubleshooting instructions for eachtrouble condition generated from monitoredfield wiring, including opens, grounds and loopfailures, including a list of all trouble signalsannunciated by the system, a description of theconditions that cause such trouble signals, andstep-by-step instructions describing how to iso-late such problems and correct them, or how tocall for service, as appropriate.

7) Service directory that included a list of namesand telephone numbers of those who provideservice for the system.

b) Where required by code or regulation, provide aPremise Security Record of Completion form to theowner or responsible party.

c) Protect documentation that may compromise thepremise security system to prevent the unauthorizedrelease of critical system locations, operations andfunctions.

7.4 Training

a) Provide training for all systems users. Coordinatethis with the owner or responsible party.

b) Base training on the level of user involvementwith the system, using owners and operators manu-als as references materials.

c) Make documentation of training available to theAHJ upon request, and include it with the ownersand users manuals. Include the names of attendees,the date of the training, the scope of the training, andthe lesson plan of the training in the documentation.


n 14

8.1 General

a) Inspection, testing, or maintenance may be per-formed by a person or organization other than theowner if conducted under a written contract.

b) To prevent unnecessary response, notify all per-sons affected by CCTV systems, including superviso-ry personnel and building occupants, before proceed-ing with any testing or maintenance.

c) Notify the owner or responsible party that the sys-tem or a part of the system may not be fully func-tional during the testing or maintenance procedureand that appropriate safeguards should be taken,based upon the perceived risk.

d) Notify the owner or responsible party that infor-mation may be lost during the time the system isunder maintenance or testing.

e) Coordinate maintenance and testing to preventinterruption of critical building systems or equipment.

f) Review information regarding the system and sys-tem alterations, including record of completion,owners manual and installations instructions, ifavailable from the owner or responsible party priorto maintenance and testing.

g) Notify all affected parties upon the conclusion ofinspections, maintenance, and testing.

h) If a defect or malfunction is not corrected at theconclusion of system inspection, testing, or mainte-nance, provide written notice to the system owner orresponsible party. Maintain a written record for aperiod of 1 year from the date the impairment is cor-rected.

8.2 Routine Inspection, Maintenance, andTesting

a) Inspect, maintain, and test CCTV equipment andcomponents in accordance with manufacturer rec-ommendations.

b) Use replacement components that are fully com-patible with existing equipment and components.NOTE: For example, do not replace a CS-mount lenswith a C-mount lens. A C-mount lens requires agreater distance between the lens and the camera sensorthan a CS mount lens. It would not be possible to focusthe camera without the aid of a CSA, or CS-to-Cadapter. On occasion, installing a C-mount lens on aCS-mount camera without an adapter can damage thecamera sensor.

c) Clean equipment and components using manu-facturer recommended materials and methods.

d) Inspect equipment and components for evidenceof moisture. Consult manufacturer for recommen-dations to protect against moisture.

e.) Periodically measure the voltage of power suppliesto ensure proper equipment operating voltage.Replace deficient or degraded power supplies. Voltageregulation problems can cause camera mis-operation.

f) Inspect equipment with air filters. Clean orreplace dirty filters as required.

g) Measure the temperature of rooms containingCCTV equipment and components. Ensure thatequipment ambient temperatures are within opera-tional limitations of equipment. Notify owner orresponsible party when ambient temperatures exceedequipment operating limits.

8. Maintenance

15 n

h) Perform Acceptance Testing in accordance with7.2.

i) Provide training for all users when inspection,maintenance, or testing results in a change in systemoperation.

8.3 Making Repairs or Modifications to anExisting System

a) Upon notification of a CCTV system malfunc-tion, effect repairs within 24 hours, unless it is deter-mined that there is no risk to the protected propertyor the occupants. In such case, notify the owner orresponsible party in writing that repairs may be com-pleted outside of 24 hours.

b) Inspect and test all systems upon completion ofinstallation, adding or deleting system components,any modification, repair, or adjustment to systemhardware or wiring, change in site-specific software,or change in the structure being protected.

c) Fully test all components, circuits, systems opera-tions, or site-specific software functions known to beaffected by changes.

d) Complete routine system maintenance in accor-dance with Section 8.2.


n 16

This publication, when used in conjunction with the National Electrical Code and manufacturers literature,provides sufficient information to install and maintain CCTV systems. The following publications may alsoprovide useful information:

National Fire Protection Association1 Batterymarch ParkQuincy, MA 02169-7471(617) 770-3000 tel(617) 770-3500 faxwww.nfpa.org

ANSI/NFPA 70-2005, National Electrical Code (ANSI)

Current National Electrical Installation Standards published by NECA:

NECA 1-2000, Standard Practices for Good Workmanship in Electrical Contracting (ANSI)

NECA 90-2004, Recommended Practice for Commissioning Building Electrical Systems (ANSI)

NECA 100-1999, Symbols for Electrical Construction Drawings (ANSI)

NECA 101-2001, Standard for Installing Steel Conduits (Rigid, IMC, EMT)

NECA 102-2004, Standard for Installing Aluminum Rigid Metal Conduit (ANSI)

NECA/AA 104-2000, Recommended Practice for Installing Aluminum Building Wire and Cable (ANSI)

NECA/NEMA 105-2002, Recommended Practice for Installing Metal Cable Tray Systems (ANSI)

NECA 111-2003, Standard for Installing Nonmetallic Raceways (RNC, ENT, LFNC) (ANSI)

NECA 200-2002, Recommended Practice for Installing and Maintaining Temporary Electrical Power at

Construction Sites (ANSI)

NECA 202-2001, Recommended Practice for Installing and Maintaining Industrial Heat Tracing Systems (ANSI)

NECA 230-2003, Standard for Selecting, Installing, and Maintaining Electric Motors and Motor Controllers

(ANSI)

NECA/FOA 301-2004, Standard for Installing and Testing Fiber Optic Cables (ANSI)

NECA 303-2005, Standard for Installing Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) Systems (ANSI)

NECA 305-2001, Standard for Fire Alarm System Job Practices (ANSI)

NECA 331-2004, Standard for Building and Service Entrance Grounding and Bonding

NECA 400-1998, Recommended Practice for Installing and Maintaining Switchboards (ANSI)

Annex A: Reference Standards

17 n

(This annex is not part of the standard)

NECA 402-2001, Recommended Practice for Installing and Maintaining Motor Control Centers (ANSI)

NECA/EGSA 404-2000, Recommended Practice for Installing Generator Sets (ANSI)

NECA 405-2001, Recommended Practice for Installing and Commissioning Interconnected Generation Systems

(ANSI)

NECA 406-2003, Standard for Installing Residential Generator Sets (ANSI)

NECA 407-2002, Recommended Practice for Installing and Maintaining Panelboards (ANSI)

NECA 408-2002, Recommended Practice for Installing and Maintaining Busways (ANSI)

NECA 409-2002, Recommended Practice for Installing and Maintaining Dry-Type Transformers (ANSI)

NECA/IESNA 500-1998, Recommended Practice for Installing Indoor Commercial Lighting Systems (ANSI)

NECA/IESNA 501-2000, Recommended Practice for Installing Exterior Lighting Systems (ANSI)

NECA/IESNA 502-1999, Recommended Practice for Installing Industrial Lighting Systems (ANSI)

NECA 503-2005, Standard for Installing Fiber Optic Lighting Systems

NECA/BICSI 568-2001, Standard for Installing Commercial Building Telecommunications Cabling (ANSI)

NECA/MACSCB 600-2003, Recommended Practice for Installing and Maintaining Medium-Voltage Cable (ANSI)

NECA/NEMA 605-2005, Recommended Practice for Installing Underground Nonmetallic Utility Duct (ANSI)


n 18

National ElectricalContractors Association3 Bethesda Metro CenterSuite 1100 Bethesda, MD 20814301-657-3110 fax: 301-215-4500www.neca-neis.org

Standards & SafetyIndex: NECA 3032K/10-05

N A T I O N A L E L E C T R I C A L I N S T A L L A T I O N S T A N D A R D S

Table of ContentsForeword1. Scope1.1 Products and Applications Included1.2 Products and Applications Excluded1.3 Regulatory and Other Requirements

2. Definitions3. Delivery, Handling, and Storage3.1 Delivery3.2 Handling3.3 Storage

4. Pre-Installation Considerations4.1 General4.2 Documentation4.3 Compatibility and Integration4.4 Voltage Considerations4.5 Camera Selection and Location

5. Cabling and Conductors5.1 General5.2 Video Cable and Conductors5.3 Control Wiring5.4 Data Cable5.5 Fiber Optic Cabling5.6 Coaxial Connectors, Splices, and Terminations5.7 Grounding and Bonding5.8 Conduits and Raceways

6. Installation6.1 General6.3 Mounting and Supports6.3 Camera Installation6.3.1 External Cameras

6.4 Control Cable and Equipment6.5 Software6.6 Power Supplies6.7 Storage Batteries6.8 Site Cleanup

7. Commissioning7.1 Field Adjustments7.2 Acceptance Testing7.3 Documentation7.4 Training

8. Maintenance8.1 General8.2 Routine Inspection, Maintenance, and Testing8.3 Making Repairs or Modifications to an Existing System

Annex A: Reference Standards

NECA303_05_P

Documents

Transcript of NECA303_05_P