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![Page 1: Nationwide Survey on Domestic Violence against Women Republic of ArmeniaRepublic of Armenia National Statistical ServiceNational Statistical Service UNFPA.](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022404/56649e295503460f94b16ed7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Nationwide Survey on Domestic Violence against Women
Republic of ArmeniaRepublic of ArmeniaNational Statistical Service National Statistical Service
UNFPA / ArmeniaUNFPA / ArmeniaC-GBV ProjectC-GBV Project
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It is the first nationally representative sample survey on violence against
women and is one of a kind because of its scope, scale, methodology and
the status of the obtained results.
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The objectives of the study were as follows:
• to produce accurate and reliable official and internationally comparable baseline data on prevalence and incidence of major forms of intimate partner and non-partner violence against women and thus to obtain valid estimates about the scale and scope of the phenomenon.
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The objectives of the study were as follows:
• to make recommendations with a view to helping relevant government agencies design more effective and better-targeted policies and interventions to address the problem of violence against women.
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The research in Armenia is a part of the bigger region-wide effort in the field of
GBV data collection.
In Armenia, conduction of the survey was made by National Statistical Service of the
Republic of Armenia (NSS RA).
Technical support for the survey was provided by UNFPA CGBV staff and a
group of International experts.
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Sample Design – sample & cluster size
The research consists of a quantitative survey component providing representative information at 1) Yerevan, 2) other urban
and 3) rural levels.
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The sampling frame for the survey was built using the database of addresses created for
the 2001 Population Census.
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A representative probability sample of 4,720 households was selected for the survey
sample. The sampling was designed in two stages. In the first stage, 236 clusters (with 20 h/h per cluster) were selected from the list of
enumeration areas. In the second stage households were selected randomly.
.
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For Yerevan the sample size of households was calculated as 1,440, for other urban areas – 1,280, and for rural areas – 2,000. The total
sample size was calculated as 4,720 h/h.
The confidence interval was 95.0%.
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The target group for the survey was women in the age bracket 15-59. Thus, all women aged 15-59 were eligible to be interviewed. Interviews/questionnaires were completed
with 2,763 women.
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Stratification
The database of addresses of all households was divided into
48 strata:
•12 communities of Yerevan city (12 strata),
•big towns with 15000 and more residents
(16 strata),
•other urban areas (10 strata),
•and villages (10 strata).
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Questionnaires
The model WHO questionnaire was adapted by experts from the NSS and
UNFPA, as both agencies were responsible for survey design and implementation. All changes were approved by international
consultants and experts from UN agencies.
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The Questionnaire obtained data from women of age 15-59 on the following
• Respondent and her community• General health• Reproductive health • Children• Current or most recent partner• Attitudes• Respondent and her sexual partner• Injuries• Impact and coping• Other experiences• Financial autonomy• Anonymous reporting of childhood sexual abuse; respondents’ feedback
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Response Rates
• 2798 women in these households were identified as eligible for the individual interview, and interviews were completed with 2763 women.
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Data Analysis and National Report
UNFPA CGBV established a group of experts for national report preparation. Participants of
the working group were representatives of:
RoA Ministry of Labor and Social issues, RoA Ministry of Health, RoA Police Department,
NGO community and Academia.
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Preliminary findings of the study are as follows:
Respondents’ understanding of gender-based violence
Overwhelming majority of the surveyed women agree that any act on the part of woman’s intimate partner that results in physical injury and coercion to sexual intercourse is violence (91.5% and 88.8% respectively).
78.5% regard degrading woman in public as violence.
The smaller percentage of them regard as violence the withholding of money (67.6%) or forbidding woman to work (68.4%) or verbal threats (including threats of divorce and injury) (63.5%).
Only 52.7% of the surveyed women regard verbal abuse (including defamation, slander and shouting) as violence.
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Respondents’ understanding of gender-based violence
Urban/rural women91.0% of the respondents from urban areas vs. 82.7% from rural areas find forced sex to be violence.
81.8% of the respondents from urban areas vs. 69.4% from rural areas regard degrading woman by her intimate partner in public as violence.
Forbidding woman to work (68.0% vs. 51.2%), withholding of money (72.5% vs. 54.3%) and of verbal threats (68.0% vs. 51.2%).
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Prevalence of psychological/emotional violence
The data from the present survey shows that psychological violence tops the list, as the majority of victimizations are in this
category:
61.0% of women were exposed to controlling behavior
As evidenced by data 25.0% of the ever-partnered surveyed women said they had been subjected to at least one form of the psychological violence listed in the questionnaire.
24.6% of the women had been insulted by their intimate partners, while only 7.9% were humiliated in front of other people, 5.1% were intimidated on purpose and merely 2.8% were threatened that they or someone they care about would be hurt.
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Prevalence of psychological/emotional violence
Prevalence of psychological violence is correlated with the victims’ level of education:
36.3% in case of women with basic education27.5% in case of secondary general 21.1% in case of specialized secondary 22.6% when victims are women with higher education.
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Physical violence
Physical violence against women perpetrated by intimate partners is less prevalent in Armenia than psychological violence and
controlling behavior.
Thus, 8.9% of the ever-partnered surveyed women said that they had been subjected by their intimate partners to at least one form
of physical violence.
“mild” form of violence - 8.0% of women in this group report having been slapped or thrown something at them that could hurt them.
“moderate” forms: as 4.4% were pushed or shoved, 4.1% were hit with his fist, 2.3% were kicked, dragged or beaten up.
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76.4% to 88.7% of the women physically abused by their intimate reported that they
had been abused
“a few times” or
“many times”.
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Sexual violence
It would seem from the survey data that sexual violence against women is not a widespread phenomenon in
Armenia.
---
Thus, only 3.2% of the surveyed ever-partnered women indicated that they had ever been subjected to at least one of the above-mentioned forms of sexual violence by their
intimate partners.
---
3.3% of the surveyed ever-partnered women reported having been subjected to at least one form of sexual violence.
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Correlation between physical and sexual violence
According to the survey data, virtually 4 in 5 sexually abused women were also abused
physically.
every fifth woman, who is subjected to physical violence, is also a victim to sexual abuse
(at least 20% of those women who experienced physical violence by an intimate partner, were also
forced by him to have sex).
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Thank you
NATIONAL STATISTICAL SERVICEREPUBLIC OF ARMENIA Republic ave.3 Government HouseYerevan 0010Republic of Armenia Telephone: (37410) 524 213Fax: (37410) 521 921 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: http://www.armstat.am