Native American Groups of Louisiana Atakapa- lived in southwest Louisiana(Calcasieu Parish)- believed to becannibals their name means Eaters ofFlesh- Both French and Spanish fortswere built on their land- they left theirlands and intermarried with other indiangroups. What is cultural diffusion
Chitimacha-means people altogetherred.)- They were ruled by one male chiefthat inherited his position. Females servedas healers. Intermarried with the Acadiansand inherited the French language viacultural diffusion.They still occupytheir ancestral lands. What is cultural diffusion Why do you suppose that most Choctaw live in Oklahoma today?
Choctaw- 2nd largest tribe in the southeastern U.S. before the Europeans arrived. They primarily farmed but did develop trade routes that are still used today (The Choctaw Roads.) During the French and Indian Wars, the Choctaw sided with the French while the Chickasaw Indians sided with the British. leading to a war between the groups. While most Choctaw live in Oklahoma today, there are still a few Small groups in Louisiana. Why do you suppose that most Choctaw live in Oklahoma today? Andrew Jackson created the Indian Removal Bill which ordered that all native Americans be moved to the land west of the Mississippi River: Oklahoma. grounds. This area would eventually become Baton Rouge (French for
Houma- They were the first native Tribeto greet LaSalle, because of their originallocation near Angola. The Crawfish is theirtotem (tribal symbol). They placed a redstick as a boundary between their hunting grounds. This area would eventually become Baton Rouge (French for Red Stick). RJ and J Paul from Swamp People are Houma Indians. Bell Ringer: What does the term Baton Rouge actuallymean? Which group of Indians might have beenCannibals? Which group of Indians made their home inour area? Natchez- their Grand Village was located near Natchez, Mississippi
Natchez- their Grand Villagewaslocated near Natchez, Mississippi. Theyhad a highly organized class system thatconsisted of common people (stinkards),nobles, and chiefs. Everyone wore tatoosthat showed their social status. RJ and J Paul from Swamp People are Houma Indians. Caddo- The Red River and its tributariesmarked the traditional home of theCaddo. They hunted bison on horses theyreceived in exchange for salt. In 1835,they sold 1million acres to the U.S. for$80,000. RJ and J Paul from Swamp People are Houma Indians. Tunica-Biloxi- were forced into Louisiana bythe French settlers to Mississippi. Theyeventually settled near Marksville inAvoyelles Parish. They lived in family unitscalled clans. Native American Culture: Village- Native groups were organized by tribes or clans headed by chiefs. Your rank in the group was determined by your mothers side of the family. Clothing- wore simple clothes made of available materials such as fur and buckskin. Clothing could include skirts, moccasins, capes, and ponchos. Body ornaments and tattoos were common among the tribes. Religion- Natives were polytheistic and had gods that were based on nature. Government- Most tribes consisted of a war chief and a peace chief. War chief= military leader. Peace chief= tribal matters. Work- Commonly hunted, fished, andcollected plants. Men cleared land,constructed houses, and built boats(pirogues). Women weaved baskets,made pottery and utensils. Theyprepared food and clothing. Shelter- Caddo built rectangular loghouses, filled cracks with clay anddeer hide. The Choctaw made a woodframe house filled with clay and mossalong with a thatched roof. Houseshad no windows and doors facingeast for good luck. Food- Natives ate wild game as wellas native and domesticatedvegetation. They brought corn,beans, and squash to the area fromtrading with Mexican tribes. Bell Ringer Name 2 facts about the Chitimacha andCaddo Indians. Early European Explorers to Louisiana Hernando De Soto- (The man our parish is named after.)-
A Spanish explorer thattraveled theSoutheastern part ofNorth America and wasthe first European toexplore Florida. His travels broughtdiseases to the IndianTribes (groups of peoplewho share commonancestry, language,name, and way ofliving.) 80% of NativeAmericans were killedby European diseases. Marquette and Joliet were fur traders thatbecame the first to explore the Great River(Mississippi River). They were looking for an allwater route to Asia. They traveled all the waydown to the Arkansas River but turned around infear of being attacked by native tribes. Rene Robert Cavelier Sieur de La Salle:French explorerwho had long dreamed of finding a water route to China, hedecided to continue the journey of Marquette and Joliet allthe way to the Gulf of Mexico. He claimed all land drainedby the Mississippi River for King Louis XIV of France. TheLand was named Louisiana.Besides finding the route toChina, La Salle hoped to spread Catholicism throughout theregion. On his return trip, he missed the mouth of the Mississippi andended up in Texas, where his crew grew angry and eventuallymutinied and murdered him. When the other European kings heard ofFrances claim to the Mississippi River, theyhurried to build forts in the area.As a result,France decided to send Iberville and Bienville tobuild a fort near the mouth of the Mississippicalled Fort Maurepas. They chose to build the fort in present dayMississippi for the lumber. Their position east of the mouth of the river wouldallow them to see any passer bys coming from theEast into the Gulf of Mexico.