1

2

3

4

5

The earth is relatively small with limited resources to support a

certain number of people for a given period of time. Natural resources

occur naturally with in environments. Natural resources is often

characterised by amount of biodiversity and geodiversity existent in

various ecosystem. Any material which is part of earth and satisfy

human need and add value is called resources.

Example: rocks, minerals, soil, rivers, plants and animals

Geometry is a branch of mathematics. We can see that the beauty of geometry

in our nature. So that a mathematics teacher can teach geometry with the

help of in our daily life situations. A geometrical shape which may be

either two dimensional or three dimensional.

Symmetry is when one shape becomes exactly like another if we flip, slide or turn it. Mathematical symmetry may be observed with respect to the passage of time; as a spatial relationship; through geometric transformations such as scaling, reflection, and rotation; through other kinds of functional transformations; and as an aspect of abstract objects, models, language, music and even knowledge itself.

6

Geometrical shape

A geometric shape is the geometric information which remains when location, scale, orientation and reflection are removed from the description of a geometric object. That is, the result of moving a shape around, enlarging it, rotating it, or reflecting it in a mirror is the same shape as the original, and not a distinct shape.

Objects that have the same shape as each other are said to be similar. If they also have the same scale as each other, they are said to be congruent.

Many two-dimensional geometric shapes can be defined by a set of points or vertices and lines connecting the points in a closed chain, as well as the resulting interior points. Such shapes are called polygons and include triangles, squares, and pentagons.

A polygon is a plane (2D) shape with straight sides.

To be a regular polygon all the sides and angles must be the same:

Triangle - 3 Sides

Square - 4 Sides

7

Pentagon - 5 Sides

Hexagon - 6 sides

Heptagon - 7 Sides

Octagon - 8 Sides

Nonagon - 9 Sides

Decagon - 10 Sides

Other Common Polygons

Quadrilateral

Rectangle - 4 Sides

Other shapes may be bounded by curves such as the circle or the ellipse.

Curved Shapes

These 2D shapes have curves, so are not polygons:

8

Circle - Side

Ellipse - Side

Many three-dimensional geometric shapes can be defined by a set of vertices, lines connecting the vertices, and two-dimensional faces enclosed by those lines, as well as the resulting interior points. Such shapes are called polyhedrons and include cubes as well as pyramids such as tetrahedrons.

Polyhedra :

(they must have flat

faces)

Cubes and

Cuboids

Platonic Solids

Prisms

Pyramids

Other three-dimensional shapes may be bounded by curved surfaces, such as the ellipsoid and the sphere.

From the nature we say that earth, sun and moon are sphere in three

dimensionally but in the figure they are circle in two dimensionally.

9

We can see that the geometrical shapes in nature as follows

The word symmetry is derived from Greek word “symmetria” which means “agreement in dimensions, due proportion arrangement"

[syn together + Metron- measure]

Symmetry in everyday language refers to a sense of harmonious and beautiful proportion and balance. In mathematics, "symmetry" has a more precise definition, that an object is invariant to a transformation, such as reflection but including other transforms too. Mathematical symmetry may be observed with respect to the passage of time; as a spatial relationship;

10

through geometric transformations such as scaling, reflection, and rotation; through other kinds of functional transformations; and as an aspect of abstract objects, theoretic models, language, music and even knowledge itself. The most familiar type of symmetry for many people is geometrical symmetry. A geometric figure (object) has symmetry if there is an "operation" or "transformation" (technically, an isometry) that maps the figure/object onto itself; i.e., it is said that the object has an invariance under the transform.

For instance, a circle rotated about its center will have the same shape and size as the original circle-all points before and after the transform would be indistinguishable.

Symmetry is when one shape becomes exactly like another if we flip, slide or

turn it. The simplest symmetry is Reflection Symmetry (sometimes

called Line Symmetry or Mirror Symmetry). It is easy to see, because one half is the reflection of the other half.

11

Natural resources is often characterised by amount of biodiversity and

geodiversity existent in various ecosystem. Any material which is part of

earth and satisfy human need and add value is called resources.

Geometry is a branch of mathematics. A geometric shape is the geometric information which remains when location, scale, orientation and reflection are removed from the description of a geometric object. That is, the result of moving a shape around, enlarging it, rotating it, or reflecting it in a mirror is the same shape as the original, and not a distinct shape. Geometrical shape may be of two dimensional or three dimensional.

Symmetry in everyday language refers to a sense of harmonious and beautiful proportion and balance. Symmetry is when one shape becomes exactly like

another if we flip, slide or turn it. The simplest symmetry is Reflection

Symmetry (sometimes called Line Symmetry or Mirror Symmetry). It is easy

to see, because one half is the reflection of the other half.

12

1. http://www.mathsisfun.com/geometry/symmetry-reflection.html 2. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetry 3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric_Shapes