Theory of Plate Tectonics Plate Tectonics Plate Boundaries Causes of Plate Tectonics.
Naturalists at Large: Plate tectonics
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Transcript of Naturalists at Large: Plate tectonics
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Theory of Plate TectonicsTheory of Plate Tectonics
Plate TectonicsPlate Tectonics
Plate BoundariesPlate Boundaries
Causes of Plate TectonicsCauses of Plate Tectonics
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Plate TectonicsPlate Tectonics
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What is Plate TectonicsWhat is Plate Tectonics
• The Earth’s crust and upper mantle are broken into sections called plates
• Plates move around on top of the mantle like rafts
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What is the What is the LithosphereLithosphere??
• The crust and part of the upper mantle = lithosphere–100 km thick
–Less dense than the material below it so it “floats”
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What is the What is the AsthenoshereAsthenoshere??
• The plastic layer below the lithosphere = asthenosphere
• The plates of the lithosphere float on the asthenosphere
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2 Types of Plates2 Types of Plates
• Ocean plates - plates below the oceans
• Continental plates - plates below the continents
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Plate BoundariesPlate Boundaries
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Divergent BoundariesDivergent Boundaries
• Boundary between two plates that are moving apart or rifting
• RIFTING causes SEAFLOOR
SPREADING
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Features of Divergent Features of Divergent BoundariesBoundaries
• Mid-ocean ridges
• rift valleys
• fissure volcanoes
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Convergent BoundariesConvergent Boundaries
• Boundaries between two plates that are colliding
• There are 3 types…
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Type 1Type 1• Ocean plate colliding with a
less dense continental plate• Subduction Zone: where the
less dense plate slides under the more dense plate
• VOLCANOES occur at subduction zones
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Andes Mountains, Andes Mountains, South AmericaSouth America
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Type 2Type 2
• Ocean plate colliding with another ocean plate
• The less dense plate slides under the more dense plate creating a subduction zone called a TRENCH
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Aleutian Islands, AlaskaAleutian Islands, Alaska
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Type 3Type 3
• A continental plate colliding with another continental plate
• Have Collision Zones:–a place where folded and thrust
faulted mountains form.
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Transform Fault BoundariesTransform Fault Boundaries
• Boundary between two plates that are sliding past each other
• EARTHQUAKES along faults
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San Andreas Fault, CASan Andreas Fault, CA
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Causes of Plate Causes of Plate TectonicsTectonics
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Convection CurrentsConvection Currents
• Hot magma in the Earth moves toward the surface, cools, then sinks again.
• Creates convection currents beneath the plates that cause the plates to move.
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