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Neale Chumbler Regenstrief 2007 Presentation
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Transcript of Neale Chumbler Regenstrief 2007 Presentation
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Implementation of Health Implementation of Health Information Technology in VHA to Information Technology in VHA to Support Transformational Change: Support Transformational Change:
Improved Access and Patient Improved Access and Patient Centered CareCentered Care
Neale R. Chumbler, PhDNeale R. Chumbler, PhDResearch Scientist & Associate ProfessorResearch Scientist & Associate Professor
Department of Department of Health Services Health Services
Research, Research, Management and Management and
PolicyPolicy
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Bobby Knight
IU Head Coach: 1971 - 2000
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IOM’s IOM’s Crossing the Quality Crossing the Quality ChasmChasm
Six “Aims for Improvement”Six “Aims for Improvement” 1. Safety 1. Safety
(as safe at home as in health care (as safe at home as in health care facilities)facilities)
2. Effectiveness 2. Effectiveness (avoid overuse of ineffective care and (avoid overuse of ineffective care and
under use of effective care)under use of effective care)
3. Patient-centeredness 3. Patient-centeredness (respect patient needs; communication (respect patient needs; communication
& education for patients; coordination & education for patients; coordination of care)of care)
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Six Aims for Improvement Six Aims for Improvement (cont’d)(cont’d)
4. Timeliness 4. Timeliness (care should reduce waiting times)(care should reduce waiting times)
5. Efficiency 5. Efficiency (reduction of waste; reduction of total cost (reduction of waste; reduction of total cost
of care)of care)
6. Equity 6. Equity (access to care regardless of income, (access to care regardless of income,
ethnicity, and insurance) ethnicity, and insurance) Berwick, Berwick,
20022002
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Changes at Microsystems Changes at Microsystems of Careof Care
1. Small units of work---the care that 1. Small units of work---the care that the patient experiencesthe patient experiences
where the work actually happenswhere the work actually happens 2. To achieve six aims---three wide-2. To achieve six aims---three wide-
ranging redesign principlesranging redesign principles Knowledge-based care (best scientific Knowledge-based care (best scientific
evidence available in service of patient)evidence available in service of patient) Patient-centered care (patient in control Patient-centered care (patient in control
of his/her care)of his/her care) Systems-minded care (coordination of Systems-minded care (coordination of
care across disciplines; avert care across disciplines; avert fragmented care; relevance to patients fragmented care; relevance to patients with chronic illnesses)with chronic illnesses)
Berwick, 2002
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Enhancement of Enhancement of Effectiveness of Effectiveness of MicrosystemsMicrosystems ““10 simple Rules”10 simple Rules”
1. 1. Care --- continuous healing relationshipCare --- continuous healing relationship Access to care --- internet; telephone, etc.Access to care --- internet; telephone, etc.
2. Care --- tailored according to patients’ 2. Care --- tailored according to patients’ needs and values.needs and values.
3. Patient --- exercises control over own health 3. Patient --- exercises control over own health Shared Decision Making.Shared Decision Making.
4. Patient --- unlimited access to their own 4. Patient --- unlimited access to their own medicalmedical
information.information.Berwick, 2002Berwick, 2002
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Changes in Health Care Changes in Health Care OrganizationsOrganizations
IT --- improve access to IT --- improve access to information & support clinical information & support clinical decision making.decision making.
Better coordination of care among Better coordination of care among services, especially for care of services, especially for care of people with chronic illnesses.people with chronic illnesses.
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VHA Care CoordinationVHA Care Coordination
Late 2003Late 2003 Espoused IOM Aims for Improvement Espoused IOM Aims for Improvement
(especially patient centeredness)(especially patient centeredness) Wagner’s Model of Chronic Care Wagner’s Model of Chronic Care
--- pt. self-management--- pt. self-management Address fragmented care --- affect pt. Address fragmented care --- affect pt.
safetysafety Health informatics, telehealth, & DMHealth informatics, telehealth, & DM
Darkins, 2006
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CCHT ComponentsCCHT Components Use telehealth --- coordinate care---pts. Use telehealth --- coordinate care---pts.
HomeHome
Patient Centered CarePatient Centered Care Pt. --- locus of control; care environment shifted to Pt. --- locus of control; care environment shifted to
homehome
Disease ManagementDisease Management Symptom; knowledge; behaviorSymptom; knowledge; behavior
Care/Case ManagementCare/Case Management Across the VHA continuumAcross the VHA continuum
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CCHT ComponentsCCHT Components Self management of chronic diseaseSelf management of chronic disease
Facilitate medication changesFacilitate medication changes Early interventionsEarly interventions
Technology delivers componentsTechnology delivers components Integrate information and communication Integrate information and communication
technologies through communication technologies through communication services (messaging devices; videophones)services (messaging devices; videophones)
Allows veteran and care coordinator Allows veteran and care coordinator maintain direct communicationmaintain direct communication
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Home Telehealth Home Telehealth TechnologyTechnology
To support self-care and non-institutional long-term care needs of older veterans with disabling chronic disease.
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CCHT ImplementationCCHT Implementation
System-wide; programs in all 21 System-wide; programs in all 21 regional administrative units regional administrative units (VISNs)(VISNs)
7/31/07 --- 27,637 veterans have 7/31/07 --- 27,637 veterans have been provided CCHTbeen provided CCHT
Predominantly CHF, COPD, Predominantly CHF, COPD, diabetes, & PTSDdiabetes, & PTSD Darksins, 2006
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CCHT FindingsCCHT Findings Rigorously tested the effectiveness of Rigorously tested the effectiveness of
the CCHT intervention to determine if the CCHT intervention to determine if there were reductions in service use there were reductions in service use for veterans with diabetes.for veterans with diabetes. Propensity scores --- help ensure Propensity scores --- help ensure
comparability of the treatment and comparability of the treatment and comparison group on observable covariatescomparison group on observable covariates
Difference-in-differences was used to Difference-in-differences was used to control for cross-sectional selection control for cross-sectional selection bias and intervening time factorsbias and intervening time factors
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CCHT FindingsCCHT Findings
DiabetesDiabetes 1. Monitored wkly, w/more intensive evaluations vs. 1. Monitored wkly, w/more intensive evaluations vs.
daily, but less intensivelydaily, but less intensively
Hospital admissions decreased in daily monitoring Hospital admissions decreased in daily monitoring group & increased in weekly monitoring groupgroup & increased in weekly monitoring group
2. Improvement in HRQL --- SF36V2. Improvement in HRQL --- SF36V physical functioning; bodily pain; social functioningphysical functioning; bodily pain; social functioning
3. Significant reductions (by 25%, p = .02) ---3. Significant reductions (by 25%, p = .02) ---hospitalizations (24-mos). hospitalizations (24-mos).
Chumbler et al., 2005a; Chumbler et al., 2005a; 2005b; Barnett et al., 2005b; Barnett et al., 20062006
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Tested Cost-Utility of Diabetes Tested Cost-Utility of Diabetes ProgramProgram One third of program participants One third of program participants
were deemed cost-effective were deemed cost-effective Cost-effectiveness varied by marital Cost-effectiveness varied by marital
status and VAMC implemented sitestatus and VAMC implemented site Targeting the intervention Targeting the intervention
differently in future work, may be differently in future work, may be more cost-effective for a greater more cost-effective for a greater % of patients.% of patients.
CCHT Findings
Barnett et al., 2007
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Cancer CCHT FindingsCancer CCHT Findings HRQL --- 6.5-point increase in HRQL HRQL --- 6.5-point increase in HRQL
between baseline and end of between baseline and end of treatment.treatment. Clinically meaningful differenceClinically meaningful difference Better management of Better management of
nervousness/worry over time + HRQL.nervousness/worry over time + HRQL. Case-control study: Matched by Case-control study: Matched by
Tumor Type and Cancer Stage.Tumor Type and Cancer Stage. Fewer hospitalizations and fewer clinic Fewer hospitalizations and fewer clinic
visits.visits.
Chumbler et al., 2007a; Chumbler et al., 2007a; 2007b2007b
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My HealteVet (MHV)My HealteVet (MHV) Online Personal Health RecordOnline Personal Health Record Secure Web-based portalSecure Web-based portal
1. View medical records1. View medical records 2. Prescription Refills2. Prescription Refills 3. Self-enter information & share it 3. Self-enter information & share it
w/providersw/providers 4. Appointments4. Appointments 5. Disease Management (assessment 5. Disease Management (assessment
tools)tools) 5. Laboratory Values 5. Laboratory Values
Track personal BP, weight, HR, etc.Track personal BP, weight, HR, etc.
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MHVMHV
Stored in a secure & private Stored in a secure & private environmentenvironment eVAeVAault; dault; data encryptedata encrypted
Share with providers in & out of Share with providers in & out of VHAVHA
Identify clinical studies to enrollIdentify clinical studies to enrollKupersmith et al., 2007
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MHVMHV
““Research Health”Research Health” Diseases & ConditionsDiseases & Conditions
MHV currently pilot tested in 9 MHV currently pilot tested in 9 VAMCsVAMCs..
No Findings publishedNo Findings published
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Future Steps --- Future Steps --- TelehealthTelehealth
Void in literature on importance Void in literature on importance of organizational characteristics of organizational characteristics in telehealth effectivenessin telehealth effectiveness Care coordinator staffing ratioCare coordinator staffing ratio Education level of care coordinatorsEducation level of care coordinators Management oversight of programsManagement oversight of programs Hospital characteristics; ResourcesHospital characteristics; Resources Number and type of patientsNumber and type of patients
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Future StepsFuture Steps
CCHT ImplementationCCHT Implementation Randomized Controlled TrialsRandomized Controlled Trials
Tele-rehabilitation to improve access to Tele-rehabilitation to improve access to care for stroke patientscare for stroke patients
Cost-effectiveness Cost-effectiveness How CCHT impacts broader care How CCHT impacts broader care
processes processes (e.g., extent to which diagnoses are (e.g., extent to which diagnoses are
made; medicines ordered; and referrals made; medicines ordered; and referrals made)made) Jaana & Pare, 2007
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Further InvestigationFurther Investigation
Assessment of Attitude of ProvidersAssessment of Attitude of Providers Telehealth providers (RNs)Telehealth providers (RNs)
Staffing-impact on nursing workload hours Staffing-impact on nursing workload hours (set up, monitoring, follow-up; respond to (set up, monitoring, follow-up; respond to technical issues)technical issues)
Referring physicians want more Referring physicians want more information on how it will be used for information on how it will be used for patient care.patient care.
Identification of patients most likely Identification of patients most likely to benefitto benefit
Hopp et al., 2007
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Further InvestigationFurther Investigation
Usability of Home-Telehealth Usability of Home-Telehealth TechnologyTechnology Identification & Follow-up on Identification & Follow-up on
technical issuestechnical issues
Disease Mgt. ModulesDisease Mgt. Modules Type & Frequency of Questions answered Type & Frequency of Questions answered
by pts.by pts.
Flexibility in asking additional questionsFlexibility in asking additional questions
Hopp et al., 2007
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Future StepsFuture Steps
More efficient manner of More efficient manner of integrating the data from home integrating the data from home telehealth devices into CPRStelehealth devices into CPRS
Vital sign data --- vital sign package to be Vital sign data --- vital sign package to be electronically tagged to count for EPRPelectronically tagged to count for EPRP
Clinical Reminder --- who is enrolled in Clinical Reminder --- who is enrolled in the CCHT?the CCHT? Early stages of a national reminderEarly stages of a national reminder
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Future StepsFuture Steps
More efficient manner of More efficient manner of integrating the data from home integrating the data from home telehealth devices into CPRStelehealth devices into CPRS
Develop effective strategies to integrate Develop effective strategies to integrate these practices to better support provider these practices to better support provider decision makingdecision making FeasibilityFeasibility FrequencyFrequency Urgency flag?Urgency flag?
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MHV Future StepsMHV Future Steps
Research Issues in implementationResearch Issues in implementation Usability of MHVUsability of MHV Identify ways MHV enhanced (human Identify ways MHV enhanced (human
factors associated with implementation factors associated with implementation & adherence)& adherence)
Identify characteristics of veterans who Identify characteristics of veterans who are not using it and offer suggestionsare not using it and offer suggestions
Role of providers in MHVRole of providers in MHV Work settings; sustainabilityWork settings; sustainability
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CCHT & MHVCCHT & MHV
Disease management protocols Disease management protocols for MHV (survey section)for MHV (survey section) Vet answer just like CCHTVet answer just like CCHT
CCHT re-designed --- MHV more CCHT re-designed --- MHV more applicableapplicable 1) improve access1) improve access 2) shared decision-making2) shared decision-making 3) encouraged patient self-3) encouraged patient self-
managementmanagement
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Transformational ChangeTransformational Change
Re-alignment of values, methods, and Re-alignment of values, methods, and structuresstructures
Flow out of planned action & Flow out of planned action & disruptive environmental influences disruptive environmental influences
VHA’s CCHT and MHVVHA’s CCHT and MHV Cross-cutting innovations that contribute Cross-cutting innovations that contribute
to transformative organizational to transformative organizational improvement across the 6 IOM aims.improvement across the 6 IOM aims.Gamm et al., 2007