Nato Sfp 983828 Full Pr Plan

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SfP No. 983828: SEISMIC UPGRADING OF BRIDGES IN SOUTH-EAST EUROPE BY INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE PROJECT PLAN3

2.PARTICIPANTS4

2.1.Partner Country Project Director (PPD) and NATO Country Project Director (NPD)4

2.2.Project Co-Directors4

2.3.Identified End-Users of the Project Results In Participating Countries5

2.3.1.End-users in FY Republic of Macedonia (FYRM)5

2.3.2.End-users in Albania (AL)5

2.3.3.End-users in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H)5

2.3.4.End-users in Serbia (SRB)5

3.INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS ON THE SAME OR RELATED TOPICS5

4.BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION7

4.1.General Background of the Project (Combined Environmental-Industrial)7

4.1.1.Security Problem Addressed by the Project12

4.1.2.Economic and Social Importance of the Project12

4.1.3.Planned Impact of the Created Project Results13

4.2.Science and Technology Background of the Project14

4.2.1.Planned Scientific Advancements14

4.2.2.Planned New Technology to be Developed and Applied14

4.3.Extended Background of the Project15

4.4.Justification15

5.CURRENT STATUS IN RELATED R&D ACTIVITY IN SEE REGION AND PRESENT WORLD WIDE TRENDS16

5.1.Current Status in South-East Europe, European Union and Worldwide 16

5.2.Knowledge Existing in the Groups Working on the Project17

5.3.Additional Facilities and Expertise Needed to Execute the Project17

6.PROJECT OBJECTIVES18

7.METHODOLOGY19

8.PROJECT STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITIES23

8.1.Milestones, Deliverables and Schedule23

8.2.Organization and Management25

8.3.Institutional Contributions30

8.4.Correlation of Work among Project Teams32

8.5.Training, Travel and Experts/Advisors33

9.IMPLEMENTATION OF RESULTS34

10.CRITERIA FOR SUCCESS35

11.BUDGET FORECAST35

11.1.SfP NATO Budget Tables35

11.2.SfP NATO Summary Table40

11.3.SfP National Contribution Tables41

11.4.Justification of Common Project Budget Items43

11.5.Justification of Project Budget Items Per Co-Director44

12.AGREEMENT BY ALL PARTIES52

13.APPENDIX A1: SHORT PRESENTATION OF PARTICIPATING INSTITUTIONS 55

14.APPENDIX B1: CURRICULUM VITAE OF THE PROJECT DIRECTORS AND

CO-DIRECTORS65

15.APPENDIX B2: CURRICULUM VITAE OF THE KEY PARTICIPANTS AND

SELECTED YOUNG SCIENTISTS BY COUNTRIES76

16.APPENDIX C1: WRITTEN COMMITMENTS FROM THE END-USERS101

17.APPENDIX D1: A COPY OF THE SHORT PROPOSAL OF THE NATO SfP PROJECT107

1.LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE PROJECT PLAN

EC - European Commission

SEE South-east Europe

GR - Germany

FYROM Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

MK - Macedonia

AL - Albania

B&H - Bosnia and Herzegovina

SRB Serbia

UNIK - University of Kassel, Kassel, GR

UKIM - University "St. Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, MK

PUT - Polytechnic University of Tirana, Tirana, AL

UNIT - University of Tuzla, Tuzla, B&H

UNS - University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, SRB

IZIIS - Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology (UKIM)

CEF - Civil Engineering Faculty (PUT)FMGCE - Faculty of Mining, Geology and Civil Engineering (UNIT)FTS - Faculty of Technical Sciences (UNS)

ML-GOSEB System New multi-level globally optimized seismic energy balance system (System for seismic isolation and improved seismic protection of bridges innovative development subject of the present project)

SID Seismic isolation device

EDD Energy dissipation device

HEDD - Hysteretic energy dissipation deviceEDC Energy dissipation component

HEDC Hysteretic energy dissipation component

VCD Vibration control device

DCD Displacement control device

ML - Multi-level

MD - Multi-directional

ML-MD-HEDD Multi-level multi-directional hysteretic energy dissipation device

BR-AVT Bridge structure ambient vibration test

NL-QST Non-linear quasi-static test

DY-SSHTT Dynamic seismic-shaking table test

ReSIN Regional seismic isolation network (planed to be newly established)

2.PARTICIPANTS

2.1.Partner Country Project Director (PPD) & NATO Country Project Director (NPD)

Prof. Dr. DANILO RISTIC, Partner Country Project Director (PPD)

Professor in Earthquake Engineering

Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology

University "St. Cyril and Methodius", 73 Salvador Aljende str., P.O.Box 101

Skopje, FYR Macedonia

Phone:+389-2-3107-701; +389-2-3107-739; Fax: +389-2-3112-163

e-mail: [email protected] website: www.iziis.edu.mk

Prof. Dr. UWE DORKA, NATO Country Project Director (NPD)

Head of Section, Steel- & Composite Structures

Department of Civil Engineering

University of Kassel, Kurt-Wolters-Strasse 3

D-34125 Kassel, Germany

Phone:+49-561-804 2667; Fax: +49-561-804 3275e-mail: [email protected]: www.uni-kassel.de/fb14/stahlbau

2.2.Project Co-Directors

Vice Dean ARIAN LAKO, Project Co-Director, Albania

Civil Engineering Faculty, Polytechnic University of Tirana

Rruga M.Gjollesha, Nr. 54

Tirana, Albania

Tel: +355 42 271 417; Fax: +355 42 229 045

e-mail: [email protected]: www.upt.al

Prof. Dr. DAMIR ZENUNOVIC, Project Co-Director, Bosnia and HerzegovinaFaculty of Mining, Geology and Civil Engineering

University of Tuzla, Univerzitetska Nr.2

Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Tel: +387 61 104 084; Fax: +387 35 320 570

e-mail: [email protected]: www.untz.ba

Prof. Dr. RADOMIR FOLIC, Project Co-Director, SerbiaFaculty of Technical Sciences,

University of Novi Sad,

Novi Sad, Serbia

Phone: +381 21 450 810; Fax: +381 21 458 133

e-mail: [email protected]: www.ftn.ns.ac.yu

2.3.Identified End-Users of the Project Results Participating Countries

The end users of the project end-products and all innovative results, resulting from realization of this innovative SfP project will be the competent governmental institutions, (corresponding ministries) responsible for the project domains and/or for the functioning of the road network in each individual country. These institutions and their related public bodies are dedicated to the successful improvement and development of the transportation systems. The co-directors in this SfP project will establish direct cooperation in each country with these institutions in the course of the project realization. The scientific workshops planned to involve experts in the field and also representatives of these institutions will enable promotion of the benefits of applying the achieved innovative advanced technical solutions in practice.

WRITTEN COMMITMENTS FROM THE END-USERS ARE PRESENTED IN APPENDIX C1:

2.3.1.APPENDIX C1-P2: End-users in FY Republic of Macedonia (FYRM)

2.3.2.APPENDIX C1-P3: End-users in Albania (AL)

2.3.3.APPENDIX C1-P4: End-users in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H)

2.3.4.APPENDIX C1-P5: End-users in Serbia (SRB)

3.INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS ON THE SAME OR RELATED TOPICS

A) MACEDONIA

Ongoing projects

Earthquake Protection of Historical Buildings by Reversible Mixed Technologies (Prohitech) 2004- , EC 6FP, INCO CT-2004 -509119, grant 2,400.000 .

Development of Low-Cost Rubber Bearings for Seismic Safety of Structures in Macedonia and Balkan, 2003- , NATO, SfP 978028, grant 276.000 .

Assessment of Seismic Site Amplification and Seismic Building Vulnerability in the Republic of Macedonia, Croatia and Slovenia, 2005- , NATO, SfP 980857, grant 276.500 .

Reducing Environmental Risk Through Strengthening of Management of Hazardous Waste From Industrial, Agricultural and Military Activities in the Wider Europe (RIMAWA) 2006-, EC 6FP, INCO 012020, grant 25.300 .

Completed projects

Seismic Assessment and Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings, 2001-2004, NATO, SfP 977231, grant 711.000 ,

An Advanced Approach to Earthquake Risk Scenarios with Applications to Different European Towns (RISK-UE), February 2001-2004, EC 5FP, EVK4-CT-2000-00014, grant 2,477.600 .

DATA-BASE - European Project for Establishment of Data Base on Occurred Strong Earthquakes, 2001-2004, Imperial College, London; University of Trieste, Department of Earth Sciences, grant 30.000 .

B) ALBANIA

Completed projects

Seismicity and Seismotectonics of Adriatic Sea, under GSHAP Programme, 1995-1997

Seismic Risk Reduction in the Balkan Area, UNDP/UNESCO, 1981-1992

Seismic Risk Reduction in the Mediterranean Region, UNDP/UNDRO/OPS, 1988-1992

Implementation of Telemetric networks in Mediterranean countries, PLATO-1, 1993-1996

Study of Land Subsidence Related to Hydrogeological and Engineering Geological Conditions in the Regions of Sofia, Skopje and Tirana. UNESCO and Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1996-2001.

Deterministic Approach to Seismic Zonation of Some Balkan countries (Network), Int. Centre for Theoretical Physics Abdus Salam, Trieste, Italy, 1999 2000.

Assessment of Seismic Potential in the European Large Earthquake Area (ASPELEA), Inco-Copernicus EC Programme 1997-2000.

European Network for Seismic Risk, Vulnerability and Earthquakes (ENSERVES), Concerted Action, Inco-Copernicus EC Programme, 1997-2000.

Seismotectonics and Seismic Hazard Assessment of Albania, (SEIS-ALBANIA), Reference Number SfP-972342. NATO Programme, Science for Peace, 1998-2003.

Quantification of Present-day tectonics of Albania, (TECTONICS ALBANIA) Reference Number SfP-977993. NATO Programme, Science for Peace, 2002 2006.

Earthquake Monitoring in Support of Disaster Preparedness in South-eastern Europe, Stability Pact for South-eastern Europe, 2003-2004

Seismogeological Hazard for Cultural Heritage Sites in Tirana-Shkodra Region (Albania) and Sofia Region (Bulgaria), Joint Research Project between the Bulgarian and Albanian Academies of Sciences, 20032006

Seismic Hazard Assessment of Albania, Bilateral Project with Geologic Survey of Canada, Department of Seismic Hazard Evaluation, 2003-2004.

C) BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINAOngoing projects Development of a Monitoring System to Counter Manage the Risks of Subsidence Deformation on the Population of Tuzla (Bosnia), Project number: PDD(TC)-(ESP.EAP.SFP 983305), 2008- , grant 299.000,00.

D) SERBIA

Completed projects

Modernization of Seismological Service; Project: DIRECTE - No NPOA / G10/ 2004-2005; funded by the Government of Slovak Republic; 93.000 EUR

Ongoing projects

Development of Civil Protection Infrastructure for Monitoring of Hazardous Phenomena and Reducing their Impact; Project: IMPART, No NPOA/G65/2006; funded by the Government of Slovak Republic; 87.000 EUR.

Modernization of Infrastructure for Sharing the Data with Civil Protection; Project: ShereDIRECTE, No NPOA/G64/2006; funded by the Government of Slovak Republic; 87.000 EUR.

4.BACKGROUND AND JUSTIFICATION

4.1.General Background of the Project (Combined environmental-industrial)

Recorded during recent strong earthquakes in the world (USA, Japan, China, Turkey, Iran, Italy, etc.) were severe damages and total collapse of very important bridge structures, both, in the metropolitan areas and along primary important local or regional transportation networks. Some typical bridge failure examples are shown in Fig. 1 and Fig.2.

a) Loma Prieta, U.S.A., 1989: M=7.1, Cypress Bridge Failure

b) Tangshan, China, 1976:

Super-Structure Collapse

c) Tangshan, China, 1976: Sub-Structure Collapse

Fig. 4.1. Typical examples of observed severe damages and total collapses of existing bridges in some recent world earthquakes

Generally, it can be noticed that even heavily reinforced bridge piers constructed with large cross-sections have experienced total failure.

d) Kobe, Japan, M=7.2, 1995:

Collapse of Hanshin Line

e) Nortrige, U.S.A., 1994, M=6.7: Piers Shear Failure

f) Kobe, Japan, M=7.2, 1995: (Nishinomiya Harbur Bridge)

Fig. 4.2. Typical examples of observed severe damages and total collapses of existing bridges in some recent world earthquakes

Bridge structures in any region actually represent a well known specific sort of "key" structures, because their collapse gives rise not only to primary losses but also breakage in the functioning of the entire transportation networks, producing heavy secondary losses and disturbances in many other vital activities.

The observed severe not acceptable earthquake destruction of the existing bridges clearly points out that commonly applied classical bridge systems are not able to provide the required bridge safety level. Or, in other words, the observed high seismic vulnerability of classical bridge systems expresses an evident, urgent need for development of a qualitatively improved bridge construction technology in seismic areas in order to increase the seismic safety level of new and possibly increase the earthquake safety of a huge number of existing bridges of confirmed insufficient seismic safety level.

Basically, the high seismic vulnerability of classical bridge systems results from the following two principal reasons:

Improper bridge design for seismic loads, and

(ii)The induced actual seismic forces affecting the structure can be several times higher than those specified in the seismic design codes.

The first problem related to improper design (i) can basically be solved by a common improvement of the expertise of designers.

However, to protect bridge structures against strong earthquakes (ii), it is much more efficient to reduce inertial forces by incorporating qualitatively improved bridge structural systems including seismic isolation.

The applied seismic isolation systems for bridges should generally provide:

a)Reduction of the induced actual seismic forces;

b)Reduction of vibration intensity by increased energy dissipation, and generally;

c)Generation of controlled seismic response of the structure assuring consequently the required seismic safety.

The importance of the second strategy - development of bridge seismic isolation systems, is widely recognized. This resulted in intensive, world-wide research interest in this field and wide application of the developed seismic isolation systems in practice in recent years.

The promotion of new developments in this relatively new research area is particularly based on organized separate workshops and conferences related to such specific topics.

The number of papers in this field presented at international conferences is permanently increasing, which is evident from the published extensive number of conference proceedings.

The leading countries in this area are dominantly those which are exposed to very high seismic risk potential (USA, Japan, New Zealand, Italy, etc.). Considering structural seismic isolation, one should mention Macedonia and its capital Skopje, in which the first base-isolated building in the world was constructed using rubber base isolators.

Significant efforts have been made by many authors up-to-date to promote the practical application of bridge base-isolation systems (Buckle et al., 1990; McKay, et. al., 1990; Billings, et al., 1987; Kawashima, et al. 1976, 1994; Nuti, et al., 1994; Parduci, et. al., 1992; Camomilla, et al., 1990; Giannini, et al., 1992; etc.).

For seismic safety improvement of bridge structures, proposed are up-to-date various energy dissipating devices and different types of bridge bearings (Ciampi, et al., 1991; Marioni, 1994, Robinson, et al., 1982, and many others).

Innovative structural systems and specific isolation devices are also proposed for seismic vibration control of buildings (Mezzi, et al., 1994, Skinner, et al., 1993, etc.), and for many other structural systems.

In fact, this specific earthquake engineering subject is nowadays becoming increasingly popular for practical application, and a significant number of structures are already constructed in the most seismically active regions in Japan, USA, Italy, New Zealand, etc.

However, the behavior of bridge structures with implemented antiseismic systems can be best validated by a real earthquake.

Such unique possibility to verify the behaviour of structures incorporating antiseismic devices is recorded in the case of new bridges/viaducts constructed in Turkey (example Fig. 4.3.).

Fig. 4.3. Modern viaduct in Turkey (a) consisting of 100 spans of 39,2 m, designed utilising single-yeilding ED devices (b) was seriously damaged just after construction (shown view before).

All bridges are made of simply supported, prefabricated pretensioned box beams of 36 metre length. There are 7 beams for each span. The spans are connected up to a maximum of 10 through the concrete slab that is cast in situ over the prefabricated beams. In this way the bridge act as simply supported spans for the traffic load and as continuous up to 10 spans for slow effects (temperature, creep and shrinkage) and earthquake. All the beams are simply supported by free sliding bearings with PTFE and stainless steel sliding surfaces designed in order to accommodate all movements due to slow effects and earthquake. The horizontal loads due to wind, braking, differential friction of the sliding bearings and earthquake are transferred to the piers through the antiseismic devices.

Just after construction, two earthquakes occurred on 17 August and 12 November 1999, ranking Richters scale grades 7,6 and 7,4 respectively and causing over 50000 fatalities. The earthquakes had their epicentres near the Anatolian Motorway between Dzce and Bolu. In this Motorway Section, two major viaducts incorporating base isolators and energy dissipators were strongly hit by both earthquakes. During the 12 November earthquake modern viaduct structures were seriously damaged and reached the critical stage near total collapse (Fig. 4.4.).

a) Observed large and critical 1 meter support dislocation

b) Observed dropping of the main RC beams

c) Applied single-yeilding

ED device

Fig. 4.4. Fig. 10. Detail of failed supports of the main RC bridge beams: dislocation (a), failure in the slab due to dropping of the beams (b), and view of applied single-yeilding ED device.

This unique example shows that the present concept of seismic protection of bridges incorporating base isolators and energy dissipators should be critically evaluated, qualitatively upgraded and technically optimized.

Earthquakes are a major natural hazard for a large part of the European Union territory. The Mediterranean countries in particular have suffered, in the past, from very serious seismic disasters, Fig. 4.5. Sesmic disasters have been proved the deadliest of all the European disasters over the past decade, and cost the continent 27billion in damage alone. Some of the European Union Member States, accessing and candidate countries have a concrete policy against earthquakes and a well-organized network of agencies and research centres that is dealing with seismic risk and seismic disasters.

Earthquakes in Europe: The natural hazards that cause the largest cumulative loss and fatalities in one event are the earthquakes.

Earthquakes are a major natural hazard for a large part of the European Union territory. Particularly, the south-east European countries have suffered in the past from very serious seismic disasters.

Fig. 4.5. Seismicity of Europe: Creation of National, international and European policy for prevention and mitigation of seismic disaster is of primar importance (Fereniki Vatavali, 2003, European Commission, Directorate General, Environment Unit D3: Civil Protection).

On the other hand, the European Union has taken into consideration the seismic risk and thus significant scientific and technological achivements have been reached through various research projects, workshops, conferences and publications that have been followed and/or financed by the European Commission. The importance of citizen protection from risks within the European Union policies is a high priority.

The enlargement of the European Union enhances the importance of earthquake risk mitigation, since the accessing and the candidate states in the southeast Europe are, in general, seismically sensitive countries. As a result, the future efforts in the field of mitigation and prevention of seismic disasters have to be intensified.

The high earthquake risk performing to the transportation networks in Southeast Europe (Fig. 4.6.) and especially the high risk performing to the major existing bridges (most older than 40-50 years and with poor maintenance and safety), represent a common and important security and public safety issue that requires development and use of efficient risk reduction measures to protect citizens, related property, transport functioning and security plans.

Fig. 4.6. The strategic road network of Southeast Europe is located in the region with a very high seismicity.The priority investment projects for international and interurban transport will be mostly located on this network. Primary and secondary roads involve ~57000 km.

The main objective of the proposed research and the overall NATO SfP project is: (1) Development (creation) of a new highly efficient bridge seismic isolation system (ML-GOSEB-System), based on innovative integration of the concepts of Multi-Level Seismic Energy Dissipation and Globally Optimized Seismic Energy Balance.

In addition, several highly important project objectives are also the following: (2) Mobilization of scientific potential in the region for advanced solving of complex safety problems of existing bridges; (3) Closed cross-border cooperation and regional project development approach; (4) Promotion of application of advanced technologies for seismic protection of bridges; (5) Reduction of necessary financial resources; (6) Harmonization of the achieved level of safety and security; (7) Successful application of European standards; (8) Providing of own innovative scientific contribution to seismic isolation of bridges; (9) Motivation of end users toward application of innovative technologies; (10) Providing a general impetus to

The scientific staff and young researchers toward development and application of advanced technologies through successful international cooperation.

4.1.1.Security Problem Addressed by the Project

The present project is relevant to the NATOs policy towards Defence Against Terrorism with providing contribution to improvement of: a) Emergency medical measures; b) Security in food domain; c) Prevention of eco-terrorism; d) Decontamination, etc. The project is also relevant to Scientific Collaboration to Counter Other Threats to Security with contribution to a number of sub-elements: a) Improvement of environmental security; b) Reduction of environmental impact of military activities; c) Water resources management; d) Disaster forecast and prevention; e) Human and social dynamics; f) Promotion and establishment of cooperative cross-border activities; g) Prevention of conflicts, etc.

Fig. 4.7. Position of the territories of the participating countries on the European-Mediterranean seismic hazard map: peak ground acceleration (g), 10% probability of acceedance in 50 years.

The project is also relevant to NATOs policy towards defence against terrorism or countering other threats to security, since it is related to the territories of the countries in the Southeast Europe considered all to be full members of NATO Alliance, but situated in the most severe seismic region, Fig. 4.7. Under such conditions some immediate support for their rapid preparation is of a particular interest at present and also in the future. Seismic upgrading of existing bridges is highly important but at the same time it is a very complex task for realization which should be immediately started and permanently supported.

4.1.2.Economic and Social Importance of the Project

With the application of the end-results of the present project, expected are also some related economic and social benefits and other important benefits, such as:

a) Creation of Conditions for New Complementary Research: The realization of this project will create favorable conditions, not only for successful cooperation in the course of the realization of

this particular study, but also for planning and continuation of further cooperation involving appropriately directed new complementary research in the participating countries.

b) Creation of Conditions for Sharing Facilities: For this specific research area, significant part of the investigation is related to accomplishment of various experimental tests. This cooperation will highly contribute to avoid duplication of costs, not only for the tests themselves, but also the cost of using appropriate laboratory testing facilities, other equipment as well as other direct and indirect costs.

c) Use of Previous Complementary Studies: Taking into account the intensive research activities completed in the field of earthquake engineering and seismic isolation of structures (subject of the present project) under the guidance of the principal investigator from IZIIS, Skopje (PPD in this NATO SfP Project) during the past years, expected is successful realization of this project since the knowledge from the previous complementary studies will be appropriately implemented.

d) Creating Conditions for Successful Future Cooperation: Finally it is particularly important to point out that the realization of this specific joint project will create all the necessary conditions for successful and more intensive future cooperation for the benefit of the participating countries in this important engineering field.

e) Conditions for Acceptance: The initial study in this research area has been supported by the Macedonian Ministry of Science. This particular cooperative project will be an excellent possibility to continue the planned research work in this innovative and important earthquake engineering field, based on cooperative efforts of relevant researchers from the region.

4.1.3.Planned Impact of the Created Project Results

The proposed project is basically devoted to the development of an innovative technology with the capability for successful earthquake protection of both, designed new bridges and what is even more important, appropriate seismic revitalization of existing bridge structures. This fact clearly expresses the wide possibility for significant future benefits for the participating countries, region and wider, in several related domains.

1. Benefits in Scientific Domain:

This innovative cooperative project is expected to highly contribute to creating valuable benefits for the participating countries in the scientific domain including: (a) Quantification of design earthquake motions, (b) Development and modeling of specific seismic isolation and vibration control devices, (c) Improvement of seismic design concept of bridge seismic isolation systems, (d) Development of improved design recommendations, etc.

A specific benefit will be the possibility for exchanging new ideas for continuation of research activities in this important earthquake engineering field.

2. Benefits in Practical Domain:

The development of seismic isolation systems applicable for seismic protection of new and seismic revitalization of existing bridges actually represents a very significant subject which will create particularly important benefits in practical domain.

Namely, the participating countries are exposed to earthquake disasters, and to reduce the seismic risk potential for the transportation networks, more efficient earthquake resistant systems of bridge structures should be developed and applied.

The highly beneficial practical benefit form the realization of this project is evident from the fact that the bridge seismic isolation technology can be applied for seismic protection of new bridges, as well as seismic revitalization of existing seismically vulnerable structures.

A large number of such structures exists in the region and the need for their upgrading based on new technological developments in this field is officially emphasized in all the countries.

4.2.Science and Technology Background of the Project

4.2.1.Planned Scientific Advancements

This project is considered very important because it is primarily devoted to investigation and development of optimal bridge seismic isolation systems applicable for qualitatively improved seismic protection of practically variable types of multi-span bridges. Particular emphasis will be put on bridge systems that are most frequently applied in practice such are: (a) bridges with short (stiff) central piers, (b) bridges with long (flexible) central piers, and (c) bridge structures comprising both, short and flexible central piers.

Some specific studies in this research area were carried out earlier in IZIIS, Skopje (Ristic, et al.) and previous research results will significantly contribute to achieve the planned development results in the frames of the present project and promote new qualitatively improved (and evidently needed) bridge seismic isolation system.

4.2.2.Planned New Technology to be Developed and Applied

Innovative Concept of GOSEB System: To provide the necessary technical conditions for more efficient seismic protection of existing and new bridges, created is the advanced concept of the efficient GOSEB system. The GOSEB- seismically resistant system is based on the concept of Global Optimization of Seismic Energy Balance by integration of the advantages of seismic isolation systems and the new multi-level seismic energy absorption, (Fig. 4.8).

Fig. 4. 8. Concept of The New GOSEB Seismo-Resistant System

Seismic isolation devices (isolators) are available and can be produced of different types. This enables wide and universal application of the seismic isolators in all kinds of structures. The new multi-level GOSEB hysteretic seismic energy absorber will achieve advanced features as to adapting its behaviour to the actual intensity of the input seismic energy. Actually, the GOSEB - hysteretic energy absorber possess the new favorable features of a multi-level earthquake response. For example, if there is no earthquake excitation, the GOSEB hysteretic seismic energy absorber will enable behavior of the structure analogous to the behavior of any traditionally constructed structure. If a relatively slight earthquake occurs, the GOSEB hysteretic seismic energy absorber reacts with a adequate level of dissipation of the input seismic energy, making the structure fully safe and avoiding even micro-cracks. If a moderate earthquake occurs, the GOSEB hysteretic absorber reacts with adequately increased level of dissipation of seismic energy, providing complete protection of the structure. Finally, in the case of the most severe earthquake, the GOSEB hysteretic energy absorber reacts with its full capacity for dissipation of the increased seismic input energy. The needed capacity of seismic energy absorbers should be defined based on advanced analytical models providing design of the optimal seismic performances of the GOSEB multi-level seismic energy absorbers. The multi-level response of the GOSEB system in compliance with the input seismic energy may provide a complete seismic protection of structures, even under the strongest recorded earthquakes.

4.3.Extended Background of the Project

Seismic upgrading of existing bridges along roads of the highest regional, national or local rank will directly contribute to the improvement of the security in each individual country participating in the project (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, FYR Macedonia and Serbia) and will enable, at the same time, enhancement of different security related elements important for the wider region of the Southeast Europe and the European Union as a whole. As stated above, contribution is expected in the area related to defense against terrorism and improved scientific and general collaboration to counter other threats to security.

The present project is considered as relevant and of particular interest because it will provide potential background to achieve several additional important goals such are:

1.Large-Level and Long-term Positive Cost-Benefit Effects by using the Project Results;

2.Possible Extension of the Achieved Project Results in Wider European Areas;

3.Potential Positive Economic Impact in all concretely considered regions;

4Project results will directly contribute to achieving goals in General Regional Security Domains and Related NATO Specific Security Plans.

4.4.Justification

Evident reasons for research need and priority of expected end-results:The development of transportation networks in Southeast Europe (SEE), connected and compatible with the corresponding EU internal networks, is among the activities that are given the highest priority by the EU, NATO and all countries in the process of accessing EU.

Considering the pronounced seismicity, reduction of existing high earthquake risk performing to transportation networks in SEE and especially the high risk related to major bridges (large total number, exceeding 15000; most older than 40-50 years and with poor maintenance and inadequate safety), represent a common and important security and public safety issue that requires development of efficient risk reduction measures to protect citizens, related property, transport functioning and security plans.

Eexpected results: The new ML-GOSEB seismic isolation system will enable: a) Increased efficiency of seismic protection of bridges; b) Wide and simple practical use for seismic upgrading of existing bridges; c) Reduction of economic costs in solving of this heavy road seismic safety problem and d) Introducing and application of a new concept for efficient seismic protection of bridges of vital importance.

a) The results of the project will contribute to improved security in the participating countries: Seismic upgrading of existing bridges along roads of the highest regional, national or local rank will directly contribute to the improvement of the security in each individual country participating in the project (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, FYR Macedonia and Serbia) and will enable, at the same time, enhancement of different security related elements important for the wider region of the Southeast Europe and the European Union as a whole. As stated above, contribution is expected in the area related to defense against terrorism and scientific collaboration to counter other threats to security.

b) The novel aspects of the project are evident in the two important domains:

Domain-1: Instead of complex and costly traditional methods, offered is a novel concept for seismic upgrading of existing bridges based on seismic isolation enabling: (1) Reliable technical solutions; (2) Reducing of the necessary financial resources; (3) Promoting of new physical principles; (4) Drastic reduction of seismic risk; and (5) Continuous functioning of the road systems.

Domain-2: Offered is a new advanced system for seismic isolation. The new ML-GOSEB system represents a high performance seismic isolation system for bridges based on an optimized seismic energy balance.

This has been achieved by integration of: (1) The advantages of seismic isolation by an adopted optimized seismic isolator, (2) The advantages of the seismic energy dissipation by the adopted new multi-level seismic energy dissipation device or seismic energy absorber, and (3) The advantages of the effective displacement control by the incorporated optimized rubber stopper at appropriate locations. This integral innovative concept is characterized by the achieved very high vibration control performances.

The development of the new ML-GOSEB system within this project will include realization of the following main development phases: (1) Development of innovative technical concept (solution); (2) Construction of full-scale prototypes; (3) Experimental laboratory testing of the constructed prototype models; (4) Development of new theoretical models for realistic response simulation of the new ML-GOSEB system; and (5) Development of an innovative design procedure for practical application of the new ML-GOSEB system for seismic protection of bridge structures.

5.CURRENT STATUS IN RELATED R&D ACTIVITY IN SEE REGION AND PRESENT WORLD WIDE TRENDS

5.1.Current Status in Southeast Europe, European Union and Worldwide

State of the Art of the Topic (including references of max. 5 recent relevant publications in refereed journals): The development of systems for seismic isolation of bridge structures represents scientific innovative field with two basic domains of innovative activities:

(1) Development of a new technology by creating new and advanced bridge isolation systems through specific experimental tests and theoretical simulations, and

(2) Innovative practical use of new seismic isolation systems as a qualitative upgrading of the classical concept for the purpose of improved seismic protection of both existing and new bridge structures.

Current achievements in development of new materials, new production processes and alike provided the necessary prerequisites for further improvement of the technical performances of the existing SI systems. The proposed NATO SfP project represents an important challenge for the joint-research team to develop and experimentally verify a new and advanced system for seismic protection of new, as well as for efficient seismic upgrading of existing bridges of different age and diverse materials constructed by use of different design criteria and without adequate seismic protection. The planned innovative research project and the planned project end-results are, in fact, of particular general interest for the entire region of South-East Europe, European Union and Worldwide.

Selected relevant references expressing actuality of the present research:1. Ciampi V. and Marioni A. (1991), New Types of Energy Dissipating Devices for Seismic Protection of Bridges, Proc. of the 3th World Congress on Joint Sealing and Bearing Systems for Concrete Structures, Toronto, Canada.

2. Maria Gabriella Castellano, Samuele Infanti, Gian Paolo Colato, Marco Battaini, The Italian Experience in the Retrofit of Bridges trough Seismic Isolation and Energy Dissipation, 10th World Conf. on Seismic Isolation, Energy Dissipation and Active Vibrations Control of Structures, Istanbul, Turkey, May 28-31, 2007.

3. Danilo Ristic, et al., Seismic Isolation Systems Applicable for Seismic Protection of New and Seismic Revitalization of Existing Bridges, MacedonianUS Scientific Project, U.S. Department of Transportation, Report IZIIS 2000-70, Skopje, August 2000.

4. G.C.Manos, S.Mitoulis, V. Kourtidis, A.Sextos, I. Tegos, Study of the Behavior of Steel Laminated Rubber Bearings under prescribed loads, 10th World Conf. on Seismic Isolation, Energy Dissipation and Active Vibrations Control of Structures, Istanbul, Turkey, May 28-31, 2007.5. Constantinou, M.C., Reinhorn, A.M., Mokha, A. and Watson, R. (1991) Displacement Control Device for Base Isolation of Bridges, Earthquake Spectra, Vol. 7, 179-200.

5.2.Knowledge Existing in the Groups Working on the Project

The partners will integrate their experiences and will produce specific contribution from their own countries within each working task. The involvement of the partners is varying thus reflecting their specific competences, previous experiences in the field as well as availability of laboratory testing equipment. It is envisaged that the proposed approach shall enable an effective realization of the project with assured benefits for all participating countries, region and wider.

5.3.Additional Facilities and Expertise Needed to Execute the Project

The Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology (IZIIS); University "Ss. Cyril and Methodius", Skopje, FY Republic of Macedonia will provide Dynamic Testing Laboratory and the main testing equipment planned to be used for realization of the original experimental testing.

Apart from the possibility to use the other laboratory testing equipment, dynamic model tests can be carried out using the two-componental seismic shaking table installed in the Dynamic Testing Laboratory of the Institute. The size of the shaking table is 5.0 x 5.0 m in plan. The table is supported by four vertical actuators having a total capacity of 880 kN. In horizontal direction, the table is controlled by two actuators with a total capacity of 850 kN. The load carrying capacity of the table is 40 tons of mass for 0.7 g acceleration in horizontal direction, and 0.5 g in vertical direction, simultaneously. The analog control system has the ability of controlling five degrees of freedom: two translations and three rotations, and it has a three variable servo control system for simultaneous control of displacement, velocity and acceleration. The digital to analog conversion subsystem provides generation of controlled time histories. The subsystem has 12 bit digital to analog to digital converter and provides analog input signal at every 0.001 sec. The analog to digital conversion subsystem provides digital data acquisition of up to 32 channels. The subsystem has 12 analog to digital converters and is characterized by a maximum sampling rate of 100 samples per second per channel.

This shaking table and the installed quasi-static testing equipment were used for realization of the previous research projects providing appropriate research data for continuation of the investigations in the framework of the presently proposed study.

d) Skopje, Macedonia, 1963;

Collapse of the Railway Stationc) Outside View of the Institute Office Buildings and Laboratoryc) Validation Test of NPP Equipment on the IZIIS Seismic Shaking Table

Fig. 4.9. The existing IZIIS facilities: a) Skopje destruction; b) Outside view of the Institute buildings and c) Example of an electrical equipment test performed on the seismic shaking table.

6.PROJECT OBJECTIVES

The main objectives of the proposed research and the overall NATO SfP project are:

(1)Development (creation) of a new highly efficient bridge seismic isolation system (ML-GOSEB-System), based on innovative integration of concepts of Multi-Level Seismic Energy Dissipation and Globally Optimized Seismic Energy Balance;

(2)Mobilization of scientific potential in the region for advanced solving of NATO policy related complex safety problems including the principal topic of seismic upgrading of existing bridges; (3)Closed Cross-Border cooperation and regional project development approach;

(4)Promotion of application of the advanced technologies for seismic protection of bridges;

(5)Reduction of the necessary financial resources;

(6)Harmonization of the achieved level of safety and security;

(7)Successful application of European standards;

(8)Providing of own innovative scientific contribution to seismic isolation of bridges;

(9)Motivation of end users toward application of innovative technologies;

(10)Providing a general impetus to scientific staff and young researchers toward development and application of advanced technologies through successful international cooperation.

7.METHODOLOGY

To achieve accomplishment of the final goal of the present specific innovative Project - Development of innovative-advanced experimentally verified technology based on new ML-GOSEB-system for seismic protection of bridges (optimally integrating seismic isolation and new seismic energy dissipation devices), methodological steps were studied in detail and precisely identified. Consequently, the Project activities are organized in a series of nine (9) consistent working tasks (working packages or sub-projects), each one focussing on a specific research topic. Each working package was elaborated in all the needed details. The considered working packages (or sub-projects) and involved tasks are systematically summarized in the following tabular form:

WP1.Evaluation of bridge seismic safety margins and development of advanced methods for bridge state diagnosis and selection of an optimal bridge seismic upgrading technologyTask no.Specification of The Task

WP1.1Study and evaluation of seismic exposure of existing bridges and new planned bridges in Southeast Europe based on available seismicity data (particularly in MK, AL, B&H and SRB)

WP1.2Study and basic classification of existing bridges in the main project related categories by structural systems, material used, time of construction, deterioration degree, possible seismic upgrading options etc.

WP1.3Selection of typical existing bridge prototypes (in MK, AL, B&H, SER) and compilation of essential background data related to structural design, site conditions, seismicity, etc.

WP1.4On-site non-destructive ambient or forced-vibration tests of selected bridge prototypes for experimental investigation of dynamic properties

WP1.5Development of an advanced methods for bridge state diagnosis and selection of optimal bridge seismic upgrading technology

WP2.Development and laboratory testing of the innovative technical concept of the new ML-GOSEB-system for seismic isolation of bridges integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices

Task no.Specification of the Task

WP2.1Development of innovative concepts of multi-level multi-directional (ML-MD) hysteretic energy dissipation devices

WP2.2Design of new constituent energy dissipation components of ML-MD hysteretic energy dissipation devices

WP2.3Construction of full-scale prototypes of the developed and optimized energy dissipation components

WP2.4Realization of programmed experimental laboratory validation non-linear cyclic tests of constructed full-scale component prototypes

WP2.5Formulation of non-linear analytical models of the tested component prototypes of ML-MD Hysteretic energy dissipation devices

WP3.Construction and experimental testing of full-scale models of new ML-GOSEB-system in laboratory under seismic-like loads


WP3.1Design of complete prototypes of new ML-GOSEB-system applicable for seismic isolation of bridges integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices

WP3.2Construction of full-scale models of the new multi-level multi-directional (ML-MD) hysteretic energy dissipation devices

WP3.3Experimental testing of non-linear behaviour of constructed full-scale models of the new ML-MD hysteretic energy dissipation devices under cyclic earthquake-like loads

WP3.4Formulation of realistic experimentally verified non-linear analytical models of the tested ML-MD hysteretic energy dissipation devices

WP3.5Study and adoption of optimal seismic isolation devices with experimentally verified advanced seismic response performances and related non-linear analytical models

WP4.System validation based on laboratory shaking-table tests of bridge models and seismic analysis of bridge prototypes designed with and without the new ML-GOSEB-system


WP4.1Design of scaled bridge model for shaking-table tests based on selected bridge prototype designed with and without the new ML-GOSEB-system

WP4.2Construction of bridge shaking-table test models designed without and with ML-GOSEB-system integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices

WP4.3Laboratory of dynamic response testing of a bridge model with and without new ML-GOSEB-system on seismic shaking-table under simulated real earthquake ground motions

WP4.4System validation based on non-linear seismic response study of bridge prototypes-1 with long (flexible) central piers designed with and without the new ML-GOSEB-system

WP4.5System validation based on non-linear seismic response study of bridge prototypes-2 with short (stiff) central piers designed with and without the new ML-GOSEB-system

WP4.6System validation based on non-linear seismic response study of bridge prototypes-3 having stiff and flexible central piers designed with and without the new ML-GOSEB-system

WP4.7Validation of the applicability of the new ML-GOSEB-system for seismic protection of bridges based on experimental shaking-table bridge model tests and comparative theoretical non-linear seismic response study of bridge prototypes under real recorded earthquake ground motions

WP5.Development of advanced procedure for practical application of ML-GOSEB system for seismic protection of bridge structures


WP5.1Development of advanced general design procedure for practical application of seismic-isolation ML-GOSEB system for seismic protection of bridge structures

WP5.2Development of advanced design procedure for practical application of seismic-isolation ML-GOSEB system for seismic upgrading of existing bridges in seismic regions

WP5.3Development of advanced design procedure for practical application of seismic-isolation ML-GOSEB system for seismic protection of new bridges in seismic regions

WP6.Development of original software, software purchase and validation of the new systemTask no.Specification of The Task

WP6.1Purchase of licensed software for nonlinear-seismic response analysis of bridges without and with seismic isolation and vibration control systems (DIANA/or similar)

WP6.2Purchase of a licensed programming language software (Lahey Fortran programming software (v7.1 + MATFOR/or similar)

WP6.3Development of original software based on obtained experimental test results and its use for full validation of the actual seismic performances of new ML-GOSEB System

WP7.Project coordination activities and issuing project information and research results


WP7.1Workshops and meetings to coordinate and unify methodological approaches; invitation of experts in the relevant topics of the project to these meetings is planed

WP7.2Project web-site design and maintenance

WP7.3Periodical preparation of progress reports

WP7.4Coordination and dissemination of the results among the participants

WP7.5Closing workshop to present the Project results together with invited worldwide known experts. Dissemination of closing workshop proceedings

WP8.Training of young scientistsTask no.Specification of the Task

WP8.1Training of young scientists in: application of advanced and innovative seismic isolation technology for seismic upgrading of existing bridges. Lecturers: invited or local experts

WP8.2Training of young scientists in: application of advanced seismic isolation technology for seismic protection of new bridges. Lecturers: invited or local experts

WP8.3Training of young scientists in: laboratory testing methods (quasi-static tests, dynamic shaking-table tests, ambient and forced vibration tests, etc.. Lecturers: IZIIS experts

WP8.4Training of young scientists in application of purchased software for static and seismic analysis of bridge structures. Lecturers: invited or local experts

WP8.5Training of young scientists in application of purchased software for code-based static and seismic design of bridges. Lecturers: invited or local experts

WP9.Initiative for establishment of new regional innovation network for promotion of seismic isolation technology for efficient seismic protection of bridges and important structuresTask no.Specification of the Task

WP9.1Identification of members of the new regional innovation network for promotion of seismic isolation technology with participation of trained young scientists

WP9.2Identification of supporting governmental institutions in all the participating countries and possible distance-operation mode for continuing research, development and innovation activity as specific and advanced outcome from the present innovative NATO SfP project

Description of the role of Each Participating Group in Working Packages:

Research team from each country will act as separate participating group. This organisation is considered in order to appropriately include specific aspects of bridge structures and other important local conditions. Each participating group is respectively engaged in realisation of various working packages as shown in Table 7.1.

Table 7.1. Description of the role of Each Participating Group in Working PackagesResearch Group from:Participation in:

1GermanyConsultancy: Participation in All Working Packages

2FYR MacedoniaCounrty Part of the Study in: WP-1, WP-4;

Leading Research Participation in: WP-2, WP-3, WP-5, WP-6, WP-7, WP-8, WP-9;

3AlbaniaCounrty Part of the Study in: WP-1, WP-4;

Partial Participation in: WP-2, WP-3, WP-5, WP-6, WP-8, WP-9;

4Bosnia and HerzegovinaCounrty Part of the Study in: WP-1, WP-4;


5SerbiaCounrty Part of the Study in: WP-1, WP-4;


In all participating countries, the bridge structures belong to the public sector and the competency over these structures rests on the corresponding institutions and/or ministries.

The related public institutions and/or ministries will be the end users of all the innovative products resulting from the realization of this SfP project, and will make available all data of interest for the successful realization of the project including data related to: (1) Road networks; (2) Existing bridges; (3) Technical documentation; (4) Data from latest surveys of bridges; (5) Development plans; (6) Maintenance; (7) Priority activities, and alike.

The general flow chart of the Project and work packages interaction is represented in Figure 7.1.

8.PROJECT STRUCTURE AND ACTIVITIES

ANNEX 3a8.1.Milestones, Deliverables and Schedule (Page 1/2)

1st year2nd year3rd year

Milestone: Month:134679101213467910121346791012

1Methodology for bridge state diagnosis and selection of seismic upgrading technology

1.1. Seismic exposure of existing bridges in SE Europe

1.2. Ambient or forced-vibration tests of selected prototypes

1.3. Structural state diagnosis of existing bridges

1.4. Selection of bridge seismic upgrading technology

2Development of new ML-GOSEB-system for seismic isolation of bridges

2.1. Concept of ML-MD Hysteret. energy dissipation device

2.2. Testing of new hysteretic energy dissipation components

2.3. Modeling of hysteretic energy dissipation components

3Experimental testing of full-scale ML-MD energy dissipater of the new ML-GOSEB-system

3.1. Testing of new ML-MD hyst. energy dissipation device

3.2. Modeling of ML-MD energy dissipation and isolation devices

4Bridge model shaking-table tests for seismic safety validation of the new ML-GOSEB-system and the formulated analytical models

4.1. Experimental shaking-table tests of the ML-GOSEB bridge model

4.2. Analytical ML-GOSEB bridge modeling and response analysis

5Method for practical application of the new ML-GOSEB system for seismic protection of bridges

5.1. Development of an advanced bridge seismic design procedure

6Software purchase

6.1. Structural analysis software

6.2. Code-design software

6.3. Signal processing software

8.1.Milestones, Deliverables and Schedule (Page 2/2)

1st year2nd year3rd year

Milestone: Month:134679101213467910121346791012

7Project coordination activities and issuing project information and research results

7.1. Web-site preparation

7.2. Web-site maintenance. Work- shops, coord. and dissemination of research results

7.3. Presentation and disseminat. of the final project results

8Training of young scientists

(Permanent activity in all the phases)

9Establishment of new regional seismic innovation network-ReSIN (for development and promotion of advanced technology for seismic protection of structures)

9.1. Identification of members

9.2. Identification of supporting entities, governmental bodies, financing sources; Creation of seismic innovation technology network

9.3. Promotion of ReSIN as specific long-term benefit from the NATO SfP Project (Coordination of new idea and activities with the NATO SfP program office)

Deliverable Web site of the Project Advanced method for structural state diagnosis Advanced method for selection of bridge seismic upgrading technology Prototypes of new hysteretic energy dissipation components Prototypes of new hysteretic energy dissipation devices Advanced Modeling and Analysis of bridges with new ML-GOSEB system Advanced design procedure for application of the new ML-GOSEB system for seismic protection of new and existing bridges

Reporting1st Progress Report2nd Progress Report3rd Progress Report4th Progress Report5th Progress ReportFinal Report

ANNEX 3b

8.2.Organization and Management

8.2.1.Principal tasks of the Project Co-Directors and key members of the Project teams(Pages: 1 to 6)

A) FYR MACEDONIA

Name of

participant,

location

(city,

country)Affiliation

(institution,

company)PositionInvolvement

in the Project

(% of his/her time)Task in the project

1Dr. Danilo RisticIZIIS, UKIM, Skopje,

FYR MacedoniaProfessor in earthquake engineering & bridge engineeringPPD: General coordination of realization of the project; Decision making for ongoing tasks; Leading and participation in the integral project activities including: (1) Derivation of advanced bridge state diagnosis method and method for selection of optimal bridge seismic upgrading technology; (2) Development and testing of the new components of the ML-GOSEB-system (integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices); (3) Construction and experimental testing of new ML-GOSEB-system; (4) System validation with laboratory model shaking-table tests and seismic analysis of bridges with and without the new ML-GOSEB-system; (5) Development of a new design method for practical application of the ML-GOSEB system; (6) Purchase of licensed programs; (7) Project coordination activities and issuing project information and research results; (8) Training of young scientists; (8) Establishment of new regional innovation network for promotion of advanced technology for seismic protection (isolation) of bridges and important structures (concrete long-term contribution to SE European region from the realized NATO SfP-project); Organization of Workshops to coordinate and harmonize the methodological approach; Preparation of the progress reports; Organization of a final workshop to present the results of the Project.

2Dr. Elena Dumova-

JovanovskaCEF, UKIM, Skopje,

FYR MacedoniaProfessor in structural dynamicsParticipate in realization of project tasks related to bridge dynamics and laboratory testing; Design of energy dissipation components of the ML-MD Hysteretic energy dissipation device; Design of ML-GOSEB-system integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices; Testing of ML-MD hysteretic energy dissipation devices; Validation of the ML-GOSEB-system based on analytical study and shaking-table bridge model tests; Development of an advanced design procedure for practical application of the ML-GOSEB system in seismic protection of existing and new bridges in seismic regions.

3Dr. Svetlana Petkovska-OncevskaCEF, UKIM, Skopje,

FYR MacedoniaProfessor in material scienceParticipation in realization of project tasks related to material science including material selection, design of prototype devices and laboratory testing; Design of the energy dissipation components of the ML-MD hysteretic energy dissipation device; Construction and testing of energy dissipation components; Design of the ML-GOSEB-system integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices; Construction and testing of the ML-MD hysteretic energy dissipation devices; Validation of the ML-GOSEB-system based on shaking-table bridge model tests; Development of an advanced design procedure for practical application of the ML-GOSEB system

4Dr. Vlado MicovIZIIS, UKIM, Skopje,

FYR MacedoniaAssoc. Prof. in earthquake engineeringParticipation in planning and realization of experimental project tasks: Realization of programmed laboratory non-linear cyclic tests of constructed full-scale hysteretic energy dissipation components; Experimental testing of non-linear behaviour of the constructed full-scale models of ML-MD Hysteretic energy dissipation devices under cyclic earthquake-like loads; Realization of planned laboratory seismic shaking-table tests of constructed bridge model with and without ML-GOSEB-system under simulated real earthquake ground motions; Development of a new design method for practical application of the ML-GOSEB system;

5Dr. Viktor HristovskiIZIIS, UKIM, Skopje,

FYR MacedoniaAssoc. Prof. in earthquake engineeringParticipation in the realization of project tasks related to completion of the planned analytical project activities including: Derivation of advanced bridge state diagnosis method and method for selection of optimal bridge seismic upgrading technology; Formulation of analytical model for realistic simulation of non-linear experimental test results; Development of new design method for practical application of the ML-GOSEB system;

6Dr. Ljubomir TashkovIZIIS, Skopje,

FYR MacedoniaProfessor in dynamics & experiment.

mechanicsParticipation in realization of experimental project tasks; Realization of ambient or forced-vibration tests of selected bridge prototypes for experimental verification of structural dynamic properties; Realization of non-linear cyclic validation tests of constructed new full-scale hysteretic energy dissipation components; Participation in experimental testing of non-linear behaviour of constructed full-scale models of the new ML-MD hysteretic energy dissipation devices under cyclic earthquake-like loads; Participation in realization of the planned laboratory seismic shaking-table tests of the constructed bridge model with and without new the ML-GOSEB-system under simulated real earthquake ground motions to evaluate dynamic response and bridge seismic safety.

7Dr. Lidija KrstevskaIZIIS, UKIM, Skopje,

FYR MacedoniaAssoc. Prof. in dynamics & exp. mechanicsParticipation in realization of experimental project tasks; Realization of planned ambient or forced-vibration tests; Realization of non-linear cyclic tests of constructed new full-scale hysteretic energy dissipation components; Participation in experimental testing of non-linear behaviour of constructed full-scale models of the new ML-MD hysteretic energy dissipation devices under cyclic loads; Realization of planned seismic shaking-table tests of constructed bridge model with and without the new ML-GOSEB-system under simulated real earthquake ground motions to evaluate dynamic response and bridge seismic safety.

8Dr. Snezana StamatovskaIZIIS, Skopje,

FYR MacedoniaProfessor in engineering

seismologyStudy and evaluation of seismic exposure of existing bridges and new planned bridges in Southeast Europe based on available seismicity data (particularly in MK, AL, B&H and SRB); Identification of regional seismic sources and seismic source parameters; Harmonization of available national and regional seismic hazard maps; Quantification of seismic design parameters; Definition of representative earthquake input ground motions for advanced seismic resistant design of bridge structures considering distant and local earthquake sources; Training in implementation of the seismic design concept according to Eurocode 8; Participation in regular coordination meetings and final workshop to present the results of the project.

9Mrs. Marija (Jovanovic)

VitanovaIZIIS, UKIM, Skopje,

FYR MacedoniaPhD student. Young scientistParticipation in all research phases during the realization of the project under the guidance of the nominated advisor(s). Training in all the research phases with emphasis on scientific excellence of the study and application of advanced technological concepts.

10Mrs. Jelena RisticCEF, UKIM, Skopje,

FYR MacedoniaCEF student. Young scientistParticipation in all the research phases during realization of the project under guidance of nominated advisor(s). Training in all research phases with emphasis on scientific excellence of the study and application of advanced technological concepts.

11Mr. Isak IdriziIZIIS, UKIM, Skopje,

FYR MacedoniaPhD student. Young scientistParticipation in all research phases during the realization of the project under the guidance of the nominated advisor(s). Training in all the research phases with an emphasis on scientific excellence of the study and application of advanced technological concepts.

B) ALBANIA

Name of

participant,

location

(city,

country)Affiliation

(institution,


in the Project


1Mr. Arian LakoCEF, PUT, Tirana,

AlbaniaVice/Dean, Acc. Prof. in bridge eng. & mechanicsCoordination of the project activities planned to be realized by the research team from Albania; Compilation of national bridge data base including representative bridge structures in Albania; Classification of existing bridges in respective categories; Selection of bridge prototypes from Albania for the present research purposes; Compilation of bridge structural and location related data; Participation in: Realization of the planned ambient or forced-vibration tests of the selected bridge prototypes; Development of ML-GOSEB-system (integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices); System validation with laboratory shaking-table tests and seismic analysis of bridges with and without ML-GOSEB-system; Development of design method for practical application of the ML-GOSEB system; Creation of new regional innovation network for promotion of the advanced technology for seismic protection of important structures; Active participation in dissemination of the project results at national and international level.

2Dr. Niko PojaniCEF, PUT, Tirana,

AlbaniaProfessor in structural mechanicsCompilation of national bridge data base including representative bridge structures in Albania; Classification of existing bridges in respective categories; Selection of bridge prototypes from Albania for the present research purposes; Compilation of bridge structural and location related data; Participation in: realization of the planned ambient or forced-vibration tests of selected bridge prototypes; Development of the ML-GOSEB-system (integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices);

3Dr. Hektor CullufiCEF, PUT, Tirana,

AlbaniaProfessor in structural mechanicsCompilation of national bridge data base including representative bridge structures in Albania; Classification of existing bridges in respective categories; Selection of bridge prototypes from Albania for the present research purposes; Compilation of bridge structural and location related data; Participation in: realization of the planned ambient or forced-vibration tests of the selected bridge prototypes; Development of the ML-GOSEB-system (integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices);

4Mr. Esmerald Filaj CEF, PUT, Tirana,

AlbaniaCEF Assist.

Young scientistParticipation in all the research phases during the realization of the project under the guidance of the nominated advisor(s). Training in all the research phases with emphasis on scientific excellence of the study and application of advanced technological concepts.

5Mr. Spartak TumaniCEF, PUT, Tirana,

AlbaniaStruct. Eng. Young scientistParticipation in all the research phases during realization of the project under guidance of the nominated advisor(s). Training in all the research phases with emphasis on scientific excellence of the study and application of advanced technological concepts.

C) BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

Name of

participant,

location

(city,

country)Affiliation

(institution,


in the Project


1Dr. Damir ZenunovicFMGCE, Tuzla,

Bosnia&

HerzegovinaProfessor in dynamics & bridge eng.Coordination of the project activities planed to be realized by the research team from Bosnia & Herzegovina; Compilation of national bridge data base consisting of representative bridge structures in Bosnia & Herzegovina; Classification of existing bridges in respective categories; Selection of typical bridge prototypes for the present research purposes; Compilation of bridge structural and location related data; Participation in: realization of ambient or forced-vibration tests of selected bridge prototypes; Development of the ML-GOSEB-system (integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices); System validation with laboratory shaking-table tests and seismic analysis of bridges with and without the ML-GOSEB-system; Development of design method for practical application of the ML-GOSEB system; Creation of a new regional innovation network for promotion of the advanced technology for seismic protection of important structures; Active participation in dissemination of the project results at national and international level.

Participation in all the research phases during the realization of the project under the guidance of the nominated advisor(s). Training in all the research phases with emphasis on scientific excellence of the study and application of advanced technological concepts.

3Mr. Besim Demirovic FMGCE, Tuzla,

Bosnia&

HerzegovinaAssistant, MSc, Young scientistParticipation in all the research phases during the realization of the project under the guidance of nominated advisor(s). Training in all the research phases with emphasis on scientific excellence of the study and application of advanced technological concepts.

D) SERBIA

Name of

participant,

location

(city,

country)Affiliation

(institution,


in the Project


1Dr. Radomir FolicUNS, FTS, Novi Sad, SerbiaProfessor in structural and civil EngineeringCoordination of the project activities planned to be realized by the research team from Serbia; Compilation of national bridge data base including representative bridge structures in Serbia; Classification of existing bridges in respective categories; Selection of bridge prototypes from Serbia for the present research purposes; Compilation of bridge structural and location related data; Participation in: realization of the planned ambient or forced-vibration tests of selected bridge prototypes; Development of the ML-GOSEB-system (integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices); System validation with laboratory shaking-table tests and seismic analysis of bridges with and without the ML-GOSEB-system; Development of design method for practical application of the ML-GOSEB system; Creating of new regional innovation network for promotion of the advanced technology for seismic protection of important structures; Active participation in dissemination of the project results at national and international level

2Dr. Zoran BrujicUNS, FTS, Novi Sad, SerbiaAss. Prof. in structural engineeringParticipation in the realization of project tasks related to completion of the planned analytical project activities including: Derivation of advanced bridge state diagnosis method and method for selection of optimal bridge seismic upgrading technology; Formulation of analytical model for realistic simulation of non-linear experimental test results; Development of new design method for practical application of the ML-GOSEB system;

3Dr. Dragan KosticFCEA, Nish,

SerbiaAssoc. Prof. in structural engineeringCompilation of national bridge data base including representative bridge structures in Serbia; Classification of existing bridges in respective categories; Selection of bridge prototypes from Serbia for the present research purposes; Compilation of bridge structural and location related data; Participation in: realization of the planned ambient or forced-vibration tests of the selected bridge prototypes; Development of the ML-GOSEB-system (integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices);

4Mr. Milos BoskovicUNS, FTS, Novi Sad, SerbiaYoung scientistParticipation in all the research phases during the realization of the project under the guidance of nominated advisor(s). Training in all the research phases with emphasis on scientific excellence of the study and application of advanced technological concepts.

E) UNIVERSITY OF KASSEL, DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, KASSEL-GERMANY

Name of

participant,

location

(city,

country)Affiliation

(institution,


in the Project


1Dr. Uwe DorkaUniversity of Kassel, Kassel, GermanyNPD20Evaluation of the project progress and general coordination of the project activities.

8.3.Institutional Contributions

A) MACEDONIA:

Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology (IZIIS), University "Ss. Cyril and Methodius", Skopje

Leading and participation in the integral project activities; Bridge data base compilation in the Republic of Macedonia; Synthesis and harmonization of the earthquake hazard data base; Derivation of advanced bridge state diagnosis method and method for selection of optimal bridge seismic upgrading technology; Development and testing of new components of the ML-GOSEB-system (integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices); Construction and experimental testing of the new ML-GOSEB-system; System validation with laboratory model shaking-table tests and seismic analysis of bridges with and without the new ML-GOSEB-system; Development of a new design method for practical application of ML-GOSEB system; Software development; Purchase of licensed software; Design of the Project WEB site, publishing, improvement, keeping, regular refreshment; Project coordination activities and issuing project information and research results; Training of young scientists; Establishment of new regional innovation network for promotion of advanced technology for seismic protection (isolation) of bridges and important structures (concrete long-term contribution to SE European region from realized NATO SfP-project); Organization of workshops to coordinate and harmonize the methodological approach; Preparing progress reports; Organization of a final workshop to present the results from the Project; Presentation preparation (ppt); Organization of presentation conference and the presentation of the Project results.

B) ALBANIA:

Civil Engineering Faculty,

Polytechnic University of Tirana, Tirana

Participation in theintegral project activities; Bridge data base compilation in Albania; Synthesis and harmonization of earthquake hazard data base; Participation in: Derivation of advanced bridge state diagnosis method and method for selection of optimal bridge seismic upgrading technology; Development and testing of the new components of the ML-GOSEB-system (integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices); Experimental testing of the new ML-GOSEB-system; System validation with laboratory model shaking-table tests and seismic analysis of bridges with and without the new ML-GOSEB-system; Development of a new design method for practical application of the ML-GOSEB system; Purchasing of licensed software; Issuing project information and research results; Training of young scientists; (8) Establishment of new regional innovation network for promotion of the advanced technology for seismic protection (isolation) of bridges and important structures (concrete long-term contribution to the SE European region from the realized NATO SfP-project); Organization of workshops.

C) BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA:

Faculty of Mining, Geology and Civil EngineeringUniversity of Tuzla

Participation in the integral project activities; Bridge data base compilation in Bosnia and Herzegovina; Synthesis and harmonization of the earthquake hazard data base; Participation in: Derivation of an advanced bridge state diagnosis method and method for selection of optimal bridge seismic upgrading technology; Development and testing of new components of the ML-GOSEB-system (integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices); Experimental testing of the new ML-GOSEB-system; System validation with laboratory model shaking-table tests and seismic analysis of bridges with and without the new ML-GOSEB-system; Development of a new design method for practical application of ML-GOSEB system; Purchasing of a licensed software; Issuing project information and research results; Training of young scientists; (8) Establishment a of new regional innovation network for promotion of the advanced technology for seismic protection (isolation) of bridges and important structures (concrete long-term contribution to the SE European region from the realized NATO SfP-project); Organization of workshops.

D) SERBIA:

Faculty of Technical Sciences (FTS)University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad

Participation in the integral project activities; Bridge data base compilation in Serbia; Synthesis and harmonization of the earthquake hazard data base; Participation in: Derivation of an advanced bridge state diagnosis method and method for selection of optimal bridge seismic upgrading technology; Development and testing of the new components of the ML-GOSEB-system (integrating seismic isolation and seismic energy dissipation devices); Experimental testing of the new ML-GOSEB-system; System validation with laboratory model shaking-table tests and seismic analysis of bridges with and without the new ML-GOSEB-system; Development of a new design method for practical application of the ML-GOSEB system; Purchasing of a licensed software; Issuing project information and research results; Training of young scientists; (8) Establishment of new regional innovation network for promotion of the advanced technology for seismic protection (isolation) of bridges and important structures (concrete long-term contribution to the SE European region from the realized NATO SfP-project); Organization of workshops.

8.4.Correlation of Activities among Project Teams

Correlation of the activities among the participating Project teams from the participating countries during the Project realization is given in the following Table:

YearType of activity, data, procedureMacedoniaAlbaniaBosnia & HerzegovinaSerbia

1stYearBasic database of existing bridges; Ambient vibration tests of prototypes; Bridge seismic exposure; Structural state diagnosis; Method for selection of seismic upgrading technology; Concept of ML-MD hysteretic energy dissipation device; Software purchase;

Training of young scientists

Web maintenance and coordination

2ndYearConcept, production and testing of new prototype components for the new ML-MD hysteretic energy dissipation device; Modeling of new hysteretic energy dissipation components;

Concept, production and testing of new prototypes of ML-MD hysteretic energy dissipation device; Modeling of new hysteretic energy dissipation device;



Establishment of new regional seismic innovation network-ReSIN (for development and promotion of advanced technology for seismic protection of structures); Specific long-term benefit from the NATO SfP Project;

3rdYearConcept, production and experimental seismic shaking-table tests of the ML-GOSEB bridge prototype model; Seismic safety validation of the new ML-GOSEB-system and formulated analytical models;

Development of the advanced methodology for practical application of the new ML-GOSEB system for seismic protection of bridges; Development of an advanced bridge seismic design procedure;



Establishment of a new regional seismic innovation network-ReSIN (for development and promotion of an advanced technology for seismic protection of structures); Specific long-term benefit from the NATO SfP Project;

8.5.Training, Travel and Experts/Advisors

An important part of the Project will be education of young scientists from the region, including training programs and workshops. During the training activities young scientists should collect new knowledge on the subject. By making new personal contacts future collaboration between participants should be developed.

The following training activities for the participants in the Project will be organized:

Regional workshop for the national candidates. The objective of this workshop is to improve the knowledge in the project related research topics.

Organizing seminars and working shops.

Travel to international meetings and conferences.

European Conference on Earthquake Engineering (2010 Skopje).

A) MACEDONIA:

Young researcher (Marija Vitanova (Jovanovic), IZIIS-Skopje) short-term training ourse on a project related topic (to be defined).

Young researcher (Isak Idrizi), IZIIS-Skopje) short-term training course on a project related topic (to be defined).

Young researcher (Jelena Ristik, UKIM-Skopje) - training courses on a project related topic(s) - (location to be defined).

B) ALBANIA:

Young researcher (Esmerald Filaj, Tirana) short-term training course on a project related (to be defined).

Young researcher (Spartak Tumani), Tirana) short-term training course on a project related topic (to be defined).

C) BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA:

Young researcher (Mirsad Topalovic, Tuzla) short-term training course on a project related topic (to be defined).

Young researcher (Besim Demirovic), Tuzla) short-term training course on a project related topic (to be defined).

D) SERBIA:

Young researcher (Milos Boskovic, Novi Sad) short-term training course on a project related topic (to be defined).

9.IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RESULTS

Mitigating the existing risks requires integrated and coordinated action in the integral region. The present NATO SfP project is originated and formulated as a pilot joint innovative project by the researchers from both, NATO-Country (Germany) and four NATO-Partner countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, FYR Macedonia and Serbia), promoting and integrating the various key priorities of the current NATO SfP Programme. Development of advanced technology applicable for efficient prevention of heavy earthquake damage and total collapse of existing and new bridges in future earthquakes was challenging motivation to start with realization of this pilot-innovative project. Project activities are organized in a series of consistent working tasks grouped into nine main work packages, each one focussing on a specific research aspect. Implementation of the project results is one of the most important tasks, and it is considered as long-term activity with long-term benefits.

The scientific team members of the Project are experts in the field with relevant and well-recognized technical expertise in structural earthquake engineering. The final outputs of the Project will be available for the practical implementation to end users in all participating countries, including:

( Computer and other technical support developed in the Project along with software packages will be provided to all participating institutions.( Research capabilities in all participating institutions in the Project will be strengthen by establishing of working groups and cooperation within the region.

( All Project Deliverables, Fig 7.1., entitled:

D1: Advanced method for structural state diagnosis;D2: Advanced method for selection of bridge seismic upgrading techonology;D3: Prototypes of new hysteretic energy dissipation components;D4: Prototypes of new hysteretic energy dissipation devices;D5: Advanced modeling and analysis of bridges with new ML-GOSEB system;D6: Advanced design procedure for application of new ML-GOSEB system for seismic

protection of new and existing bridges,

as a crucial output of the Project will be introduced and published locally, as well as in scientific publications and conferences, with included acknowledgement of NATO support.

( The developed new technology should also represent a basic step toward to upgrading of EUROCODE 8 and will stimulate application of advanced technology for seismic protection of existing and new bridges.( Results of the Project will be available to all foreseen end-users and will be applied in all participating countries.

The Project results will have a significant long-term technological contribution to seismic protection of bridges at international, regional, as well as national level for all participating countries.

ANNEX 410.CRITERIA FOR SUCCESS

No.Criteria for successRelavive weight

(%)

1Advanced methods for bridge state diagnosis and selection of optimal seismic upgrading technology applicable for the participating countries15

2Original creation and testing of new optimized energy dissipation components (EDC) and new ML-MD hysteretic energy dissipation devices15

3Development of the new ML-GOSEB System applicable for efficient seismic protection of new and seismic upgrading of existing bridges35

4Experimental system validation: Seismic shaking-table tests of a bridge prototype model with and without ML-GOSEB System under real earthquakes15

5Advanced seismic response simulation of bridges with the new ML-GOSEB System: Application of verified nonlinear models based on unique test results15

6Dissemination of the results5

T O T A L: Advanced seismic protection of new and seismic upgrading of existing bridges by innovative technology applying new ML-GOSEB system by the end-users. Using the advantages of the innovative technology in tailoring new seismic provisions (consistent with the EU standards) for participating countries100

11.BUDGET FORECAST

ANNEX 5a11.1.SfP NATO Budget Tables

Budget for NPD

Project number: SfP - 983828 Expected duration of the Project: 3 years

Project Director: Prof. Dr. Uwe Dorka, NPD

Budget component (EUR)Year of expenditure

1st

2nd

3rd

(F) Travel9500,009500,009500,00

(F1) Meetings and Workshops6000,006000,006000,00

(F2) Conferences3500,002000,002000,00

(G) Consumables- Spare parts1000,001000,001000,00

(H) Other costs1500,001500,001500,00

(H1) Contingency500,00500,00500,00

(H2) Administrative Costs1000,001000,001000,00

TOTAL12000,0012000,0012000,00

GRAND TOTAL NPD36000,00

A) Budget for MACEDONIA

Project number: SfP - 983828 Expected duration of the Project: 3 years

Project Director: Prof. Dr. Danilo Ristic, Skopje, FYR Macedonia, PPD

Budget component (EUR)Year of expenditure

1st

2nd

3rd

(A) Equipment16000,00

(A1) 4 - Instruments (Full Seismic Noise Acquisition System (3-comp.)16000,00

(B) Computers and software5900,004000,00

(B1) 3 laptops2400,00

(B2) 2 printers500,00500,00

(B3) 1 license of DIANA/or similar software (concrete, steel, geotech.)3000,001000,00

(B4) 1 license of Lahey Fortran software (v7.1 + MATFOR/or simil

Nato Sfp 983828 Full Pr Plan

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