Natural Approach Power Point
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Transcript of Natural Approach Power Point
The Natural Approachin Language Teaching
Theory of Language Theory of Learning
Presenter: Zabihullah Alimyar
The essence of language is meaning. The essence of language is meaning. Vocabulary, not grammar is the heart Vocabulary, not grammar is the heart
of language.of language. Emphasise “Comprehensible Input”.Emphasise “Comprehensible Input”.The Communicative view of language is
the focus behind the Natural Approach.
Particular emphasis is laid on language as a set of messages that can be understood.
Language is a vehicle for communicating meanings and messages
Communicative approachThe focus on meaning not form.Vocabulary is stressed (Lexicon)Formula I + 1
Reflect the cognitive psychology and humanistic approach prominent in the field of education.
This Approach shift the culture of the language classroom 180 degrees and brought a sense of community to the students by their sharing of the experience of learning the same language together.
The Communicative view of language is the focus behind the Natural Approach.
Particular emphasis is laid on language as a set of messages that can be understood.
Language is a vehicle for communicating meanings and messages
Communicative approachThe focus on meaning not form.Vocabulary is stressed (Lexicon)Formula I + 1
Theory of Learning• The monitor model is the The monitor model is the centre of Krashen’s second centre of Krashen’s second language learning theory, language learning theory, late late 1970s 1970s • Distinguish between Distinguish between ‘acquisition’ -- a natural ‘acquisition’ -- a natural subconscious process, subconscious process,
and ‘learning’ – a and ‘learning’ – a conscious conscious process.process.
Theory of Learning
Krashen’s Theory Five Hypotheses
The Acquisition- Learning HypothesisAcquisition is the “natural”
way, understanding and using language for meaning full communication.
No grammatical rulesLanguage learning not to
make mistake, teacher correct once they are found
Acquiring language is successful and longer lasting than learning.
The Natural Order HypothesisGrammatical structures
are acquired in a predictable order and it does little good to try to learn them in another order.
Input HypothesisPeople acquire
language best from messages that are just slightly beyond their current competence: i+1
The Monitor HypothesisConscious learning
operates only as a monitor or editor that checks or repairs the output of what has been acquired.
The Affective Filter Hypothesis
The learner's emotional state can act as a filter that impedes or blocks input necessary for language acquisition.
Quick Review for The Natural MethodTheory of learning - The Natural Approach is
based on the following tenets:Language acquisition (an unconscious process
developed through using language meaningfully) is different from language learning (consciously learning or discovering rules about a language) and language acquisition is the only way competence in a second language occurs. (The acquisition/learning hypothesis)
Grammatical structures are acquired in a predictable order and it does little good to try to learn them in another order.(The natural order hypothesis)
People acquire language best from messages that are just slightly beyond their current competence: i+1(The input hypothesis)
Conscious learning operates only as a monitor or editor that checks or repairs the output of what has been acquired. (The monitor hypothesis)
The learner's emotional state can act as a filter that impedes or blocks input necessary for language acquisition. (The affective filter hypothesis)
References:Cook, V. website
http://homepage.ntlworld.com/vivian.c/SLA/Krashen.htm Krashen, S. (1985) The Input Hypothesis. London: LongmanKrashen, S. & Terrell, T.D. (1983), The Natural Approach, PergamonNunan, David (ed) 2003 Practical English LanguageTeaching
McGraw Hill.Nunan, David 1989 Designing Tasks for the Communicative
Classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge University PressRichards, J., & Rodgers, T. (2001). Approaches and methods in
language Teaching (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
http://www.tprstories.com/ijflt/