Nationalism in India Ans. Ans...Ans. (i) A commission under Sir John Simon was set up to look into...
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Nationalism in India 95 NCERT Textual Exercise (Solved) 1. Why is growth of nationalism in the colonies linked to an anti-colonial movement. Ans. (i) The colonial exploitation led to poverty and miseries of the people. They shared a common hatred against foreign rule. (ii) Each class and group felt the effects of colonialism, though their experiences might be different. (iii) The British policy of racialism, and policy of divide and rule exposed the nature of their rule and was enough to create national feeling among Indians. 2. How did the First World War help in the growth of the National Movement in India? Ans. (i) The First World War played an important role in strengthening national movement in India. It led to an increase in expenditure which was met by the additional taxes on Indian people. (ii) The War led to a price rise–leading to extreme hardships for the common people. (iii) Acute shortage of food accompanied by influenza epidemic led to famine and misery. The Indians began to realize, that they were unnecessarily drawn in a war which was for the British imperialist interest. This feeling united the Indians against the British who began to demand reforms. 3. Why were the Indians outraged by the Rowlatt Act? Ans. (i) Rowlatt Act was opposed by the Indians as it deprived the people of their civil rights. (ii) It authorised the government to imprison people without trial. 4. Why did Gandhiji decide to withdraw the Non-Cooperation Movement? Ans. (i) Gandhiji called off the Non-cooperation Movement consequent to violent activities of Indian people at Chauri Chaura in U.P. (ii) Gandhiji wanted the movement to be peaceful and non-violent. When the mob set the police station on fire which killed 22 policemen he felt that people were not yet ready for the movement. 5. What is meant by the idea of Satyagraha? Ans. (i) Satyagraha is a nobel method of agitation introduced by Gandhiji in Indian national movement. (ii) The idea of Satyagraha is based on the power of truth and non- violence.
Transcript of Nationalism in India Ans. Ans...Ans. (i) A commission under Sir John Simon was set up to look into...
Nationalism in India
95
NCERT Textual Exercise (Solved)
1. Why is growthof nationalism in the colonies linked to an anti-colonialmovement.
Ans. (i) The colonial exploitation led to poverty andmiseries of thepeople.Theysharedacommonhatredagainstforeignrule.
(ii) Eachclassandgroupfelttheeffectsofcolonialism,thoughtheirexperiencesmightbedifferent.
(iii) TheBritishpolicyofracialism,andpolicyofdivideandruleexposedthenatureoftheirruleandwasenoughtocreatenationalfeelingamongIndians.
2. HowdidtheFirstWorldWarhelpinthegrowthoftheNationalMovementinIndia?
Ans. (i) TheFirstWorldWar played an important role in strengtheningnationalmovement in India. It led to an increase in expenditurewhichwasmetbytheadditionaltaxesonIndianpeople.
(ii) TheWar led toapricerise–leading toextremehardships for thecommonpeople.
(iii) Acuteshortageoffoodaccompaniedbyinfluenzaepidemicledtofamine andmisery.The Indiansbegan to realize, that theywereunnecessarilydrawninawarwhichwasfortheBritishimperialistinterest.ThisfeelingunitedtheIndiansagainsttheBritishwhobeganto demand reforms.
3. WhyweretheIndiansoutragedbytheRowlattAct? Ans. (i) RowlattActwasopposedbytheIndiansasitdeprivedthepeople
oftheircivilrights. (ii) Itauthorisedthegovernmenttoimprisonpeoplewithouttrial. 4. WhydidGandhijidecidetowithdrawtheNon-CooperationMovement? Ans. (i) GandhijicalledofftheNon-cooperationMovementconsequentto
violentactivitiesofIndianpeopleatChauriChaurainU.P. (ii) Gandhijiwantedthemovementtobepeacefulandnon-violent.When
themobsetthepolicestationonfirewhichkilled22policemenhefeltthatpeoplewerenotyetreadyforthemovement.
5. WhatismeantbytheideaofSatyagraha? Ans. (i) SatyagrahaisanobelmethodofagitationintroducedbyGandhiji
inIndiannationalmovement. (ii) The ideaofSatyagraha isbasedon thepowerof truth andnon-
violence.
Nationalism in India
96
NCERT Textual Exercise (Solved)
6. WriteanewspaperreportontheJallianwalaBaghmassacre. Ans. (i) 6April1919,therewashartalalloverIndiaandalsoinPunjabas
protestagainsttheRowlattAct. (ii) Alarmed by the popular upsurge and scared that lines of
communication such as the railways and telegraphwould bedisrupted, theBritish administration decided to clampdownonnationalists. Local leaderswere picked up fromAmritsar, andMahatmaGandhiwasbarredfromenteringDelhi.
(iii) On10thApril,thepoliceinAmritsarfireduponapeacefulprocession,provokingwidespreadattacksonbanks,postofficesandrailwaystations.Martial lawwas imposed andGeneralO'Dyer tookcommand.
(iv) On13thApril the JallianwallaBagh incident tookplace.On thatdayalargecrowdgatheredintheenclosedgroundofJallianwallaBagh.Somecametoprotestagainstthegovernment’snewrepressivemeasures.
(v) Others had come to attend the annualBaisakhi fair.Being fromoutside thecity,manyvillagerswereunawareof themartial lawthathadbeenimposed.
(vi) Dyerenteredthearea,blockedtheexitpoints,andopenedfireonthecrowd,killinghundreds.Hisobjectashedeclared later,wasto‘produceamoraleffect’,tocreateinthemindsofsatyagrahisafeeling of terror and awe.
6. WriteanewspaperreportontheSimonCommission. Ans. (i) AcommissionunderSirJohnSimonwassetupto lookinto the
functioning of the constitutional system in India and to suggestchanges.
(ii) SincenotasinglememberwasIndian,thiscommissionwhenitcametoIndiain1928wasgreetedwithBlackflagsandsloganslike‘GoBackSimon’anddemonstrations.
