Navigation and satellite data in a standardisation

perspective

Dag Anders MoldestadNorwegian Space Centre

Dag.anders.moldestad@spacecentre.no22 51 18 09

20204 Global Navigation Satellite Systems

120 satellites

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GPS (31)

Galileo (14)

Glonass (27)

BeiDou (13)

Current launched satellites

Galileo services

5

Open - GPS interoperable

Encrypted/Galileo-specific

PNT

• Advanced Receiver Autonomous

Integrity Monitoring (RAIM)

”Contribute to integrity

monitoring service (2025+)”

• Authentication, encryption• High precision

Commercial Service (2018)

• Encrypted• Access control and

PRS Public Regulated Service (2016)

• Increased performance

• More satellites

• 2/3-frequencies for ranging

Open Service (2016)

PNT+

Galileo reference documentation

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Galileo Open Service

Signal In Space

Interface Control

Document

(OS SIS ICD)Version 1.2

November 2015

Galileo Nequick

Ionospheric ModeVersion 1.2

September 2016

Galileo SiS

Operational Status

DefinitionVersion 1.1

July 2016

Galileo Service

Definition DocumentWork in process

to be published at

“initial service”

Integrated monitoring of road conditionsSnow data from

satellitesWeather forecasts & models Road data from snow ploughs

Image: folkebladet.no

Image: adressa.no

Road data from measurement stations

Wheel & spin data from cars

Image: extremetech.comImage: Tidens Krav

NR

Image: yr.no

20141227 20150108 20150213 20150309

20150426201504142015040220150321

20150508

Avalanche mapping with Sentinel-1 (NORUT & NGI)

Very good results with rock slide mapping based

on radar satellites & InSAR

NGU/NORUT

Nordisk Film

Nordisk Film

Rock slide monitoring in Troms, Norway

14.11.2016 11NGU

Subsidence in Oslo from Sentinel-1

Subsidence of buildings

NGU

Radarsat-2/C Sentinel-1A & -1B

TerraSAR-X/X2

Interferometri-prosesseringspakke

Sluttbrukerforum (NGU/NVE/JBV/

Statens vegvesen) & Brukerstøtte

Nedlesing av satellittdata

Lagring av satellittdata

Interferometrisk prosessering

Lagring og tilgjengeliggjøring av

prosesserte data

Sluttbruker(NGU/NVE/JBV/Statens vegvesen)

Cosmo-SkyMed

Norwegian national centre

for InSAR (2016->)

• Collaboration between Norwegian Space Centre, The Geological Survey of Norway (NGU) & The Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE) & subcontractors NORUT & PPO.labs

• Goal: Operational InSAR subsidence data production over Norway

• Improved accessability of InSAR results for public and commercial users

• Mapping of geohazards, rock slides &

infrastructure subsidence

• Tool for creating downstream use in

e.g. geotechnical, climate, big data

analysis, insurance, property market,

structural engineering & transport

applications

14.11.2016

Copernicus – Europe´s global earthobservation system

– 4.2 Bill euro for Copernicus in the EU MultiFinancial Framework 2014-2020.

– Free & open data policy

– Norway participates

– Norwegian Space Centre has the nationalresponsibility for Copernicus

Copernicus will give free satellite data inn all eternity – scihub.copernicus.eu

Sentinel-1 (radar, 5x20 m, 2014)Oil spill, ship detection, sea ice, rock slide, avalanche, glacier movement &

velocity, snow, ice & flood risk

Sentinel-2 (optical, 10 m, 2015)Global imaging every 5 days, monitoring of protected areas & biological

diversity, land cover, forest health, deforestation & forest carbon tracking,

climate related changes in vegetation & glaciers, natural runoff to rivers &

lakes – EU water directive, urban green structure, pollen forecasting

Sentinel-3 (sea & land, 2016)Sea level, ocean circulation, wave height, sea surface temperature, ocean colour– algae, global vegetation, volcanic ash

Sentinel-5p (atmospheric chemistry, 2016)Air pollution & quality, SO2, NO2, BrO, CO, CH4, CH2O++, Ozone, UV, aerosols

Sentinel-6 (sea, 2020)Sea level, wave height, wind over sea

Almostdaily

Norwegian coverage

withSentinel-1

& -2

WeeklyNorwegian coverage

with InSAR

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InSAR(NGU & NORUT)

Sentinel-2,Copernicus data, 2015

Kart (SK) Sentinel-1, Copernicus data (2015)

Tøyen city park before and after rock festival(Geodata, Sentinel-2, NDVI Colorised)

Before12 August

After22 August

Change detection of lawn wear in Tøyen city park (Geodata based on Sentinel-2)

CAMS global

CAMS regional (Europe)

Norwegian cities: NILU + MET

Used for Better City Air

Air quality forecasting

with Copernicus

Smart AirStream(NILU)

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• 2006-2012: 10 % annualgrowth in EO downstreamindustry in Europe

• 2008: Free satellite data from Landsat gave 100x use in 3 years relative to 30 years ofcommercial data policy

• From 2017: Daily global data production from Sentinel-1A/B, -2A/B, -3A/B & -5P willbe 13 Terabyte.

• PWC (2016): Copernicus 3rd largest data provider in theworld.

Topptekst settes via "Sett inn -> Topptekst og bunntekst"

NGU

NORUT/Airbus/Kartverket

Innovation from space

Vision: Always connected & localised witha handheld product based on earth

observation & navigation from space

Some relevant ISO standards

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ISO 19101-2: Geographic information – Reference model – Part 2: Imagery

ISO 19116: Positioning services

ISO 19123-1: Geographic information – Schema for coverage geometry and functions – Part 1: Schema

ISO 19123-2: Geographic information – Schema for coverage geometry and functions – Part 2: Coverage Implementation Specification

ISO 19159-1: Geographic information – Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors – Part 1: Optical sensors

ISO 19159-3: Geographic information – Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors – Part 3: SAR/InSAR

ISO 19161-1: Geographic information - Geodetic references – Part 1: The International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS)

New topics for standards or does existing standards cover?

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Data access infrastructure systems: Architecture & interfaces withrespect to Copernicus big data volume

Analysis Ready Data

Big data analysis and Earth Observation

Applied InSAR data and products

Copernicus and Sentinel based products for different userdomains with non-compliant standards