National Food Policy Plan of Ac on and Country Investment Plan

Monitoring Report 2013

June 2013

FPMU, Ministry of Food Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh

This document is the result of a joint effort by the: Ministry of Agriculture Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief Ministry of Finance (Finance Division and Economic Relations Division) Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock Ministry of Food Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Ministry of Industries Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives (LG Division and RDC Division) Ministry of Planning (Planning Commission, Statistics and Informatics Division and IMED) Ministry of Primary and Mass Education Ministry of Social Welfare Ministry of Water Resources Ministry of Women and Children Affairs

Coordinated by the

FPMU, Ministry of Food with technical support from the Na onal Food Policy Capacity Strengthening Programme (NFPCSP)

ISBN 978-984-33-7539-1

Published by FPMU, Ministry of Food. For copies/update on the Monitoring Report please contact: DG, FPMU – Khaddya Bhaban, 16 Abdul Ghani Road, Dhaka -1000; dg@fpmu.gov.bd

Printed by Dynamic Printers, 53/1 Arambagh, Dhaka-1000, Phone : 7192771, E-mail : dynamic_531@yahoo.com

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Foreword

The Government of Bangladesh is committed to achieve food and nutrition security for all citizens, especially the most vulnerable. The Government adopted a comprehensive National Food Policy (NFP, 2006), aiming to enhance food availability, access and utilisation through interventions detailed in the Plan of Action (PoA, 2008-2015) and investments specified in the multi-billion dollar Country Investment Plan (CIP, 2011-2015) consistently with the Sixth Five Year Plan, the Vision 2021 and the Millennium Development Goals. The NFP, PoA and CIP articulate measurable results and required resources up to 2015. Achievements so far were internationally recognized in May 2013, when FAO awarded Bangladesh in recognition of its “notable and outstanding progress in fighting hunger”.

This report is the third in the series that monitors implementation of the PoA and CIP, and tracks progress towards the NFP goal. Production of the report was led by the Food Planning and Monitoring Unit of the Ministry of Food, in collaboration with 17 partner Ministries/ Divisions, and with technical assistance from FAO and financial support from EU and USAID, under the National Food Policy Capacity Strengthening Programme. The report drew on 32 inter-ministerial meetings; drafts were reviewed by the inter-ministerial Food Policy Working Group (FPWG), a stakeholder workshop composed of the Government, development partners, private sector and civil society; and it was discussed and endorsed by the National Committee.

The Monitoring Report 2013 shows that the high recognition accorded to food and nutrition security at the highest levels of the Government and amongst development partners continues to pay substantial dividends for the well-being of Bangladeshi people. The CIP budget is now at 9.8 billion USD, of which 6.2 billion USD is already financed; 3.3 billion USD was mobilized since the CIP was launched in 2010 of which 1.7 billion USD was in fiscal year 2011/12. The Government financed 3.9 billion USD (62%) and development partners 2.3 billion USD (38%). As funding continues growing, the challenge is to use it timely and effectively.

At the same time, the report is realistic to the situation in Bangladesh and urges for concerted efforts to do better. Rice production has intensified making the country self-sufficient, purchasing power has increased, people are consuming a broader range of foods, and exclusive breastfeeding has dramatically increased. Mixed signals exist on the NFP’s undernourishment goal; food availability needs to be more diversified, resilient and sustainable; food access needs to be broadened and stabilised; and progress on utilisation needs to be radically accelerated because despite much progress to date, regrettably still two-in-five children are stunted. The Government has taken major steps to address these challenges, including rebalancing fertilizer subsidies, greater efforts to mainstream nutrition across sectors to Scaling Up Nutrition; drafting a National Food Safety Act and scaling up investments for emergency foodgrain storage.

Much has been done, as identified in the report, and much more needs to be done, as also identified in the report. With this in mind, I am confident that this Report will inform and guide more robust actions, ideas and energies towards food and nutrition security in Bangladesh.

Dhaka, 9 June 2013 Dr. Mohammad Abdur Razzaque, MP Minister

Ministry of Food

trition securrity in Banglad

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Table of contents

Foreword ............................................................................................................................................ i Acronyms .......................................................................................................................................... iv Execu ve summary ........................................................................................................................... ix 1. Introduc on .............................................................................................................................. 1 2. Approach to monitoring ............................................................................................................ 3 3. Progress towards NFP goals and outcomes ............................................................................... 7

3.1. NFP goals ................................................................................................................................. 7 3.2. NFP Objective 1 outcomes ..................................................................................................... 10 3.3. NFP Objective 2 outcomes ..................................................................................................... 17 3.4. NFP Objective 3 outcomes ..................................................................................................... 24

4. Availability: progress towards CIP and NFP PoA outputs ......................................................... 33 4.1. Programme 1: Sustainable and diversified agriculture through integrated research

and extension ........................................................................................................................ 33 4.2. Programme 2: Improved water management and infrastructure for irrigation purposes ........ 41 4.3. Programme 3: Improved quality of input and soil fertility ...................................................... 46 4.4. Programme 4: Fisheries and aquaculture development ......................................................... 53 4.5. Programme 5: Livestock development with a focus on poultry and dairy production ............. 59

5. Access: progress towards CIP and NFP PoA outputs ................................................................ 65 5.1. Programme 6: Improved access to markets, value-addition in agriculture, and

non-farm incomes ................................................................................................................. 65 5.2. Programme 7: Strengthened capacities for implementation and monitoring of the NFP

and CIP actions ...................................................................................................................... 71 5.3. Programme 8: Enhanced public food management system .................................................... 78 5.4. Programme 9: Institutional development and capacity development for more effective

safety nets ............................................................................................................................. 83 6. U liza on: progress towards CIP and NFP PoA outputs .......................................................... 91

6.1. Programme 10: Community based nutrition programmes and services.................................. 91 6.2. Programme 11: Orienting food and nutrition programmes through data ............................... 99 6.3. Programme 12: Food safety and quality improvement ......................................................... 106

7. Food security and CIP financing ............................................................................................. 113 7.1. Fiscal space for food security: budgets of key NFP partner ministries ................................... 113 7.2. CIP financing ........................................................................................................................ 117

8. Overall assessment and recommendations ............................................................................... 131 8.1. Overall assessment .............................................................................................................. 131 8.2. Recommendations ............................................................................................................... 133

Annexes ......................................................................................................................................... 137 Annex 1. Comparison of the CIP and PoA output monitoring indicators ...................................... 138 Annex 2. Composition of Thematic Teams .................................................................................. 144 Annex 3. Cost and financing of the CIP ....................................................................................... 145 Annex 3.1. CIP budget revisions .................................................................................................. 148 Annex 3.2. Number and average budget of projects in CIP 2013 by subprogramme .................... 150 Annex 3.3. CIP Budget 2013 and delivery in fiscal year 2011/12 by subprogramme .................... 152 Annex 3.4. Ongoing and completed CIP projects as of June 2012 ............................................... 156 Annex 3.5. Projects in the CIP pipeline as of June 2012 (updated Table 4.6 of CIP 2011) ............. 194

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Acronyms

ADP Annual Development Programme AEU Aid Effectiveness Unit AI Artificial Insemination AIS Agriculture Information Service AIMS Aid Information Management System ANC Antenatal Care AusAid Australian Agency for International Development AoI Area of Intervention ATIs Agricultural Training Institutions BADC Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation BARD Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development BARC Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council BARI Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute BAU Bangladesh Agricultural University BB Bangladesh Bank BBF Bangladesh Breastfeeding Foundation BBS Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics BCC Behavioural Change Communication BCIC Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation BDHS Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey BER Bangladesh Economic Review BHE Bureau of Health Education BFDC Bangladesh Fisheries Development Corporation BFRI Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute BIDS Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies BIHS Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey BINA Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture BIRDEM Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and

Metabolic Disorders BJRI Bangladesh Jute Research Institute BLRI Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute BMDA Barendra Multipurpose Development Authorities BMS Breast Milk Substitutes BRAC Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee BRDB Bangladesh Rural Development Board BRRI Bangladesh Rice Research Institute BSRI Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute BSTI Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institute BWDB Bangladesh Water Development Board CARS Centre for Advanced Research in Sciences CBN Cost of Basic Needs CD Cooperative Department CDC Centre for Disease Control CED Chronic Energy Deficiency CFPR Challenging the Frontiers of Poverty Reduction CIMMYT International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center

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CPI Consumer Price IndexCPRC Chronic Poverty Research Center CIP

Country Investment Plan : A Roadmap Towards Investment in Agriculture, Food Security and Nutrition

CMAM Community Management of Acute MalnutritionCMNS Child and Mother Nutrition Survey CNU Child Nutrition Units CSISA Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia DAE Department of Agricultural ExtensionDAM Department of Agricultural Marketing DAMA Department of Agricultural Marketing and Agribusiness DCI Direct Calorie Intake DDP Desirable Dietary Pattern DEI Dietary Energy Intake DES Dietary Energy Supply DFID UK Department for International Development DGFP Directorate General of Family Planning DGHS Directorate General of Health Services DoF Department of Fisheries DoForestry Department of Forestry DLS Department of Livestock Services DMB Disaster Management Bureau DPHE Department of Public Health EngineeringDP Development Partner DPP Development Project Proposal DRF Development Result Framework (of the 6th FYP) DRR Directorate of Relief and Rehabilitation DSS Department of Social Services DU Dhaka University DWA Department of Women AffairsECRRP Emergency 2007 Cyclone Recovery and Restoration Project EGP Employment Generation Programme EEP Economic Empowerment of the Poorest EKN Embassy of the Kingdom of NetherlandsERD Economic Relations Division EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FBCCI Federation of Bangladesh Chambers of Commerce and Industry FCD Food Composition DatabaseFCT Food Composition Tables FPMC Food Planning and Monitoring Committee FPMU Food Planning and Monitoring Unit FPWG Food Policy Working Group FSNIS Food Security and Nutrition Information SystemFSNSP Food Security Nutritional Surveillance Programme FYP Five Year Plan GAFSP Global Agriculture and Food Security Programme GAM Global Acute Malnutrition

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GHP Good Hygienic Practices GDP Gross Domestic Product GIZ Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GoB Government of Bangladesh GMP Good Manufacturing PracticesGR Gratuitous Relief HACCP Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point HFSNA Household Food Security and Nutrition Assessment HIES Household Income and Expenditure Survey HILIP Haor Infrastructure and Livelihood Improvement Project HKI Helen Keller International HPNSDP Health, Population and Nutrition Sector Development Programme HSDP Health Sector Development Programme IAPP Integrated Agricultural Productivity Project IEC Information, Education and Communication IDA Iron Deficiency Anemia ICDDR,B International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease and Research, Bangladesh ICN International Conference on Nutrition ICT Information and Communication Technology IDD Iodine Deficiency Disorders IEDCR Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research IFA Iron Folate Supplementation IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development IPC Integrated Phase Classification IFPRI International Food Policy Research Institute IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPPC International Plant Protection Convention IPH Institute of Public Health IPHN Institute of Public Health and Nutrition IPM Integrated Pest Management IMCI Integrated Management of Childhood Illness IMED Implementation Monitoring and Evaluation Division INFS-DU Institute of Nutrition and Food Science – Dhaka University IYCF Infant and Young Child Feeding JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency LANSA Leveraging Agriculture for Nutrition in South Asia LCG-AFSRD Local Consultative Group on Agriculture, Food Security and Rural Development LGD Local Government Division LGED Local Government Engineering Department LPL Lower Poverty Line MAPP Micro-enterprise and Agricultural Promotion Project MCHTA Ministry of Chittagong Hill Tracts Affairs MICS Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys MoA Ministry of AgricultureMoC Ministry of Commerce MoDMR Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief MoEF Ministry of Environment and ForestsMoF Ministry of Finance

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MoFood Ministry of Food MoFL Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock MoHFW Ministry of Health and Family Welfare MoI Ministry of Industries MoLGRD&C Ministry of Local Government, Rural Development and Cooperatives MoP Muriate of Potash MoWR Ministry of Water Resources MoSW Ministry of Social Welfare MoWCA Ministry of Women and Children Affairs MTBF Medium Term Budgetary Framework NAEP National Agricultural Extension Policy NAPA National Adaptation Programme of Action NARS National Agricultural Research System NC National Committee NCD Non Communicable Diseases NCHS National Center for Health Statistics NFP National Food Policy NFPCSP National Food Policy Capacity Strengthening Programme NFP PoA National Food Policy Plan of Action NFNP National Food and Nutrition Policy NHSBD Nutrition, Health and Demographic Survey of Bangladesh NIPU Nutrition Information Management Unit NMSS National Micronutrient Status Survey NPAN National Plan of Action for Nutrition NGOs Non Governmental Organizations NNP National Nutrition Programme NNS National Nutrition Services NSAPR National Strategy for Accelerated Poverty Reduction NSDS National Strategy for Development of Statistics NSPS National Social Protection Strategy NSS National Statistical System NWG Nutrition Working Group OMS Open Market Sales OP Operational Plan ORS Oral Rehydration Solution PA Project Assistance PMO Prime Minister’s Office PoA Plan of Action PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper RDA Rural Development Academy RDCD Rural Development and Cooperatives Division RDRS Rangpur Dinajpur Rural Service REACH Renewed Efforts Against Child Hunger REOPA Rural Employment Opportunities for Public Assets RGS Research Grants Scheme of the NFPCSP SAAO Sub-Assistant Agricultural Officer SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation SAFANSI South Asia Food and Nutrition Security Initiative

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SAM Severe Acute MalnutritionSFYP Sixth Five Year Plan SMART Specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound SMILE Sustainable Market Infrastructure for Livelihoods Enhancement SPA Strategic Partnership Arrangement SPEMP Strengthening Public Expenditure Management Programme SPRING Strengthening Partnerships, Results and Innovations in Nutrition Globally SRDI Soil Resource Development Institute SSN Social Safety Net SUN Scaling Up NutritionTPP Technical Assistance Project Proposal TSP Triple Super Phosphate TT Thematic Team TVET Technical and Vocational Education and TrainingUNDP United Nations Development Programme UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund UPL Upper Poverty Line USAID United States Agency for International Development USG Urea Super Granule VGD Vulnerable Group Development VGF Vulnerable Group Feeding WFP World Food Programme

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Executive summary

The National Food Policy (NFP) provides strategic guidance for achieving food and nutrition security in Bangladesh. The NFP Plan of Action (PoA) translates this into 26 Areas of Intervention (AoI) for the period 2008 to 2015. The Bangladesh Country Investment Plan: A road map towards investment in agriculture, food security and nutrition (CIP) identifies 12 investment programs to ensure implementation of the PoA. Implementation mechanisms and responsibilities across Government are specified in the NFP PoA Section I.4 and Part II, respectively.

Progress towards NFP goals The goal of the NFP is to ensure dependable, sustained food security for all people of the country at all times. According to FAO estimates, in Bangladesh the MDG hunger target has been reached in terms of proportion of people below the minimum level of dietary energy consumption (under-nourishment), but has slowly worsened since the PoA began implementation, despite a slight improvement in the monitored year. At national level progress in this indicator is measured through the DCI poverty estimates. These have not been made available from the HIES 2010, but projecting the trend emerging from the previous two HIES surveys, the undernourishment target appears to be out of reach. The other two indicators to measure progress towards the NFP goal - underweight and stunting amongst under-5 year old children- have continued to decline and the targets fixed for 2015 appear achievable if the past rates of decline are sustained.

In the Results Framework of the SFYP, progress towards targets on CBN poverty declined in 2010 with no estimates available after then (although some drivers of poverty reduction appear to have slowed – see Chapter 3); growth was registered in agricultural GDP and rice wage, but these are lower than previous years and below their targets; and government spending on social protection as a share of GDP dropped and was below target. In sum, a number of points of caution in the assessment for 2011/12, against a backdrop of successes in earlier years, indicate the importance to protect previous gains and to re-double efforts to ensure that the pace of progress is sufficient to achieve NFP targets by the 2015 deadline.

Progress towards NFP outcomes Availability: Agricultural GDP (excluding forestry) growth slowed in 2011/12 and was below target, mainly owing to slower cereal production growth. Rice import dependency decreased steadily, consistent with the Government’s self-sufficiency objective, and instability of rice production decreased to its lowest yet, but both remain above their targets of 0%. The share of rice value added in total food value added declined over the last year but shows no clear trend since the PoA began implementation, and hence little indication of diversification.

Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Promote intensification, sustainability and resilience to ensure rice production

growth outpaces consumption growth through productivity gains rather than land expansion;

Bring more unused land under cultivation in coastal areas;

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Scale up diversification into fisheries, livestock and high value crops through a range of interventions in the value-chain from the producer to the consumer;

Better tailor interventions towards small and marginal farmers, particularly for production diversification;

Promote research and extension towards climate change adaptation; Conserve soil fertility, arable land and groundwater; Promote agricultural mechanization to address emerging agricultural labour scarcity.

Access: Poverty continued to decline by 1.7% per year. There has been little improvement in income inequality. The annual change in national wages expressed in terms of rice increased. Food inflation declined and fell below general inflation in 2011/12. Men still earn more than women, although a marginal decline was registered.

Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Promote people's right to food in line with the Constitutional provisions and

international treaty obligations; Protect migrants, including rural-to-urban migrants; Address regional and seasonal dimensions of poverty and shocks; Increase decent employment, particularly in non-farm sectors, through skill

development; Reduce income inequality through pro-poor growth and asset creation.

Utilisation: The share of dietary energy supply and intake from cereals remains far above their recommended targets of 60%. Average caloric intake is below requirements and increased only slightly in 15 years. Women’s chronic energy deficiency reduced. The proportion of children receiving minimum acceptable diet decreased using the stricter definition of complementary feeding. However, recent surveys show some improvement. The increasing trend in consumption of iodized salt has slowed in recent years, and there are concerns about quality assurance.

Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Strengthen implementation of National Nutrition Services through better multi-

sectoral coordination; Enhance women’s role in agriculture and nutrition; Implement the Non Communicable Disease strategy; Ensure food safety and promote hygiene.

Output monitoring: CIP programmes and associated NFP PoA Areas of Intervention Research and extension: The development of new crops varieties accelerated for rice, wheat, pulses, vegetables and potato, remained stable for oilseeds and decelerated for fruit and maize. There was little change in the numbers of farmers trained on sustainable agricultural practices. The share of rice in total cropped area remained stable while the area planted with HYV rice continued expanding, though at a reduced speed. Production growth slowed down for rice and wheat, but picked up for vegetables. A bumper harvest was registered for maize. What little agricultural diversification occurred in the past decade has been between paddy and minor crops.

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Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Strengthen research sustainably and effectively implement the Bangladesh

Agricultural Research Vision 2030 and the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council Act 2011;

Improve agricultural extension services, especially on technology adoption, community-based learning and promotion of sustainable agriculture, including implementation of the Southern Delta Master Plan;

Strengthen human and infrastructural capacities of organizations engaged in the delivery of extension services, and effectively implement the National Agricultural Extension Policy 2012;

Increase public spending in agricultural research, which is low in Bangladesh compared to neighbouring countries;

Strengthen linkages among research, extension, education and farmers, and; Strengthen the One Stop Service Centre, farmers’ participation and the use of ICT in

extension services. Water management and irrigation: The area cropped under irrigation has increased whilst the contribution of surface water fell and the groundwater table deepened since 1981, although the situation improved slightly in 2011. The share of irrigation in boro production cost declined since 2007/08.

Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Enhance river water flow through dredging and international water-sharing treaty; Promote sustainable and efficient groundwater use by formulating detailed water

budgets for main water basins; gradually shifting farmers from boro to higher value crops in critical basins; managing aquifer recharge and adapting it to different contexts nationwide; conserving water in canals, ponds, khals, and water bodies; reducing salinity and its impact in the South; and quantifying and qualifying arsenic and other physical, chemical and biological contaminants to develop prevention and mitigation options;

Control flood and river erosion through floodplain zoning, planned urbanization, restoration of abundant channels, dredging of rivers and streams, increased elevations of roads and village platforms, building of efficient storm sewer systems, establishment of buffer zones along rivers, conservation tillage, controlled runoff near construction sites, adjustment of life-style and crop patterns, good governance, and improvement in flood warning/preparedness systems.

Inputs and soil fertility: Year-on-year fluctuations in the supply of improved seed as a percentage of agronomic requirements have persisted since 2007/8, although the supply increased between 2010/11 and 2011/12 for all monitored crops except rice, maize and vegetables. Seed quality remains an issue. Fertilizer subsidies - the largest element of public expenditure in agriculture- increased from 35.3 billion taka in 2007/08 to 69.5 billion taka in 2011/12 and allocation was substantially rebalanced among the various nutrients. This has positively influenced fertilizer use and is reflected in the mixed trends observed for the share of supply relative to agronomic requirement: reductions in urea increases in TSP with a significant convergence since the baseline. Yields have increased for most crops. Among fruits, relatively high yield variability is observed: while growth prevailed for guava and

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mango, yields declined for pineapple, jackfruit and, quite consistently for banana. Agricultural credit disbursement continues to increase substantially year-on-year.

Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Strengthen production and distribution of quality seed, particularly through capacity

strengthening of the Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation and Seed Certification Agency;

Reinforce quality control and promote private sector participation in production and distribution of improved seeds as well as in establishing voluntary certifications;

Train farmers on quality seed production; Rebalance fertilizer subsidy and move towards ensuring quality of supply and quality

controls; Strengthen training on balanced fertiliser use, and promote USG technology and

organic fertilizer; Improve pest management by scaling up efforts of DAE and other extension

agencies; Reintroduce crop insurance as a potential risk management strategy against extreme

shocks.

Fisheries and aquaculture: Fishery expanded faster than other agricultural subsectors, with the share of fishery value added on agricultural GDP increasing by 0.6 percentage point and reaching almost a quarter of total agricultural value added. This is an encouraging sign of diversification. Fish production was one of the best since the PoA baseline year, with a growth of 6.5%, and with significant exports.

Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Increase productivity through improved technology, better management and further

investment in the sector; Implement a national breeding plan and law on hatchery management, to prevent

genetic deterioration, which is a main obstacle to increasing aquaculture production; Enhance extension and training based on well-defined roles for fishers, fish farmers,

shrimp farmers, aratdars, wholesalers, transporters, depot holders, processors, retailers, fish vendors, and other market actors;

Strengthen the Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute and the Bangladesh Fisheries Development Corporation;

Reinforce community based co-management for sustainable wet lands management and maximize the role of fishery in livelihoods of the poor;

Minimize the impacts of shrimp culture on soil quality and biodiversity; Promote alternate rice-fish farming system through an integrated approach

cognizant of the interactions between rice cultivation, other crop cultivation, and fish farming in line with small holder livelihood strategies;

Manage effectively open water fisheries resources.

Livestock development: Livestock production increased. The share of livestock value added in agriculture GDP (excluding forestry) remained unchanged at 14.1% in 2011, in contrast with slow decline observed previously. Encouraging growth was observed for the production of eggs, milk and meat. Poultry death due to highly pathogenic avian influenza dropped markedly in 2011/12 after booming in 2009/10 and 2010/11. Artificial insemination, a key

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factor for improving livestock breeds, accelerated in 2011/12, after a slow-down observed in 2010/11, confirming an overall satisfactory progress since 2007/08.

Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Ensure supply of quality feed and fodder, especially by better enforcement of the

Animal and Fish Feed Act, establishment of testing laboratories and use of Government and other fallow land;

Diversify supply and monitor private sector production and marketing of vaccines; Initiate properly monitored cross breeding and selective breeding programmes; Improve the productivity of goats, recognizing that programmes for scientific

breeding, genetic improvement and conservation of local goat are practically absent; Improve bio-security in poultry farms as well as in markets; Improve marketing of livestock and livestock products and development of the value

chain.

Access to markets and value addition: There is an observable increase in the mark-up of retail on farm gate prices between 2010/11 and 2011/12. The price mark-up for fertilizers remains relatively stable. The number of rural markets developed in 2011/12 declined compared to the exceptionally high number registered in 2010/11. Wage difference between males and females in agriculture continued declining slightly, but still remains around 40%. Growth of value added in small scale manufacturing exceeded overall GDP growth. The provisional real GDP growth rate of small scale manufacturing stands at 7.1% in 2011-12, well above the final estimate of growth in 2010/11, which is unusually low compared to the average annual performance. Enrolment of students in technical and vocational education and training continued to increase from 89,637 in 2007-08 to 144,904 in 2011-12, representing an annual average increase by about 12%.

Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Develop and maintain rural marketing and transportation infrastructure; Further reinforce synergies between infrastructure development and safety net

programmes; Promote development of cold storage and transportation facilities; Expand skill development facilities focusing on non-crop and non-agricultural

activities; Minimize wage differentials between males and females in agriculture; Strengthen farmers’ organizations to ensure remunerative prices to farmers.

Implementation and monitoring of the NFP and CIP: The Government’s institutional arrangements are operating for implementing, coordinating and monitoring the NFP PoA and CIP, with TT meetings regularly held. Although CIP delivery increased from 48% in 2010/11 to 51% in 2011/12 of the available funds, it is slower than required. During 2011/12, 65 new projects were initiated, valued at 1,591 million USD, out of a total additional financing of 1,712 million USD, with revisions to the budgets of ongoing projects accounting for the balance of 121 million USD. Additional resources mobilised under newly initiated and ongoing projects increased from 1,616 million USD to 1,712 million USD.

Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Increase efforts to institutionalise the annual monitoring process within FPMU; Increase efforts to scale up and strengthen implementation of the CIP and PoA;

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Increase awareness and build capacity of GoB and DPs on input data coverage timeliness, consistency and accuracy;

Strengthen capacity for the inclusion of civil society and community based organisations in the implementation of the CIP.

Public food management: Public foodgrain storage capacity has increased to manage price volatility induced by vulnerability to natural disasters and fluctuations in price increases. Effective grain storage capacity increased, reaching 1.62 million metric tons in 2011/12 with a significant increase on the previous year that constitutes acceleration in the slowly increasing trend observed since the food price crises. Actual annual domestic procurement has varied over the past years. In 2011/12, total procurement was 0.98 million metric tons (mmt) compared to 0.56 mmt in 2010/11 and 1.20 mmt in 2009/10. Open market sales (OMS) has contributed to stabilizing consumer prices and after a considerable scaling up during the price surge of 2010/11, has been reduced in 2011/12.

Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Expedite construction of enhanced storage facilities; Introduce country-wide computerized food stock monitoring system; Estimate annual private foodgrain stocks for effective food planning; Develop an effective early warning information system; Increase effectiveness of domestic procurement.

Effective safety nets: Social safety net spending is shrinking as a share of GDP, total Government spending and total social protection spending. Budget coverage of VGF decreased, while the VGD remained steady. The quantity of food distributed under VGF and GR increased from 147,853 MT in 2010/11 to 209,367 MT in 2011/12. Using HIES 2010 data on SSNPs, 9.9% are poor beneficiary households, 56.6% are non-poor non-beneficiary households; on average beneficiary households received less than 100 taka per month, and if the benefits were deducted, the poverty rate would increase by 2 percentage points.

Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Simplify targeting criteria and reduce leakages; Finalise the National Social Protection Strategy; Enhance capacity to implement safety nets; Adjust safety net interventions to enhance resilience to climate change; Enhance safety nets operations during lean seasons; Integrate graduation strategies into safety net programmes; Design social protection interventions to support migration.

Community-based nutrition: Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months increased, helped by paid maternity leave for 6 months, part time work arrangements, facilities for expressing and storing breast milk and breastfeeding breaks. Home gardens need enhanced resilience to land degradation, water scarcity, bio-security (especially avian flu), and climate change to support its further expansion. Dietary energy supply is not diversifying. Average per capita consumption of all food groups, except cereals, increased between 1995 and 2010. Acute malnutrition (wasting) slightly improved, while severe wasting deteriorated. Marginal progress is noted for antenatal coverage. Bangladesh is an exemplary case of the increasing momentum for nutrition advocacy that is fostering and supporting Government

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commitment to SUN. Joint government and research initiatives, notably the CGIAR research programme, LANSA, SAFANSI, MDGF Programme and SPRING are examples of nutrition sensitive interventions in agriculture.

Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Scale up Infant and Young Child Feeding practices; Strengthen biodiversity for healthy diets and nutrition, including indigenous foods

and species; Promote school feeding and nutrition gardens; Ensure implementation of the BMS code; Revitalize of Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative to promote, protect and support

breastfeeding; Strengthen fortification initiatives and the National Fortification Alliance.

Data for improved nutrition: The number of BCC activities increased in 2011/12. Desirable dietary patterns have been established and food consumption tables have been updated through research commissioned by FPMU and technically supported by NFPCSP–FAO. Several new sources of survey data and analyses are available. FSNSP is now working towards a sustainable institutionalization plan to integrate surveillance into the activities of BBS, FPMU, NNS and related partners.

Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Monitor impacts of food security and nutrition interventions; Promote convergence among information systems; Institutionalize food security and nutrition surveillance; Use evidence based research for promoting BCC programmes; Promote food based dietary guidelines to inform policies and actions.

Food safety and quality: The certification of enlisted foods reduced from 64 in 2010/11 to 12 in 2011/12. Greater capacity in BSTI and other agencies would increase progress in food certification. A decline in diarrhoea is observed, although it still caused 2% of under-5 deaths during 2007-11. Almost universal coverage has been reached for safe water supply for domestic use. Access to safe drinking water increased to 98% nationally, and 88% in arsenic affected areas. Both poor and non-poor households have harmful concentrations of heavy metals in their foods, although this varies depending upon where food is grown and marketed.

Recommendations for further actions in this area include the need to: Activate CODEX focal point and ensure compliance to standards; Finalize and enact the new Food Safety Act, 2013; Seek approval of the National Food Safety and Quality Policy and of the National

Food Safety Emergency Response Plan; Promote effective utilization of national food safety testing facilities; Scale up healthy street food vending.

The CIP 2013: Financial input monitoring Budgets of key NFP partner ministries and divisions in total GoB expenditure shrunk to 29%, its lowest share since the start of PoA implementation. The CIP 2013 totals 9.8 billion USD, of which 6.2 billion USD is completed or ongoing, and 3.6 billion USD is in the pipeline, of

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which 2.5 billion USD is marked as priority pipeline. Marginal progress is noted in the implementation rate – cumulative delivery stands at 1.7 billion USD out of 6.2 billion USD financed. In addition, 218 million USD of investments is already committed to ongoing projects continuing beyond 2015, of which 45% is for availability, 29% for access and 26% for utilisation.

Availability accounts for 56% of the value of financed projects and 65% of the value of pipeline projects – the respective figures of access are 39% and 33%, and for utilisation 6% and 2%, respectively. The GoB has invested into the CIP 1.65 dollars for every dollar invested by DPs – and for availability this ratio is 2, for access it is 1.62 and for utilisation it is just 0.26.

DPs reported that they contributed to the CIP 2.6 billion USD, of which 55% went to the availability pillar, 37% to the access pillar and 8% to the utilisation pillar. In addition, DPs have committed a total of 737 million USD to food and nutrition security projects outside the ADP, and therefore outside the CIP. Future potential contributions to the CIP, indicated as of 1 July 2012 by DPs, totalled 1.6 billion USD, of which 22% was towards availability, 69 % towards access and 9 % towards nutrition.

The monitoring exercise In preparing the Monitoring Report 2013: National Food Policy Plan of Action and Country Investment Plan (CIP), a results-oriented monitoring approach was adopted, coherent with the national planning processes in place, namely the national MDGs and the SFYP results framework. A four-level results chain was defined whereby NFP goals are articulated into outcomes/impacts that are expected to result from outputs, which are in turn generated from inputs. Monitoring indicators have been chosen at each level, within the data available, against SMART criteria: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Time-bound. These provide targets, baselines and proxy indicators for performance. Institutional framework for monitoring Bangladesh’s institutional structure on food security and nutrition provides coordination at different levels, including for monitoring. The Food Planning and Monitoring Committee (FPMC) provides strategic orientation and establishes a high-level commitment to inter-sectoral collaboration. The National Committee (NC) is tasked with overseeing CIP implementation and monitoring processes. The Food Policy Working Group (FPWG) is the mechanism for coordinating collaboration at the technical and operational level through the four Thematic Teams (TTs) that execute the monitoring process. The FPMU provides support to the unified framework. In addition to this, GoB agencies involved in running programmes pertaining to the CIP (over 30) as well as DPs provide inputs towards the CIP financial monitoring.

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1. Introduction

The policy framework The National Food Policy (NFP) endorsed by the Food Planning and Monitoring Committee (FPMC), and thereafter approved by the Cabinet in August 2006, provides strategic guidance to address the key challenges facing Bangladesh in achieving food security in all its dimensions, including food supply and availability; physical, social and economic access to food; and nutrition and utilization of food, as embedded in its three core objectives: - NFP Objective 1: Adequate and stable supply of safe and nutritious food - NFP Objective 2: Increased purchasing power and access to food of the people - NFP Objective 3: Adequate nutrition for all individuals, especially women and children

The overall goal of the NFP is to ensure dependable food security for all people at all times.

The NFP Plan of Action (PoA) translates the provisions of the NFP into 26 strategic Areas of Intervention (AoI) to be implemented over the period 2008-2015. The PoA identifies responsible actors (government and non-government) and suggests policy targets and indicators for monitoring progress. The document also provides guidelines regarding inter-ministerial coordination, and sectoral planning and budgeting, with a view to promoting implementation effectiveness. It also outlines a strategy for monitoring progress.

The Bangladesh Country Investment Plan: A road map toward investment in agriculture, food security and nutrition (CIP) is a five-year comprehensive investment plan identifying 12 programmes articulated in 40 subprogrammes and a large number of projects to be executed from 1 July 2010 to 30 June 2015 to ensure implementation of the PoA. It is a country-led planning, fund mobilization and alignment tool. It supports increased, effective public investment to increase and diversify food availability in a sustainable manner and improve access to food and nutrition security. The CIP only covers public investments under the Annual Development Plan of the Government of Bangladesh but it is designed in such a way to leverage investment by private sector food security actors and smallholders in particular.

The CIP was developed in 2010 and discussed in the Bangladesh Food Security Investment Forum held in Dhaka on 26th and 27th May 2010 with the inauguration of the event by H.E. the Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina. It was further developed through a wider consultation process involving main stakeholders in Government, civil society and development partners that resulted in the publication of a revised version in June 2011. The CIP has been conceived as a living document. Indeed, while the structure of main programmes and subprogrammes remains unchanged, the number of projects and related financial resources are in continuous evolution. The monitoring exercise contributes to animate and take stock of this evolution, keeping the CIP budget updated, based on progress against its results’ framework and needs emerging from a changing context.

The CIP is anchored in the policy, programmatic and financial framework of Bangladesh: (i) it is the investment arm of the National Food Policy (NFP, 2006) and its Plan of Action (PoA, 2008-2015); (ii) it is embedded in the Sixth Five Year Plan (SFYP); (iii) it is a strong advocacy and financial tool for increased resource allocation from the budget (through the Government process) and development partners (DPs). The CIP benefited from the commitment at the national level to food security and nutrition expressed in the Scaling up Nutrition Movement (SUN). The CIP provides a coherent set of 12 priority investment programmes to improve food security and nutrition in an integrated way.

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Introducing the monitoring exercise The establishment of an effective monitoring system enables policy-makers to timely assess progress towards the achievements of NFP goals, objectives and sectoral targets, and to take corrective action, if required. This guided the formulation of the National Food Policy Plan of Action (PoA) and is reflected in the National Food Policy Plan of Action (2008-2015) Monitoring Report 2010, which among others, served to inform the Government of Bangladesh in the elaboration of the CIP.

The monitoring framework of the CIP is built upon the NFP PoA monitoring framework, and monitoring of the NFP PoA and the CIP is embedded into Programme 7 of the CIP. Monitoring two policy documents jointly required careful thinking on how to organize the exercise to ensure adequate coverage and consistency. An approach for jointly monitoring the CIP and PoA was designed and implemented for the Monitoring Report 2012, and since it was found to be successful, the same approach was used for the monitoring conducted for this report.

A Roadmap for Producing the 2013 CIP and NFP PoA Monitoring Report1 was elaborated over the summer of 2012 by the NFPCSP Technical Assistance Team, in consultation with the Thematic Teams (TTs) and the FPMU. The document was presented and discussed with the TTs and FPMU staff during a training workshop on ‘Monitoring Food Security Framework in Bangladesh’ held in October 2012. Based on the assessment of the activities conducted in 2012, the workshop refined the approach, indicators and monitoring responsibilities, and enabled participants to be effectively involved in the monitoring exercise as a learning process to independently and sustainably carry out the monitoring process. Description of this report The report presents data and analysis on the selected indicators of goals, outcomes and outputs for 2011/12 (the monitored year) and previous years, including 2007/08 (the PoA baseline) and 2009/10 (the CIP baseline). For inputs, the report presents data and analysis on financial commitments for the period 1 July 2010 to 30 June 2015, updated as of the second financial year after the start of the CIP.

Chapter 2 describes the approach taken to jointly monitor the NFP PoA and CIP. Chapter 3 assesses progress towards NFP Goals and NFP Objectives related to food availability, food access and food utilization. Chapter 4, 5 and 6 monitor, respectively, the five CIP programmes that contribute to food availability, the four CIP programmes that contribute to food access and the three CIP programmes that contribute to food utilisation and improved nutrition. Each chapter assesses progress towards achievement identified in the CIP and PoA result frameworks, reviews policy developments/programmes underway and identifies needs for further action. Chapter 7 monitors financing of food and nutrition security by the GoB and DPs under the CIP. The report ends in Chapter 8 with an overall assessment of progress and recommendations based on the analysis carried out. Annexes present the full CIP database updated for 2013.

___________________________________________________________________________ 1 http://www.nfpcsp.org/agridrupal/content/roadmap-producing-cip-and-nfp-poa-monitoring-report-2013

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2. Approach to monitoring A results-oriented monitoring approach has been adopted, coherent with the national planning process. A four-level results chain has been defined. The NFP goal, the highest level, is articulated into outcomes that are expected to result from outputs, which are in turn generated from inputs2. This is shown in Figure 1 and described below:

1. Goals correspond to those in the NFP, the highest monitoring level to which the PoA and CIP contribute. Goal indicators are consistent with targets in the MDGs and SFYP results framework. Goals are broad and therefore not under the control of the PoA or CIP, but are expected to be substantially influenced by their effective execution.

2. Outcomes correspond to the three objectives of the NFP related to improvements in food availability, food access and food utilisation. Outcome indicators are mostly composed of aspects of food security and nutrition that are not under the control of any individual implementing agency. The CIP and PoA share the same expected outcomes, and so a common set of indicators is used to monitor them.

3. Outputs are medium-term development results that interventions seek to produce. The CIP has outputs linked to its 12 programmes, with 40 sub-outputs under these. For the PoA, its 26 Areas of Intervention (AoIs) define the output level. Output indicators capture factors that are to a large extent under the control of implementing agencies.

4. Inputs into the CIP are the financing and financial execution of projects by the Government and development partners. Inputs into the PoA are multidimensional, flagging over 300 action lines for programmes, policy decisions and implementing actors.

Indicators at each monitoring level have been chosen, to the extent possible given data availability, against SMART criteria: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Time-

___________________________________________________________________________ 2 Terminology used here are coherent with existing national strategic documents, particularly the NFP PoA and its first Monitoring Report, and may differ from terms used by the United Nations Evaluation Group.

Figure 1: CIP and PoA monitoring levels

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bound. These provide targets, baselines and proxy indicators for performance. Minor adjustments have been made to the indicators used in the Monitoring Report 2012.

Goal monitoring NFP PoA and CIP share the same goal: “to ensure dependable food security for all people of the country at all times”. The indicators to monitor progress were specified in the CIP as a refinement and simplification of the one included in the CIP PoA. Moreover, in monitoring progress toward the goal, evidence is given to relevant indicators included in the results framework of the Sixth Five Year Plan. Outcome monitoring The outcome level is common to both the PoA and CIP, and so progress at this level is evaluated through a common set of indicators. Efforts were made in the Monitoring Report 2012 to streamline the indicators used for monitoring the NFP PoA, and this substantially reduced the total number of indicators.

In order to gauge performance at the action level, highlights are given of recent/planned programmes or policy developments considered most representative of progress towards the achievement of the policy targets. Recommendations to accelerate progress are drawn based on the analysis. Output monitoring The CIP is a prioritized coverage of the AoIs in the NFP PoA. This called for some streamlining of the indicators used to monitor the NFP PoA in 2010. Therefore, indicators for monitoring the CIP are narrower in coverage3, and on some issues do not directly capture the full breadth of the NFP PoA. Consequently, the discussion accompanying the indicator tables is much broader to fully monitor the PoA. The list of indicators proposed for monitoring at the output level of the CIP and NFP PoA is the result of:

- An effort to streamline the output level indicators selected for the NFP PoA monitoring exercise in 2010;

- An effort to reflect the thinking and consensus reached during the extensive consultations with the many stakeholders of the CIP;

- A methodical examination of all the AoIs of the NFP PoA to ensure that the proposed indicators cover all of them.

To this effect, the first step was to define a set of SMART output indicators for each of the CIP programmes, using the output indicators of the NFP PoA Monitoring Report 2010. The second step was to match the CIP programmes to the NFP PoA AoIs. The latter were all found to have been covered, largely speaking, by the CIP4. Having carried out this matching exercise, specific areas of the NFP PoA not covered by the indicators selected for the CIP were identified and appropriate indicators were added to the list of indicators to be monitored to ensure full coverage of both the CIP and the NFP PoA in this report.

___________________________________________________________________________ 3 There is one exception: Programme 7 of the CIP (Strengthened capacities for implementation and monitoring of NFP and CIP) is not covered by the NFP PoA, for obvious reasons. 4 Conversely, as mentioned above, the NFP PoA does not cover all the CIP Programmes (see Programme 7).

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(Figure 1) presents the result of this exercise with the list of output indicators to be used for the joint monitoring of the CIP and NFP PoA. The CIP programmes are shown with the corresponding AoIs of the NFP PoA. These are monitored together using the indicators listed in the column ‘CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators’. Input monitoring The inputs level monitoring relates to the financing and financial execution of the CIP. This involves:

- Updating the inventory of completed and ongoing projects relevant to the CIP - including projects starting before 1 July 2010 and completed after that date, and projects starting before 30 June 2015 and completed after that date – the two dates being the start and end dates of the CIP, respectively;

- Updating the GoB for funding needs for projects in the pipeline; - Updating the DPs current and future commitments, both within the CIP and outside

the CIP.

The exercise this year, a reiteration following last year’s exercise, has resulted in a second update of the CIP. The baseline CIP was published as Tables 4.1 to 4.6 in the CIP document in June 2011, and the first update was published as Annex 3 of the Monitoring Report 2012. These are now replaced by Annex 3 of this monitoring report. The monitoring exercise takes stock of the progress in implementation, and updates the CIP as a ‘living document’5.

Financial resources for the implementation of the CIP are provided as part of the Government’s Annual Development Programme. These are monitored and presented in this report at the project, subprogramme and programme levels. The PoA includes a broader set of actions (for example subsidies and safety nets) which are not covered in the CIP. Inputs for the implementation of the PoA are provided as part of the annual budget of the Government, including both development and revenue expenditure of relevant Ministries. For this reason the report also presents -under section 7.1- a review of recent trends in food security spending in the National Budget. Lessons from Monitoring Report 2010 and 2012 Lessons from the previous two monitoring reports in 2010 and 2012 inform the approach in this monitoring report. Both reports successfully adopted a results-based monitoring approach, with indicators carefully identified at different levels of the results chain. The main difference between the 2010 and 2012 monitoring reports was that the 2010 MR monitored only the NFP PoA because the CIP had not been developed at that stage, while the MR 2012 was the first joint-monitoring of the NFP PoA and the CIP. This report also jointly monitors the NFP PoA and CIP. Some lessons from previous experiences applied to this report include:

- Shortened duration of the MR production process to permit better use of its findings in the budgetary and planning process for FY 2013-14;

- Better defined roles, responsibilities and participation of TT members from partner ministries and divisions – teamwork has proven instrumental to quality and transfer of capacities;

___________________________________________________________________________ 5 GoB (2011). Bangladesh Country Investment Plan – A road map towards investment in agriculture, food security and nutrition p. 1.

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- Rebalanced contents to make more systematic use of the financial database, thus linking the CIP investments more closely to PoA programmes, and thereby tying the assessment of inputs into the PoA to the assessment of results from the PoA.

The institutional setting for monitoring Bangladesh has a composite institutional structure for food security and nutrition that provides coordination at different levels, including for monitoring (Figure 2). This includes at its top the Cabinet level Food Planning and Monitoring Committee (FPMC), chaired by the Food Minister and with membership of various Ministers and Secretaries. This Committee provides strategic orientation on food security issues and establishes a high-level commitment to inter-sectoral collaboration. The National Committee (NC)6 also chaired by

the Food Minister is composed of the Secretaries of the various concerned divisions, Heads of Universities/Research Institutions, DPs, private sector and other NGOs. Among other things, it is tasked with overseeing CIP implementation and monitoring processes. The Food Policy Working Group (FPWG)7 is the mechanism for coordinating collaboration at the technical and operational level through the four Thematic Teams (TTs)8 that carry out the monitoring process of the NFP PoA and the CIP consistently with monitoring of progress towards MDG 1.

The FPMU provides support to these institutions acting as the secretariat of

the various Committees and providing technical and operational support to the FPWG and TTs. In addition to this, GoB agencies involved in running programmes pertaining to the CIP (over 30) as well as the DPs provide inputs towards the financial monitoring section.

___________________________________________________________________________ 6 The NC is chaired by the Minister of Food and includes the following: Secretaries from the Ministry of Finance (Finance and Economic Relations divisions), MoHFW, MoA, MoFL, MoWR, MoDMR, MoFood and IMED; members from the Planning Commission (General Economics Division and Agriculture, Water Resources and Rural Institutions Division); and the Vice C hancellor of BAU, Executive Chairman of BARC, President of FBCCI, Mission Director of USAID, Representative of FAO, Director General of BIDS, Country Director of World Bank and Chief of Party of IFPRI. 7 The FPWG is chaired by the Secretary, Ministry of Food and includes representatives from the Planning Commission (General Economics Division, Socio-economic Infrastructure Division and Agriculture, Water Resources and Rural Institutions Division), Ministry of Finance (Finance Division and Economic Relations Division), IMED and FPMU-MoFood. 8 Annex 2 provides the structure and list of Ministries/agencies participating in the TTs.

Figure 2: Institutional framework

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3. Progress towards NFP goals and outcomes

3.1. NFP goals

The overarching goal of the National Food Policy is “to ensure dependable food security for all people of the country at all times”. The goal applies at the individual-level and not just at the national or household-level. Achievement of nutritional wellbeing for all requires a focus on the most vulnerable segments of the population -such as mothers, children and other vulnerable groups- and that safe and nutritious food is available and consumed by all people at all times and coupled with a sanitary environment, adequate health, education and care. Successful implementation of the NFP is expected to lead to enhanced physical and intellectual capacities so as to unleash the full productive potential of the population and accelerate national development.

Table 1: NFP goals and SFYP indicators relating to food security

___________________________________________________________________________ 9 Undernourishment or hunger exists when caloric intake is below the minimum dietary energy requirement to perform light activity and to maintain a minimum acceptable weight-for-height. 10 Prevalence estimates for underweight in the table are based on the WHO reference standards 2006. Underweight amongst under-five year olds is included in the SFYP Development Results Framework. 11 The NCHS reference standard was used in 1990 to set MDG goals before the 2006 WHO reference standard was established. The NCHS standard results in higher levels of underweight and lower levels of stunting than the WHO standard. The MDG 1 target on child underweight based on the WHO standard would be 31% rather than the 33% based on the NCHS standard. 12 Prevalence estimates for stunting in the table are based on the WHO reference standards 2006. 13 Revised 2016 HPNSDP target. 14 The agricultural GDP includes crop, horticulture, fishery and animal products, but excludes forestry. 15The definition of social protection used here includes cash and non-cash transfers, microcredit and programmes for social empowerment – and it corresponds to the broadest definition used by the Ministry of Finance, called “Social Protection & Empowerment” in budgetary reports, and corresponds to the definition used in the SFYP, pp.162-163.

2007/08

(PoA baseline)

2009/10 (CIP/SFYP baseline)

2010/11 2011/12 Target 2012

Target 2015 Source

NFP & CIP Goal

Undernourishment9 (three year average)

15.5% 16.5% 17.1% 16.8% na 17% (MDG -1)

FAO, SOFI

Underweight (0 to 59 months)10

41.0% na na 36.4% na 33%11 (MDG -1)

BDHS

Stunting (0 -59 months)12

43.2% na na 41.3% na 38%13 (MDG -1)

BDHS

Sixth Five Year Plan

Rate of growth of agricultural GDP in constant prices14

3.00% 5.22% 5.24% 2.99% 4.5% 4.3% BBS Yearbook of Agricultural

Statistics

Government spending on social protection as % of GDP15

na 2.42% 2.64% 2.40% 2.51% 3.0% Finance

Division, MoF

Poverty headcount index (CBN upper poverty line)

40.1% (2005)

31.5% (2010)

na na na 29% (MDG1) BBS, HIES

Report

Change in national wages expressed in kg of coarse rice (3-year moving average)

-8.11% 5.71% 7.73% 4.27% 5.43% ≥ real GDP

/cap growth + 0.5

BBS Statistical Yearbook

(wages) and DAM (prices)

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Progress towards the NFP goal is measured in this report using the three indicators of nutritional status identified in the monitoring framework of the CIP16. Selection of these indicators is consistent with other national development planning tools, notably the MDGs. The three indicators are prevalence of undernourishment, child underweight and child stunting. The indicators are formulated as shortfalls against minimum thresholds of nutritional adequacy.

The undernourishment indicator is measured across the whole population. It measures only calorie adequacy. Adequate nutrition includes dietary quality, protein intakes and micronutrient intakes required to avoid “hidden hunger”. The other two indicators are age-specific, referring to those aged 0-59 months. The child anthropometric indicators are also useful proxy indicators for nutrition in the broader population. For example, micronutrient deficiency, poor sanitation and unsafe drinking water all undermine food utilisation, but except for extreme cases it is hard to detect quickly these impacts in the adult population due to adult resiliency, whereas the impacts are sharply reflected in children’s nutritional status. While updated statistics are not available, about one-third of babies in Bangladesh are born with low birth weight, which is closely associated with mortality, morbidity, inhibited growth and harmed cognitive development. Furthermore, early childhood malnutrition can cause irreversible damage carried into adulthood.

The undernourishment indicator shows that whilst its MDG target was met in early 2000s, it has been slowly deteriorating thereafter, although with an improvement in the last year (Table 1). The picture is complicated by the fact that FAO refined its worldwide methodology for estimating undernourishment. This led to substantial changes in estimates for many countries, and for Bangladesh a downward revision of its data (Box 1). The FAO estimate of undernourishment is based on apparent per capita caloric consumption, which reflects availability rather than actual consumption. A more direct measurement would be provided by the DCI estimate of poverty, which is a headcount of people consuming less than the desirable amount of calories based on the consumption registered in the HIES surveys. However, DCI poverty estimates have not been

___________________________________________________________________________ 16 Government of Bangladesh (2011). Country Investment Plan. A roadmap towards investment in Agriculture, Food Security and Nutrition.

Box 1: Revision of FAO undernourishment estimates SOFI 2012 published estimates of the prevalence of undernourishment in Bangladesh, revised from 1990 to take advantage of improved methods and data from FAO. In these revisions, Bangladesh was estimated to have a lower prevalence of undernourishment than what was previously estimated. The chart below summarizes the new estimates against the old estimates. The revisions use updated information on population, food supply, food losses, dietary energy requirements and other factors. They also better estimate the distribution of food (as measured in terms of dietary energy supply) within countries. More details can be found at: http://typo3.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/es/SOFI_2012/sofi_technical_note.pdf

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published after 200517. This is crucial because the rate of decline of DCI until 2005 was not fast enough to reach the MDG target, suggesting that accelerating progress to meet calorie adequacy in the general population could still require close attention – and this is supported by data on average calorie intakes which have risen by just 4 calories per year since 1995 (see Section 3.4 for the data).

BDHS data on both underweight and stunting show declines compared to the PoA baseline. In the longer-run, prevalence of child underweight and child stunting both declined sharply in the 1990s, with underweight declining more, then slowed down after 2000 but finally picked up again after 2005. Overall, Bangladesh appears to be on track to meet the child underweight MDG target and a comparable decline is also observed for stunting.

To monitor overall progress toward the NFP goal, this report also considers four indicators included in the Results Framework of the SFYP: growth of agricultural GDP is included as an indicator of progress in availability, spending on social protection as an indicator of social access to food, while poverty and wages in kilograms of rice as indicators of economic access to food. Poverty declined since the PoA baseline – from 40% to 32% - although an estimate does not exist for the most recent year. Agricultural GDP growth and change in the rice-wage are both positive but below targets for the year. A slight drop is also recorded in the share of Government’s spending on social protection, which is budgeted to continue to decline in 2012/13 to 2.18%, a fair way short of its 2015 target.

In sum, what can be said about progress towards NFP goals in 2011/12, the specific monitored year? Improvements in children’s nutritional well-being continued up to 2011, the last year for which data is available. Undernourishment is estimated to have fallen slightly for the 2010-12 period, inverting a rising trend in previous years. Agricultural growth and rice-wage continued to gain, though at significantly lower speed than previously. Spending on social protection increased in nominal terms, but contracted as a share of GDP making more difficult the achievement of the target in 2015.

Looking at longer term trends, since the MDG baseline year, malnutrition improved at a slower pace than poverty (see Figure 3). However, trends were markedly different during the two decades. Indeed, over the 90s’, malnutrition improved significantly faster than poverty18, while the speeds of improvements were opposite over the last decade: CBN-based poverty incidence declined yearly by 4.3%, child underweight by 1.4% and child stunting by 1.9% showing that while socioeconomic drivers are necessary for improving nutrition, they are not per-se sufficient to achieve the desired nutrition outcome of the NFP. ___________________________________________________________________________ 17 This issue is discussed in detail in the PoA and CIP Monitoring Report 2012, pg. 8. 18 Poverty declined by less than 1.5% per year over the period 1989-2000, against 3.7% per year for underweight and 2.7% for stunting, over the period 1990-2000.

Figure 3: Poverty, underweight and stunting trends

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

198

Perc

ent o

f the

pop

ulati

on

-2.0%

-2.5%

-2.8%

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Stunting Underweight Poverty

Source: HIES and BDHS various years

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Stunting is caused by poor diet and frequent infections including gastro enteropathy that generally occurs before age 2 years19.

While sustained efforts are needed to promote food security in all its dimensions, including reinvigoration of agricultural growth and scaling up of social protection interventions, nutrition needs to be promoted by direct nutrition interventions as well as through indirect interventions requiring mainstreaming nutrition across all relevant sectors. This, in turn, requires reinforced awareness and multi-sector collaboration in formulation, implementation and monitoring of interventions20.

3.2. NFP Objective 1 outcomes 3.2.1. Assessment

Objective 1 of the NFP is to ensure adequate and stable supply of safe and nutritious food. Progress towards this objective is assessed though the indicators in Table 2. Growth of agricultural GDP in constant prices is an aggregate measure of supply21. Stability of food availability and import dependency are measured with reference to rice considering data availability and the role of rice as a food staple. A reduction of the share of rice in food value added is taken as indicating an increase in diversification. Food safety and quality are considered under Objective 3 and Programme 12 of the CIP.

Table 2: NFP Objective 1: Selected performance indicators

2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Target Source

Rate of growth of agricultural GDP in constant prices

3.00% 5.22% 5.24% 2.99% 4.50% (2011/12)

Yearbook of Agricultural Statistics, BBS

Rice import dependency (3-years moving average)22

4.20% 3.31% 2.53% 2.37% 0% FPMU/MIS, BBS

Instability of rice production23 4.09% 4.07% 3.39% 3.04% 0% Yearbook of Agricultural

Statistics, BBS

Share of rice value added in total food value added in current price

41.52% 42.17% 42.44% 41.71% Decreasing over time

Yearbook of Agricultural Statistics, BBS and

communications with BBS

Growth of agricultural GDP decelerated Agricultural GDP24 grew by 2.99% in 2011/12, compared to 3.00% in 2007/08, 5.22% in 2009/10 and 5.24% in 2010/11. The slower growth is mainly explained by the deceleration of the crop sector which grew by 1.95% in 2011/12, compared to 5.65% in 2010/11. ___________________________________________________________________________ 19 Milman A et. al. (2005). Differential improvement among countries in child stunting is associated with long term development and specific interventions, Journal of Nutrition, 135 (6): 1415-1422. 20 FPMU Policy Brief 9. 21 Monitoring adequacy and stability of food supply is challenging because of data limitations. For example, in the case of the wheat the comparison as of 2010 of consumption as per the HIES (26g per day per capita) with total wheat availability (imports + production) yields a huge differential, with supply being three times more than consumption. This clearly questions the suitability of the available information for calculating consistent food balance sheets. 22 Imports/ (net production+ imports – exports). 23 Measured by the coefficient of variation of the difference between annual production and its 10-year rolling linear trend. 24 Excluding forestry and including fisheries.

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Relatively faster growth is observed for fishery (5.39%) and livestock (3.39%) – and in 2010/11, these sectors grew at 5.25% and 3.48%, respectively. Rice import dependency declined steadily Domestic price volatility in 2007/8 raised concern regarding over-reliance on international markets, and the Government pledged to achieve self-sufficiency in rice production25 by 2013. This was a shift from the self-reliance26 that had worked effectively in the past, especially during the 1998 and 2004 floods when the private sector quickly covered the domestic deficit by importing rice (Figure 4).

Consistently with the new policy approach, rice import dependency -measured as a 3-year moving average -declined steadily from 4.20% in 2007/08 to 2.37% in 2011/12. In 2011/12, rice was almost exclusively imported by the public sector to supply the food based safety nets, and to stabilize domestic prices after renouncing to procure domestically during the aman season of 2010/11 to avoid inflationary pressure. In 2012/13 public rice import has stopped and only insignificant quantities have been imported by the private sector, confirming the achievement of self-sufficiency for rice. As the Government’s policy proved effective, it is now time, to the extent appropriate, to produce exportable surpluses. A first consideration pertains to the profitability of rice production for export. Indeed, while some researchers indicate that Bangladesh has a comparative advantage in producing rice for export27, others state that Bangladesh only has a comparative advantage to produce rice as an import substitute28.

Another consideration is that even if a comparative advantage exists, actual exports require the establishment of reliable trade channels, which in turn require the availability of a regular supply of commercially viable quantities over time. More importantly, the desirability of further

___________________________________________________________________________ 25 Government of Bangladesh (2012). Budget Speech 2012-13. Ministry of Finance. 26 Self-reliance implies importing food from the world market when international prices are lower than domestic prices. 27 Rashid, M. A. et.al. (2009) Domestic and International Competitiveness of Production of Selected Crops in Bangladesh, Study commissioned by NFPCSP-FAO, Dhaka. 28 Deb, U. et.al. (2009). Rethinking food security strategy: self-sufficiency or self reliance, BIDS Policy Brief.

Figure 4: Imports and import dependency of rice

0%

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epen

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Source: DG Food

Figure 5: Rice production and its instability

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-88

19

89

-90

19

91

-92

19

93

-94

19

95

-96

19

97

-98

19

99

-00

20

01

-02

20

03

-04

20

05

-06

20

07

-08

20

09

-10

20

11

-12

Inst

ab

ilit

y (

%)

Tho

usa

nd

MT

Aus Aman Boro instability Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS)

12

expanding rice production should be assessed vis-à-vis the objective of increasing diversification (see below). Instability of rice production decreased in recent years The instability of rice production - measured by the coefficient of variation of the difference between production and its rolling linear trend over a ten year period - continued to decline and reached the minimum level at 3.04% in 2011/12. This is due to stability in rice production in 2011/12, especially for aman and boro which increased marginally (0.05% for aman and 0.77% for boro) in 2011/12 compared to the previous year (4.78% for aman and 1.50% for boro). Overall, rice production was more stable during the last decade compared to the 1990s29 (Figure 5). Share of rice value added declined The share of rice value added in total food value added (in current price) has decreased in 2011/12 compared to the previous year (-0.73%) but it is still above the level registered in 2007/08. Overall, this indicator does not show any clear trend since 2000/0130, as both rice and total food value added grew on average by almost 10% per annum in nominal terms (Figure 6). This indicates that no significant food production diversification has taken place despite the significant growth observed for some non-rice products such as fishery and poultry (see Programmes 4 & 5). In other words, the faster growth observed in some agricultural sub-sectors has taken place to the detriment of others, such as pulses and fruits (see Programme 1), leaving unchallenged the predominance of rice. The achievement of self-sufficiency in rice offers the opportunity to use production gains from

further intensification to gradually release land and other resources as required to diversify food production towards higher value-added and more nutritious foods.

Recent foodgrain price volatility calls for scaling up domestic production and public stocking capacity. Bangladesh has experienced sharp price volatility of rice and wheat, especially during and after the 2007/08 food price crisis. Figure 7 shows the real prices of wheat and rice in Bangladesh over different

___________________________________________________________________________ 29 Instability decreased from 2.5% during 1990/91-1999/2000 to 1.7% during 2000/01-2011/12. 30 Share of rice value added changed from 43.15% in 2000/01 to 42.00% in 2011/12.

Figure 6: Food value added, rice and others

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

Sh

are

of rice

Billio

nTa

ka

Rice Non-rice food share of rice

Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS)

Figure 7: Real prices of rice and wheat

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

taka

per

qui

ntal

wheat real price Rice real price

Period IV Period VPeriod IIIPeriod IIPeriod I

Source: DAM

13

periods since 197531. These trends are in line with those observed in the main rice exporting countries32. It is possible to note that both prices declined in real terms, but the decline was more pronounced for rice, which reached a historical minimum in early 2013. Table 3 shows rice price volatility over the five periods considered above. It shows a long term declining trend in price volatility (with only a limited exception for wheat over period III) that was inverted by the 2007/08 rice price crises. However, volatility remains below the level observed in the first decades considered. Table 3: Price volatility of rice and wheat

Whole period (Jul75-Dec 12)

Period I (Jul 75-Dec 85)

Period II (Jan 86-Dec 91)

Period III (Jan 92-Dec99)

Period IV (Jan 2000-Dec 06)

Period V (Jan 07-Dec 12)

Rice 19.23% 24.11% 19.87% 16.99% 13.67% 17.74%

Wheat 24.26% 33.23% 20.85% 22.95% 13.43% 20.56%

Source: Calculation using DAM data Note: Volatility is measured by the standard deviation of the changes in the logarithms of monthly price averages at an annualized rate. Agricultural trade balance deteriorated, mainly due to non-cereal products Agricultural trade deficit increased between 2007 and 2010, but less than the overall merchandise trade balance. Indeed, the trade deficit for all merchandized products rose by 124%, while agricultural trade deficit increased by only 47%, from −3421 million USD to −5034 million USD (Figure 8).

However, the trade balance for non-cereal products deteriorated markedly. Indeed, the trade deficit of fruits and vegetables, dairy products and eggs, and meat rose by 305%, 131% and 71%, respectively compared to only 39% for cereal (Figure 9). Over the longer period since 2000, the agricultural trade deficit has grown faster (+218%) than the total merchandise deficit (+163%). Faster growing deficits were recorded for meat (+633%), fruit and vegetables (+516%), cereals (+241%), while the deficit for dairy products deteriorated at a slower pace (+172%). Overall, the deficit of the agricultural trade balance showed a tendency to accelerate, especially for non-cereal food products such as fruit and vegetables. Considerable consumption diversification occurred over the last two decades, and since production diversification could not keep pace, the agricultural trade ___________________________________________________________________________ 31 Based on volatility level, five periods have been identified: July 1975 to December 1985 (Period I), January 1986 to December 1991 (Period II), January 1992 to December 1999 (Period III), January 2000 to December 2006 (Period IV) and January 2007 to December 2012 (Period V). 32 The recent NFPCSP supported study by Raha, S. K. et.al. (2013). on “Structure, conduct and performance of the rice market and the impact of technological changes in milling” has produced new evidence confirming the integration between the price in Bangladesh and in main rice exporting countries in Asia.

Figure 8: Total, agricultural and food trade deficit

-9000

-7500

-6000

-4500

-3000

-1500

0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Mill

ion

USD

Total trade Agril products Food & animal prod Source: FAOSTAT

14

deficit increased. The share of cereal on total per capita intake of food decreased from 80% to 70% between 1990 and 2010, while intakes of practically all other foods have increased - with the main exception of legumes - albeit at different speeds. For example, consumption of potato in 2010 exceeded the nutritional norm, while fruit and vegetable were still almost at half of the norm.

Compared to consumption, domestic production has not diversified fast

enough to prevent the surge in imports, despite the fact that various studies show that production of non-rice commodities is more profitable than rice. In terms of profitability, perennial fruit production leads followed by pulses, spices, oilseed, vegetables, livestock and fisheries. Diversification of agricultural production, measured by agricultural diversification index (ADI), increased marginally during the last two decades: from 0.51 in 1992/93 to 0.58 in 2009/10, and remained almost unchanged in the more recent years33. Exports would require meeting food quality standards, and for this promotion of good agricultural practices should complement support to promote production diversification.

3.2.2. Issues and policy challenges

Intensification, sustainability and resilience of rice production Rice consumption is expected to increase mainly due to population growth. Indeed, the evolving food consumption pattern indicates that per capita rice consumption will, on average, most likely decline. Considering that the population growth rate is approaching 1% per year (Figure 10) per capita consumption is declining and considering loss of agricultural land in the order of half percent annually, an annual increase in rice productivity of 2% or more could allow releasing of land and other resources as required for diversification. This calls for sustaining efforts to promote intensification, sustainability and resilience of rice production.

___________________________________________________________________________ 33 Miah, M. A. M. and A. K. E. Haque (2013). Policy option for supporting agricultural diversification in Bangladesh. Draft final report, study supported by the NFPCSP.

Figure 9: Trade deficit for main foods

-3000

-2500

-2000

-1500

-1000

-500

0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010M

illio

n U

SD

Cereal Sugar Fruits & Veg Meat Dairy Prod & Egg

Source: FAOSTAT

Figure 10: Rice production and population changes

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

Ch

ange

Rice pod change Population change

Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS)

15

Bringing more fallow land under cultivation in coastal areas The southern belt covers 30% of the arable lands of the country, but 15% of the available cultivated land in this area is either left fallow and/or not utilized because of soil salinity, water salinity, and water logging. This area is viewed by the Government as a possible ‘rice bowl’ considering the availability of abundant land, and good potential to increase coverage and productivity of transplanted aus rice. The total potential transplanted aus area is estimated at 740,346 ha of which 38% would be suitable and 40% moderately suitable. Moreover, the potential boro area under surface water irrigation in the region is estimated at 695,200 ha34. To match the salinity levels, new rice varieties are being developed (see programme 1), which farmers have started adopting. Preserving farmers’ incentive under rice self-sufficiency Self-sufficiency in rice production in 2012/13 calls for reconsidering the support provided to rice producers through input subsidies - especially fertilizers - and procurement of rice at the time of harvest, as these interventions become less effective and more expensive in presence of an exportable surplus. While there is a need to protect farmers from the effect of price slumps that usually occur at harvest time, it is unfeasible to avoid the fall of domestic prices in the presence of a systematic excess supply relative to domestic demand if it is not only of a seasonal nature. To effectively address the fall of price in this case, the Government has been considering the possibility of allowing rice exports, which will become increasingly feasible as the structural surplus will consolidate and functional export channels will be established. In presence of exports, however, the benefit of input subsidies will be transferred to foreign consumers from domestic producers and consumers. This questions both the feasibility and opportunity of subsidizing rice production and calls for redirecting the resources currently devoted to promote the use of fertilizers and water for rice production, to the multiple interventions required to promote diversification and greater self-reliance for non-rice foods. Promoting diversification of food production As the increase in consumption of non-cereal foods results in increasing trade imbalances, promotion of agricultural diversification becomes increasingly valuable. Import substitution of higher value-added produce, such as fruits and vegetables, legumes, fishery and livestock products, while reducing trade imbalances, also contributes to accelerate agricultural income growth and poverty reduction. In this regard, the National Perspective Plan (2010-2021) stressed the importance of agro-ecological zoning to identify and disseminate information on suitability of different areas to different crops. Efforts have been made to promote diversification through appropriate packages of seed-fertilizer-irrigation along with other improved technologies. Scaling up agricultural diversification also requires public and private investments in making available suitable technologies, such as seeds and other inputs, certification of inputs and produce, agricultural services such as extension and veterinary services, rural infrastructures, processing and marketing facilities, enhanced credit, crop insurance, associative marketing structures, etc.35

___________________________________________________________________________ 34 MoA (2012). Master plan for agricultural development in southern region of Bangladesh. 35 Miah and Haque (2013) op. cit.

16

Increased fragmentation calls for more efforts to integrate small and marginal farmers As discussed in the Monitoring Report 201236 rural landlessness has reduced between late ‘80s and late ‘90s and the number of farm holding continued increasing, so that the average size of cultivated area per farm has decreased from 0.81 to 0.51 hectares between 1984 and 2008. While this reduced inequality of land holding, it increased part-time farming and the contribution of non-farm rural activities as sources of income for small and marginal farmers. Small farmers have an advantage in productive activities requiring close supervision of labour, such as fruit and vegetables, but to exploit this advantage they need to be able to effectively participate in the market, which in turn requires tailoring the type of interventions required for agricultural diversification to small farmers. In particular, this includes the direct interactions between the public administrative system and small farmers for the delivery of agricultural services, such as extension and the distribution of subsidies, but also the procurement of foodgrain, requires the promotion of more decentralized forms of interventions based on diversified associative structures and market mechanisms. Coping with climate change Bangladesh has been classified as highly vulnerable to climate change. The amount of rainfall in Bangladesh is expected to increase by 10% to 15% by 2030 and 27% by 2075. Sea-level rise is expected to inundate directly or indirectly 120,000 km2. An additional 14.3% of the country would become extremely prone to floods by 2030.

Cyclones in the Bay of Bengal will occur more frequently due to increasing temperature, and the peak intensity of cyclones may increase by 5% to 10%. Cyclones hit throughout May and between mid-October and mid-November, and these can coincide with the harvesting time of boro and aman rice. The development and adoption of shorter duration rice varieties could protect these two crops by advancing the maturity time out of cyclone-risk periods.

Salinity problems in coastal areas are expected to further exacerbate as a result of the reduced dry-season freshwater supply from upstream sources due to the change in rain pattern. The area severely affected by drought in the rabi season could increase from 4000 km2

to 12000 km2 under severe climate change scenario.

Overall, crop production might be reduced by 30% by the end of the century, especially rice and wheat production might be reduced between 8% and 32% by 2050. Winter crop production would be seriously hampered due to warmer and drier environment, while moisture stress might force farmers to reduce the area under boro cultivation37. Climate change adaptation requires investments in agricultural research and extension with a particular emphasis on development and diffusion of stress resistant high yielding varieties. Conservation of natural resource base: arable land, soil fertility and groundwater Conversion of arable land to non-agricultural purposes, depletion of soil fertility and the groundwater tables are major challenges. Depletion of soil fertility is mainly due to intensive land use without appropriate soil management and inadequate replenishment of plant nutrients in soils. The situation is more severe in areas where HYVs are being cultivated using low and unbalanced doses of mineral fertilizers with little or no organic recycling.

___________________________________________________________________________ 36 FPMU (2012). Monitoring Report 2012 of the National Food Policy Plan of Action and Country Investment Plan, pp.15-16. 37 Awal, M. A. (2013). Adapting social safety net programs to climate change shock: issue and options for Bangladesh, Draft final report, NFPCSP financed project.

17

Conversion of land to non-agricultural uses is another increasing problem, with land available for agriculture having decreased by 0.49% between 2000 and 2010 per annum38. Similarly alarming is the depletion of groundwater. In the northern districts of Bangladesh, the depth of groundwater increased by about 80%, up from 3.7 meters in 1981 to 6.6 meters in 201139.. Against this backdrop, the existing policies - the Land Use Policy 2001 which provides guidelines for protection of agricultural land and water bodies, and the 1999 National Water Policy which provides policy direction for the water sector - need to be updated with further attention given to their implementation. Promoting agricultural mechanization to cope with labour scarcity Labour shortage is becoming an increasingly frequent phenomenon during peak periods (e.g. sowing/planting, harvesting etc.) due to the increasing employment opportunities in rural non-farm activities and labour migration. A recent study40 showed that 22%, 12% and 2% of rural households sent internal, external and mixed (both internal and external) migrants during 2011/12. As a result, real agricultural wages are increasing: the quantity of rice that can be purchased with one day labour in agriculture increased by 68%, up from 5.6 kg in 2002 to 9.5 kg in 201241. While the increasing salary is certainly a welcome development for its impacts on rural poverty and food security, further progress in agricultural mechanization is required to prevent negative impact on production. At present, while 80% of land preparation is mechanized, other operations are still prevalently done manually due to land fragmentation, limited availability of quality machines, lack of knowledge and skills, tariff difference on machines and spare parts, etc. Addressing these issues requires detailed analysis of each issue to formulate a mechanization policy, including interventions such as formation of strong farmers group, strengthening custom-hire services of agri-machinery, promoting machinery research, reactivation of the National Standardization Committee and review and rationalization of current tariff rates 42.

3.3. NFP Objective 2 outcomes

Objective 2 of the NFP is to increase purchasing power and access to food. The objective encompasses transitory shock management, targeted food assistance programmes and employment generating income growth. These are intended to strengthen factors that underpin stable food access by individuals, such as household income, gifts, borrowing and transfers, in the first instance – and in the longer-run, increases in the levels of economic, social and human assets, and their productivity – as well as reductions in social discrimination, such as due to gender, disability or ethnicity.

___________________________________________________________________________ 38 Hassan, N. (2013). Trends in the availability of agricultural land in Bangladesh, Draft final report, NFPCSP. financed project. 39 Estimated by NFPCSP based on data obtained from BADC. 40 Hossain, M. Z. et. al. (2013). Rural-urban migration and its implications for food security in Bangladesh, Draft final report, NFPCSP financed project. 41 NFPCSP calculation. 42 Islam, M. S. (2009). Farm Mechanization for sustainable agriculture in Bangladesh: problems and prospects, FMPE Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Presented at the Fifth Session of the Technical Committee (TC) of UNAPCAEM & Exp ert Group Meeting on Application of Agricultural Machinery for Sustainable Agriculture in the Asia-Pacific Region, 14-16 October 2009, Los Banos, the Philippines.

18

Figure 11: Rice purchasing capacity of agricultural daylabourers

4

6

8

10

12

Kg

pe

r d

ay

Source: BBS, DAM

3.3.1. Assessment

The purchasing power of rice increased; poverty declined and is likely to reach MDG targets before 2015; and food price inflation continued to outpace general inflation but with a narrowing gap. Despite the strong decline in poverty incidence between 2005 and 2010, over 47 million people are still poor, and there has been little improvement in income inequality, which continues to limit the inclusion of weaker groups into overall economic growth. Table 4: NFP Objective 2: Selected performance indicators

CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators

2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Target Source

Change in national wages expressed in kg of coarse rice (3-year moving average)

-8.11% 5.71% 7.73% 4.27% 5.43%* (2011/12)

BBS Statistical Yearbook for

wages and DAM wholesale

Poverty headcount index (CBN upper poverty line)

40% (2005) na 31.5%

(2010) na 29%

(2015 MDG1 Target 1A)

HIES Reports, BBS

Extreme poverty rate (CBN lower poverty line)

25.1% (2005)

na 17.6% (2010) na

HIES Reports, BBS

Poverty gap (CBN upper poverty line)

9.0% (2005) na 6.5%

(2010) na 8%

(2015 MDG1 Target 1A)

HIES Reports, BBS

Difference between food and general inflation (3-year moving average)

1.45% 1.36% 1.43% 1.20% maximum 0% National Accounts

Report, BBS

*3-year average of real GDP per capita growth + 0.5

Rice wage continues rising The annual change in national wages expressed in terms of rice purchasing power increased by 4.27% in 2011/12 compared to 7.73% in 2010/11 (on a three year moving average basis) - see Table 4. The increase is lower than the target (5.43% or 0.5% above GDP growth), but is still significant and continues the trend observed since 2009. Survey data from 2011/12 showed that rural wages were equivalent to 7.6 kg and 6.8 kg of rice per day for male and female workers respectively43. Figure 11 shows the trend from 2005 to 2012 in the rice-wage of agricultural labourers. Notable points are: 1) the impact of the

___________________________________________________________________________ 43 IFPRI (2013). The status of Food Security in the Feed the Future Zone and Other Regions of Bangladesh: Results from the 2011-12 Integrated Household Survey. Prepared for USAID. International Food Policy Research Institute, Dhaka, April 2013.

19

global food price hike of 2007/08 led to a plunge to 4 kg of rice per day worked; 2) a peak in May 2012 to a historical maximum of 11 kg per day worked; 3) greater oscillations since 2007/08, with more peaks and troughs, suggesting greater instability in access to calories. Overall, wage adjustments appear to have been slower than price adjustment, particularly in the presence of declining rice prices, so that peaks in rice price have been followed by increased wages that were only partially reverted during the cyclical slumps of rice price.

Figure 12 shows that after 2007-08 agricultural wages began to converge towards wages in other sectors, and eventually overtook wages in construction and fisheries. Reasons for rising rural wages are yet to be fully studied or quantified, but some plausible contributors are: 1) higher prices of non-rice and non-crop agricultural products, which would have had a modest impact given that production diversification from rice was modest; 2) growing rural labour demand for non-farm activities, partly due to investments in rural transport and trade; 3) reduced abundance of rural labour supply, partly due to migration; 4) improvements in total factor productivity in agriculture, mainly in aquaculture, boro rice and non-cereal crops; 5) increased farm mechanisation which may have helped increase labour productivity.44 Declining poverty up to 2010 – and possibly thereafter Poverty headcount rates declined between 2000 and 2010 from 49% to 32% below the upper poverty line (UPL), and 41% to 18% below the lower poverty line (LPL). Poverty gap declined between 2000 to 2010 from 13% to 7% (Table 4) below the UPL, and 7% to 3% below the LPL. Re-rankings occurred with Barisal having the highest poverty incidence in 2010, instead of Rajshahi (including Rangpur) in 2000. Sylhet continued to have the lowest poverty incidence. Landowners with 7.5 or more acres had a poverty incidence of 8% below the UPL, compared to 45% amongst those with <0.05 acres. Poverty incidence in female-headed households was slightly lower than male-headed, since the former group includes households with absent migrant males who send remittances.

The poverty decline between 2000 and 2010 (1.74 percentage points on average per year for upper poverty) was faster than during the previous decade (about 0.9 percentage points). The decline in poverty is attributed to increased farm incomes (particularly after 2005); a greater share of the population reaching working age which led to lower dependency ratios; and a tripling of migrants’ remittances45. Notably, endowments (such as

___________________________________________________________________________ 44 Ahmed, S.A. (2012). FAO/WB Cooperative Programme on Dynamics of Rural Growth - Assignment Summary Report, FAO, Investment Centre Division (dated 18 October 2012). 45 Inchauste, G. et. al. (2013). What is Behind the Decline in Poverty Since 2000? Background Paper for World Development Report 2013, World Bank; World Bank, Bangladesh Development Update. April, Dhaka.

Figure 12: Wages in agriculture and other sectors

Source: BBS

20

assets or education), public transfers and greater equality were not major pathways in poverty reduction in that decade.

In the absence of evidence to the contrary, we expect that poverty continued to decline after 2010, the most recent year with an official estimate, because since then the economy grew with no marked escalation in inequality detected. Other indicators are supportive of this position. Real wages rose (as discussed above); domestic migration continued to help smooth inter-sectoral and inter-temporal imbalances in growth and consumption; and remittances from international migration increased and is forecasted to reach USD 14.7 billion in 2012-13, a 17% year-on-year rise. The Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (IFPRI 2013)46 shows DCI rural poverty (calorie intake less than 2122 kcals) at 35.3% in 2011-12 compared to 39.5% registered in the HIES 2005.

However, the pace of poverty-reduction could slow somewhat because of: 1) weak outlook in agricultural output growth, the main driver of rural consumption growth; 2) negative wealth effects resulting from deflating asset markets (stocks, housing and land); 3) forecasted slight slowing of GDP growth due to the impacts of the Euro-crisis and Bangladesh’s parliamentary elections47. Pro-poor extension services, community protection of natural resources, new seeds and affordable inputs to address climate change, and access to water and land continue to constrain the extent to which the poor share in economic growth and stabilise their access to food. The Government targets by 2021 a fall of poverty incidence below 15% under its Vision 202148. Trends in food versus general prices Figure 13 shows that since 2006 food price inflation generally exceeded non-food price inflation with the exception of two periods: 1) February to August 2009 and 2) December 2011 to December 2012. In 2012, food price inflation declined, as a continuation of a longer trend started from a peak in March 2011; but since October 2012, food price inflation has increased again, whilst non-food price inflation continued to decline. The food price inflation has closely followed the trend in rice price given the weight of the latter in CPI.

Figure 13 also shows that since the food price crisis, food price inflation has experienced a cyclical trend of almost 3 year duration, with peaks in early 2008 and late 2010 and slumps in mid-2009 and late 2012. Unpredicted volatility in food prices heightens food insecurity because

___________________________________________________________________________ 46 IFPRI (2013), op. cit. 47 World Bank (2013). Bangladesh Development Update. April, Dhaka. 48 Muhammad Abdur Razzaque (2013). Vision 2021: Bangladesh Charts a Path toward Food Security, http://southasia.ifpri.info/files/2013/03/Book_2013_GFPR_w80.pdf

Figure 13: Point to point general, food and non-foodinflation

0

3

6

9

12

15

De

c-0

5

May

-06

Oct

-06

Mar

-07

Au

g-0

7

Jan

-08

Jun

-08

No

v-0

8

Ap

r-0

9

Sep

-09

Feb

-10

Jul-

10

De

c-1

0

May

-11

Oct

- 11

Mar

-12

Au

g-1

2

% p

rice

infl

atio

n

General Food Non food

Source: BBS

21

many households are not adequately insured or otherwise protected, neither as consumers nor as producers. Volatility can also have knock-on effects on agricultural labour supply. Recent reports suggest the fall in rice price of early harvested boro can make labour migration less attractive, as wages are sometimes paid in paddy instead of cash, in haor and beel areas (with consequent shortage of labour for the harvest)49. On the other hand, low or reducing food price inflation harms producers and benefits consumers. According to HIES 2010, food constitutes 71% of total expenditure for the lowest expenditure decile of households, compared to 41% for the highest decile, implying that the poor benefit more from reducing food prices. Many poor rural households switch between being net producers and net consumers depending on the season, though they remain net consumers on a yearly basis. The share of food on total expenditure for the lowest decile is not significantly different between urban (75%) rural households (70%) so that the impact of price changes is not significantly different for urban and rural poor. 3.3.2 Issues and policy challenges

Progressive achievement of the right to food The normative framework for the right to food in Bangladesh is provided by Article 15(a) of the Bangladesh Constitution; Article 11 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; Article 6 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; Articles 24 and 27 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child; and Articles 12 and 14 on the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women. These commit Bangladesh to “respect”, “protect” and “fulfil” the right to food – each implying a different level of obligation. Recently, several NGOs, including Oxfam, Action Aid, Angikar Bangladesh Foundation and Campaign for Sustainable Rural Livelihoods, have held national forums and briefings with parliamentarians on the right to food.50

Food, as a human right, means that it should be accessible regardless of purchasing power. Although the Government runs many food and non-food based safety net programmes to alleviate poverty and food insecurity, they are not run within an explicit rights-based framework, which implies a weaker entitlement whereby a person has the possibility, but not the right, to receive support to access food.

A strength of the rights-based approach is its systematic attention to inclusion, and in this regard, an NGO-umbrella organisation, called Shiree, launched on 30 November 2012 a Manifesto for the Extreme Poor. Involving stakeholders from Government, civil society, donors and the extreme poor, the manifesto includes recommendations to reduce extreme poverty, with potentially great practical relevance for addressing rights to food, by highlighting and substantiating the social and economic challenges to be addressed with respect to this particularly vulnerable group. Migration as self-protection Migration continues to be a major means to protect food access by households. International remittances exceeded 1.0 billion USD for 16 consecutive months until March

___________________________________________________________________________ 49 Wardad Y. (2013). Rice price fall hits migratory farm workers. Financial Express, 30 April 2012, http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/more.php?news_id=128292&date=2012-04-30. 50 Analysis: The right to food in Bangladesh, http://www.irinnews.org/Report/97303/Analysis-The-right-to-food-in-Bangladesh.

22

2013, and amounted to over a tenth of GDP.51 Whilst there is some policy recognition concerning international migration, the policy issues regarding internal migration remain far less clearly articulated. This stands against the much greater importance for poorer households of internal migration rather than international migration. Migration is costly and risky, and the risks are largely uninsured and privately borne, and therefore international migration, although potentially more rewarding, is undertaken by better-off households. The cost structure of internal migration is accessible to a wider population, ranging from a reported zero cost for around a fifth of migrants and under-1500 taka cost for another third of migrants52.

Migrants on average consumed over 2.7% more calories per capita than non-migrants, and their family members left behind in rural areas consumed 3.3% more calories than those without a migrant in the family53. Whilst overall 2.8 times as much remittance comes from international migrants than internal migrants, amongst the poorest expenditure quintile this is reversed with 2.5 times as much remittance money coming from internal migrants than international migrants54. Remittances amount to 4.1% of household expenditure in the poorest quintile, in which internal migration is 2.9%55. Remittances are least in poorer divisions, Khulna, Rajshahi and Rangpur56. Randomised control trials in Bangladesh show that more households would migrate if the risks of migration were insured. Insurance mechanisms are policy measures that support migration such as special schemes for credit provision and cash incentives to help households avoid financially risky coping strategies such as borrowing from money-lenders or liquidation of assets.57 Promoting decent work through employment and skill development Earnings from employment are the main pathway to access food for households, especially poor households whose main asset is their labour. Public safety nets do not reach many poor households, and for many that do receive benefits, the amounts are vital for survival but often too little to help much beyond that, and therefore work remains the main ladder out of poverty for most households.

The Labour Force Survey Report 2011 estimates the number of unemployed at 2.6 million, of which 1.7 million are in rural areas and 0.9 million in urban areas. Domestic employment generation is projected to be just enough to absorb new workers – at the current employment elasticity of growth (0.4), around 1.3 to 1.6 million jobs could be generated per year until 2017, leading to a slightly declining unemployment rate from 13.6% in 2012 to 11.6% in 2017.58

The informal sector remains a large source of employment with consequent impacts on reliable access to food. The share of employment in the informal sector has declined from 80% in 2000 to 71% in 2010 – the figures in rural employment are 86% and 82%

___________________________________________________________________________ 51 Bangladesh Bank (2013). Selected Macroeconomic Indicators of Bangladesh, Monetary Policy Department, 10 April. 52 Hossain, M. Z., J. U. Ahmed and M. H. Kazal (2013). Rural-urban Migration and its Implications for Food Security in Bangladesh. NFPCSP supported Research Report. FAO, Dhaka. 53 Hossain, M. Z., J. U. Ahmed and M. H. Kazal (2013). Ibid. 54 IFPRI (2013). Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey 2011-12. 55 IFPRI (2013). ibid. 56 IFPRI (2013). ibid. 57 Khandker, S. R and W. Mahmud (2012). Seasonal Hunger and Public Policies: Evidence from Northwest Bangladesh. World Bank 58 World Bank (2013). Bangladesh Development Update, April.

23

respectively, and for urban employment are 54% and 44%59. The informal sector accounted for more than 40% of the total gross value added of Bangladesh in 2010, with the highest contributions in agriculture, fishery, trade, and industries where capitalization is relatively lower.60 Casual/irregularly paid workers work an average of 54 hours a week, while the unpaid family worker works 35 hours per week.

Skills development for participation in economic activities at home and abroad will contribute to higher productivity and incomes. The policy framework in this regard has been strengthened. The National Education Policy 2010 promotes skills development, introduces pre-vocational education and the need to adjust formal education to job market needs. The National Skills Development Policy 2011 expands the scope to include pre-employment training and job-centred courses. The National Education Act is under development. However, problems remain in disseminating the Skills Development Policy across all sub-sectors, closing huge coordination gaps and monitoring change.61 Income inequality high but slightly improved The results of HIES 2010 showed that 24.6% of total income is concentrated in the top 5% of households, while the bottom 5% accounts for 0.78% of the total income. Income inequality (measured by Gini coefficient) improved only marginally nationwide from 0.467 in 2005 to 0.458 in 2010, as a result of increasing disparity between urban and rural areas62: income distribution deteriorated in rural areas (Gini coefficient increasing from 0.428 to 0.431), while improving significantly in urban areas (Gini coefficient decreasing from 0.497 to 0.452). Gini coefficient higher than 0.40 indicated that gross income inequality exists both in rural and urban areas63. This needs to be addressed by promoting a more pro-poor, inclusive growth pattern and a reinforced focus on rural development.

A great deal of disparity was also observed across the Divisions of the country. The highest average monthly household income was recorded in Chittagong Division at 14,092 taka followed by Dhaka Division at 13,226 taka. The regions having lower monthly household incomes were Rangpur, Rajshahi and Khulna. Monthly income in Rangpur was almost half than in Chittagong Division (HIES 2010). Beside the greater Rangpur region, areas along the southern coastal belt have now emerged as new poverty pockets because of changes in agro climatic environment, including salinity intrusion and increased frequency, severity and unpredictability of natural disasters64.

The Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) conducted in 2011 reveals the distribution of assets in terms of a household wealth index. In urban areas, 55% of the assets are owned by the wealthiest quintile and 6% by the poorest one; the corresponding figures in rural areas are 9% and 26%.

Regarding food consumption, national average per capita daily food intake increased from 952 grams in 2005 to 1000 grams in 2010, following a similar trend in rural and urban locations. Per capita rice consumption declined to 441.6 grams in rural areas and 344.2

___________________________________________________________________________ 59 Zhang, X. et. al. (2013). Rising Wages in Bangladesh. IFPRI Discussion Paper 01249, Washington DC. 60 ADB (2012). The Informal Sector and Informal Employment in Bangladesh, Asian Development Bank Manila. 61 Ahmed, T. (2013). Skills Development in Bangladesh Presented to the LCG on Education, 11 April. 62 In absolute term, monthly household expenditure was 62% higher for urban than for rural households. 63 IFPRI (2013), however, found significantly lower income inequality: Gini coefficient was 0.307 at national level, varying from 0.273 in Rangpur and 0.319 in Sylhet region. 64 Khandker, S. R and W. Mahmud (2012) op.cit.

24

grams in urban areas65. Consumption of relatively expensive food items such as milk and dairy, edible oil, meat, egg, fish, fruits and spices were higher in urban than in rural areas. As a result, the rural diet is significantly more unbalanced than the urban one with clear implications for nutritional outcomes. Access to food remains unstable Food security is achieved only when food is accessible all the time in adequate quantity and quality. The BDHS (2011) found a fifth of ever-married women aged 15-49 reporting that inthe 12 months before survey they ‘sometimes’, ‘rarely’ or ‘never’ had three square meals, defined as “full stomach” meals– and this rose to nearly half in the least wealthy quintile. Greater stability of access to food is indicated by those reporting ‘mostly’, as was the case for nearly everybody in the richest wealth quintile. In other words, about 20% of the adult women could not secure stable access to food neither through the market nor through public protective provisioning.

World Bank (2012)66 showed that in Rangpur the incidence of starvation varied across districts from 2% to 17% in the non-monga period and 26% to 58% during the monga period, the hungry season. The extent of full meals varied from 30% to 60% in the non-monga period and from 1% to 13% during the monga period67. The study suggests that in designing poverty alleviation and food security programmes, all seasonal, regional and intra-regional dimensions need to be taken into consideration. Access to food is also increasingly constrained by civil disturbances which cause disruption in mobility and slow down of business activities causing income losses68. For day labourers, it can cause the loss of dailyrevenue, threatening food security of the family 69.

3.4. NFP Objective 3 outcomes 3.4.1. Assessment Objective 3 of the NFP is to ensure adequate nutrition for all individuals, especially women and children. The assessment gives particular attention to dietary energy supply and intake, chronic energy deficiency among women, complementary feeding and micronutrient status. Dietary energy supply The share of cereals on Dietary Energy Supply (DES) hardly declined since the mid -90s; from 79.6% in 1995/96, to 78.1% in 2005-07 and 78.3% in 2007-09 (Table 5). This indicates that the supply of rice and wheat increased in line with the supply of other sources of calories.

___________________________________________________________________________ 65 The IFPRI (2013) study focusing exclusively on rural people, reported on average higher rice consumption (495.5 grams per capita per day) compared to the HIES 2010 results, with the lowest expenditure quintile consuming 427.3 grams compared to 565.2 grams in the top quintile. However, total per capita calorie consumption was estimated at 2243 kcal per capita per da y, significantly below the 2344.6 kcal per capita per day estimated for rural people in the 2010 HIES survey. Thus the IFPRI study points out an even more unbalanced composition of the rural diet than the HIES survey. 66 Khandker, S. R. and W. Mahmud (2012), op. cit. 67 It needs to be mentioned that the World Bank study of 2012 is based on data from household survey conducted by the Institute of Microfinance in the year 2006. Anecdotal evidence suggest that the severity of food deprivation in the monga-prone areas has been minimized to a considerable extent through introduction of short duration aman rice varieties such as BRRI Dhan 33, BINA 7 and also through intensification of safety net measures under public and private initiatives. 68 UNDP (2005). Beyond Hartals: Towards Democratic Dialogue in Bangladesh. UNDP, Bangladesh. March 2005. 69 The Financial Express, Dhaka. 30 April, 2012.

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Per capita calorie supply is correlated with reduced undernutrition, especially at the lowest daily per capita energy supplies (below 2300 kcal/person)70. However, caloric adequacy is necessary but insufficient to address under-nutrition. Among countries meeting the MDG target to halve undernourishment, an indicator of caloric adequacy, less than a third are on track to meet the MDG target to halve child underweight. The trends in DES and dietary energy intake by food groups are discussed in more detail under section 6.1. Table 5: NFP Objective 3: Selected performance indicators

*This was 42% in 2007 and 37% in 2011 using the less restricted definition of minimum acceptable diet as per WHO recommendations.

Dietary energy intake Undernourishment, i.e. inadequate caloric intakes, still requires considerable attention. In the last 15 years (Table 6), per capita caloric intakes increased by slightly more than 4 calories per year. At this rate, 28 years would be needed to close the gap of 112 kcal between current per capita calorie consumption and the average normative requirement of 2,430 kcal. Consumption of cereals, including rice, decreased, both in absolute and relative terms, and had positive impact on dietary diversity (also see Programme 10). Indeed, as incomes grow, consumption patterns evolve towards more energy dense foods, such as animal products and edible oils.

Table 6: Intake of dietary energy, cereals and rice, 1995 - 2010

Source: HIES various years

The double burden of malnutrition among women A woman’s nutritional status results from her current food consumption, level of health, dietary composition, care received since childhood and past demands on health, such as during pregnancies. Low pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI)71 and short stature are

___________________________________________________________________________ 70 Smith LC and L Haddad (2000). Explaining child malnutrition in developing countries: A cross country analysis, IFPRI, Washington DC. 71 By normalizing the weight of an individual over their height, the Body Mass Index (BMI) gives an indication of the thinness or obesity of

CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators 2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Target Source

National dietary energy supply from cereals (%)

78.1% (av. 2005-07)

78.3% (av.2007-09)

na na 60% (recommended) FAO - RAP

National dietary energy intake from cereals (%)

73% (2005)

na 70 na 60% (recommended) BBS, HIES

Chronic energy deficiency prevalence among women (BMI <18.5) (%)

33%

na

na 24.2% 20%

by 2015 BDHS

Proportion of children receiving minimum acceptable diet at 6-23 months of age (%)

na* na na 21% 52 by 2016

(HPNSDP MoHFW)

BDHS

Proportion of households consuming iodized salt (%)

na na na 82.3% 100% BDHS

Source/Year Energy intake (kcal) Cereals, g (En%) Rice, g (En%) HIES 1995 -96 2254 509 (78%) 464 (71%) HIES 2000 2240 487 (75%) 458 (71%) HIES 2005 2238 469 (73%) 440 (68%) HIES 2010 2318 464 (70%) 416 (62%)

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known risk factors for maternal health and birth outcomes. A strong correlation exists between maternal nutrition and the length of pregnancy and birth weight. High incidence of low birth weight indicates the poor health status of the mother, inadequate antenatal care and the need for improved care of newborn babies72.

A BMI below 18.5 is indicative of Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED), leading to low work productivity and reduced resistant to illness. BDHS (2011) found that the proportion of women with CED (BMI<18.5) is 24% and the proportion of overweight (BMI≥25) is 16.5%. These results are confirmed by the FSNSP73 (2012) findings, which show also slight seasonal variations. According to BDHS (2011), women in the top wealth quintile are 7 times more likely to be overweight or obese, compared to those in the lowest wealth quintile.

Despite over a decade of Information, Education and Communication (IEC) activities, the persistence of high levels of women’s malnutrition suggests that in many cases knowledge among women of healthy nutrition practices have not been translated into action74. Interventions that tackle the direct and immediate factors of women’s undernutrition should target also the adolescent period and should be scaled up to cover at least 70% of the total population to show tangible outcomes75. Deterioration in children’s minimum acceptable diets Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) is the cornerstone in ensuring good nutritional status and development of children. Improving feeding practices and timely introduction of appropriate complementary foods are critical to prevent stunting. The proportion of children receiving a minimum acceptable diet was 42% in 2007 which declined to 37% in 2011 using a comparable and a less restricted definition of appropriate complementary feeding. However, using a stricter definition, one-in-five infants and young children (21%) aged 6 to 23 months have minimum acceptable diets which reflects a substantial decline in appropriate complementary feeding76. Other surveys such as FSNSP (2012) point to slight improvement in child dietary quality indicators with a little over a third of infants and young children taking a minimum acceptable diet as

___________________________________________________________________________ an individual and thereby information about the macro-and micronutrient contribution of the diet consumed as well as the women’s nutritional status. 72 Yasmeen S et. al. (2011). Status of low birth weight at a tertiary level hospital in Bangladesh for a selected period of time, South East Asia Journal of Public Health,1:24-27. 73 The FSNSP (2012). Report on the State of Food Security and Nutrition in Bangladesh 2011 shows that 22% of women are undernourished and an even larger proportion are overweight (32%) but the latter result is based on a common cut off point for Asian women ( BMI range 18.5 to 23) rather than a specific one for Bangladesh. 74 Shannon K et. al. (2008). The Social and Environmental Factors Underlying Maternal Malnutrition in Rural Bangladesh: Implications for Reproductive Health and Nutrition Programmes, Health Care for Women International, 29:826–840. 75 Tahmeed A et. al. (2012) Nutrition of Children and Women in Bangladesh: Trends and Directions for the Future, Journal of Health Population and Nutrition, 30(1): 1–11. 76 BDHS (2011). Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2011. National Institute of Population research and Tra ining (NIPORT), Dhaka.

Figure 14: Core indicators of IYCF

6560 57

22 21

7773

77

6660

89 88 9387

81

0

20

40

60

80

100

Early Initiation of

Breastfeeding

Exclusive Breastfeeding

Initiation of Complementary

Feeding

Animal Food Hand washing with soap

before child feeding

Pe

rce

nt

2010 2011 2012 Source: Adapted from Alive and Thrive/ BRAC (2012)

27

per the strict definition complying with WHO recommendations77. Over the last three years, community-based interventions and national media campaigns are improving IYCF practices among 8.5 million households with children less than 2 years of age78 - see Figure 14. An important gap for the enhancement of IYCF practices has been the absence of adequate tools. To fill this gap the Bangladesh Breastfeeding Foundation (BBF) has developed a complementary feeding manual using a “trials of improved practices” (TIPS) methodology79. It provides science-based guidance for mothers and care givers on types and quantities of foods, recipes, preparation and processing methods for appropriate complementary feeding80. Consumption of iodized salt BDHS 201181 showed that 82% of households consumed iodized salt, but the adequacy of iodization has not been reported. Trends in the usage of iodized salt in 109 programme upazilas of the NNP from 2004 to 2010 are shown in Figure 15. As of 2010, 92% of households in these upazilas consumed iodized salt, compared to 61% in 2004. However, there are concerns regarding the adequacy of iodine content in the salt sold and consumed. The 2011-2012 National Micronutrient Survey found that 80% of households use iodized salt (≥5%) while a meagre 57.6%82 on average take adequately iodized salt (≥ 15 ppm), with variability from 52% to 65% across socioeconomic groups (Table 7). The same survey shows that 76% of households use ‘brand salt’ while around a fourth use open salt. Moreover, there is a concern regarding how the salt is stored at household level, given that iodine is easily lost when salt is not kept in closed containers.

Table 7: Use of adequately iodized salt

Income category Percent Poorest 51.9 Poorer 56.3 Middle 57.8 Richer 64.8 Richest 65.1

Source: National Micronutrient Status Survey 2012

___________________________________________________________________________ 77 James P Grant School of Public Health (JPGSPH) and Hellen Keller International (HKI) (2012). State of Food Security and Nutrition in Bangladesh: 2011, JPGSPH and HKI, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 78 http://www.aliveandthrive.org/where-we-work/country/bangladesh 79 http://www.fao.org/ag/humannutrition/nutritioneducation/70106/en/ 80 BBF/FPMU/NFPCSP/FAO (2013) A Complementary Feeding Manual for Bangladesh. 81 NFP PoA and CIP Monitoring Report 2012. 82 National Micronutrient Status Survey, 2012.

Figure 15: Households using iodized salt in 109 National Nutrition Programme Upazilas

61

8285 86

94 92 92

50

60

70

80

90

100

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Perc

ent

Source: Health Bulletin 2012

28

Prevalence of anaemia and intake of iron rich foods Iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a common anaemia (haemoglobin levels <12g/dl) caused by insufficient dietary intake and absorption of iron, and/or iron loss from bleeding which can be from a variety of sources such as intestinal, uterine or from the urinary tract.

The national prevalence of anaemia is 33.1% amongst preschool children, 19.1% amongst 6-11 year olds, 17.1% amongst 12-14 year olds and 26% amongst non-pregnant, non-lactating women (NPNL). The current prevalence of anaemia appears to be lower than the earlier nationally representative estimates. The exact reasons for the decline are unclear. However, a number of interventions have been put in place to address maternal anemia through iron and folic acid supplementation during pregnancy, antenatal care and nutrition counselling. Findings also pointed to very high iron levels in groundwater consumed through drinking water. Further, the current survey made use of a different assessment method compared to the one previously used which has varying reliability and accuracy.

Recent estimates report that dietary iron provides 41-82% of the RDA across population groups by age and sex. The dietary pattern of adolescent girls in Dhaka indicates poor consumption of milk, liver and leafy vegetables. The prevalence of anaemia among adolescents was 23% - and the results suggest that the majority knew what they needed to do to improve their nutrition, but not how to do it. Sixty five percent had correct knowledge about the causes of anaemia, 72% about its prevention and 80% about its treatment, but 74% were unaware of the sources of iron-rich foods.83 Given the overall poor nutritional status of urban adolescent girls, there is need for appropriate nutrition interventions to overcome the problem.

3.4.2 Issues and policy challenges Over the last three decades, Bangladesh put nutrition high on its development agenda. A multisectoral approach involving agriculture, social protection and education is required to provide entry points for improving nutrition outcomes84. Figure 16 shows an analytical framework for the range of required interventions, distinguishing between nutrition specific interventions and nutrition sensitive interventions, which mutually reinforce each other. Without attention to sustainable integrated programming and resilience, food productivity improvements may not result in desirable nutritional outcomes. Explicit attention must be given to the relationships between household agricultural opportunities and decisions, on one hand, and nutritional outcomes on the other. Integration with food safety, water, hygiene, sanitation, vector control and immunization will reduce the impact of disease on nutritional status. This approach is embedded in the AoIs identified in the PoA.

In Bangladesh, the mainstreaming of nutrition is guided by two principles:

1. Intervening at the different stages of the life cycle through the National Nutrition Services, MoHFW with a focus on the first 1000 days of life;

___________________________________________________________________________ 83 Kabir Y. et. al. (2010). Dietary pattern, nutritional status, anaemia and anaemia-related knowledge in urban adolescent college girls of Bangladesh, J Pak Med Assoc. 60(8): 633-8. 84 AED and FAO (2011). Deepening the dialogue: agriculture and nutrition collaboration to enhance global food security. Summary Report from the Open Forum held on November 1, 2010, Washington DC: AED.

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2. Coordinating and ensuring active engagement with other key Government agencies notably, Agriculture, Food, Industries, Local Government, and Women and Children’s Affairs.

To this end, nutrition sensitive analysis should be carried out to maximize the nutritional impact of agricultural and other programmes85. Scaling up National Nutrition Services

Paying special emphasis on children, women, adolescents and underprivileged sections of society, the NNS mainstreams nutrition services within regular operations of DGHS and DGFP under the HPNSDP. Interventions include growth monitoring and promotion; behaviour change communication; micronutrient supplementation; control of iodine deficiency disorders; management of SAM and CMAM; nutrition during emergencies; community based nutrition services; nutrition intervention in hard-to-reach areas; early childhood development; coordination with IMCI programme; non-communicable diseases; and training and capacity building. Relevant nutrition indicators have been identified to monitor progress (Box 2). While training, vitamin A supplementation and some policy related activities are underway, there is need for scaling up all the NNS activities. A Nutrition Task Group is also identifying a set of actions, timelines and responsibilities to support

___________________________________________________________________________ 85 ACF International (2011). Maximizing the nutritional impact of food security and livelihoods interventions : A manual for field workers.

Figure 16: Nutrition status: determinants and interventions

Source: Adapted by World Vision from ‘Strategy for Improved Nutrition of Children and Women in Developing Countries: A UNICEF policy review’ (UNICEF, 1990) and ‘Investing in Early Childhood Nutrition’ (M. Ruel and J. Hoddinott, IFPRI Policy Brief 8, 2008).

Box 2: Progress on National Nutrition Services Until June 2012, NNS achieved 9 out of the 10 OP level indicators. Universal coverage of vitamin A supplementation has been achieved through the National Vitamin A Plus Campaign conducted once in six months. The Steering Committee for Nutrition Implementation (SCNI) headed by the Secretary, MoHFW, meets every quarter for an update and for inter-agency and multi-sectoral coordination. Going forward, NNS needs to implement a comprehensive training program that matches skills of staff with training needs. NNS is trying to coordinate with other OPs, develop accountability mechanisms under the SCNI, partner with NGOs to provide services in hard-to-reach areas; and working to include nutrition indicators in sector-wide management and monitoring by DGHS and DGFP. Strengthened coordination between NNS and FPMU on NFP PoA and CIP monitoring is needed.

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implementation. Issues of enhancing coverage and outreach are being carefully reviewed and addressed in the implementation. Preparations for an Annual Programme Review 2013 are underway. There is need to strengthen linkages between NNS and maternal, neonatal, child and adolescent health services to maximize impact. Enhance the role of women in agriculture and nutrition There is need to acknowledge and maximize the role of women in agriculture, which is not mainly confined to weeding, post-harvesting, processing, and preservation, but to promote technologies that allow balancing agricultural tasks and family care and to strengthen women focused nutrition-sensitive agriculture interventions. Evidence from integrated food and nutrition projects shows that engagement in homestead poultry rearing can increase egg production and consumption by children and reproductive-age women86. Similarly, in a vegetable and polyculture fish production programme there was an increase in vitamin A consumption, improvements in weight-for-age z-scores for children, a decrease in stunting by 28 percentage points among girls and 43 percentage points among boys, and increases in body mass index for women, despite the absence of long-term income effects.87 Implement the Non Communicable Disease (NCD) strategy NCDs88 are becoming increasingly common because of increasing longevity and high prevalence of contributing factors such as tobacco use, obesity, physical inactivity and unhealthy diets. The NCD risk factor survey 2011 revealed that 99% of the population in Bangladesh has at least one risk factor. Prevention programmes are in their early phase as priority is still given to control of infectious diseases. The Non Communicable Disease Control (NCDC) strategy, under the HPNSDP 2011-2016, aims to strengthen health service delivery; promote healthy lifestyle and practices and develop an effective public health surveillance system89. One of the first steps is to facilitate screening of diabetes and hypertension at community clinics in addition to mass awareness campaigns and school curricula update. Multisectoral initiatives that mobilize other sectors like LGRD & C and Ministry of Youth are urgently warranted. Affordable recreational facilities, public parks and nutrition behaviour change clinics and centres to promote healthy life styles and diets need to be established. Improve food safety, hygiene and sanitation There is a need to increase awareness regarding the interconnections between unsafe food and water, unhygienic practices, diseases and malnutrition. Consumer supply and demand for safe and healthy food along with hygiene education, centered on a number of simple messages, are essential to break the cycle of food and water-borne diseases. One of the major determinants in stunting is the access to improved sanitation facilities. According to the BDHS (2011), stunting, particularly among children aged 18 to 23 months is high, perhaps because young children come into contact with faeces in their environment daily and face the risk of infections90, with only 33.7% of households having improved toilet ___________________________________________________________________________ 86 Institute of Nutrition and Food Science (2003). Dhaka University, Tufts University Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy. Bangladesh Integrated Nutrition Project Garden and Poultry Projects: Process and Impact Study. 87 Kumar N, Quisumbing A (2010). Access, Adoption, and Diffusion: Understanding the Long-term Impacts of Improved Vegetable and Fish Technologies in Bangladesh. Discussion Paper 00995. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. 88 Includes coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, cancer and chronic respiratory disease and others. 89 MoHFW/WHO (2011). Strategic Plan for Surveillance and Prevention of Non Communicable Diseases in Bangladesh 2011-2015. 90Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (2012). Water, Sanitation & Hygiene: Strategy Overview. Seattle, USA.

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facilities. There is also a need to create demand for safe water and sanitation facilities. WASH Projects91 that are working on improving access to safe water, sanitation and hygiene practice in hard to reach areas and vulnerable groups, including women and children, need to be scaled up.

___________________________________________________________________________ 91 Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) 2011, UNICEF/WaterAid/others.

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4. Availability: progress towards CIP and NFP PoA outputs

A number of socio-economic and environmental factors such as the reduction of the natural resource base per capita, the increasing threat of climate change, as well as insufficient availability of high quality agricultural inputs reduce the country's potential to achieve adequate and stable supply of safe and nutritious food. The interventions proposed in the CIP address food availability through Programmes 1 to 5, covering agricultural production in the broader sense (crop, fisheries, livestock, agro-forestry, water management and climate change adaptation). These Programmes correspond to eight Areas of Intervention of the NFP PoA. A detailed synoptic description of the interventions planned under the two strategic documents is provided in the following paragraphs. 4.1. Programme 1: Sustainable and diversified agriculture through integrated research and extension

Programme 1 of the CIP focuses on promoting intensification, diversification and resilience to climate change of crop production through the generation and propagation of sustainable technologies. It covers the investments needed to operationalize the NFP PoA AoI 1.1 on research and extension activities and AoI 1.4 on agricultural diversification for crops, and is also relevant for the implementation of the PoA AoI 1.9 on developing early warning systems and AoI 2.1 on agricultural disaster management. 4.1.1. Progress towards achievements

The widespread use of modern or high yielding varieties has helped Bangladesh to move away from serious import dependence to self-sufficiency in rice, despite a substantial increase in population and a decrease in arable land since its independence in 197192. Given a population growth already below 1.3% and projected to reach 1% in the next decade, in presence of declining per capita consumption of rice, a comparable annual growth of rice production should be sufficient to provide adequate supply. However, considering that cultivable land is being lost at an annual rate of 0.5%93, increase in rice yield of at least 2% per year is required in order to maintain the current level of self-sufficiency and allow releasing land and other resources as required for diversifying agricultural production.

Development of new crop varieties accelerated In 2011/12, the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) released three new stress tolerant(BRRI Dhan 55, 56 and 57) and one short duration (BRRI Dhan 58) rice varieties. BRRI Dhan 55, is a moderate salinity and cold-tolerant variety with a per hectare yield of seven tons, particularly suitable for cultivation both in the salinity-prone southern region and in the cold-hit northern region. BRRI Dhan 56 and BRRI Dhan 57 are capable of surviving without rain for up to one month. The short duration BRRI Dhan 58 matures about 7 days earlier than the widely accepted BRRI Dhan 29 and can be particularly suited for haor and flash-

___________________________________________________________________________ 92 Hossain, M., M. L. Bose, and B.A. Mustafi. (2006). Adoption and Productivity Impact of Modern Rice Varieties in Bangladesh. TheDeveloping Economies 44(2): 149–166. 93 Hassan, N. (2013). Trends in the availability of agricultural land in Bangladesh, Draft final report, NFPCSP financed project.

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flood prone areas. BRRI Dhan 58 is the first variety developed in Bangladesh using tissue culture technology94.

Table 8: Progress towards achievement of CIP Programme 1 CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators 2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Source

No. of improved new rice varieties developed by GoB agencies

3 9 2 5 MoA (BRRI and BINA)

No. of new non-rice varieties developed

Wheat 0 2 0 2

MoA (BARI and BINA)

Maize 2 0 0 0 Potato 3 2 0 6 Pulses 0 6 2 5

Vegetables 5 6 5 7 Edible Oilseeds* 0 1 7 7

Fruits 1 6 6 3 No. of farmers trained on sustainable agriculture practices by DAE

1,045,488 1,333,847 1,278,900 1,277,840 DAE

Share of rice on total cropped land 76% 79% 77% 77% BBS HYV rice area as % total rice area (excluding boro hybrid)

72% 73% 76% 77% BBS

Annual change in major crops' production

Rice 5.9% 2.1% 4.9% 1.0%

BBS, Major & Minor Crops Statistics and

communication with Agricultural Wing

Wheat 14.5% 6.1% 7.9% 2.3% Maize 49.7% 21.6% 14.8% 27.5%

Potato 28.7% 50.5% 5.0% -1.4% Pulses -21.0% 12.5% 3.9% 3.3% Brinjal 1.5% 1.1% -0.4% 3.9%

Pumpkin 4.6% 4.3% 0.0% 7.4% Beans -0.1% 0.2% 7.0% -0.4%

Lal Shak 10.1% 6.6% -3.4% 2.6% Edible Oilseeds* 11.4% 11.9% 5.2% 2.7%

Banana -12.7% -2.1% -2.1% -6.8% Guava -0.3% 13.1% 2.9% 1.5%

Mango 4.7% 1.7% 5.5% 6.3% Pineapple -13.4% 2.3% -6.7% -17.2%

Jackfruit 5.4% 3.1% -4.4% -3.6% * Includes til, rape & mustard, groundnut and soya bean

Overall, 61 rice varieties have been developed by BRRI since its establishment in 1970, of which 57 are inbred and 4 are hybrid varieties.95 At present BRRI varieties cover 80% of the rice area and accounts for 90% of the total rice production. In the same year, the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) released one aromatic rice variety of short duration (Bina dhan 9). Four more stress-tolerant rice varieties are expected to be released shortly. Indeed, BRRI is working on two saline-resistant HYV varieties that are expected to facilitate boro rice cultivation in the south, where 10 lakh hectares of land remain uncultivated during the dry season due to salinity intrusion.96BINA is about to release other two submergence-resistant varieties expected to reduce losses caused by flood during aman season. Overall, the new varieties are expected to contribute to enhance resilience and facilitate adaptation to climate change of rice cultivation. In northern regions,

___________________________________________________________________________ 94 Tissue culture is the cultivation of plant cells, tissues, or organs on specially formulated nutrient media. Under the right conditions, an entire plant can be regenerated from a single cell. Tissue culture is seen as an important technology for developing countries for the production of disease-free, high quality planting material and the rapid production of many uniform plants. 95 An inbred rice variety is the result of a cross between two or more different varieties and subsequent selection through several cycles of self-pollination or inbreeding. Normally, each rice flower contains both male and female organs. This allows the plant to reproduce itself through self-pollination or inbreeding. A hybrid is the product of a cross between two genetically distinct rice parents. When the right parents are selected, the hybrid will have both greater vigour and yield than either of the parents. 96 Parvez, S. More climate-smart rice seeds to reach farmers this year, The Daily Star, Jan 3, 2013.

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cold resistant varieties of wheat would be helpful. In addition, BRRI is also working to develop vitamin and iron fortified rice varieties.

For other crops, in 2011/12, the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) developed 2 disease resistant varieties of wheat, 3 high yielding varieties of pulses, 5 of vegetables including 3 hybrids for brinjal and tomato, 6 of potato and 3 of fruits. BINA developed 2 pulses, 7 oilseeds and 1 vegetable variety. Research activities related to development of wheat, potato, pulses and vegetables varieties have accelerated in 2011/12 as 20 new varieties have been developed compared to only 7 in 2010/11 (Table 8). This progress can have positive impacts on crop diversification if the corresponding extension services are also developed. In addition to NARS institutes, other institutions such as the Bangladesh Agricultural University and BRAC are contributing to developing varieties. At present BRAC is researching on rice, maize and vegetables in its nine agricultural farms in different agro-ecological zones of the country in collaboration with national and international organizations.97 No increase in numbers of farmers trained The Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) with 12,875 Sub-Assistant Agricultural Officers (SAAOs) operating all over the country is the main provider of training to farmers, although various other government and non-government agencies also provide training to promote environmentally sustainable practices in the use of soil, water and chemical inputs. The number of farmers trained by DAE decreased slightly to 12.78 lakh in 2011/12 from 12.79 lakh in 2010/11, mainly due to reduction in project based formal training from 7.1 lakh farmers in 2010/11 to 6.0 lakh farmers in 2011/1298. The effectiveness of DAE is constrained by the availability of resources to finance costs additional to salaries, such as transportation, communications, fiscal infrastructure and others, which are often financed through projects.99 Area planted to rice remained stable, productivity increased The share of rice on total cropped land remained stable at 77% in 2011/12 after 2 years of slow decline. This indicates that production growth was only driven by intensification. Indeed, the share of HYV rice on total rice area increased slightly to 77% in 2011/12 from 76% in 2010/11 with a steady increase since 2007/08. This shift contributed to increase average rice yield. However, the utilization of hybrid rice varieties during the boro season continues its downward trend after the breakthrough registered in the aftermath of the food price crises (Figure 17). Reportedly, available hybrid varieties ___________________________________________________________________________ 97 http://www.brac.net/content/bangladesh-agriculture-food-security-agriculture-research-and-development#.UVEVQcr2rPY 98 DAE delivers two types of trainings: the informal day to day advice provided by the SAAOs and the formal training imparted through different projects under DAE. 99 USAID (2011). Transformation of agricultural research, education and extension in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Agricultural Transformation Program Publication 9, Washington DC.

Figure 17: Boro rice varieties

2.7% 2.6% 2.3% 1.7% 1.5%

80.1% 80.2% 83.1% 84.6% 85.1%

17.2% 17.3% 14.6% 13.8% 13.4%

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have unattractive physicochemical characteristics, while problems have emerged in terms of high seed cost compared to grain quality and price, inconsistent yield performance, acceptability by some public sector extensionists, researchers and to some extent policy makers.100 Production growth slowed down for rice and wheat, but is picking up for vegetables The growth of foodgrain production has slowed down in 2011/12 with an annual increase of 1.0% and 2.3% for rice and wheat, respectively, compared to 4.9% and 7.9% a year earlier (Table 8). Maize production registered a record yearly increase of 27.5%. Potato production marginally declined, contributing, jointly with the increasing storage costs, to sustain prices, while new export opportunities are being explored101. Pulses and oilseeds production continued to rise though at a reduced rate compared to the previous year. Vegetable production accelerated, but fruits exhibit mixed trends: mango and guava maintained the upward trend while banana, pineapple and jackfruit production declined. Some crop diversification but no significant recent agricultural diversification Over the last 10 years, area under wheat, oilseeds, pulses, sugarcane and fruits declined, while maize, vegetables, spices and potato expanded. Between 2007/08 and 2010/11, wheat, maize, sugarcane and fruits area dropped respectively by 4%, 26%, 10% and 5% (Figure 18). By contrast, pulses, oilseeds, vegetables, spices and potato area rose by 11%, 6%, 29%, 7% and 15%, respectively. In other words, pulses and oilseeds area rebounded from a negative trend. For maize the decline is explained by the record expansion in area planted, registered in 2007/08, but -except for this special year- the growing trend continues. Vegetables area increased steadily, while fruits area declined, though at a slower pace in the last few years. Wheat area continues declining, albeit at a slower pace in more recent years, whilst potato area continued expanding at sustained rates. Different factors contributed to this development, including the change in evolution of demand and change in relative profitability of the various crops, as well as the availability of newly developed modern varieties -especially for pulses and oilseeds- and related extension services.

___________________________________________________________________________ 100 Rashid, H. et.al. (2011). A study on hybrid rice in Bangladesh, report submitted to IFPRI. 101 It is reported that Agri concern Bangladesh, a NGO, started exporting quality potatoes to different foreign countries, particularly Malaysia and Singapore. http://www.thedailystar.net/beta2/news/quality-potatoes-for-export-but-priced-too-low/

Figure 18: Area under major non-rice crops

0

15

30

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90

Lakh

acr

e

Jute

Spices

Vegetables

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Source: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics

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Agricultural diversification improved in the earlier part of the last decade but deteriorated thereafter (Figure 19) as shown by the fact that the share of rice on total agricultural value added after falling by over 5% between 2000/01 and 2006/07 has partly recovered thereafter. Conversely, the increase in minor crops registered in the first part of the decade has partly reversed, though there are some limited sign of recovery in the last few years. Animal production has similarly expanded till 2006/07, but has slowly declined thereafter. The share of fishery has remained quite stable at about 22% of agricultural GDP, while forestry has slowly but consistently expanded. Overall, it appears that in terms of share on GDP, the relative share of rice during the first part of the last decade has been reverted by the food price crises, which gave new impetus to rice production and price. This trend seems however, to have reached a maximum.

4.1.2. Policy developments/programmes underway and needs for further action

Enhance research and knowledge generation in a sustainable manner The CIP (2011) subprogramme 1.1 emphasizes the role of research and technology development to increase productivity in varied ecosystems. This requires strengthening human, physical and institutional capacities of key research players. Under this subprogramme, the CIP 2013 includes 4 completed, 28 ongoing and 2 pipeline projects, for the enhancement of knowledge generation and adoption to increase agricultural productivity and diversity in a sustainable manner. Out of the ongoing projects, 15 were initiated in 2010-11 and eight more in 2011-12. Total financing under this subprogramme stands at 144.2 million USD or 2.3% of the total financed CIP, out of which 94.5 million USD are financed by the government and the remaining 46.6 million USD by various Development Partners.

Subprogramme 1.3 “Promote the development of responses to adapt agricultural systems to climate change” includes 4 ongoing projects specifically focusing on research and extension for climate adaptation, of which 2 were started in FY 2011-12. The subprogramme has a financed budget of 112.7 million USD (1.8% of total CIP), out of which 58.4 million USD is financed by DPs. More importantly, the pipeline now consists of 13 projects for a total of 389.1 million USD.

In order to strengthen research capacity, the Government has increased the budget for the research institutes under NARS (including BARC) from 4.03 billion taka in 2011/12 to 4.90 billion taka in 2012/13102 with an increased share in total National Budget from 0.25% to ___________________________________________________________________________ 102 MTBF, MoA. http://www.mof.gov.bd/en/budget/12_13/mtbf/en/MBF_43_Agriculture_English.pdf

Figure 19: Share of subsectors in agricultural GDP

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Paddy

Other major cropsMinor crops Animal farming

ForestryFishing

Source: BBS

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0.26%. The SFYP emphasized the need to re-examine focus and priorities of the present research system so as to avoid fragmentation and duplications, re-orient its focus from commodity to farming system; and promote problem solving research tailored to different agro-ecological zones. Equally important is to reinforce the link between research and extension.

Bangladesh Agricultural Research Vision-2030103 has identified the following research priorities: ensuring food security and consumption of safe and nutritious food; enhancing capacity on knowledge generation and management; exploiting the potentials of bio-technology; valorizing breeding options for crop improvement; identifying technological interventions required in unfavorable agri-ecosystems; enhancing efficiency of natural resources management; strengthening mechanization; fostering adaption to climate change and bio-risk management; promoting agricultural diversification; and improving post-harvest management and value addition. A variety development policy for the development of stress resistant, early-maturity and short duration crop variety has been drafted by BARC104.

The “Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council Act” approved in 2011 aims at fostering coordination of research activities conducted by different institutes. This Act strengthens BARC’s coordinating role making it responsible for allocating financial resources to the various NARS institutes and for the approval of the research programmes conducted by all of the institutes which, however, remain under the supervision of different ministries. This is expected to reduce duplication of research efforts and enhance accountability.105 Improvement of agricultural extension services The PoA and CIP stressed on improvement of extension services to propagate knowledge and practices, supported by community based experimentation and learning and indigenous knowledge. Interventions are needed in the areas of technology adoption and community-based learning (farmers’ skill training, soil health improvement, cultivation of quick growing fruits and vegetables, farm mechanization, vaccines, treatment of animals, etc.) and promotion of sustainable agriculture, livestock and fishery, including implementation of the Southern Delta Master Plan. For the success of these interventions, human and infrastructural capacities of organizations engaged in the delivery of extension services, including DAE, DLS and DoF, require strengthening. In this regard, the CIP 2013 under subprogramme 1.2 “Improve extension service to propagate knowledge and practices, supported by community-based experimentation and learning and indigenous knowledge" includes, in addition to 7 completed projects, 24 ongoing projects, of which 9 started in FY 2010 -11 and 6 in 2011-12. Completed and ongoing projects account for a budget of 204.5 million USD, of which 158 are financed by the government and the rest by DPs. The subprogramme absorbs 3.3% of the total CIP financed budget. Additional 12 projects are in the pipeline and expect financing for a total of 227 million USD.

___________________________________________________________________________ 103 BARC (2012). Agricultural Research Vision 2030, Final Report (http://www.pcu-natp.gov.bd/pdf/20120503041218_FinalAgriculturalResearchVision-2030.pdf) 104 http://www.moa.gov.bd/Flood_Damage/policy_converted.pdf 105 Rahija, M. et.al. (2011).Bangladesh: recent development in Public agricultural research, country note, ASTI.

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As mentioned above, DAE with a force of 12,875 extension workers and 2000 extension personnel remains the largest public extension agency with presence at national, divisional, district, upazila and village levels. Along with DAE, a variety of other agents is involved in the delivery of extension services. These include public research cum extension organizations, Agricultural Universities, donor supported rural development programmes, non-government organizations, private agro-chemical input suppliers, public community development and agricultural extension service providers, etc. However, this plurality of agents is not always able to address all farmers' needs, especially in marginal areas such as char, haor and river bank areas. To coordinate, enhance capacity and maximize impacts of the extension system, the government has recently revised the New Agricultural Extension Policy (1996) adopting the National Agricultural Extension Policy (NAEP, 2012). The main facets of the new policy are: coordination and integration of the extension services; implementation of a market-led, demand responsive, pluralistic and decentralized bottom-up approach to extension; support to farmers groups and promotion of public-private partnerships; strengthening the one-stop service centres; digitalization of agricultural services; reinforcing research-extension-farmers’ linkages and farmers’ linkages with marketing and processing; promotion and adoption of biotechnology, organic and green farming, homestead gardening and farm mechanization; supporting urban agriculture; enhanced disaster management and adaptation to climate change; supply of quality seeds and other inputs; addressing gender issues in agriculture by valorizing and encourage women’s participation; and strengthening monitoring and evaluation.

The needs for further action in this area include:

Focusing on coordinated, demand-driven and integrated research: In line with the SFYP, the research system needs to be focused on coordination and integration for avoiding fragmentation and duplicating of its efforts. The research approach needs to be increasingly focused on farming systems or integrated production systems rather than individual commodities. Its planning, programme monitoring and coordination must be strengthened. The Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council Act, approved in 2011, and the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Vision 2030, adopted in 2012, are important steps in this direction and need to be fully implemented.

Allocating of larger budget for agricultural research: Public spending in agricultural research is very low in Bangladesh compared to even neighbouring countries such as India. Bangladesh’s agricultural research intensity measured by agricultural R&D spending as a share of agricultural GDP stood at 0.32% in 2009 against 0.4% in India106. Research funding needs to be scaled up in order to allow the technological breakthrough needed to secure the required intensification, diversification, sustainability and resilience to climate change and natural disasters of national agriculture. In presence of a tight budget constraint, a trade-off emerges between funding allocation to research versus other agricultural expenditures such as input subsidies.

Strengthening of human, physical and institutional capacities of key research institutes: The number of researchers and their skills are significantly below requirement. In 2010, more than 20% of scientific positions remained unfilled107. In 2011/12, only 43% of total budget allocated to research institutes under NARS is

___________________________________________________________________________ 106 http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/astisouthasiasynthesis.pdf 107 Rahija, M. et.al. op.cit.

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identified as the development budget and is mainly used for financing research projects, while the rest is classified as revenue budget and covers the cost of staff and other running expenses108. Training and mentoring of junior scientists remains an urgent priority, while the system of incentives, e.g. salary structure and promotion system, need to be updated. Also, research facilities such as laboratories and other infrastructure need to be modernized.

Strengthening linkages among research, extension, education and farmers: In Bangladesh agricultural research, education and extension are not adequately linked. Stronger linkages would reduce yield gaps. Field officers stated that new technology normally takes 5-7 years to be successfully popularized109. The recently adopted NAEP (2012) in line with the SFYP emphasizes the need to strengthen these linkages. To this effect researchers need to be involved in planning extension activities based on demand for on-farm technology validation; extension service providers need to be trained on technologies newly developed by research institutes; participatory action research needs to be undertaken involving extension service providers and farmers; and empowerment of farmers is important. Other suitable initiatives include the organization of participatory annual technology review workshops complemented by a feedback procedure involving all relevant actors.

Strengthening the One Stop Service Centre: In line with NAEP (2012), all field extension personnel of DAE, DLS, DoF, in collaboration with NGO and private companies need to provide integrated services for all farmers. The Farmers Information and Advice Centre (FIAC) housed in UP complex can work as the reference for the one stop service center.

Increasing farmers’ participation and use of ICT in extension service: Extension services should be problem solving, able to address genuine demands of the farmers, rather than supply-driven. In line with NAEP (2012), ICT can be used to facilitate farmers’ participation and better linking the marketing and production system through web and mobile based technologies. Digitized databases and management information systems may be set up at upazila, district and national levels. Mobile based text messages and voice messages may be utilized for early warning on pest and disease outbreaks, natural disasters as well as to disseminate critical information.

Increasing the number and efficiency of extension workers: At present each Sub-Assistant Agricultural Officer (SAAO) is responsible to visit 1000-1200 farmers, compared to 280 in countries like China and Vietnam110. Beside the number, the gender balance between extension workers requires attention to more effectively reach out to rural women and maximize their role in agricultural production and in activities that have a key role for maximizing nutrition outcomes of agricultural activities such as homestead gardening and specific food utilization practices. Indeed, available evidence shows that female household heads are less likely to get extension services and are less likely to access quality services than their male counterparts111. Besides, the efficiency of extension services can be improved through training, skill development, institutional strengthening and logistic support. Insufficient extension services may jeopardize the implementation

___________________________________________________________________________ 108 MTBF, MoA. 109 Haque, J. T. Agrarian transition and livelihoods of rural poor: agricultural extension services, Draft Report, Unnayan Onneshan. 110 http://www.farmingfirst.org/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/06/Global-Forum-for-Rural-Advisory-Services_Fact-Sheet-on-Extension-Services.pdf 111 http://www.ifpri.org/sites/default/files/publications/essprn21.pdf

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of good programmes112. Coordination among different extension agencies (GO, NGO and private) is essential to increase efficiency and effectiveness.

4.2. Programme 2: Improved water management and infrastructure for irrigation purposes

Programme 2 of the CIP aims to ensure sustainable and efficient water management to address farmers’ needs. It covers the investments required under the NFP PoA 1.2, which deals with the use and management of water resources, advocating for the expansion of irrigation coverage, improved efficiency, delivery and safety of water use and reduced dependency on groundwater irrigation. Programme 2 is articulated along 3 subprogrammes focusing on (1) improve water management and water distribution systems at farm level, (2) improve and increase efficiency of surface water irrigation particularly in the south, (3) reduce impacts of saline water intrusion in the south, and (4) enhance river flow to the south. 4.2.1 Progress towards achievements Table 9: Progress towards achievement of CIP programme 2

Irrigation coverage continues expanding The share of cropped area under irrigation continued expanding since the approval of the PoA, increasing from 44% in 2007/08 to 47% in 2011/12 of the total cropped area (Table 9), as a result of continuous small scale infrastructure development mainly carried out by the Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) and the Bangladesh Agriculture Development Corporation (BADC). Dependency on groundwater did not increase Irrigation remains largely dependent on groundwater as only a little more than one-fifth of

___________________________________________________________________________ 112 For instance, the Ministry of Agriculture has reduced the targeted coverage of the African drought tolerant variety 'Nerica' this aus season, following crop failure last year, partly due to poor extension service: http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/index.php?ref=MjBfMDRfMDlfMTNfMV8yXzE2NTg5MQ==

CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators 2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Source

% of cropped area under irrigation 44.2% 45.3% 45.8% 46.8%

BBS Major & Minor Crops Statistics and

communication with Agricultural Wing

Water table depth in Northern region, average yearly change over last 20 years (cm/year)

7.0 (2007)

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11.6 (2011) BADC

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14.1 (2007)

27.1 (2009)

45.9 (2010)

31.0 (2011) BADC

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23.3% 22.0% 21.3% 21.3%

BBS Major & Minor Crops Statistics and

communication with Agricultural Wing

Irrigation cost per acre as % of total boro production cost

16.3% 15.8% 14.2% 13.6% MoA

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the cropped area is irrigated by surface water. The share of surface water irrigation in total irrigated area remained unchanged in 2011/12 after continuous decline since 2007/08. Groundwater table depth reduced in 2011 contrary to the trend Pressure on groundwater is reflected in declining aquifer levels. This is of particular concern in the northern districts of Bangladesh. Figure 20 shows how the groundwater table depth deepened from 3.7 m in 1981 to 6.6 m in 2011, as a result of over exploitation of groundwater relative to the recharging capacity of the aquifer113, which is reduced by the lower rainfall during the short monsoon season114. Average yearly change in water table depth over last 20 years and over the last three years are calculated as indicators for measuring the trends in the depth of the water table in the long and short run.

For both indicators, a significant improvement has been observed in 2011 compared to 2010, when the water table deepened due to the lowest rainfall since 1995. However, since 2007 both indicators confirm the declining trend: changes in depth of water table have increased from 14cm to 31cm considering a 3 year moving average and from 7cm to 12cm considering the 20 year moving average. The significant and increasing difference between the short and long term indicators can be considered as confirmation that the water table decline is accelerating and that recovering from the exceptional low level registered in 2010 provides no space for complacency. Share of irrigation on boro production cost declined The share of irrigation cost in total boro production cost has continued declining from 16.3% in 2007/08 to 13.6% in 2011/12. This is the result of slower growth of irrigation costs (+10%) relative to total production cost (+32%). It is reasonable to assume that over the last year, the increase in irrigation cost has been driven by the spike in prices of fuel and electricity, although official data are not yet available that fully document this. Overall, irrigation cost remains a concern particularly for marginal and small farmers who pay higher prices compared to medium and large farmers. Price of irrigation water per m3 was estimated at 0.58 taka and 0.52 taka for marginal and small farmers, compared to 0.26 taka for medium

farmers 115.

___________________________________________________________________________ 113 Dey, N. C. et. al.(2013). Sustainability of groundwater use for irrigation in Northwest Bangladesh, Draft final report of the study commissioned by NFPCSP; and Mamunul, A. H. M. et. al. (2012). Hydro geological condition and assessment of groundwater resource using visual mudflow modelling, Rajshahi City Aquifer, Bangladesh.Journal Geological Society of India. Vol. 79, pp. 77-84. 114 Jahan C.S. et.al. (2010). Impact of irrigation in Barind area, NW Bangladesh-an evaluation based on the meteorological parameters and fluctuation trend in groundwater table, Journal Geological Society of India. Vol. 76, pp. 134 - 142. 115 http://www.webmeets.com/files/papers/ERE/WC3/24/Disc202.pdf

Figure 20: Depth of the groundwater table in Northern Bangladesh

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4.2.2. Policy developments/programmes underway and needs for further action

The perspective plan (2010-2021) defines the following long term objectives for irrigation: increasing water use efficiency116 from 30% to 50%; increasing the irrigation area from 5 million hectares in 2009 to 7 million hectares by 2021 by using water saved from improvements in irrigation efficiency; effectively addressing overwhelming dependence on groundwater, focusing on increasing use of surface water; and monitoring quality and quantity of groundwater through continuous surveys and investigation. Within this framework, an Integrated Minor Irrigation Policy 2012117 was approved by the Ministry of Agriculture. It emphasizes the need to promote efficiency of surface water utilization by developing necessary infrastructure, maintaining minimum distance between tube-wells, harvesting and preserving rain water, updating groundwater mapping, etc.

The Bangladesh Water Act 2012 has been approved by the Cabinet in May 2012 as a legal framework for better management and use of water resources. The issues of ownership of water, right to use, price as well as overall guidelines for water management sources, retention of rivers and river recovery have been addressed in the Act.

The Government has taken initiatives with India to negotiate water sharing treaties for Teesta and other rivers based on the Ganges water sharing model signed in 1996 with a validity of 30 years. A similar agreement was signed in 1977 for five years, and followed by a Memorandum of Understanding signed in 1982 with validity up to 1988. Between 1989 and 1996 no treaty was in force on the sharing of the Ganges water which allowed India to divert water at Farakka and upstream. The GoB is also committed to reactivating river dredging, including dredging of the Gorai River so as to ensure fresh water availability in the South-West region.

Programme 2 of the CIP has a budget of 1696.7 million USD for completed and ongoing projects, of which 1433.2 million USD are financed by GoB and the rest 263.5 million USD by DPs. Overall, this programme accounts for 27.4% of total CIP budget, of which nearly one-half is allocated for the activities related to dredging of rivers. Additionally, 15 projects worth 291.8 million USD are in pipeline under this programme. Subprogramme 2.1, aiming to improve water management in water distribution systems and at farm level, includes 3 completed, 11 ongoing and 4 in pipeline projects with a budget of 317.1 million USD or 5.1% of total CIP budget. Four completed, 25 ongoing and 11 pipeline projects are included under subprogramme 2.2, which aim to improve and increase efficiency of surface water irrigation particularly in the south, with a budget a 586.5 million USD or 9.5% of the total CIP budget.One project worth 45.4 million USD has started in 2012 and another one is in the pipeline under subprogramme 2.3 on reducing the impact of saline water intrusion in the south; while subprogramme 2.4, which aims to enhance river water flow to the south, includes 1 completed and 9 ongoing projects for 747.7 million USD or 12.1% of the total CIP budget.

Needs for further action in this area include:

Enhancing of river water flow: Water scarcity in the dry season is one of the key challenges in Bangladesh. The Himalayan River Basin is seriously threatened by water stress with implications for internal and cross-boundary development and security in

___________________________________________________________________________ 116 The ratio between irrigation water actually utilized by growing crops and water diverted from a source in order to supply such irrigation water. 117 http://www.moa.gov.bd/Flood_Damage/irrigation_policy.pdf

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the region. Climate-related water challenges make Bangladesh one of the most vulnerable countries. During the last 37 years the country has lost about 18,000 km of river routes. During the rainy season only 6000 km of river of routes become active for navigability and it falls to 3,800 km during the dry season. Water flow of rivers can be increased in the dry season by river dredging and by signing and enforcing water sharing treaties with neighbouring countries. There are 9 ongoing projects worth 52.2 billion taka under the BWDB for the different activities related to dredging of different rivers. The important projects are: Buriganga River Restoration Project; Capital Dredging of River System in Bangladesh; Gorai River Restoration Project; Excavation of Chanda-Barasia River; and Re-excavation of Bemelia, Lagan Balbhadra River and Kalni-Kusiara River Management. Use of manual labor to excavate small rivers and canals during the lean season can be considered as part of the government initiative to promote productive safety nets.

Sustainably and efficiently using groundwater for irrigation: The major impediments to the sustainable use of groundwater are (i) excessive extraction, especially related to the expansion of boro area; and (ii) decreased groundwater recharging due to decreased river water level and discharge, and reduced wetland areas. The National Commission on Agriculture estimated in 1996 that the maximum sustainable level of extraction through Shallow Tube Wells (STWs) had already been reached. Since then, the further expansion of STWs and Deep Tube Wells (DTWs) resulted in over-exploitation. Over-extraction of groundwater has adverse impacts on drinking water supply and contributes to arsenic contamination. To promote sustainability it is important to have detailed water budgets (recharge, extraction and change in storage) for main water basins; farmers should be encouraged to gradually shift from boro cultivation to higher value crops, such as pulses and oilseeds, in critical basins; managed aquifer recharge should be promoted nationwide; and harvesting of surface and rain water should be encouraged, especially through excavation of existing canals, ponds, khals, and water bodies118. Increased efficiency of water use could be promoted through research into varieties that consume less water; expansion of drip irrigation techniques (although high installation costs may make this inappropriate for poorer farmers); and improved water management practices, including Alternate Wetting and Drying irrigation technology (currently being experimented in northern Bangladesh as part of a collaboration between DAE, BMDA, BRRI, NGOs and the Cereal System Initiative for South Asia, with reportedly reductions in water use of up to 30% during boro cultivation)119.

Enhancing availability and use of surface water: In line with sixth five year plan, excavation/re-excavation programmes and promotion of effective utilization of canals, ponds and other water bodies should be scaled up to enhance conservation and utilization of surface water and encourage groundwater recharge through water-shed management, rainwater harvesting and establishment of water reservoirs and other surface water storage systems. To this end, rubber dams may be set up in different parts of the country. BADC recently established two rubber dams in Mymensingh (Haluaghat) and Suanmgonj (Chhatak) areas for ensuring more irrigation water after creating surface water reservoirs. As mentioned above, CIP

___________________________________________________________________________ 118 Dey, N. C. et. al.(2013), op.cit. 119 http://economy-bd.blogspot.com/2011/04/awd-irrigation-technolocy-benefitting.html

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subprogramme 2.2 has a budget of 586.5 million USD including 4 completed and 25 ongoing projects. Moreover, 11 new projects are in pipeline awaiting financing for a total of 270.9 million USD. These projects are expected to expand the role of surface water irrigation, inverting the declining trend observed over the past years (Table 9).

Making quality groundwater available for irrigation: Arsenic contamination of groundwater in Bangladesh affects 59 out of 64 districts and 85% of the total area of Bangladesh120. Excessive groundwater extraction may be a main cause for the increasing arsenic contamination. The risks for human health of arsenic entering the food chain are well known. Less well-known are the implications for crop production: build-up of arsenic in the soil from contaminated irrigation water reduces crop yields. It has been estimated that water extraction from the shallow aquifer for irrigation adds 1 million kg of arsenic per year to the arable soil in Bangladesh, mainly in the paddy fields. A positive correlation between arsenic in groundwater resources, soil and rice has been reported, indicating that food chain contamination may take place as a result of prolonged irrigation with contaminated water. Arsenic in irrigation water can result in land degradation that in turn affects food safety and crop production121. It is important to support initiatives to quantify and qualify the problem for arsenic and other physical, chemical and biological contaminants. Options to prevent and mitigate contamination need to be further explored.

Controlling flood and river erosion: Flood is a common climatic risk in Bangladesh. Flood affects approximately 20% of the country in normal years and up to 68% in extreme years. Flood also causes serious river bank erosion. The BWDB estimated that about 1,200 km river bank is eroded and another 500 km is under threat to collapse. In the flood years of 1988, 1998 and 2004, 61%, 68% and 38% of land was inundated, which caused large scale destruction of infrastructure, loss of crops and lives. In 2004, over 6.5 lakh ha of crop land were fully damaged and another 4.2 lakh ha partly damaged by flood122. Factors that contribute to increased floods are unplanned urbanization, soil erosion, sea-level rise, inadequate sediment accumulation, subsidence and compaction of land, riverbed aggradations, and deforestation. Interventions to mitigate flooding propensity include floodplain zoning, planned urbanization, restoration of abundant channels, dredging of rivers and streams, increased elevations of roads and village platforms, building of efficient storm sewer systems, establishment of buffer zones along rivers, conservation tillage, controlled runoff near construction sites, adjustment of life-style and crop patterns, good governance, and improvement in flood warning/preparedness

Reducing salinity and its impact in the South: The main obstacle to intensification of crop production in the coastal areas is seasonally high content of salts in the soil. According to salinity survey findings and salinity monitoring information, about 1.02 million ha (about 70%) of the cultivated land in coastal areas are affected by varying degrees of soil salinity124. Climate change exacerbates salinity through the intrusion

___________________________________________________________________________ 120 Saifuddin, M. and M. M. Karim (2001). Groundwater arsenic contamination in Bangladesh: cause, effect and remediation. University of Windsor, Canada. 121 Heikens, A. (2006). Arsenic contamination of irrigation water, soil and crops in Bangladesh, office for Asia and the Pacific, FAO, Bangkok. 122 Awal, M. A. (2013). Adapting social safety net programs to climate change shocks: issues and options for Bangladesh, draft final report, NFPCSP financed project. 123 http://www.lhup.edu/mkhalequ/research/floods-bd-bmps-ben.pdf 124 Haque, S. A. (2006). Salinity problems and crop production in coastal regions of Bangladesh, Pak. J. Bot., 38(5).

systems123.

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of the saline waterfront in the rivers, saline water interface in the groundwater aquifers, percolation from the increased saline surface waters into the groundwater systems, and increased storm surges, which carry sea water inland. Between 1973 and 2009, salinity prone area increased from 0.83 million ha to 1.06 million ha125. Salinity is also stimulated by shrimp cultivation as the intrusion of saline water during high tide is used to stimulate production. In the dry season, a vast area is left fallow until the salinity concentration is reduced by rain. The problem is expected to further exacerbate due to reduced dry-season freshwater supply from upstream sources resulting from climate change and from the reduction of water flow from India. Although one project named "Rehabilitation of BWDB infrastructures affected by Aila cyclone in coastal area" is underway and other two “Char kukri-mukri flood control, drainage and prevention of saline water intrusion project in the district of Bhola" and "Rehabilitation of coastal infrastructures damaged by Aila (south-western zone)" are in pipeline aiming at reducing salinity, more interventions are needed, including protection of embankments and sluice gates; dredging of rivers; storing of excess rainwater; adoption of saline resistant varieties; increased use of organic fertilizers, etc.

4.3. Programme 3: Improved quality of input and soil fertility

Programme 3 aims to improve the quality of inputs and soil fertility through four subprogrammes to: (1) enhance availability of agricultural inputs, tested and certified for quality and diversified crops; (2) develop public-private partnership through capacity development; (3) improve and increase sustainability of soil fertility management; (4) facilitate access to credit and other financial services by smallholders and the poor. CIP investments in this programme closely support NFP PoA Areas of Interventions 1.3 and 1.5 which deal with supply and sustainable use of agricultural inputs and agricultural credit and insurance, respectively.

___________________________________________________________________________ 125 Awal, M. A. (2013). op.cit.

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4.3.1 Progress towards achievements

Table 10: Progress towards achievement of CIP programme 3 CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators 2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Source

Annual change in improved rice, wheat and maize seeds production

9.8% 127.8% 25.8% 2.9% MoA

Improved seeds supply (BADC, DAE and private companies) as % agronomic requirements

Rice 40% 44% 58% 59%

MoA

Wheat 41% 67% 55% 72%Maize 93% 84% 100% 96%

Potato 5% 3% 4% 12%Pulses 1% 3% 5% 12%

Vegetables 36% 32% 33% 20%Edible Oilseeds* 4% 4% 8% 12%

Supply of urea as % of estimated requirements 98% 82% 94% 77% MoA, Fertilizer Monitoring and

Management Unit

Supply of TSP as % of estimated requirements 82% 63% 79% 81%

Supply of MoP as % of estimated requirements 66% 53% 89% 77%

Change in crop yields (moving average over 3 previous years)

Rice 3.11% 3.78% 2.08% 2.95%

BBS Statistical Yearbooks and

communications with BBS

Agricultural Wing

Wheat 7.53% 9.58% 6.26% 5.10% Maize 3.18% -0.70% 0.86% 5.02%

Potato 2.85% 9.30% 5.55% 1.80% Pulses 2.13% 3.73% 0.52% 3.60% Brinjal 5.47% 0.77% 1.03% 2.15%

Pumpkin 3.35% 1.61% 2.87% 3.70% Beans 3.66% -0.18% 1.01% 3.30%

Lal Shak 0.19% 2.73% 0.85% -0.40% Edible Oilseeds* 4.53% 2.26% 1.37% 3.95%

Banana -1.39% -3.89% -2.70% -3.66% Guava 0.45% 10.77% 15.83% 5.81%

Mango -2.22% 0.03% 8.85% 4.50% Pineapple -4.11% -0.95% 1.27% -7.19%

Jackfruit -15.47% 2.27% -2.08% -1.60% Agricultural credit disbursement

billion taka 85.81 111.17 121.84 131.32 Bangladesh Bank Annual Report % of target 103% 97% 97% 95%

* Includes til, rape, mustard, groundnut and soya bean Availability of improved variety and quality seed Annual changes in the production of improved cereals seeds has fluctuated widely since 2007/8, and declined to 2.9% in 2011/12. However, as a percentage of agronomic requirements, improved seeds supply increased for all crops, except maize and vegetables. For rice and wheat, in 2011/12 this reached 59% and 72% respectively, with a substantial increase for wheat. For maize, the decline of 4 percentage points to 96% should not be considered as a source of concern as the economic optimum level might be below the agronomic requirement. The reduced supply for vegetables deserves attention, which decreased from 33% to 20% confirming high volatility along a negative trend. For other non-cereals, a slow upward trend prevails, but the supply is still quite low. Indeed, the share has increased to 12% from 4% for potato; to 12% from 5% for pulses; and to 12% from 8% for oilseeds. Fertilizer supply Fertilizer supply as a share of agronomic requirements has declined for both urea (to 77% in 2011/12 from 94% in 2010/11) and MoP (to 77% in 2011/12 from 89% in 2010/11). On the contrary, supply of TSP in 2011/12 increased to 81% of agronomic requirements from 79% in 2010/11. As no major scarcity of fertilizers is recorded in the market, supply below the estimated requirement can be explained by the divergence between agronomic and

48

economic optimal requirements. Compared to the baseline year a substantial rebalancing of fertilizer supply is recorded, with supply declining for urea and increasing for TSP and MoP. This is an important result of the rebalancing of subsidies on the various micronutrients that is discussed below. Change in crop yield Yields have increased since 2007/08 for almost all crops. Rice yields have grown steadily registering an increase of almost 3% in 2011/12 compared to 2% in 2010/11. As mentioned above, rice yield annual growth exceeding 1.5% should be seen as a favourable condition for crop diversification, as it allows releasing land for other uses without impacting on self-sufficiency. Wheat yields show a high growth rate although the growth has gradually decelerated. This can be interpreted in connection with the reduction of wheat area planted that concentrated production on the most suitable land with positive impacts on yields and profitability. Maize yields increased in 2011/12 by 5.02%, which is well above the growth registered in previous years. A significant increase is also registered for the yield of pulses. Potato yields increased by 1.8% and have shown high variability over recent years, determining high price volatility. Most vegetables yields show consistent growth and good performance in 2011/12. Also relatively stable is the growth of yield of edible oilseeds that registered a quite good growth (3.95%) in 2010/11. Among fruits, relatively high yield variability is observed: while growth prevailed for guava and mango, yields declined for pineapple, jackfruit and, quite consistently for banana. Agricultural credit The Bangladesh Bank has expanded credit supply in recent years, with disbursements reaching 121.8 billion taka in 2011/12, an increase of 8% on the previous year, in line with inflation. In 2008/09 disbursements increased by about 20% compared to the previous year. Disbursement relative to the annual target has steadily declined since 2007/08. Targeting small farmers and sharecroppers cultivating under 200 decimals, the Bangladesh Bank provided 5 billion taka to BRAC’s Borga Chashi Unnayan Programme, which provides agricultural credit at 5% interest rate, through village organizations that manage the credit and promote savings126. Loan duration varies between six and ten months; and one third of the loan is repaid in monthly instalments and the rest at the end of the crop season or just after harvest. The number of beneficiaries rose from 238,071 in 2010 to 578,210 in 2013 and disbursement rose up to 83,406 lakh taka in March 2013127.

A recent study found that access to formal credit is significantly correlated to agricultural production and food security, particularly to marginal and smallholder farmers128. Farmers took credit for modern boro rice production, where irrigation and other input costs surpass equity financing. Home-based and commercial poultry, fishery and livestock rearing use credit financing. Access to credit has also made the lease of additional land possible and helped communities to expand non-farm activities and social development.

___________________________________________________________________________ 126 Alam, M. Shahe (2011). Agricultural Census Report on Borga Chashi Unnayan Programme (BCUP) of BRAC, Research and Evaluation Division, BRAC, Dhaka. 127 Rahman. A. (2013). Credit Programme for Share Croppers: Impact and Evaluation. Paper presented in the conference on Bangladesh Bank credit programs, held at BRAC Centre, 75 Mohakhali, Dhaka, 4 April.2013. 128 Khondker.B.H, S.H. Bidisha and G.M. Suhrawardy (2013). Role of Credit in Food Production and Food Security in Bangladesh. NFPCSP-FAO, Dhaka.

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4.3.2 Policy development /programmes underway and needs for further ac on

Programme 3 of the CIP includes 26 financed projects of which 10 are completed and 16 are ongoing for a total financing of 1055 million USD, equivalent to 17% of the financed budget as of June 2012. In the financial year 2011/12, six projects moved from the pipeline to ongoing for a total value of 161.1 million USD. The lion share of financing under programme 3 (1002 million USD) is allocated to finance 20 projects under subprogramme 1.1. BCIC has three major ongoing projects to improve and expand the production of fertilizers. Shahjalal Fertilizer project is the largest one, with 778 million USD which is financed by China. The residual 53 million USD finances 2 ongoing projects under subprogramme 3.1 and four projects (of which three are completed) under subprogramme 3.3. No program has so far been financed under subprogramme 3.4, which focuses on agricultural credit.

The updated pipeline in CIP 2013 includes 14 projects for a total value of 1069 million USD. Also in the pipeline subprogramme 3.1 still received overwhelming attention with 995 million USD to finance 8 projects, while the other 3 subprogrammes have in the pipeline three, two, and one project, respectively. Total delivery in programme 3 now stands at 170.5 million USD out of which 95.9 million USD is financed by DPs and 74.6 million USD by the government.

Table 11: Fertilizer subsidies, urea and non-urea

Source: MoA

Changes in fertilizer subsidies, prices and sales Fertilizer subsidies represent the largest element of public expenditure in agriculture. As shown in Table 11, fertilizer subsidies doubled from 35.3 billion taka in 2007/08 to 69.5 billion taka in 2011/12, and accounted for 4.3% of Government spending. Substantial rebalancing occurred with urea accounting for only one-third of the total subsidy, compared to 89% in 2007/08. Whilst urea subsidies were cut by a quarter, non-urea subsidies were 12 times as large since 2007/08.

Table 12: Trends in fertilizer prices and sales

Source: MoA

Year

Subsidies (in billion taka)

Change from previous financial year Fertilizer subsidies as %

of national budget Urea subsidies as % of

fertilizers subsidies Urea

Non urea Total Urea

Non urea Total

2007/08 31.55 3.79 35.34 na na na 4.1% 89%

2008/09 42.73 8.01 50.74 35.4% 111.3% 43.6% 5.1% 84%

2009/10 19.79 20.99 40.78 -53.7% 162.0% -19.6% 3.6% 49%

2010/11 25.71 29.71 55.42 29.9% 41.5% 35.9% 4.2% 46%

2011/12 23.28 46.24 69.52 -2.43 16.53 14.1 4.3% 33%

Price (Tk/kg) Sales (lakh MT) Before

4 Jan, 2009 Effective

Nov, 2009 EffectiveOct, 2010

In 2011

In2012

2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12

Urea 12 12 12 20 20 25.33 24.09 26.55 22.96

TSP 80 22 22 22 22 1.65 4.2 5.91 6.41

MoP 70 25 15 16 15 0.82 2.63 5.07` 6.03 DAP 90 30 27 27 27 0.18 1.36 3.53 4.08

50

The rebalancing of subsidies, combined with price dynamics on international markets, have driven changes in absolute and relative prices of the four main fertilizers. Table 12 (left panel) shows that since 2008, urea price increased from 12 Tk/kg to 20 Tk/kg, while prices for TSP, MoP and DAP significantly declined. Figure 21 shows that the ratio between domestic and international prices is now comparable among the four types of fertilizers, reflecting their similar subsidization in contrast to the strong bias towards urea prevailing in 2008. The price changes led to significant shifts in the quantities and composition of fertilizers used: urea declined by 9%, TSP increased by 288%, MoP by 635% and DAP by 217% - as shown in Table 12 (right panel). Seed availability and quality The Government of Bangladesh considers the seed sector a main priority. Over the past decade multiple activities have been undertaken with the support of several development partners such as Holland, USA, Germany, Australia, EU, Belgium, Denmark and FAO129.

Seed production and distribution involve both public and private agents. The key government agencies are the Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation (BADC), the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), the Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI) and the Department of Agriculture Extension (DAE). BADC remains the largest national producer of foundation seeds and quality seeds for rice, wheat, maize, jute, vegetables, spices, potato, pulse and oilseeds, produced through seed multiplication farms and 75 contract growers’ zones. In 2011, BADC set a target to produce 143 thousand MT of seeds including 91 thousand MT paddy seeds. Against that target of production, 131 thousand MT of seeds were actually distributed130. A newly opened seed multiplication centre in Patuakhali will help increase BADC’s supply of improved/quality seeds.

With more than 100 companies, over 8000 registered seed dealers and thousands of farmers contracted to produce seed, the private sector has been expanding its presence from high value vegetable seeds to also cover rice and maize hybrids. Moreover, at least 20 NGOs have been increasingly involved in seed production and distribution as part of their `relief and livelihood promotion interventions. BRAC has become a major stakeholder in the sector through a seed company, 23 seed producing farms and an agricultural research

___________________________________________________________________________ 129 Bodker, L. et.al. (2006). Overview of seed supply systems and seed health issues, Dept. of Plant Biology, Copenhagen University, Denmark. 130 Bangladesh Economic Review (2011). Ministry of Finance, Government of Bangladesh.

Figure 21: Domestic and international fertilizer prices

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

Urea TSP MoP DAP Urea TSP MoP DAP

2008 2011

Taka

per

MT

cif price domestic price

Source: Ministry of Agriculture

51

centre with an annual capacity to produce 5200 MT of certified quality seeds of hybrid maize, rice, onion, pulses, oil crops and potatoes.

Quality remains an issue. It has been estimated that some 85% of seeds used are untested, unlabelled or of unknown quality to farmers131. The National Agricultural policy has emphasised the development of quality seeds proposing to encourage the private sector in undertaking breeding programmes and import of foundation/breeder seeds for notified crops. Moreover, it calls for strengthening the seed certification process, so as to provide a fair playing field for the private sector in its endeavours to cater quality seeds to satisfy the increasing demand.

The Seed Certification Agency (SCA), established in 1974, is the statutory body authorized to provide certification of Breeder, Foundation and Certified classes seeds. The Agency certifies and maintains seed quality through field inspection, seed testing and variety testing under the guidance of the National Seed Board (NSB) and regulations provided by the National Seed Policy 1993, The Seeds (Amendment) Act 1997, Seeds Ordinance 1997, and the Seed Rules 1998. The SCA is responsible for their implementation through its three technical wings in charge of variety testing, field inspection and seed testing. Initially, the SCA was only in charge of certifying seed produced by the public sector only but from the early nineties, its jurisdiction has been extended to testing and certification of seeds produced by public, private and NGO agents. The SCA generally certifies seeds of five ‘notified’ crops namely rice, wheat, jute, potato and sugarcane132. Government incentives for enhancing productivity Given the declines in planted area of aus in recent years, in 2012 the Government attempted to encourage farmers by providing subsidised seed and fertilizers up to a maximum one bigha (33 decimals) per farmer, with seeds supplied by BADC and fertilizers by BCIC. Table 13 reports the coverage and cost of subsidy for these interventions.

Table 13: Subsidy for aus production in 2012 Modern aus variety Districts covered Number of farmers Subsidy (lakh taka) BRRI Dhan 28 BRRI Dhan29 308,956 2894

Nerica 30 56,250 606 Total 86 365,206 3500

Source: DAE

Leveraging the private sector to foster production and use of stress tolerant seeds As part of its commitment to promote climate resilient agricultural practices in Bangladesh, the International Finance Corporation (IFC) is working with four large private seed companies to demonstrate the business case for stress tolerant seeds. IFC targets to support farmers in adapting to climate change as well as strengthening food security and social inclusion by increasing the production, distribution and adoption of stress tolerant seed varieties; including rural women in seed production in remote areas and linking them to the seed supply chain. This initiative has so far resulted in training for more than 40,000 farmers and more than 600 dealers and retailers on how stress tolerant seeds work, while about

___________________________________________________________________________ 131 Bangladesh Seed Grower, Dealer and Merchants Association (BSGDMA) (2007). Bangladesh Seed Industry at a Glance. Asian Seed Congress. Manila, Philippines. 132 Ministry of Agriculture: http://www.sca.gov.bd/

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1200 women received training to become seed micro-entrepreneurs133.

Needs for further action in this area include:

Strengthening production and distribution of quality seed: The available statistics indicate that institutional sources supply only a proportion of the total national seed requirements. The Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation (BADC) is the main public body responsible for producing and supplying improved seeds. Its production capacity, especially for foundation seeds, needs to be enhanced. Furthermore, the participation of the private sector in production and marketing of quality seeds need to be encouraged and improved. The Seed Certification Agency and other public agencies involved in promoting seed quality need to be strengthened to maximize their role in ensuring effective enforcement of relevant regulation. Also important is to promote collaboration among main private sector companies to establish voluntary quality certifications and controls as well as branding to make easily distinguishable seeds (and other inputs) that respect minimum quality standards.

Moving from rebalancing fertilizer use to promoting fertilizers’ quality: An over use of urea and sub-optimal use of other plant nutrients has been attributed to imbalanced subsidies and insufficient farmers’ awareness on appropriate usage. The substantial rebalancing of subsidies taking place over the past few years, coupled with continued efforts by DAE and other public and private extension providers, are showing positive impacts on yields and overall efficiency. However, as agriculture diversifies and production, marketing and use of different types and grades of fertilizers –such as the mixed nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur (NPKS)- expands, ensuring quality and preventing adulteration of fertilizer becomes more difficult. This calls for renewed efforts to enforce standards through public regulations and controls as well as by promoting initiatives within the private sector to establish self-certification and controls that allow, for example through appropriate branding and packaging, to easily identify fertilizers (as well as other agro-chemicals) supplied by reliable producers and distributors. Strengthened agricultural waste management would be supportive by increasing availability of organic fertiliser.

Using Urea Super Granule (USG) and deep placement technology: Research indicates that consumption of urea could be reduced by 25-30% using Urea Super Granules (USG) in rice cultivation, but this practice is labor-intensive134,135. The agricultural machinery development programs of BARI, BRRI and other institutions developed a urea applicator machine that could substantially reduce labour requirements and boost adoption of USG. DAE is implementing motivational programmes for farmers to use USG. Agricultural credit should be made available to increase the number of USG making machines.

___________________________________________________________________________ 133 IFC Bulletin (2012). Agri-seed: Making Bangladesh’s agricultural sector more sustainable http://www1.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/topics_ext_content/ifc_external_corporate_site/ifc+sustainability/sustainable+business+advisory+services/project+examples/sba-project-agriseed 134 Jahiruddin, M.R. Islam and M.A. Miah (2010). Constraints of farmers’ access to fertilizer for food production, study commissioned by NFPCSP. 135 Alam, M. Shahe., M.S. Islam and M.A. Islam (2009). Farmers’ efficiency enhancement through input management :The issue of USG application in modern rice production. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol. XXIII (2).

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Improving pest management: Farmers often use insecticides and pesticides without adequate knowledge of its impact on human health, plant biology and the environment. Integrated pest management (IPM) and other environmentally friendly practices are being promoted by DAE and other extension agencies. These efforts need to be scaled up to minimize impact on producers and the environment and maximize safety of food.

Reintroducing crop insurance: Crop insurance (CI) is a potential risk management strategy against extreme events, like cyclone, flood and drought, which can overwhelm the protection from microcredit and savings of poor farmers with no other safety nets. The UN Climate Convention and the Kyoto Protocol included the provision of insurance to address risks from climate change. In 1977 Bangladesh introduced crop insurance through the state owned Sadharan Bima Corporation (SBC), but it was stopped in 1996 after experiencing huge losses due to moral hazard based on individual loss assessment, adverse selection, bad program design, poor monitoring at grass root level, covariant risks, etc.136. Weather index-based crop insurance, which incorporates historical weather and crop production data, can reduce farm-level monitoring and transaction costs. A pilot crop insurance project was introduced in Madhabpur Upazila, Habiganj District, with the sponsorship of SBC137. Recently the Asian Development Bank and the Government of Japan agreed to provide 2 million USD, and the GoB 0.42 million USD in-kind support, towards a 3-year pilot weather index-based crop insurance project in selected districts, with the goal of covering at least 12,000 farm households138. Past experiences suggest a partnership between private, public and NGO actors would improve implementation. Reputed insurance companies can offer CI, where SBC can serve as a re-insurer and the Directorate of Insurance can regulate and monitor the process, including dispute resolution. NGOs can serve as the go-between and mobilizer of communities. Additionally, in order to increase its coverage, the Government may make CI mandatory for farmers who take agricultural loans.

4.4. Programme 4: Fisheries and aquaculture development

Programme 4 seeks to sustainably increase fishery production through 4 subprogrammes to (1) develop small scale aquaculture, through access to quality inputs, advice and skills; (2) improve the management of fishery resources; (3) develop public private partnerships in support of infrastructure and services development; and (4) promote production in the South through sustainable shrimp and prawn development and community based management of wetland. Programme 4 relates to NFP PoA area of intervention 1.4 which strives to diversify agriculture through production of fish among other things.

___________________________________________________________________________ 136 Climate Change Cell (2009). Crop Insurance as a Risk Management Strategy in Bangladesh. DoE, MoEF. 137 Government of Bangladesh (2011). Budget Speech 2012-13. Ministry of Finance. 138 http://www.adb.org/news/bangladesh/adb-japan-seek-affordable-crop-insurance-bangladesh-farmers

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4.4.1. Progress towards achievements

Table 14: Progress towards achievement of CIP programme 4

CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators 2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Source

GDP from fishery sector as % of agriculture GDP (excluding forest), at constant price 1995-1996

24.39% 24.18% 24.18% 24.75% Bangladesh Economic

Review

Annual change in national fish production

5.04% 7.33% 5.66% 6.50% Fisheries Statistical

Yearbook (DOF)

Fishery expanded faster than other agricultural subsectors in 2011/12 The fishery subsector accounts for 4.4% of GDP, provides about 60% of animal protein and contributes to the livelihoods of about 16 million people. With its high value products, the sector has a significant potential for income and employment growth. Fisheries and aquaculture also contribute to dietary diversification by increasing the availability of protein rich food. The sector significantly helps to balance trade through the export of high value foods such as shrimps. Given the acceleration in production growth, over the last year the share of fishery value added in agricultural GDP increased by nearly 0.6 percentage points, and reached almost a quarter of the total. This is an encouraging sign of diversification after many years in which the share remained quite static. Figure 22 shows that the subsector had substantially increased its relative importance till the '90s and remained quite static thereafter. Fish production growth rate sustained The fishery sector has quite distinct features in its three main subsectors -aquaculture, inland capture and marine capture- engaging households and the community with quite diverse income levels, livelihoods, technology and socio-cultural settings. In 2011/12 fish production registered one of the best performances since the PoA baseline year, with a growth of 6.5%, which is almost 1% higher than the previous year. Export of shrimp and other fish and fishery products reached 0.96 lakh MT or 4604 crore taka in the FY

Figure 22: Fishery in agricultural GDP

5

15

25

35

45

% s

har

e

Rice Forest & related services Animal farming Fishery

Source: BBS

Figure 23: Fish production by subsectors

0

0.5

1

1.5

Aquaculture Capture Fisheries

MarineFisheries

Mill

ion

MT

Fish category

2009/102010/112011/12

Source: DoF, MoFL

55

2010-11 almost 23% higher export compared to that of 2009/10 and 31% higher than that of 2008/09139. Figure 23 shows the disaggregation of total fishery production by its three subsectors over two recent years. Aquaculture is the most important subsector and continues expanding its share by growing faster than capture and marine fishery production.

4.4.2 Policy development/programmes underway and needs for further action Programme 4 of the CIP has so far mobilized 178.8 million USD, accounting for only 0.29% of the CIP. These resources have financed 27 projects of which 24 are currently ongoing. In the financial year up to June 2012, two projects were completed and 4 initiated. The 3 projects completed since 2010/11 had a total value of 5.2 million USD, which indicates that the average project size is substantially increasing (from 1.7 million USD of the completed to 7.2 million USD for the ongoing).

No project has so far been financed or is in the pipeline under subprogrammes 4.3 (developing public private partnerships) and only one project is financed under subprogramme 4.4 (focusing on the south and community based management of wetlands), which has in the pipeline two projects awaiting financing. Total delivery as of June 2012 stands at 72 million USD of which 35.4 million USD was delivered during the last fiscal year compared to almost 36.5 million USD over the previous year. Delivery of DPs financed activities is higher (24.1 delivered versus 33.1 financed) compared to GoB financed activities (14.7 million USD delivered against 144.9 financed). Overall, program 4 requires formulation and financing of additional investments especially in programme 4.3 and programme 4.4.

Fishermen were trained on fish farming, and illegal nets were confiscated, under the Jatka Protection law. Fish sanctuaries were created for the conservation of indigenous fish varieties. The Hazard Analysis for Critical Control Point (HACCP) compliance is being pursued to ensure quality of fishery exports. Market visits have been introduced to prevent the use of formalin and other adulterants in preserving fish. Water body management is being improved by providing training to small fish farmers and fishermen with the involvement of NGOs. Poor households received support for fish culture in paddy fields and floodplains were developed to improve the socio-economic conditions of fishermen140.

Over the last three years, the Bangladesh Fishery Research Institute (BFRI) developed three new fish varieties: Thai climbing fish, gugi and nona tengra. In addition to this, Super Tilapia, improved nursery for galda shrimp, aquaculture at hilly Ghona, and fish drying using solar dryer technology were also developed. Four technologies were transferred to the field level. Trainings were conducted on modern aquaculture developed by the Institute, on the production of mono-sex tilapia, fish fry, shrimp cultivation management, and conservation of hilsha, etc. Moreover, the establishment of a research sub-station, establishment of a PCR laboratory with modern equipment and the modernization of two research laboratories were completed. A programme for sale of fish in insulated fish vans in Dhaka city has started. Market building in Barisal fish landing station and wholesale market was expanded141.

___________________________________________________________________________ 139 Bangladesh Economic Review (2011). op cit. 140 MoFLS, MTBF. 141 Ibid.

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Due to climate change and man-made interventions such as construction of unplanned flood dams, excessive use of insecticides in crop fields and water pollution, production and collection of fingerlings/fry from natural sources has declined. In response to this problem, DoF developed facilities in 33 Government farms and raised brood stock to collect fries from the natural stocks. These brood fish are distributed to private hatchery owners at a concessional price. At present, 122 government hatcheries (fish seed multiplication farms) along with 862 private hatcheries are operational to meet the increasing demand of the fingerlings. As a result of government efforts, a total of 222 MT of fish fries have been released in FY 2010-11. Similarly, 137 MT of fish fries have been released in Padma, greater haor areas of Jessore and Faridpur, and Kaptai Lake under various projects and programmes.142

The Fish and Livestock Feed Act 2010 covers the production, processing, quality control, import, export, transportation, marketing, sales and distribution of fish and livestock feed, and Section VI of the Act stipulates the need for a license to carry out these activities. The Department of Fisheries (DoF) and the Department of Livestock Services (DLS) are responsible for the quality of fish and livestock feed, respectively, through laboratory tests on samples from producers and importers. Antibiotics, growth hormones, steroids and pesticides and other harmful chemicals are prohibited.

The Fish Hatchery Act 2010 covers the establishment of fish and shrimp hatcheries for production of larvae, post-larvae and fingerlings, and related activities. Under the Act hatcheries must be registered with the Department of Fisheries, and hatchery operators must have legal documents giving rights to use the hatcheries either as owner or as leaseholder. The hatcheries are prohibited from using banned antibiotics, drugs and other chemicals, and are required to establish health monitoring and control procedures to minimize the risk of disease.

The DoF officials reported that the Fish and Livestock Feed Act 2010, has been under implementation and all the livestock and fish feed producing and processing organizations/ enterprises have been advised to get registered under the law. All the organizations involved in producing, processing, quality control and marketing of fish, and livestock feed had to obtain a license from the concerned authority. For fish feed, monitoring of the activities are done centrally by DoF, but implemented by a team consisting of several DoF staff at the Upazila level. About the quality control issue of the Fish Hatchery Act, the DoF officials reported that there were some complications with respect to certification of the imported items by the BSTI. There are also complications related to issuance and renewal of licenses for the importers which need to be resolved.

Needs for further action in this area include:

Increasing productivity: There is wide scope for improving productivity of fish species in the country through improved technology, better management and further investment in the sector143. A main obstacle in increasing aquaculture production is genetic deterioration of the hatchery –produced seeds of various farmed fish species. The poor quality of fish seed is largely attributed to inbreeding and the resultant indiscriminate use of inferior quality of brood fish. As pointed out

___________________________________________________________________________ 142 Bangladesh Economic Review (2011). op cit. 143 BER, ibid.

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in the CIP 2011, proper implementation of the National Breeding Plan and the Law on Carp/Shrimp Hatchery Management would ensure the quality seed production through genetic management of brood stock in the hatcheries and equitable dissemination of improved breeds to the target groups for sustainable enhancement of aquaculture production in the country. Reducing water pollution would help increase productivity.

Enhancing extension and training: Research144 suggests that high impact on fish quality preservation can be obtained from awareness programmes, making use of traditional and electronic media. All market actors (fishers, fishermen and women, fish farmers, shrimp farmers, aratdars, wholesalers, transporters, depot holders, processors, retailers, fish vendors, etc.) in the fish distribution chain should be defined in the fisheries policy with specific roles. Similarly, provisions need to be made in the policy to make them responsible through enforcement of regulations. Assessment and monitoring of post-harvest losses in the fishery sector/industry needs to be intensified by regulatory agencies, and a manual should be prepared and disseminated. Greater extension services should be provided to increase production through homestead ponds.

Strengthening the Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute: BFRI has a vital role to play in developing and disseminating technological innovations needed to modernize and sustainably intensify fishery production. Out of 43 projects included under Programme 4 of the CIP (of which 27 are already financed), BFRI is implementing five projects and two are in pipeline to improve inputs for small scale fisheries and improve management of fishery resources. It is important to secure funding for the 44.6 million USD required for these projects and proceed with formulation of additional initiatives. An important direction of activity for BFRI is research to maintain/improve productivity of the native fish species. Research is needed to develop saline tolerant fish species.

Minimizing the impacts of shrimp culture on soil quality and biodiversity: Construction of coastal embankments by the Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) has prevented inflow of saline water useful for brackish water shrimp culture. The shrimp farmers on the other hand, are alleged to be flushing out the available saline water to the neighbouring paddy fields with a view to compelling paddy farmers to lease out paddy lands for shrimp culture. They are also alleged to be aggressively encroaching the mangrove forest areas to expand their shrimp Ghers. These phenomena have given rise to serious conflict of land use in the coastal areas which need to be resolved. The BWDB filed various cases against shrimp producers who dismantled some of the embankments to allow intrusion of saline water in the shrimp Ghers. Steps have been taken by DoF to minimize the litigations between the BWDB and shrimp farmers. It is important to classify lands according to comparative suitability for shrimp culture and other agricultural uses, and adopt regulations for compliance to the use of lands. To this effect, the Government has declared 172 thousand hectares of land in the Southern-coastal belt of the country as special shrimp producing zone.145 As zoning based on comparative advantage can

___________________________________________________________________________ 144 Nowsad. A. A. K. M. (2010). Post harvest Loss Reduction in Fisheries in Bangladesh: A Way Forward to Food Security. NFPCSP-FAO, Dhaka. 145 Concerns of shrimp exportation, The Daily Prothom Alo, 24 April 2013.

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be an important tool to balance conflicting interest of farmers and shrimp producers, impacts of this initiative need to be assessed and eventually scaled up.

Utilizing roadside canals and ditches for increasing fish production: Utilization of roadside ditches and canals including flood control, drainage and irrigation canals calls for policy attention, as their effective use is closely related to the definition and enforcement of community use rights. A related dimension is the ‘pen’ and ‘cage’ culture in some floodplains and open water bodies where use rights of water resources should be ensured through legal and institutional support146.

Promoting rice-fish farming system: The CIP emphasizes the need to mobilize and coordinate multiple stakeholders in sustainable intensification of rice-fish systems, which require appropriate technologies and infrastructures and efficient markets. There is need to further prioritize investments in scientific research and market development to capitalize on the sustainability and profitability of concurrent and alternate rice-fish cultures that favour the poor and small holders in Bangladesh. The national agricultural research system (NARS) needs to step up applied research, particularly on the alternating rice-fish system. Research, extension agents, and non-governmental organizations should prioritize an integrated approach cognizant of the interactions between rice cultivation, other crop cultivation, and fish farming in line with small holder livelihood strategies. To date, analysis of the social, economic, and policy issues of Bangladesh’s rice-fish systems has been limited. There is an immediate need to scale up research on issues such as technologies and practices for rice-fish systems, fish value chains, the distribution of economic value within those value chains, and the policy interventions that can encourage efficiency and equity147.

Effectively managing open water fisheries resources: Bangladesh has a vast potential for open water fishing. The annual rainy season inundates up to 60% of the total land surface. About 70% of the total water resource is identified as floodplains which remain under water for 4-6 months. Yet fish production from inland capture has increased only marginally over recent years (DoF 2012a)148. Community-based fisheries management (CBFM) is recognized as a fundamental step in creating sustainable co-management of fisheries resources. According to DoF, 6 out of 16 ongoing development projects under implementation includes community based fisheries management, involving more than 0.2 million project beneficiaries (DoF 2012a)149. Further depletion of fish stock in the perennial and seasonal water bodies should be prevented through stricter enforcement of the ban on indiscriminate fishing during the breeding season, more breeding grounds declared as fish sanctuaries with adequate protection, and expansion of employment and other support measures for fisher communities during the fishing ban periods.

___________________________________________________________________________ 146 Karim, M., M. Ahmed, R. K. Talukder, M. A. Taslim, H. Z. Rahman (2006). Policy Working Paper: Dynamic Agribusiness-Focussed Aquaculture for Poverty Reduction and Economic Growth in Bangladesh. World Fish Center Discussion Series No. 1. World Fish Centre, Penang, Malaysia. 147 Dey et.al. (2012). Change and Diversity in Small holder Rice-Fish Systems: Recent Evidence from Bangladesh. IFPRI Discussion paper 01220, IFPRI, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 148 DoF (2012a). Annual Report 2011. Department of Fisheries. Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka. 149 DoF (2012a). ibid.

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4.5. Programme 5: Livestock development with a focus on poultry and dairy production

Programme 5 of the CIP deals with livestock development with a focus on poultry and dairy production. It contributes to the implementation of the NFP PoA AoI 1.4 on agricultural diversification which has a number of provisions for fostering the development of livestock and livestock products. Programme 5 is articulated along the following four subprogrammes: (1) strengthening animal health services, including better diagnosis and surveillance systems to mitigate diseases outbreak; (2) Strengthening husbandry capacity at household level though community based improved knowledge and advisory services; (3) improve availability and quality of inputs through public private partnerships; and (4) research on livestock developments, including genetic improvements.

4.5.1. Progress towards achievements

Table 15: Progress towards achievement of CIP programme 5 CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators 2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Source

GDP from livestock sector as % of agricultural GDP (excluding forest, at constant price 1995-96)

14.6% 14.4% 14.1% 14.1% BBS Statistical Yearbooks

Total production (quantity) of

Eggs (million) 5653.2 5742.4 6078.5 7304 MoF, Bangladesh Economic Review

Milk (million MT) 2.65 2.37 2.97 3.47 Meat (million MT) 1.04 1.26 1.99 2.33

Annual change in artificial insemination 1.56% 15.25% 7.67% 10.11% DLS, MoFL Annual change in number of poultry deaths

due to avian flu 333% 274% 231% -75.4%

Livestock production increasing and share of agricultural GDP no longer reducing The share of livestock value added in agriculture GDP (excluding forestry) remained unchanged at 14.1% in 2011/12, in contrast with the slow decline observed since 2007/08 (Table 15). There has been an encouraging growth of virtually all main livestock products: between 2010/11 and 2011/12, production of eggs increased by 20%, while milk and meat each rose by 17%. Overall, this represents an encouraging response to the increasing diversification of food consumption that is taking place mainly in urban areas150 and is increasingly impacting on the trade balance. Between 2007 and 2010, the trade deficit of dairy products and eggs increased by 130%, up from -102.36 million USD to -236.01 million USD151. While contributing to contain the trade deficit, the production of eggs, milk and poultry boost nutritional outcomes in low-income households, especially in rural areas. Poultry death dropped and artificial insemination accelerated Poultry death due to highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) dropped markedly (-75%) in 2011/12 after increasing in 2009/10 and 2010/11. Improved animal health has allowed the poultry industry to substantially accelerate growth after the massive blow experienced during the repeated outbreaks of avian influenza that forced nearly half of the country's 150,000 farms to suspend their activities. It appears that outbreak of HPAI has reduced heavily because of different actions taken by the Government. Increased consciousness on bio-security measures among farmers and reduced prices of soybean meal, an important

___________________________________________________________________________ 150 NFPCSP (2012). Strengthen diversification to further improve food and nutrition security, Policy brief no. 7. 151 Calculated from data obtained from FAOStat.

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poultry feed ingredient, also supported the rebound in farming152. The extension of vaccination coverage also accelerated the industry's recovery153. Artificial insemination, a key factor for improving livestock breeds, accelerated in 2011/12, after the slow-down observed in 2010/11, confirming an overall satisfactory progress since 2007/08.

4.5.2. Policy developments/programmes underway and needs for further action

The Sixth Five Year Plan (2011-15) emphasizes the importance of ensuring adequate feed supply; imparting training to veterinary technicians for identifying and treating common diseases and administering vaccines; cross-breeding of imported and domestic animals; improving livestock management practices for farmers; improving the breed of goats while retaining its disease resistance and skin quality; removing barriers that constrain the poor’s ownership of large animals; protecting the livestock sector from avian flu, anthrax etc.; and conducting research on production of vaccines according to climate and weather of the country.

In line with the SFYP, the final draft of the National Livestock Extension Policy (2013)154 has been prepared taking into account the rapidly changing context characterized by increasing demand for livestock products including organic products, increasing trends in production and investment. The policy focuses on veterinary public health and food safety issues; producers’ organizations; one stop livestock extension services; supply chain development; popularization of successful models and technologies; linkage among research, extension, education and farmers; constraints to farmers’ access to extension services; development of family level small scale livestock farming.

An Animal Slaughter and Meat Quality Control Act (2011)155, aiming at ensuring the slaughter of livestock and poultry in hygienic environments, has been approved by Parliament. The Government has published user manuals and introduced microcredit programmes for small, marginal and poor livestock and poultry farmers. The Bangladesh Dairy Development Council has been established156.

Between July 2009 and June 2012, 27.7 livestock and 600.6 million poultry were vaccinated and 6.7 million cattle were artificially inseminated. One buffalo breeding farm and one sheep development farm were established. Moreover, a Veterinary Drug Administration Cell has been established. The National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza was upgraded to international standards Bio-safety Level-2 Plus (BSL-II+) and SAARC has approved it as a regional reference laboratory. For the first time with the assistance of JICA, a new variety of commercial layer (named “Shubhra”) has been developed. It can lay 280 to 295 eggs per year. Thanks to long preservation efforts and genetic research, a domestic cattle breed (“Red Chittagong Cattle”) has been protected from extinction with possible positive impact on productivity of milk157.

___________________________________________________________________________ 152 Between January 2011 and January 2012, soybean meal price declined by 16%, from 412 USD/MT to 347 USD. http://www.indexmundi.com/commodities/?commodity=soybean-meal&months=60 153 The Daily Star, 22 February 2013. 154 http://www.dls.gov.bd/Final%20Draft%20%20of%20National%20Extension%20Policy.pdf 155 http://www.dls.gov.bd/files/Slaughter%20Act%20-2011.pdf 156 MoFLS, MTBF. 157 MoFLS, MTBF.

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Programme 5 of the CIP has a financed budget of only 68.2 million USD, equivalent to a share of 1.1% of the total resources mobilized so far. Of the 16 projects financed as of June 2012, 3 were completed and 13 ongoing. Among the ongoing projects, 1 was initiated in FY 2010/11 and 3 in FY 2011/12. The 3 projects completed since 2010/11 had a total value of 14.5 million USD, which indicates that the average project size has slightly decreased from 4.8 million USD of the completed to 4.2 million USD for the ongoing.

It should be highlighted that no project has so far been financed under subprogrammes 5.3 (improving availability and quality of inputs through public private partnerships) while 2 projects are currently in pipeline. The total number of projects in pipeline is 10 with an average value of almost 14 million USD.

Total delivery between July 2010 and June 2012 is 38.8 million USD of which 10.3 was delivered during the last fiscal year and 13.7 over 2010/11. Overall, programme 4 requires additional attention in order to scale up public services in research, extension and animal health to the level required to sustain and accelerate the growing livestock sector. Particular attention is needed for subprogramme 5.3.

Needs for further action in this area include:

Ensuring supply of quality and safe feed and fodder: Feed is a key factor for animal production.158 The poor quality and high price of feed and scarcity of fodder constitute the main constraint for the growth of livestock and poultry farming. A study found out that in Bangladesh livestock feeds are inferior with substandard nutrition value.159 In 2010, although the Government approved the Animal and Fish Feed Act, poor quality feed is still produced and marketed by different companies due to an absence of proper monitoring. Bangladesh needs to set up testing laboratories at main feed producing centres to ensure quality feed. In line with NLEP (2013), fodder production can be augmented by using government fallow land, roadside slopes, riverside slopes and newly accreted char land. It is noticeable that in order to expand grass cultivation technology, 4260 exhibitions were arranged at farm level by the Government over the period 2010–2012. Moreover, 35 million cuttings of 3 newly innovated fodder were distributed among farmers in different regions during the last three years160. Among the CIP pipeline projects requiring attention is the "Establishment of cattle feed plant for enhancing milk production".

Diversifying supply and monitoring private sector production and marketing of vaccines: Only a small amount of vaccines is produced in the country by one veterinary vaccine production laboratory under DLS. In the private sector, pharmaceutical companies either manufacture or import livestock vaccines. Government should continuously monitor vaccine production and marketing by the private sector and take initiative to further diversify availability. For this purpose, capacity of DLS personnel needs to be up scaled. Besides, there is urgent need to develop pipeline projects to improve availability and quality of inputs through public private partnerships. More broadly, the CIP subprogramme 5.3 aiming to “improve availability and quality of inputs through public private partnerships" requires additional efforts in formulation and financing.

___________________________________________________________________________ 158 Makkar, H. Feed and Fodder Challenges for Asia and the Pacific, Animal Production and Health Division, FAO. 159 http://www.studymode.com/essays/Livestock-Feed-Marketing-In-Bangladesh-Problems-598715.html 160 MoFLS, MTBF.

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Breed management for livestock: Productivity of milk in Bangladesh is the lowest with average 206 kg/ head/ year compared to 1087 kg for India, 1253 kg for Pakistan and 9118 kg for the USA161. The most common local cow has very low productivity. Although productivity has improved significantly by creating various cross breeds in the country, a selective breeding program is needed to obtain the best possible lines for milk production. Artificial insemination services are provided by a number of organizations, including DLS, Milk Vita and BRAC. However there is no breeding programme to selectively breed a few generations of acclimatized cows. The Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI) is tasked with developing appropriate technologies and breeds that are suitable to our environment. However, BLRI has also been hampered by a shortage of manpower and finances. Since 2001 the BLRI’s budget has been almost completed devoted to salaries with only 6.5% on average left over for financing research related expenditure162. The private sector in Bangladesh has not reached the technological sophistication nor has the financial power to conduct research on improving the genetic potentiality of the animals, while it is desirable that the benefits of genetic improvements are publicly available rather than appropriated by single corporations. Thus, the government and universities should take the initiative to conduct research on improving the quality of livestock. Properly funded and monitored cross-breeding and selective breeding programmes are essential to create climatized breeds that will be produced optimally in the Bangladesh environment. The budget allocation for subprogramme on research on livestock development which accounts for only 0.55% of the total CIP budget is very limited for genetic development of livestock in the country. Financing and implementation of the three pipeline projects on “Establishment of Post-graduate Training and Research Facilities on Livestock”, “Establishment of Buffalo Breeding Station for Enhancing Milk Production” and “Buffalo Dairy Development through Selective Breeding Project” may contribute to reduce the gap.

Conserving of Black Bengal goat species: The goat is the most neglected, but important species of livestock in Bangladesh. Among the Asiatic countries, Bangladesh possesses the third largest repository of goats, with a population of more than 34 million heads. More than 90% of the goats of the country are of the Black Bengal breed. Local black Bengal goats are disease resistant and able to live off scavenged food. The skins of these goats are also of high quality and a major source of export earnings. Each year goat provides 127,000 MT of meat, accounting for 25% of total red meat. It is also important for uplifting income of the rural poor as more than 98% of goats are owned by the small, marginal and landless farmers in rural areas163. Therefore, goat productivity must be increased to meet the growing demand for meat in the future. Efforts should be made to improve the breed to increase meat (and milk) production, while retaining its disease resistance and skin quality. One obstacle to meeting this requirement is that programmes for scientific breeding are practically absent. Therefore, a comprehensive programme of genetic improvement and conservation of local goat needs to be initiated. For genetic improvement of indigenous cattle like Black Bengal goats in the existing situation, an

___________________________________________________________________________ 161 http://statinfo.biz/Geomap.aspx?region=154&act=6243&lang=2162 http://www.undp.org.bd/library/policypapers/Dev%20of%20Dairy%20Indus(English).pdf 163 http://www-naweb.iaea.org/nafa/aph/stories/2006-black-bengal.html

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Open Nucleus Breeding Scheme (ONBS) may be undertaken as it is the most suitable system for a country like Bangladesh164. Under the CIP, no project in connection with goat development has been initiated.

Improving bio-security in poultry farms as well as in the marketing chain: Poultry is a major contributor to the growth of the livestock sector. In recent years producers have borne tremendous losses due to the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), although its attack has reduced substantially in the last year. Official figures are not always reliable as many farmers try to hide HPAI outbreaks because the compensation they receive for culled birds is less than what they receive from selling the birds. Outbreaks of HPAI can be limited through the improvement of bio-security in poultry farms and in the marketing chain, and by involving all stakeholders, including farmers, feed millers, processors, traders and consumers. Principles of bio-security plans are to increase the ability of animals to resist diseases; minimize the contact that might result in diseases; and eliminate sources of infection. For this purpose, the Government and private sector should undertake joint initiatives.

Scaling up budget allocation in the livestock sub-sector: Instead of scaling up, budget allocation for fishery and livestock sector has reduced from 9.789 billion taka in FY2011/12 to 9.497 billion taka in FY2012/13165. Moreover, only 1.1% of total CIP budget is allocated for the livestock development programme. Budget allocation to the livestock sector is limited and needs to be scaled up through the formulation and financing of projects in activities that can support the growth of private investments such as veterinary services and disease control, improvement of breeds and production of animal feeds, improvement of processing and marketing facilities so as to accelerate growth of the sub-sector and realize its potential for the improvement of income and the food security status of the population.

Improving marketing of livestock and livestock products and development of value chain: In line with NAEP (2013), adoption of technologies in marketing of livestock and its products should be market driven rather than technology driven. Production of livestock products like milk, meat and eggs are seriously hampered by the inadequate development of the marketing system and market infrastructure for these perishable products. Without adequate access to organized markets, technological innovation will not take place as required for a real breakthrough in productivity. For example, in the dairy industry, collection and processing of milk is normally conducted by private enterprises, but it cannot work effectively without a marketing network that coordinated the multitude of producers involved. Value chain is the full range of activities which are required to bring a product or service from conception, through the intermediary phases of design, production, delivery to final consumers, and final disposal after use166. Constraints hindering value chain development should be identified and government should provide an enabling environment, opening opportunities, reducing risks and vulnerability for harnessing full potential of the livestock sector.

___________________________________________________________________________ 164 In open Nucleus Breeding System Gene flow from both way viz., downward from nucleus to other lower herd (multiplier & commercial) and upward from lower to upper herd (nucleus) by introduction of superior animals from other herds. 165 The Financial Express, June 8, 2012. 166 Kaplinsky, R (2000). Globalization and Unequalization: What can be learned from value chain analysis. Journal of Development Studies 37 (2): 117-146.

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5. Access: progress towards CIP and NFP PoA outputs

Access to food by all people at all times is a necessary condition for national food security. A range of social and economic factors influence individual access to food, gained through entitlements in market systems, social systems and public systems. The CIP addresses access to food through its Programmes 6 to 9, which correspond to 11 Areas of Intervention under the NFP PoA, including the 5 AoIs listed in the PoA under food availability and subsequently brought under food access by the CIP. Also, whilst the PoA lists under food access the area of intervention on agricultural disaster management (PoA AoI 2.1), in the CIP this is listed under food availability. The exact way in which CIP programmes correspond to PoA interventions is described further below under each programme.

5.1. Programme 6: Improved access to markets, value-addition in agriculture, and non-farm incomes

Programme 6 of the CIP aims to increase access to food by boosting rural household incomes through greater farm and non-farm value-addition, combined with greater access to markets, through four subprogrammes to: (i) improve physical access to market facilities and information, (ii) mobilize and promote producer and marketing groups for improved market access and knowledge, (iii) develop adequate storage, processing, value addition and reduce wastage through public-private partnerships, (iv) promote and assist the development of off farm activities and rural businesses. The programme corresponds to the following seven AoIs in the NFP PoA: physical infrastructure (PoA AoI 1.6), agricultural marketing (PoA AoI 1.7), policy/ regulatory environment (PoA AoI 1.8), private food trade (PoA AoI 2.3), agro-processing (PoA AoI 2.6), household income generation (PoA AoI 2.5) and skill formation (PoA AoI 2.7).

5.1.1 Progress towards achievements

Differences between farm gate and retail prices widened The difference between farm gate and retail prices of coarse rice was 13.8% in 2011-12, compared to 6.5% in the previous year. This difference was the highest since 2008-09 when retail prices adjusted only with a delay to the fall of prices that followed the food price crisis. The price margin increased between 2010/11 and 2011/12 for potato, lentil and onion. For brinjal, the difference between farm gate and retail price fluctuated over the recent past. Since the difference represents the difference of annual average prices, it does not capture the seasonal difference of prices. The high differences corroborate the notion that producers get small shares of consumers spending on the products. A recent study showed farmers’ share of the retail price of potato for the Bogra-Dhaka marketing chain at 69% in the harvest season and 43% in the lean season167, implying price spreads of 31% and 57% respectively. The exceptionally high price margin observed for lentil may be explained by the fact that the farm gate price is based on domestic produce only, whereas the retail price

___________________________________________________________________________ 167 Reardon, T. et. al. (2012). The Quiet Revolution in Staple Food Value Chains: Enter the Dragon, the Elephant and the Tiger. Asian Development Bank, Manila.

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is based on a mix of domestic and imported produce, in which the imported component has an increasing share, with higher quality and prices. Table 16: Progress towards achievement of CIP programme 6

CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators 2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Source

Difference between farm gate and retail price of selected goods as % of farm gate

Coarse rice 4.8% 1.0% 6.5% 13.8%

DAM Lentil 39.3% 66.5% 105.9% 129.9%

Onion 13.7% 39.1% 14.9% 63.4% Brinjal 67.0% 45.9% 24.2% 29.7% Potato 21.0% 25.3% 41.1% 54.5%

Difference between dealers’ and farmers’ prices of fertilizers as % dealers price

Urea 19% - 25% 20% 20%, 11%

11% MoA Circular on mill gate price and maximum farmers' price

TSP 3% - 6% 10% 10% 10% MoP 17% - 31% 9% 15% 15%

Number of growth centers, rural markets, women market centers, and Union Parishad Complexes developed by LGED

442 350 580 413 LGED M&E

Wage differential between male and female in agriculture

48% 43% 41% 40% Yearbook of Agricultural Statistics and Monthly Statistical Bulletin, BBS

Real GDP growth of small scale manufacturing

7.1% 7.8% 5.8% 6.5% Bangladesh Economic Review (Bangla), BBS

Number of students enrolled in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions

89,637 125,594 139,374 144,904 Bangladesh Economic Review and BANBEIS Ratio of TVET students in year t to

secondary and higher secondary school enrolment in year t-1

1.21% 1.84% 1.90% 1.94%

Difference between dealers’ and farmers’ prices of fertilizers remain relatively stable Table 16 shows that the difference between dealers’ and farmers’ prices of different types of fertilizers ranged between 10% and 15% which is a reasonable range of difference. For urea this is equivalent to 1 taka. The higher difference for urea price observed in the past was explained by weight loss (about 2-3 kg from a bag of 50 kg) mainly due to the fact that bags were often opened to sell in small quantities to small farmers. According to DAE Officials, such loss has been minimized to a good extent by encouraging farmers to buy whole bags of urea by a single or more than one buyer. Fewer new growth centres and rural markets developed The number of growth centres, rural markets, women market centres and UP complexes developed fell from the exceptional number of 580 in 2010/11 to 413 in 2011/12, which is in line with the average performance recorded since 2007/08. Improved markets and rural transport infrastructure is needed to widen market access. Farm products are transported within rural areas, and from rural to urban areas, using mainly unpaved roads. The Roads and Highways Department constructed more than 400 kilometers of roads between 2007 and 2010, and paved and unpaved roads maintained by the Local Government Institutions increased by 6,366 kilometers and 18,307 kilometers, respectively between 2007/08 and 2009/10168. With a view to strengthening the rural economy, 28,086 km out of 37,763 km of Upazila roads have been brought under development work169. ___________________________________________________________________________ 168 BBS: Statistical Pocket Book of Bangladesh 2011. 169 Budget Speech (2011-12) of the Finance Minister, Ministry of Finance, Government of Bangladesh.

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Persisting wage difference between men and women in agriculture The wage difference between men and women in agriculture continued to decline slightly, but still remains at around 40%. Major involvement of women in agricultural work is concentrated in the Hill Tract areas and in some areas of Rangpur, Dinajpur, Mymensingh and Jamalpur districts. However, a good part of post-harvest activities are carried out by women, generally at household premises, all over the country170. In 2011/12, the wage differential between men and women in agriculture was estimated at 40% which was marginally lower than that in the preceding two years.

Figure 24 shows a decline in the seasonal variation in the male-female rural wage differential171. In 1995, the rural nominal wage differential between males and females was 51% in the peak season and 45% in the lean season. In 2010, the wage differential was 37% in both peak and lean seasons. Higher male-female wage differentials are reported, and these are likely to depend on sectors, location, seasons and casualness of the work; for example reports exist of men getting 64% more for doing equal amount of earth work, and in another location, men got 87% more for working in a brick field172. Growth of value added in small scale manufacturing exceeded overall GDP growth Real GDP growth of small scale manufacturing was 6.5% in 2011/12, above the 5.8% growth in 2010/11. Annual performance during last year and most of previous years has been, as expected, above agricultural GDP growth. More surprisingly, it has often exceeded also the GDP growth, confirming the vast potential of agribusiness as a source of income, employment and food diversification. Under the SME refinancing scheme managed by the Bangladesh Bank, 1806 crore taka has been refinanced to various banking and non-banking financial institutions up to 30 April 2011. Total loan disbursement for agro processing industries increased from 16,591 crore taka in 2010-11 to 19,378 crore taka in 2011-12173. The SME Foundation has initiated a special credit package programme, named ‘Gunabati’, for the exclusive benefit of women entrepreneurs174.

___________________________________________________________________________ 170 Some unpaid self employment is not generally priced and remains outside labor market transactions. It is true that for some of these activities, such as manual threshing, women’s output is not less than those of men. Proper pricing of these activities would reveal some level of wage parity between men and women in agriculture. 171 Zhang et. al. (2013). Rising Wages in Bangladesh. IFPRI Discussion Paper 01249. March 2013. 172 Daily Prothom Alo, March 8, 2013. 173 Bangladesh Bank: http://www.bangladesh-bank.org/openpdf.php 174 Budget Speech (2011-12) of the Finance Minister, op. cit.

Figure 24: Wage differential between male and female by season

0

40

80

120

160

200

1995 2000 2005 2010

Taka

pe

r da

y

Peak season-male Peak season-femaleLean season-male Lean season-female

Source: Zhang et. al. (2013)

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Skill development training increased Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutes are engaged in developing skilled manpower by offering both short and medium term training in engineering, commerce and other vocations. Table 16 shows that enrolment in these institutes registered an impressive increase from 89,637 in 2007/08 to 144,904 in 2011/12, representing an annual average increase of about 12%. Also, the ratio of TVET enrolment to lagged secondary education enrolment has increased, showing that the opportunity to continue with technical or vocational education has increased despite the increase in population. Technical training leading to diploma and certificates are being offered by both public and private institutions. Several other institutions contribute to train personnel for technology generation and dissemination, including the Central Extension Resources Development Institute (CERDI) at Joydevpur, the Graduate Training Institute (GTI) attached to the Agricultural University at Mymensingh and 12 Agricultural Training Institutes (ATIs) located throughout the country. During the Sixth Five Year Plan period, two more ATIs will be established to meet the growing needs of extension agents. The Academies for Rural Development in Comilla and Bogra train agricultural personnel including model farmers and managers of village cooperative societies on various aspects of technology generation and dissemination. On a regional basis, women farmers will be trained on crop cultivation including homestead agriculture, with emphasis on new technologies such as compost making and other organic manure production175. Rural women’s skills development can be enhanced through increased training in cottage industries, and employment opportunities can be expanded by establishing more cottage industries through public and private initiatives. 5.1.2 Policy developments/programmes underway and need for further action The financed and pipeline budget for Programme 6 increased from 1,318 million USD to 1,711 million USD, while the number of projects increased from 49 to 52. In terms of financed projects (completed and ongoing), Programme 6 accounts for 18.8% of the CIP, and has 1,168 million USD.

Subprogramme 6.1, focusing on infrastructure development, absorbs an overwhelming part of the total budget, and as of June 2012, has financed eight projects already completed and 21 ongoing projects. The major ongoing projects are: ‘Marketing of agricultural products through development of rural communication system’ and ‘Construction of village road, bridge/culvert and other infrastructure of underdeveloped Upazilas of North-West Bangladesh’. An additional six projects are in the pipeline with a total budget of 250 million USD. Subprogramme 6.2 has so far mobilized only 8.6 million USD under a project completed in 2011/12, and two that are ongoing. There is a good pipeline with five projects for a total of 10 million USD. Under subprogramme 6.3, despite the attention devoted during the CIP consultations, no investment has taken place in public-private partnerships as a means to develop storage, processing and value addition. The 10 pipeline projects considered in the CIP 2011 have not been sponsored by any institution, and only one remained in CIP 2012. However, two new projects have been formulated in the course of the last fiscal year, bringing the total pipeline awaiting financing to three projects for a total ___________________________________________________________________________ 175 The Sixth Five Year Plan (2011-15). Part-2: Sectoral Strategies, Programs and Policies. Planning Commission. Ministry of Planning, Governance of Bangladesh, Dhaka, July 2011.

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value of 47.2 million USD. Subprogramme 6.4 promotes the development of off- farm activities and rural businesses with a total financing of 78.8 million USD already secured for 10 completed projects and 26 currently being implemented. There is also a significant pipeline including 16 projects for a total cost of 46.5 million USD.

Delivery over the first 2 years of the CIP has totalled 462 million USD, decreasing from 246 million USD in 2010/11 to 216 million USD in 2011/12. This is essentially due to the reduced expenditure under the DPs financed activities under subprogramme 6.1, which is consistent with reduction in the number of ongoing projects from 25 in FY 2010-11 to 21 in FY 2011-12.

For programme 6 as a whole, the most important pipeline projects are ‘Strengthening capacity building of the Department of Agricultural Marketing (DAM) in research and policy analysis on agriculture marketing information’, ‘Improving marketing efficiency through value chain linkage development in 6 selected districts’ and ‘Ensuring food security through enhancing value addition and processing activities in 10 selected districts’. Part of the budget increase is accounted for by one large project “Construction of small bridges/culverts on the rural roads (3rd Phase)” that entered the pipeline in the original CIP and was further expanded in the following years.

For improving the rail communication system, a Ministry for Railway was established in 2012 and the 20 Year Master Plan for Railway is nearly finalised. Under the Railway Sector Improvement Project, construction of a double line rail track along Tongi-Bhairab Bazaar has been started. To improve the water transportation system by enhancing the navigability of rivers, dredging activities have been intensified and 3 new dredgers have been procured176.

The Government has introduced training for Upazila Parishad Chairpersons and Vice Chairpersons as part of strengthening local government institutions. The Government has also constructed 652 Union Parishad complexes during the period 2009-11177.

On the policy and regulatory front, the Agricultural Produce Markets Regulation Act 1964 (revised in 1985) is being reformulated as the new Agricultural Marketing and Agribusiness Management Act (2011). The proposed legislation is expected to improve the legal framework governing agricultural price information, agribusiness and marketing. It has incorporated new license fees and license renewal fees for wholesalers, aratdars and commission agents. The Government enacted the Consumer Right Protection Act 2009 to determine, promote and protect the rights of consumers through fair and honest trade practices by manufacturers and traders of goods and services. However, implementation of the Act has been fraught with difficulties.

Recently the Government has formulated a draft Food Safety Act 2013, with provision for establishing a National Food Safety Management Advisory Council and an independent Bangladesh Food Safety Authority. The draft Act is expected to be placed before Parliament soon. Improvement of food safety and quality regulations is important not only for public health and nutrition, but also for establishing a normative framework for the development of agribusiness from the farm to the consumer. Indeed, the possibility to easily recognize and trust the quality and safety of food can be seen as a very important contribution to the reduction of transaction costs.

___________________________________________________________________________ 176 Budget speech (2011-12) of the Finance Minister op. cit. 177 Budget speech (2011-12) ibid.

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Need for further action in this area include:

Sustaining development and maintenance of rural transportation and market infrastructures: Although there has been substantial expansion of rural road networks over the past years, some areas still face constraints in accessing markets with negative impact on the growth of perishable, high value products. The further development of the road network should also ensure quality of construction to prevent deterioration of rural roads shortly after construction. Beside the road network, attention needs to be given to water transport, so as to valorise the country’s network of rivers, canals and haors. Also important is the rail transportation system, which has been neglected in the past. The Government has recently established the Rail Ministry, which is expected to enhance this transportation system. Equally important is to sustain the development of growth centres, rural markets, women market centres and UP complexes.

Integrating rural infrastructure development with safety net programmes: Safety net programmes are increasingly being refocused towards productive and promotional directions. Such focus can conveniently be integrated with construction, repair and maintenance of rural transportation infrastructure and other asset creation. The Food/Cash for work and Employment Generation Programme for the Ultra poor can be integrated with rural infrastructure building and asset creation. In doing so, a great deal of care needs to be taken in identifying and designing the appropriate rural infrastructure projects178.

Developing cold storage and transportation facilities: Most fruits and horticultural products are perishable and need to be preserved for short or long durations before marketing. Potato is the produce stored for a relatively longer period. Hossain and Miah (2009)179 estimated total post-harvest loss of potato at 28% for traditionally stored potatoes and 23% for cold stored potatoes. Hassan and Raha (2013)180 identified several measures for improving cold storage facilities for potato including regularity of electricity supply, technical skill development of cold storage operators and maintenance of multi-chamber cold storage providing different levels of temperatures for table and seed potatoes. Some fruits and vegetables are stored for shorter duration before transporting and marketing. In addition to cold storage facilities, there is a growing need for refrigerated transport. These is particularly relevant for fruits, vegetables and milk. While some large corporates, such as PRAN, BRAC, Milk Vita and Aftab maintain their own chilling plants and refrigerated vehicles, such facilities are not available for smaller traders and processors. Exemption from duties for some years can boost the import of vehicles and other essential facilities.

Developing processing for value addition and wastage minimization: While large private companies such as PRAN, BRAC, Square and Aftab Groups are increasingly active in agro-processing, none of the projects included in the pipeline for subprogramme 6.3 have so far been implemented. As part of this effort it is also

___________________________________________________________________________ 178 Field visits by the NFPCSP Team in 2008 revealed that some projects of the 100 Day Employment Generation programme (2008-09) were not properly designed, and hence faced a lot of constraints in their implementation. 179 Hossain, M. A and M. A. M. Miah (2009). Post harvest Losses and Technical Efficiency of Potato Storage Systems in Bangladesh. Final Report No. 2/08. NFPCSP Research Grant Initiative. FAO/MoF, Dhaka. 180 Hassan, M. K. and S. K. Raha (2013). Improving Marketing System Performance for Fruits and Vegetables in Bangladesh. Research completed through NFPCSP/FAO support, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

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possible to minimize wastage and valorize by-products. A Department of Agriculture Marketing (DAM) report presents evidence on producing edible oil from rice bran in different locations of Bangladesh181. Rashidpur Oil Mill at Pabna uses 40 metric tons and Amarend Oil Industry uses 25 metric tons of rice bran per day for producing edible oil. More of such initiatives are required to stimulate value addition in the interests of farmers, processors and consumers.

Developing technical skills: With increasing technological developments and mechanization of agricultural activities, the need for technically skilled personnel is increasing rapidly. As has been mentioned, skill development training activities are increasing rapidly. Such activities need to be further expanded along the lines of non-crop and non-agricultural activities including fisheries, livestock, agro-processing and manufacturing/repairing of farm implements.

Promoting farmers’ organizations in marketing farm products: Small and marginal farmers generally sell their agricultural produce immediately after harvest, more often at the farm gate. Their poor bargaining power means they are deprived of the remunerative prices of their products. Small and marginal farmers cannot access the Government procurement centres for selling paddy at the incentive prices offered by the Government. In the case of other products such as vegetables and fruits, they can reach only up to local markets where they fall in the grip of middlemen to whom they are generally compelled to sell at lower prices because of perishability of the products. Hossain and Miah (2009)182 studied the marketing chain of 12 fruits and vegetables and found the percentage difference between harvest and retail prices at 120% for tomato, 116% for papaya and 129% each for pineapple and jackfruits. Concerted efforts are needed for promoting farmers’ organizations for marketing farm products, particularly in remote areas.

Reducing wage differentials between men and women: Although national level data have shown some improvement over time, wage differential is still in the order of 40%. More recent location-specific anecdotal reports exist of even wider difference in male-female wages. More research and analyses are needed to identify if the main determinants of the wage differential are productivity differences or others- and identify suitable interventions to minimize it.

5.2. Programme 7: Strengthened capacities for implementation and monitoring of the NFP and CIP actions

Programme 7 aims to strengthen organisational and human capacities to design, implement and monitor the NFP PoA and the CIP. It is articulated in 3 subprogrammes focusing on strengthening capacities of: 1) the Government in policy implementation, coordination and monitoring; 2) the Government in design, management and operation of CIP operations; and 3) civil society organisations to contribute to CIP development and implementation. The insititutional setting for the NFP PoA and CIP and the monitoring framework are explained in Chapter 2.

___________________________________________________________________________ 181 Hossain, J. (2012). Prospects and Imperatives for Production of Edible Oil from Rice Bran (in Bangla). Department of Agriculture Marketing. Khamarbari, Dhaka. 182 Hossain, M. A. and M. A. M. Miah (2009). op. cit.

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5.2.1 Progress towards achievements

Progress under Programme 7 is measured by three indicators in Table 17. Table 17: Progress towards achievement of CIP programme 7

CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators 2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Source

Additional resources mobilized for CIP183 na na 1,616 million

USD 1,712 million

USD CIP

monitoring Increase in ongoing projects Number

na na 83 65

CIP monitoring Value

1,647 million USD

1,591 million USD

CIP available budget execution performance na na 47.8% 50.6% CIP

monitoring

CIP Monitoring Reports produced na na Produced Produced FPMU

Additional resources mobilized for CIP During 2011/12, an additional 1,712 million USD were mobilized in projects previously in the pipeline or newly identified. This compares to 1,616 million USD in FY 2010/11, with an increase in fund mobilization of 96 million USD. Increase in projects implemented under the CIP Implementation of 65 projects (new or previously in pipeline) was initiated in 2011/12, valued at 1,591 million USD, out of a total additional financing of 1,712 million USD, with the balance of 121 million USD accounted for by revisions to the budgets of ongoing projects. This compares with 83 new projects in 2010/11, valued at 1,647 million USD, indicating that 18 fewer projects entered into implementation, but that the average size of projects increased from about 20 to 25 million USD.

Table 18 shows that the number of newly initiated projects decreased for the availability component from 50 in 2010/11 to 37 in 2011/12, although the value of projects increased from 841.8 million USD to 1211.7 million USD, an increase of 369.9 million USD. Table 18: Increase in number and value of projects implemented

Component

FY 2010/11 (revised)

FY 2011/12 Changes between FY 2011/12

and FY 2010/11

No. of Projects

Project Cost (million USD)

No. of Projects

Project cost (million USD)

No. of Projects

Project cost (million USD)

Total GoB DPs Total GoB DPs Total GoB DPs

Availability 50 841.8 57.3 784.5 37 1211.7 512.6 699.2 -13 369.9 455.3 -85.3

Access 18 666.1 147 519 14 272.1 102.2 169.9 -4 -394 -44.8 -349.1

Utilization 15 139.5 114.3 25.2 14 107.5 31.8 75.7 -1 -32 -82.5 50.5

Total 83 1647.3 318.6 1328.7 65 1591.3 646.5 944.8 -18 -56 327.9 -383.9

Source: CIP 2012 and CIP 2013

Under access, 14 new projects were initiated, compared to 18 projects in 2010/11, with the value of newly initiated projects decreasing by 394 million USD. The utilisation component shows a similar trend with 14 new projects initiated in 2011/12 compared to 15 in 2010/11, with the value of newly initiated projects decreasing by 32 million USD. DP contributions to newly initiated projects under availability and access decreased, whilst they increased under ___________________________________________________________________________ 183Additional resources mobilized for the CIP is calculated as the total of ongoing and completed projects as of June of each financial year.

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utilisation. GoB contributions to newly initiated projects increased by 327.9 million USD, entirely due to the availability component.

Implementation of the CIP Over the first two years of CIP implementation (1 July 2010 to 30 June 2012), a total of 1,662 million USD was disbursed, representing 27% of the budget (funded and non-funded) planned in the CIP by 2015. In terms of absorptive capacity and implementation, progress is slower than required as indicated with a delivery of 51% in 2011/12 and 48% in 2010/11 relative to the funded amount on a pro-rata basis (i.e. a fifth of the total funded CIP). At the latter rate of delivery, disbursement of the already funded CIP will take until 2017/18.

Table 19: CIP execution performance

Component

2010/11 2011/12

Delivery (million USD)

Yearly execution performance(1)

Delivery of the CIP 2013

as of June 2011(2)

Delivery (million USD)

Yearly execution performance(1)

Delivery of the CIP 2013

as of June 2012(2)

Availability 318.3 40.1% 9.2% 386.5 38.0% 20.4% Access 419.7 61.1% 17.5% 503.9 70.5% 38.6% Utilization 11.5 13.3% 3.4% 22.4 32.0% 9.9% Overall 749.5 47.8% 12.1% 912.8 50.6% 26.8%

Source: CIP 2012 and CIP 2013 Note: (1) The yearly execution is equal to the delivery in a given fiscal year divided by that year’s expected delivery – and expected delivery is calculated as that year’s share of the total project costs on a pro-rata basis, adjusting for projects that started before the CIP and others that will end after it. (2) Delivery of the CIP is the cumulative delivery up to the end of a given fiscal year divided by the total size of the CIP.

Table 19 disaggregates the execution performance by CIP components (2010/11 compared to 2011/12):

- The lowest execution has been in the utilisation component, although performance has improved substantially between 2010/11 and 2011/12. One-tenth of the utilisation component of the CIP was executed in two years.

- The availability component has middle execution performance – although this decreased by 2 percentage points between 2010/11 and 2011/12. One-fifth of the availability component of the CIP was executed in two years.

- The highest project delivery was in the access component, and its execution performance increased by 9 percentage points between 2010/11 and 2011/12 reaching an execution performance of 70.5% in 2011/12. Nearly two-fifths of the access component of the CIP was executed in two years. This component remains the closest to the targeted annual delivery.

At the rate of delivery observed during the first 2 years, full delivery of funds already allocated under the utilization component would require 15 years beyond June 2015; under the availability component, 3 years beyond June 2015; and under the access component, could be completed within June 2015. Admittedly, assuming constant delivery is not realistic because project implementation usually takes off after an initial start-up period. Under access and utilisation, financing decelerated and execution accelerated; whilst on the contrary, under availability, financing accelerated and execution decelerated. Though the increasing funding can partly explain the slow delivery observed, slow progress under the utilization and, to a lesser extent, the availability components clearly point to the need for

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additional efforts to increase the number and capacity of personnel involved in implementation, and to enhance implementation arrangements and procedures.

The slow execution of funds within the GoB is attributed to delays in procurement, land acquisition, recruitment of project staff and unrealistic aid estimates. Delays in contract approvals and delays in fund release are some of the challenges from the DP side. Nevertheless, performance of the ADP portfolio is a matter of concern184. Incremental budgeting and the tendency to add new projects while continuing with existing projects, has led to the practice of stretching scarce resources to cover new projects at the expense of inadequate maintenance of ongoing ones. Implications of poor management include time and cost overruns, deferral of project benefits to the future, and declining returns on investment. Consequently, the ADP has carried a significant backlog of incomplete projects each successive year, resulting in low rates of project completion and implementation185. Active institutional framework Under the arrangements in place for implementing, coordinating and monitoring the NFP PoA and CIP, inter-ministerial collaboration and information exchange continued to be enhanced through regular Thematic Team (TTs) meetings held at FPMU under the guidance of the Food Policy Working Group. This monitoring report is a direct outcome of this collaboration, as is the substantial inter-ministerial data sharing that underlies it. The report is expected to feed into the planning and implementation processes in individual ministries and divisions so as to enhance coherence, coordination and effectiveness.

During the last year, efforts have been made to maximize consistency and synergies with the mechanisms in place for Scaling Up Nutrition. In particular, the CIP framework has been used as a main reference in the costing of direct and indirect nutrition interventions in the country. Attention has also been devoted to maximize consistency between the NFP and CIP process and the ongoing debate for the assessment of progress toward the MDGs –especially MDG 1- and formulating the post MDG vision and goals. 5.2.2 Policy development/programmes underway and needs for further ac on

Programme 7 consists of technical assistance funded exclusively by development partners. It accounts for 0.28% of the funded CIP as of June 2012, with 2 completed, 3 ongoing and 3 pipeline projects. Programme 7.1 has two completed, one ongoing and two pipeline projects. Programmes 7.2 and 7.3 share one ongoing project of 13.8 million USD, which is the Integrated Agriculture Productivity Project financed by the GAFSP and implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture. Three pipeline projects await funding of a total of 47.5 million USD. Two pipeline projects are ideas for interventions identified as part of the consultation for the revision of the CIP. Enhancing monitoring information across ministries As with previous years, data to monitor the PoA and CIP, as presented in this report, was provided and endorsed by the TTs. The capacity of TTs in monitoring input data and outcomes has been strengthened through training under the NFPCSP and participation in

___________________________________________________________________________ 184 Khan, A. (2012). Presentation to the LCG on Improving Aid Effectiveness in Bangladesh. 185 World Bank (2010). Bangladesh Public Expenditure and Institutional Review. Report No. 47767-BD.

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producing this report. Project classification in the CIP database was enhanced in terms of (i) programmes and subprogrammes, (ii) implementing agency, and (iii) completed, ongoing or pipeline projects. The quality and reliability of CIP financial data has been also improved. The CIP Database, initially created on MS Excel was converted and updated to Access. Data from July 2010 to June 2012 has been validated against the ADP official records published by the Programming Division and IMED of the Ministry of Planning dating from 2010 to 2012/13. The results of these efforts are presented in detail in Chapter 7 and Annex 3 of this report. Ongoing capacity support by FAO, USAID and EU through the NFPCSP The NFPCSP will continue in close liaison with FPMU, to strengthen national capacities to formulate, implement and monitor equitable, pro-poor and gender sensitive food security and nutrition policies and investments until September 2014. NFPCSP actively supported FPMU to formulate and monitor the NFP PoA and CIP, and to produce publications on food and nutrition security. FPMU’s technical and institutional capacities have been enhanced by supporting the revision of its mandate, structure and staffing, strengthening its information systems and outreach capacity. The Unit’s ability to promote inter-ministerial collaborations has been reinforced through reform of the composition and operation modalities of four Thematic Teams and a Food Policy Working Group. Technical capacities of FPMU increased considerably through postgraduate study, specialised formal training in-country and abroad, and on-the-job training. To support sustainability, NFPCSP has invested in the capacities of academics to deliver university-level training on food and nutrition security. Support to the FPMU has increased the level of policy and research debate in the country and significantly strengthened the FPMU as the food and nutrition security hub of the GoB. Generating knowledge in support of decision making The FPMU and NFPCSP Research Grants Scheme (RGS) financed 16 policy-related studies executed by national academic institutions and non-government organizations, of which 14 will be completed before June 2013 and the other 2 before December 2013. Issues covered include the natural resources availability, diversification of agriculture, safety nets, formulation of food composition tables, dietary requirements and food safety. FPMU commissioned a study by BIDS to estimate parameters required for the national food budget and planning of public food operations. The GoB-WFP-UNDP study on social safety net transfer modalities (cash vs. food) is ongoing, with a baseline survey completed and the outcome survey ongoing. The MDG Fund has provided training to MoHFW staff on acute malnutrition and to DAE and DoLS staff on vegetable production and nutrition186. IFPRI’s Poverty Research and Strategy Support Programme supported studies on food policy research capacity, wages in Bangladesh and women’s employment in agriculture. Ongoing capacity support by FAO and GAFSP through the IAPP/TA The IAPP, implemented in collaboration with the MoA, is progressing. A mapping exercise of farmers’ organisations has been completed, and 261 community facilitators have been trained on community mobilization and facilitation. A study tour to India has been

___________________________________________________________________________ 186 Mid-term evaluation of the MDGF available online at http://www.mdgfund.org/sites/default/files/Bangladesh%20-%20Nutrition%20-%20Mid-term%20Evaluation%20Report_0.pdf.

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undertaken to expose IAPP officials to community mobilization activities by two World Bank financed projects. Development of a National Aid Policy and web-based Aid Information Management System (AIMS) A proposal has been put forth by the Aid Effectiveness Unit (AEU) of the Economic Relations Division, Ministry of Finance to develop a National Aid Policy to provide policy direction on aid management issues and donor coordination. The GoB has produced a draft policy which is still to be released for consultation. The development of an aid information management system (AIMS) to coordinate development partners and effectively manage aid flows within the country has also been proposed by the AEU. The AIMS will facilitate the provision of timely and accurate data to enable informed decision making with development partners, leading to more effective aid utilisation within the development context as a whole, and certainly within the CIP.187 Plans to enhance aid utilisation by streamlining the DPP/TPP process The Economic Relations Division of the Ministry of Finance in consultation with development partners has prepared a scoping study on the GoB Project Approval Process which set out recommendations to the Ministry of Planning for streamlining the DPP/TPP process. Although the recommendations are yet to be implemented, there is significant commitment from government to simplify the project revision and approval process. Progress to streamline the TPP/DPP process includes steps to create an online project planning system (PPS) for preparation, submission, review and approval of projects. A project called “Strengthening Public Expenditure Management Programme” (SPEMP) has been initiated with a TA component funded by the World Bank to be jointly implemented by the GED and the Programming Division of the Planning Commission. An inter-ministerial committee has been formed in the Planning Division headed by Joint Chief (ECNEC) to provide recommendations for modification of the existing approval procedure and formats for the DPP/TPP188.

Needs for further action in this area include:

Increasing efforts to scale up and strengthen implementation capacities: Insufficient organisational and human capacities remain a challenge to effective implementation of investment operations. National systems are not yet able to absorb fully the increased resources flowing into the CIP, which negatively affects the disbursement rates and timely implementation of projects. Multiple ministries are involved in project administration and numerous agencies are directly involved in programming, budgeting and even in project implementation. The complexity of the process leads to delays, loss of efficiency and reduces transparency and accountability. Enhancement of ADP management, including capacity building for planning and monitoring, and improvement of the procurement system is required to accelerate the rate of implementation and delivery of the CIP. Given that the rate

___________________________________________________________________________ 187 Aid Management in Bangladesh (2011). A Review of Policies and Procedures: Aid Effectiveness Unit, Economic Relations Division, Ministry of Finance, Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka. 188 Ministry of Planning (2012). Presentation to the LCG on Streamlining the TPP/DPP Process.

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of implementation for 2011/12 is 50.6%, significant improvement in disbursement capacities is required to accelerate delivery of ongoing and planned interventions.

Increasing efforts to institutionalise the annual monitoring process: Although incremental progress has been made in consolidating financial and technical capacity to monitor annual commitments under the NFP, significant technical assistance was required to produce this monitoring report. Capacity needs to be strengthened in FPMU to gather, store, retrieve and analyse data through a systematic database – and to maintain and manage the database, these include skills in financial tracking and analysis (see Programme 11 on developments underway). While TT meetings are active and participatory, the role of TT meetings in routine monitoring require further institutionalisation to strengthen monitoring of input data and draw implications for the implementation of the CIP. Linkages need to be reinforced between delivery and outcomes at the level of beneficiaries. Accuracy and consistency of financial (input) data collated from the GoB has to be improved. Data from various government agencies are collated through TT members, validated in TT meetings and cross-checked with the ADP publications from the Planning Commission, which are the final source of verified input data. Closer links between CIP and ADP monitoring needs to be forged. Capacity building of TT members on the CIP and PoA and in collecting and verifying input data should be provided annually, particularly because of turnover of TT members.

Facilitating development partners and aid effectiveness: DPs have a central role to play in terms of supporting government activities under Programme 7. As partners in the CIP, DPs are a crucial source of accurate and consistent financial data on ongoing and planned investments in the CIP. Despite awareness-raising in the LCG and the development of reporting templates and guidelines, timely and accurate reporting is yet to be achieved. DP roles are also crucial in valorising lessons learned from the CIP monitoring process and incorporating findings in future planning and priority setting. The inclusion of capacity development components in main development projects financed by DPs could serve to enhance delivery and effectiveness as well as to increase sustainability of national capacities.

Strengthening capacities for inclusion of civil society and community based organisations in the CIP: To date, the FPMU and the Thematic Teams have started to coordinate the CIP within government. Though civil society and the private sector are represented in the National Committees for the CIP, a demand driven process, inclusive of civil society and community based organisations is yet to be achieved. Although the CIP foresees initiatives under programme 7 to strengthen operational, technical and institutional capacity of civil society and communities to participate in CIP implementation, a good part of these are still in the pipeline, requiring formulation and financing commitments. Capacity strengthening of the GoB maybe necessary to construct participatory processes to bring together multiple stakeholders, to develop regulatory frameworks and ensure accountability and transparency.

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5.3. Programme 8: Enhanced public food management system

Public food management involves procurement of domestic and imported foodgrains, storage of grain in good condition and distribution of grains through various channels, to complement the overall objective of maintaining and improving food and nutrition security in the country. Domestic procurement has double objectives of supplying the public food distribution system and sustaining prices received by farmers during harvesting time when market prices generally go down. The government supports poor consumers through targeted non-monetized distribution such as VGF and TR, and through monetized distribution such as OMS. The latter has also a broad objective of stabilizing consumer prices of coarse rice and wheat during the lean season. Another main objective of the public food distribution system (PFDS) is to maintain strategic reserves able to secure supply at times of natural calamities and market shocks.

5.3.1 Progress towards achievements

Table 20: Progress towards achievement of CIP programme 8 CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators 2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Source

Effective grain storage capacity at close of fiscal year (thousand MT)

1,493 1,529 1,572 1,620 ITDS, Food Directorate

Average use of effective Government foodgrain storage capacity

38% 65% 52% 80% MISM, Food Division

Actual procurement (thousand MT) 706 1,196 563 978 MISM, Food Division Achievement of public boro procurement target

59% 100% 49% 99% MISM, Food Division

Wholesale price during the boro procurement period as % of boro per unit cost production

145% 86% 129% 117% Wholesale price (DAM); Production cost ( MoA)

Opening stock as % of budget target 64% 114% 47% 107% National Budget and

FPMU

Quantity of rice distributed through OMS as % of total domestic supply

0.90% 0.96% 2.96% 1.00% MISM, DG Food; BBS

Programme 8 aims to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the public food management system. It corresponds to two PoA AoIs: enhanced public procurement system to support producer prices (PoA AoI 1.10) and improved management of public stocks and price stabilization (PoA AoI 1.11). Major actions to be monitored are the modernizing of public storage, determining procurement price and quantity, and ensuring effectiveness of OMS operation. Programme 8 is articulated in 3 subprogrammes to: (1) enhance efficiency and effectiveness of public food management system and improve its impacts on price stabilization, (2) build capacities of the Ministry of Food and DG Food to better manage the food system and (3) increase and modernise public storage and handling capacity, including in disaster prone areas. Table 20 shows the relevant output indicators and their status of achievement. Increased public foodgrain storage capacity Effective grain storage capacity reached 1.62 million tons in 2011/12 with a significant increase on the previous year. There has been a consistently increasing trend since the food price crisis pointed out the need to reinforce government capacity to intervene in foodgrain markets in response to market volatility and natural calamities, including those induced by

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climate change, by scaling up food based safety net programmes, emergency food distribution and price stabilization interventions.

The Government plans to increase foodgrain storage capacity up to 1.9 million tons by 2013, 2.2 million tons by 2015 and 3.0 million tons by the year 2021. Over the past two years 140 godowns with storage capacity of 1.10 lakh metric tons have been built. Construction of 261 godowns with total storage capacity of 2.19 lakh metric tons is under way in different parts of the country. Works are in progress for construction of a concrete grain silo of 50 thousand metric ton capacity at Mongla Port. Besides, a feasibility study for 8 big modern storage facilities equipped with small silos with storage capacity of 5.5 lakh metric tons has been finalized counting on financial support from the World Bank. The new technologies being considered will allow grain storage for a longer period, minimizing quality losses in such a way to reduce the need to rotate the stock. The same project foresees the promotion of low cost storage facilities at farmer level to enhance resilience of foodgrain consumption and production, in response to the increasing climatic vulnerability. Fully utilized foodgrain storage capacity Average utilization of effective foodgrain storage capacity was 80% in 2011/12 and 52% in 2010/11. An annual average capacity utilization of 80% should be considered as full capacity utilization given the seasonality of procurement and the impossibility of using 100% of the capacity for more than short periods in the traditional storage facilities. On the contrary in 2011/12, the Government maximized procurement (978,000 MT) as a way to sustain farmers’ incomes and profitability of rice production in a situation of declining market price that resulted in estimated average production cost exceeding the wholesale market price189. In this year, the available storage capacity limited the possibility of procuring larger quantities. Domestic procurement of foodgrains Boro accounts for the overwhelming share of total foodgrain procurement. The government announces the procurement price and procurement target ahead of the harvest. Se ng procurement targets depends on a number of factors: domestic and international prices, cost of production, requirement for distribution and impact of the procurement operations on price expectations and marketing behavior. Actual annual domestic procurement has varied over the past years. In 2011/12, total procurement was 0.98 million metric tons (mmt) compared to 0.56 mmt in 2010/11 and 1.20 mmt in 2009/10.

Table 21 shows a short historical profile of domestic procurement price, wholesale price and cost of production of aman and boro rice. The lowest domestic procurement in 2010/11 (0.56 mmt, see Table 20) coincides with higher wholesale prices of both aman and boro rice during the year (Table 21). As farmers were already obtaining remunerative prices from the market, the Government procured less rice during boro and did not procure during the aman harvest of 2010/11 so as to prevent further rise in price that would have impacted on consumers’ welfare. Adequate supply for public food operations was guaranteed through public imports190. Although boro procurement target was relatively higher, the Government

___________________________________________________________________________ 189 Recent experience corroborates this fact as the government had to slow down boro rice procurement in 2012 due to shortage of storage facilities in the country. 190 Total food grain import in 2010/11 was 5.38 mmt of which 1.60 mmt was rice. Of the total rice import, 1.30 mmt was imported by the Government alone to compensate for the lesser domestic procurement.

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eventually procured less boro for the same reason, and consequently the achievement of boro procurement target was quite low in 2010/11 compared to the other recent past years (Table 21).

Table 21: Procurement and wholesale price and production cost of aman and boro (Tk/kg)

Cost/Price 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12

aman boro aman boro aman boro aman boro aman boro

Cost of production (CP) 16.73 19.98 20.75 21.17 20.71 21.65 22.41 23.06 24.75 24.27

Procurement price (PP) 20.00 28.00 26.00 22.00 22.00 22.00 na 29.00 28.00 28.00

Wholesale price (WP) 24.10 29.60 24.70 18.00 21.80 25.40 31.01 28.96 25.81 23.65

Source: MoFoodNotes: 1. Wholesale price of aman rice represents three months average price of coarse rice from November to January and that of boro represents three months average price from April to June of each fiscal year. 2. There was no procurement of aman rice in 2010-11.

Increased procurement through open tender was emphasized in the NFP PoA. In recent years, 0.347 mmt of foodgrains were procured through open tenders in 2007/08. The practice has since then not been operative over the past four years. Fluctuating public stock of foodgrains The Government makes the food distribution plan by keeping in view certain stipulated quantities to be distributed through different channels during different periods of a year. Actual procurement and distribution quite often varies substantially due to changed circumstances on the domestic and international markets. Consequently, the actual opening or closing stock may differ from the targeted stock for any month of the year. Table 20 shows that opening public foodgrain stock191 exceeded the budget target by 7% in 2011/12. Although actual distribution during 2010/11 reached the record high level of 2.29 million MT, public import alone supplied 2.28 million MT of foodgrain, which was the record public import since 1991/92. Similarly, the lowest opening stock of 47% of the budget target for 2010/11 can also be attributed to one of the highest volumes of distribution (1.96 million MT) during the preceding year 2009/10 in presence of significantly lower public import (0.55 million MT) and a domestic procurement of 0.80 million MT during the year.192 Consumer price stabilization through Open Market Sales To minimize the negative effects of price hikes since 2007/08, most South Asian countries resorted to selective trade policy measures such as abolishing import tariffs, restricting exports, and expanding public grain reserves and extending social protection measures, including introduction of new social protection programmes193.

The Government of Bangladesh adopted a variety of measures to bring about stabilizing effect on the prices of foodgrains. In the production front, the measures taken were timely delivery of crucial inputs such as seeds, fertilizers and electricity, and maintenance of subsidies on chemical fertilizers and diesel for irrigation. In the trade front, tariffs were abolished for foodgrain import and rice export was banned. Public food distribution was ___________________________________________________________________________ 191 The opening stock in a certain year is equal to the closing stock of the previous year. The latter, in turn, is determined by the balance between total distribution on the one side, and total procurement, both from domestic and internatio nal sources, during the year and the opening stock of the year, on the other side. 192 Database on monthly government stock, procurement, import and off take maintained at FPMU, Ministry of Food. 193 World Bank (2010). Food Price increases in South Asia: National Responses and Regional Dimensions. World Bank, South Asia Region. June 2010.

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expanded, more in the direction of monetized distribution at subsidized prices. Total foodgrain distribution in 2010/11 reached the record high of 2.29 million MT and has subsequently reduced (Figure 25).

OMS is a monetized distribution channel aiming to stabilize consumer prices during the lean seasons of September-November and January-April of a fiscal year through sale of foodgrains (coarse rice and wheat flour) at prices lower than the market price. The programme is generally self-targeted to the poor in the sense that the modality and quality of food reduces incentives of the wealthier segments of the population to buy it. Except for 2010/11, quantity of foodgrains distributed through OMS has not exceeded 1% of total supply in the market, implying that the impact on price is likely to be limited. However, to assess the impact of the intervention it has to be considered that it is limited to specific portion of the years and concentrated mainly in urban areas, so that it does not represent an irrelevant part of the marketed rice and can be sufficient to contain price spikes without inverting more structural market trends. In 2010/11, distribution through OMS reached a record high level of 1.2 million MT or 2.96% (Figure 25) of the total annual supply, including the distribution through the newly introduced Fair Price Card that is a way to guarantee access to OMS distribution for targeted population groups194. These initiatives are believed to have had some moderating effect on the price of rice, particularly coarse rice in the market195. Indeed during the peak registered in late 2010 and early 2011, the rice prices in Bangladesh grew at a lesser rate and started declining earlier than what was observed in the international markets. 5.3.2 Policy developments/programmes under way and need for further action

The food price crises of 2007/08 resulted in renewed attention to the need of enhancing public food operations, especially to be better prepared to face shocks arising from markets and natural events. Total budget allocation (completed, ongoing and pipeline projects) for Programme 8 increased from 261 million USD in 2010/11 to 451 million USD in 2011/12, although the total number of projects decreased from 16 to 13. By the end of 2011/12, Programme 8 accounted for 2.8% of the financed CIP budget.

All projects are under subprogramme 8.3 aiming to increase and modernize public storage and handling facilities. Two projects were completed, 5 were ongoing and 3 were in the pipeline. The completed projects are Reconstruction of Dilapidated Food Godowns and Ancillary Infrastructures, and Construction of 1.10 lakh MT Capacity Food Godowns in the Northern Region of the Country. Among the ongoing projects the important ones are Construction of 1.35 lakh MT Capacity Godowns in different parts of the country and

___________________________________________________________________________ 194 The Government introduced Fair Price Cards in February 2011. Currently, 144,548 beneficiaries (4th class employees) are ge ng 15 kg rice and 5 kg a a per month at Taka 24/kg and Taka 22/kg respectively. 195 Intensive monitoring of the OMS distribution by the Ministry of Food Officials, including the Minister for Food himself, is believed to have been instrumental in achieving the high level of distribution and thereby containing the price hike of coarse rice in the country.

Figure 25: Public foodgrain distribution

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

2007-08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12

Thou

sand

MT

TR, GR, other VGF VGDFFW FFE Ration & FM

Source: Directorate General Food

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Construction of 50,000 MT Capacity Concrete Grain Silo at Mongla Port with Ancillary Facilities. There are no completed or ongoing projects under subprogrammes 8.1 and 8.2 so far, but one programme is now included in the pipeline under each subprogramme and both of them are expected to be financed by the World Bank. With the completed, ongoing and pipeline projects, Bangladesh would be able achieve a public foodgrain storage capacity of 20.8 lakh MT within 2014/15.

The largest increase is due to the inclusion of the Bangladesh Modern Food Storage Facilities Project (BMFSP). As a result, the average project budget under Programme 8 almost doubled reaching 34.7 million USD in 2011/12. Delivery was 29 million USD in 2010/11 and 32 million USD in 2011/12 with respectively 5 and 7 projects in these two years, all under subprogramme 8.3. It is important to note that all the completed/ongoing projects were completely financed by GoB funds, with no DP spending.

On the policy front, as documented above, the Government has enhanced its flexibility in procurement management, procuring more from the domestic source in periods of lower domestic prices and more from international markets during periods of higher domestic prices. To enhance food planning, the government has commissioned and recently completed a study that provides fresh estimates of the parameters needed to refine estimates of the national food budget196. Though not all issues involved in reconciling ex-ante estimation with ex-post records of foodgrain production, consumption, trade and stocking have been completely solved, the study certainly represents a significant step forward.

Needs for further action in this field include:

Expediting construction of enhanced storage facilities: As mentioned above, effective grain storage capacity has been increased from 1.53 million tons in 2009/10 to 1.62 million tons in 2011/12 as part of the government plan to increase storage capacity up to 2.2 million tons by 2015 and 3.0 million tons by 2021. The new technologies considered under the World Bank supported initiative will increase the shelf life of the stock compared to conventional godowns, improve nutritional quality of the grains distributed, and enhance efficiency of the public food distribution system. It is important to move speedily from design to the implementation of this project.

Increasing effectiveness of domestic procurement: An important stated objective of the domestic food distribution system is to procure during main harvests to prevent seasonal price falls that hamper farmers’ incomes and incentives to produce. The government can carefully examine the procurement system and other support modalities pursued in various Asian countries to explore options for enhancing effectiveness, including an assessment of the benefits of paddy procurement from farmers. The study recently completed by BIDS (2012) for the government includes some suggestions to make domestic procurement more farmer-friendly and cost-effective. Another study on ‘Effectiveness of the procurement system and possible alternatives’, commissioned by the NFPCSP, is also ongoing and is expected to provide information on the functioning and effectiveness of the procurement

___________________________________________________________________________ 196 Bangladesh Institute of Development Study (BIDS) (2012). Estimation of Parameters Needed for Integrated and Effective PFDS Planning in Bangladesh. A study conducted for the Ministry of Food. Government of Bangladesh, Dhaka.

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systems in support of farmers and PFDS operations. Procurement rules and guidelines need to be updated to reflect the new evidence available.

Estimating private stock for effective food planning and management: Regular annual estimations of private stock are an important pre-requisite for food planning and related public interventions. The study completed by the Government through BIDS has shown that most of the rice stock is kept by farmers and most of the wheat is kept by traders. The rice stock kept by farmers varies between 16% and 43% of gross production in different months. Among private traders, the larger share of the stock is kept by millers for rice and by retailers for wheat. Estimation for 2011 revealed that 6 million tons of rice and 1 million tons of wheat remained with the private sector at the end of the year. Based on the findings, the study concluded that there was a need for rethinking the public foodgrain procurement policy, which is currently procuring from millers and large traders. It claimed that market interventions can be more effective if conducted at growers’ level. However, it is appropriate to explore both feasibility of such a proposal, including the extent of procurement issues and modalities, given the large numbers of small and marginal farmers.

Introducing country-wide computerized food stock monitoring: Public food stock monitoring is still done in traditional methods, using mainly fax and telephonic information transfer. This system leaves scope for errors which at times can give wrong signals for public interventions, particularly in periods of disasters and emergencies. Computerized on-line stock monitoring can help expedite decision making in food management. The government has recently piloted computerized stock monitoring in Tangail district through one ADB supported project. The use of modern information and communication technologies needs to be introduced throughout the country exploiting the experience gained through the piloting.

Developing an effective early warning food information system: For effective food planning, early warning information about production, stock and price formation at national and international levels are the essential prerequisites. Attempts to build an effective early warning food information system have so far been sporadic197. Design and implementation of an early warning system for forecasting demand, supply and price of food commodities is considered under the already mentioned “Bangladesh Modern Food Storage Facilities” project. The establishment of an effective early warning system needs to be expedited, giving due consideration to its integration with global early warning systems such as Global Information and Early Warning System (GIEWS) and Famine Early Warning System (FEWS).

5.4. Programme 9: Institutional development and capacity development for more effective safety nets

Programme 9 aims to improve the effectiveness and targeting of social safety nets by investing in institutional and capacity development. The program is articulated in two subprogrammes: 1) to strengthen institutional capacities to effectively operate social safety

___________________________________________________________________________ 197 Some early warning exercises with respect to crop production were done through the Early Warning and Food Information System (EWFIS) project, executed by the Ministry of Food during the period 2000-2002.

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Figure 26: Safety nets relative to total and social protection spending

0

20

40

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100

Revised 2008-09

Revised 2009-10

Revised 2010-11

Revised 2011-12

Budget 2012-13

Perc

ent

Safety nets as % of total government budgetSafety nets as % social protection budget

Source: Ministry of Finance

nets programs and to formulate a new integrated strategy; 2) invest in income and employment generation through social safety nets. Programme 9 in the CIP corresponds to two AoIs in the PoA: improvements in coverage and effectiveness of emergency food distribution from public stocks (PoA AoI 2.2) and improvements in targeting, leakage, coverage and adequacy of food-based safety-net programmes (PoA AoI 2.4).

5.4.1 Progress towards achievements

Table 22: Progress towards achievement of CIP Programme 9

CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators 2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Source

Budgeted coverage of VGF and VGD, million cards

VGF (lakh person) na 366.67 122.22 88.00

(Revised) National Budget, MoF

VGD (lakh person month) na 88.33 88.33 88.33

Safety net programmes expenditure as % of GDP198

na 1.95% 2.12% 1.88% Finance Division,

MoF Budgeted coverage of employment generation program for the poor (in million person month)

na 4.9 4.2 2.0 National Budget

Quantity of VGF and GR distributed (in MT) 225,755 285,384 147,853 209,367 MIS,M, DG Food

Shrinking safety nets Social safety net spending has shrunk as a share of GDP, total Government spending and total social protection spending. Following year-on-year increases of 18%, 25% and 2% since 2008/09, safety net spending reached 172 billion taka in 2011/12. However, it is budgeted to fall to 169 billion taka in 2012/13 – and as these are in nominal taka, the real decline will be even larger after inflation is accounted for (Table 22). As a percentage of GDP, spending on social safety nets increased to 2.12% in 2010/11 but decreased to 1.88% in 2011/12 – and is projected to fall further to 1.63% in 2012/13. Figure 26 shows that social safety nets as a percentage of total government spending decreased from 12.9% in 2010/11 to 10.7% in 2011/12 – and is budgeted to decrease further to 8.8% in 2012/13. Social safety net spending and social empowerment spending together make up the Government’s social protection spending – and on this, the figure shows that safety nets had a shrinking share from 80% in 2010/11 to 78% in 2011/12, and is budgeted to fall to 74% in 2012/13. This is an important re-structuring of the social protection budget because

___________________________________________________________________________ 198The definition of safety net used here includes cash and non-cash transfers and food-for-work – and it corresponds to the definition used in budgetary reports by the MoF called “Social Protection”.

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while 4.05 taka was spent on safety nets per taka spent in social empowerment in 2010/11, this fell to 3.64 taka in 2011/12 – and is budgeted to fall to 2.91 taka. This restructuring is taking place while the National Social Protection Strategy, intended as the vehicle to rationalise programmes, is still under formulation. Decreased VGF coverage and steady VGD coverage The budgeted coverage of VGF decreased from 367 lakh persons in 2009/10 to 88 lakh persons in 2011/12, reflecting that recent years were without major natural disasters or price hikes. Budgeted VGD coverage was steady for the last four monitored years at 88 lakh person months. The quantity of food distributed under VGF and GR increased from 148 MT in 2010/11 to 209 MT in 2011/12, both allocations being far less than those in 2008/09 and 2009/10, the years coinciding with domestic and international price crises. Decreased coverage of Employment Generation Programme (EGP) The Employment Generation Programme (EGP) is a cash-for-work program originally piloted to enhance poor people’s capacity to cope with the food price crises. EGP has been scaled back significantly from a nationwide programme in 2008/09 with an allocated budget of 20 billion taka. EGP now operates in selected locations only, with allocated budgets of 10 billion taka in each of 2010/11 and 2011/12, and based on evidence on the difficulties of providing 100 days of work during the lean season without adversely affecting the labour market, the number of days of work was reduced to 80 person days per year taka. Budgeted coverage of EGP decreased further to 2.0 million person months in 2011/12, which is 22% of its coverage in 2008/09. Given the proven effectiveness of the programme in achieving both protection and promotion objectives increasing allocation and expanded geographical coverage of the programme needs to be considered .199 Inadequacy of social safety net benefits Using HIES 2010 data, 24.6% of households received safety net benefits, of whom 60% received 100 taka or less per month; 33% received between 100 taka and 300 taka, and 4% received between 301 taka and 500 taka200. If the benefit is deducted from the income of beneficiary households, the poverty rate would increase by only 2.1 percentage points using the UPL and 2.6 percentage points using the LPL. Varied inclusion and exclusion errors across safety net programmes Figure 27 shows that 9.9% are poor beneficiary households and 56.6% are non-poor non-beneficiary households – and these are well targeted groups. However, 14.5% are non-poor beneficiary households and 19.0% are poor non-beneficiary households – and these are mistargeted households, indicating respectively inclusion and exclusion errors201.

___________________________________________________________________________ 199During its implementation in 2008/09, the EGP contributed to creation of a good number of community assets such as compost heap and levelling of school grounds. 200 Analysis of HIES 2010 data by Barkat et. al. (2013) op. cit. 201 Barkat et. al. (2013) op.cit.

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Figure 27: SSNP inclusion and exclusion errors

Source: Barkat et. al. (2013) using HIES 2010 data Note: poverty is defined as below the UPL

Inclusion error is highest in the secondary and higher secondary school stipend programme (59%), followed by the Allowance for Financially Insolvent Disabled (43%) and the Old Age Allowance (31%). Inclusion error is lowest in the EGP for Hardcore Poor (7%), followed by Gratuitous Relief (13%) and Vulnerable Group Development (15%). While 89% of focus group respondents believed the poor were receiving SSNP benefit, most respondents believed that the ‘poorest of the poor’ did not receive any benefit202. 5.4.2 Policy developments/programmes underway and needs for further action Programme 9 constitutes 16.6% of the financed CIP budget. Subprogramme 9.2 has the bulk of this investment of 1,028.7 million USD, compared to subprogramme 9.1, with total value of just 5.3 million USD. Over a three year period, the overall financed budget of programme 9 increased from 615 million USD in 2009/10 to 816 million USD in 2010/11 to 1,034 million USD in 2010/12. In total, programme 9 has 22 ongoing projects (1 in subprogramme 9.1 and 21 in subprogramme 9.2) with a total value of 969.7 million USD and 7 completed projects in Programme 9.2 as of June 2012, with a total value of 64.2 million USD.

Four projects moved from the pipeline to ongoing in the fiscal year 2011/12- these include the Chars Development and Settlement Project 4 implemented by the DAE (675 lakh taka) and LGED (23361 lakh taka), Food and Livelihood Security (FLS) implemented by DWA (22333 lakh taka), the Operation Support to the Employment Generation Programme for the Poorest (EGPP) implemented by MoDMR (3660 lakh taka) and the Create Employment Opportunities of Char Dwellers in Greater Rangpur District through Sugarcane Cultivation implemented by BSRI (821 lakh taka). There are 10 pipeline projects, with a total value of 237.7 million USD. Total delivery in the financial year 2011/12 was 252.2 million USD, compared to 141.2 million USD in 2010/11, which demonstrates a significant capacity to scale up delivery of safety net programmes. Delivery of funds financed by development partners was higher in 2010/11 (83.8 million USD) and 2011/12 (134.4 million USD) compared to the GoB spending of 57.4 million USD and 117.7 million USD respectively in the two fiscal years.

In 2011/12 the Government introduced 12 new development programmes with total allocation of 246 crore taka. Programmes with notable allocations are Maternal, Child, Reproductive and Adolescent Health (118 crore taka), Community Based Health Care (118

___________________________________________________________________________ 202 Barkat et. al. (2013) op. cit.

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crore taka), Community Based Health Care (36 crore taka) and Food and Livelihood Security programme (47 crore taka).

National Social Protection Strategy In line with the objective stated in the SFYP, an Action Plan for the Formulation of a National Social Protection Strategy has been drafted, led by the General Economics Division with an inter-ministerial committee established by the Cabinet Division, and supported by UNDP, WFP, AusAID and DFID. The strategy will address both protection and promotional aspects of safety nets, streamlining of programmes, and design and coordination with emphasis on coverage and sustainability. UNDP has delivered training of government officials, and will assist in drafting the strategy, holding consultations and providing background research. DFID and AusAID will support activities to strengthen the national social protection system through improved coordination. The Social Protection Policy and Reform (SPPR) programme will strengthen the capacity to deliver social protection programmes by core ministries, engage in the policy and budgeting process, update the evidence-base, and develop plans to strengthen priority social protection schemes. Integration of social protection with nutrition programmes can enhance human capital and productivity and break the intergenerational transmission of poverty203. For example, growth monitoring and expanding school feeding programmes for adolescent girls can reduce undernutrition.

Social protection to cover health care The Government of Bangladesh has taken a new initiative on expanding social protection for health through the newly formulated Health Care Financing Strategy (HCFS) 2012-2032. The strategy is aligned with the vision of the Health, Population and Nutrition Sector Development Program (HPNSDP) 2011-16. The goal of the national health financing strategy is to strengthen financial protection and extend health services to the poor and vulnerable segment of the population, with the long term aim to achieve universal coverage. The proposed 20 year health financing strategy devises ways to combine funds from tax-based budgets with proposed social health protection schemes, existing community based and other payment schemes and donor funding to ensure financial protection against health expenditure for all segments of the population, starting with the poorest. The strategy will be implemented in three phases – short, medium and long term. The short term one will be up to the end of HPNSDP. The medium term will be up to 2021 when the activities launchedduring the preceding phase will be appropriately scaled up. In the long term, covering the next 11 years, Bangladesh will move ahead to achieving universal health coverage through implementation of the strategic interventions proposed in the three phases. The HCFS is claimed to be comprehensive in its inclusion of a logical framework and a set of indicators. This framework will make it easy for all stakeholders to assess the ongoing and proposed interventions in the light of the defined objectives and strategies.204

Integrated system of safety-net administration The Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief (MoDMR), with funding from the World Bank, will implement a project called “Bangladesh Safety Net Systems for the Poorest Project”. The broad objective of the proposed project is to assist the MoDMR in developing

___________________________________________________________________________ 203 The World Bank (2013). Improving Nutrition through Multisectoral Approaches. Available online at http://pascal.iseg.utl.pt/~cesa/files/Comunicacoes/sonialima1.pdf. 204 Expanding Social Protection for Health: Towards Universal Coverage. Health Care Financing Strategy 2012-2032, Health Economics Unit. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Bangladesh, September 2012.

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an integrated system of safety nets administration that focuses on improved targeting, and efficient and transparent implementation. Investing in these systems for implementing large safety nets would help to increase coverage of the poor in the short term and help GoB improve the quality of a large amount of public expenditure earmarked for social protection in the medium term. The MoDMR and the Statistics and Informatics Division (through BBS) will jointly implement the proposed project. Five of the largest SSN programs are implemented by the MoDMR, around a third of the total social protection budget, including the EGPP, FFW, TR, GR and VGF, and together these programs received an allocation of 678 million USD in 2012/13 .205

Needs for further action in this area include:

Simplifying targeting criteria: Existing targeting criteria are several, overlapping and sometimes impractical. Complex targeting criteria, based on household and geographical characteristics, have a greater chance of including the non-poor rather than the poor. When participants are selected by community members or village leaders on these criteria, some households are incorrectly classified and excluded. There has been increased interest in the possibility of using biometric technology, such as fingerprint or iris scans, to provide authentication and identification. Biometric technology can assist in including marginalised groups in entitlement programmes but it can also increase the risk of exclusion206. Although this technology can assist in organising the sector- by providing a profile of beneficiaries in terms of numbers, demographic information of beneficiaries, etc for the technology to be effectively used, it has to be part of wider policy reform.

Reducing leakages through innovations and lessons learned from well performing programmes: The administration of food based programmes is difficult and costly, and a movement towards cash based transfers would improve program efficiency. Leakage increases with the number of intermediaries involved. A cash versus food transfer study is currently being finalized by the World Food Programme and is expected to be released in 2013. In the case of the VGD and VGF, local government officials are responsible for collecting grains from the local depot and making deliveries to beneficiaries. The cost of collecting and distributing food is not fully paid by the programme which means that further leakage occurs as costs are deducted from the transfer. In the case of public works, part of the benefit is used often for non-wage costs associated with small infrastructure project implementation. One of the innovations brought about by the EGPP was the introduction of allocating non-wage costs to minimize the leakage in program allocations. The EGPP has strict eligibility criteria relative to the other programs and uses a direct bank-transfer payment system. The EGPP has an estimated leakage of less than 5% of total allocation because it has few intermediaries, or at least none that are able to intervene in the cash transfer process until it reaches the beneficiaries’ accounts207. However, informal fee charges are deducted by individuals collecting the money on behalf of the beneficiary for travel expenses208.

___________________________________________________________________________ 205 World Bank (2013). Project Information Document on the Bangladesh Safety Net Systems for the Poorest Project (P132634) 206 Gelb and Clark (2013). Identification for Development: The Biometrics Revolution. CGD Working Paper 315. Washington, DC. 207 World Bank (2013) Op. cit 208 Rahman and Choudhury (2012). Op. cit.

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Finalizing the National Social Protection Strategy: The National Social Protection Strategy has not yet been finalized and adopted. Finalization of the strategy will be crucial for guiding and coordinating efforts to raise the effectiveness of the social protection system in the country, minimizing overlapping between programmes and establishing common priorities to convey a vision for Bangladesh’s social protection for the future. The PPRC, with support from UNDP, has completed a comprehensive study on social safety nets in Bangladesh: Volume 1 covering A Review of Issues and Analytical Inventory of Programmes and Volume 2 focusing on Ground Realities and Policy Challenges. Three related studies are about to be completed under the NFPCSP to provide a better understanding of (i) Targeting Effectiveness of Social Safety Nets, (ii) Social Safety Nets and Productive Outcomes, and (iii) Role of Social Safety Nets in Climate Change Adaptation. Results of these studies are expected to provide background information for the formulation of National Social Protection Strategy. In addition, a minimum of six papers (of which one is expected to cover nutritional aspects) will be produced by a service provider contracted by UNDP to inform policy formulation of the strategy.

Developing capacity for implementation and monitoring: Effective implementation of safety net programmes is constrained by lack of adequate and skilled manpower for administering and monitoring the programmes, both at national and grass root levels. Quite often the overall coordination activities are assigned to persons with other major responsibilities (such as the Deputy Commissioners at district level and Upazila Nirbahi Officer at Upazila level). Sometimes monitoring responsibilities are assigned to local level officers without transport facilities/allowances which result in poor monitoring of the programmes209. Recording and transmission of data with respect to implementation and monitoring is constrained by lack of equipment (such as computers) and the associated trained manpower. Provision of monitoring (particularly result monitoring) should be consistently incorporated as a built-in element in the design of the safety net programmes.

Adjusting safety net interventions to enhance resilience to climate change: Impacts of safety nets on beneficiary households’ consumption and human development outcome are evident210. Evidence on economic impacts of safety net is however scarce. These impacts come from changes in productive and income-generating activities at the household and at the community levels. At the household level, the main variables of interest include labor allocation, investment in income generating activities and risk management abilities. At the community level, the main variables of interest are building of local infrastructure, stimulation of local goods and some multiplier effects. In the contemporary environment, these variables are closely related to resilience to climate change. Greater provisions are needed for creating employment opportunities in local infrastructure improvements, including repair and maintenance of transport and irrigation infrastructures, river bank protection works and social forestry activities.

Enhancing safety nets operations during lean seasons: Six social safety net programmes address seasonal food and livelihood distress (VGF, FFW, Test Relief,

___________________________________________________________________________ 209 This situation was observed by the NFPCSP Team during evaluation of the 100 day Employment Generation Programme in selected locations in 2008. 210 Hulme, D. and K. Moore (2010). Assisting the poorest in Bangladesh: Learning from BRAC’s “Targeting the ultra-poor programme".

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Gratuitous Relief, RERMP, and the EGRP). Apart from the VGF and Gratuitous Relief, that provides foodgrain with no work requirement, the other four seasonal safety nets require physical work in activities such as infrastructure repair and road maintenance. The timing of the four labour-related seasonal safety nets is crucial especially if the objectives of the programme are to mitigate seasonal hunger. In this case, labour- based safety net programmes have a reduced impact as they are not implemented during the peak of the lean season which also happens to partly coincide with the rainy season. Most labour-related social safety net programmes are thus implemented in the dry season, which is just after the harvesting of the aman crop. This issue calls for designing innovative safety net programmes to address the naturally unfavourable lean periods.211

Integrating graduation strategies into safety net programmes: Income Generating Vulnerable Group Development, Food Security Vulnerable Group Development, REOPA and CFPR/TUP have embraced graduation in their design and reach to suatainably increase household income, skills and human capital thereby promoting long term welfare and poverty reduction212. For example, REOPA beneficiaries have demonstrated significant nutrition outcomes. 81% of REOPA women who graduated from the programme and live off earnings from their own micro-enterprises were found to have acceptable food security levels with a balanced diet, acceptable calorie and protein intakes, and sufficient micro-nutrients, as compared to 87%of women still within the programme213.

Maximizing benefits of migration: Seasonal migration and migration during shocks helps protect against transitory hunger. Access to employment opportunities during the lean season can alleviate food insecurity in other seasons as well, as demonstrated in the period immediately following the monga when migrants return home with their savings. For households who are not open to migration, the provision of microcredit programmes provides a means of reducing the risk associated with the monga season. Therefore, safety nets programmes need to be designed to include mechanisms of resource provision to migrant households to facilitating migration and microcredit schemes to vulnerable households who no longer have the capability to engage in seasonal migration.

___________________________________________________________________________ 211 Khandker, S R and Mahmud, W (2012) op.cit. 212 World Bank (undated). Available online at http://siteresources.worldbank.org/SAFETYNETSANDTRANSFERS/Resources/281945-1291746977764/7-graduation.pdf. ; Rahman, H.Z. and Chowdhury, L.A. (2011). Social Safety Nets in Bangladesh: Ground Realities and Policy Challenges. PPRC-UNDP, Dhaka. 213 UNDP Capacity Strengthening Team (2011). Food Security of REOPA Women: Report on findings from a survey using the WFP Food Consumption Score.

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6. Utilization: progress towards CIP and NFP PoA outputs

This chapter deals with improving food utilization for better food and nutrition security, the third pillar of National Food Policy, its Plan of Action, and the CIP programmes 10, 11 and 12. An update is provided on community based nutrition programmes and services; food security and nutrition information and data; and food safety, quality and control including consumer protection and public health. The three programmes are in alignment with the eight areas of intervention under the third objective of the NFP PoA (see Annex 1).

6.1. Programme 10: Community based nutrition programmes and services

Programme 10 is concerned with community based nutrition programmes that are linked to and supported by government services, delivered primarily through the NNS. The aim is to implement a comprehensive package of direct nutrition services, along with strengthened coordination of sectors engaged in nutrition. Mainstreaming nutrition into health and other related sectors to deliver a package of low-cost interventions will lead to major gains in nutritional status214. This programme corresponds to the NFP PoA AoIs 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.7 and 3.8 on promoting balanced and nutritious food for vulnerable people; food based programmes and growth monitoring of children; nutrition education on dietary diversification; food supplementation and fortification; women and children’s health; and protection and promotion of breastfeeding and appropriate complementary feeding.

6.1.1. Progress towards achievements

Table 23: Progress towards achievement of CIP programme 10

CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators 2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Source

Proportion of infants under six months exclusively breastfed

42.9% na na 64.1% BDHS

Poor households raising home gardening and backyard poultry

na na na 42% FSNSP

Share of total dietary energy supply for consumption from:

Cereal 78.6% (2005)

79.3% (2007)

79.0% (2008)

78.3% (2009) FAO, Selected

Indicators of Food and

Agricultural Development

in the Asia-Pacific Region

Sugar and sweeteners 4.1% (2005) 3.5% (2007) 3.4% (2008) 3.3% (2009) Oil and oil crops 6.5% (2005) 5.6% (2007) 5.7% (2008) 5.8% (2009)

Roots and tubers 2.5% (2005) 2.5% (2007) 3.3% (2008) 2.5% (2009) Pulses 1.7% (2005) 2%(2007) 1.1% (2008) 2.6% (2009)

Fruits and vegetables 1.6% (2005) 2%(2007) 2.2% (2008) 2.2% (2009) Meat, fish, eggs and milk 3.3% (2005) 3.4% (2007) 3.5% (2008) 3.6% (2009)

Others* 1.7% (2005) 1.7% (2007) 1.8% (2008) 1.7% (2009) Prevalence of global acute malnutrition (GAM) among children < 5 years < -2SD

17.4% na na 15.6% BDHS

Prevalence of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) among children < 5 years < -3SD

2.9% na na 4.0% BDHS

Proportion of women ANC coverage of at least 4 visits

22.0% na na 25.5% BDHS

*Others - Includes stimulants, spices, alcoholic beverages, offal, animal fats, aquatic products and miscellaneous.

___________________________________________________________________________ 214 Committee on World Food Security (2012). Nurturing the Movement for Scaling Up Nutrition: A Proposition.

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Exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months of life is increasing Mothers should breastfeed exclusively on demand until six months, and thereafter appropriate complementary and solid foods should be introduced alongside continued breastfeeding until at least two years of age, as per WHO recommendations. Exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months remarkably increased from 43% in 2007 to 64 % in 2011, largely helped by intensive media campaigns, maternal and child health programmes and continuous encouragement by the Honourable Prime Minister on the World Breastfeeding Weeks of 2009, 2010 and 2011. Bangladesh has adopted paid maternity leave for 6 months, part time work arrangements, facilities for expressing and storing breast milk and breastfeeding breaks. Breastfeeding rates are much better in Bangladesh than in neighbouring countries (Figure 28).

However, FSNSP 2010 and 2011 have lower estimates215 of exclusive breastfeeding at around 51%, while the 2012-NHDSDBD preliminary report shows that recent progress has been static at 63.4%. Given the strong causal links between exclusive breastfeeding, reduced risk of infections and infant morbidity and mortality, further raising exclusive breastfeeding rates remains crucial. Indeed, amongst infants aged 1-11 months, nearly 13% died because of diarrhoea and malnutrition – and 1% of all children born in Bangladesh died between 1-11 months216. Integrated home gardening, and farming systems for nutrition Integrated home gardens fall within the national concept of “Ekti Bari, Ekti Khamar” (“One household, One farm”). In rural areas, 75% of households reportedly have a home garden217. A range of 25 fruit crops,

___________________________________________________________________________ 215 State of Food Security and Nutrition in Bangladesh 2010, 2011, JPG School of Public Health, HKI and BBS. 216 BDHS (2011). ibid. 217 Khan KU (2011). Homestead gardening in Bangladesh: enhancing the nutritional and economic status of the rural population, Khulna University, Khula, Bangladesh.

Figure 28: Six months exclusive breastfeeding

46.853

75.8

58.5

50.5

37

54.3

64.1

0

20

40

60

80

Pe

rce

nt

Source: World Breastfeeding Trend Initiative (2012)

Box 3: Linking home gardens, climate change and extension A tenth of the gardens surveyed in Shyamnagar Union in Sathkira district were destroyed completely by soil salinity; 38% showed high levels of soil salinity; and 34% moderate soil salinity. Better off households had adopted salinity coping practices and knowledge. Around 50% of households implemented coping practices, such as organic compost and planting in pits leached with water. Mulching with rice straw, coconut coir and other locally available organic materials were used to increase water retention of the soil and develop compost. Greater resilience to salinity was found among vegetable crops -including Indian spinach (pui shak), sweet gourd, okra and kang kong (kolmi shak)- which are good sources of micronutrients. Kang kong is one of the most saline resistant crop but is relatively new to Southern Bangladesh. Such practices can be integrated into agriculture extension to promote integrated home gardening, particularly in climate affected areas. Source: HKI/WFP/Kraft Foods (2012) Helping homestead gardeners mitigate the impact of soil salinity, Bulletin # 8.

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29 vegetables, and 12 spices can be cultivated, even in small home gardens of less than 50 square-metres. Usually controlled by women, income from home gardens is more likely to directly benefit women and children through education, health care and other spending. In 2011/12, FSNSP estimates show that 42% of households have both homestead gardens and backyard poultry, 14% have only homestead gardens, 20% have only backyard poultry, and 24% have neither. The same source also estimates that homestead gardening with backyard poultry decreased from 41% in February-May of 2010-11 to 35% in February-May of 2011-12. Home gardening needs enhanced resilience to land degradation, water scarcity, bio-security (especially avian flu), and climate change, particularly in high risk areas, such as in the Southern region (see Box 3). Dietary energy supply is not diversifying Dietary energy supply (DES) measures food availability for consumption from production and trade. It is closely correlated to household consumption. Cereals make up too high a share of dietary energy supply and no significant improvement was recorded since the adoption of the PoA. Since 1998, the share barely moved and four-fifths of available calories are still provided by cereals (Figure 29) against a recommended norm of 60%218. DES Cer% is significantly correlated with population undernourishment, child stunting and child underweight219. High DES from cereals imbalances the diet, resulting

in poor protein quality and insufficient micronutrients. Dietary supply of micronutrient rich foods like fruits, vegetables and animal foods is far from adequate. Dietary diversity is improving as poverty reduces Over the last 20 years, the share of cereal on daily energy intakes decreased from over 80% to 70%, compared to a desirable maximum of 60%. The decline shows acceleration over the last decade among urban populations (Figure 30).

___________________________________________________________________________ 218 FAO RAP (2007). Selected Indicators of Food and Agricultural Development in the Asia-Pacific Region 1996-2006. FAO, Bangkok, Thailand. 219 Yusuf HKM, Bhattacharjee L, Nandi BK (2008). Trend and pattern of dietary energy supply and nutrition status in South Asia countries 1995 -2005, South Asian Journal of Public Health 1: 1-12; Arimond M and MT Ruel ( 2004) .Dietary diversity is associated with child nutrition status :evidence from 11 demographic and health surveys, Journal of Nutrition, 134 (10).

Figure 29: Dietary energy supply by food groups (%)

0 20 40 60 80 100

199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009

Cereals Sugar and sweetnersVegetable oils and oil crops Starchy rootsPulses Vegetables and fruitsMeat, Eggs, Milk and Fish Other

Source: Adapted from FBS, FAO RAP (2012)

Figure 30: Trends in cereal consumption

55

60

65

70

75

80

85

1991-92 1995-96 2000 2005 2010

Die

tary

en

erg

y in

take

fro

m

cere

als

(% o

f to

tal)

National Rural Urban Desirable maximum Source: BBS; HIES various years

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Average per capita consumption of all food groups, except cereals, increased between 1995 and 2010 (Table 24). Importantly, the accelerated decline of rice was partly compensated by other cereals (especially wheat) so that the overall decline in cereal consumption slowed down -4% to -1%. Intakes of animal foods, vegetables and fruits declined from 1995 to 2000, but increased thereafter, signalling a significant improvement in dietary diversification between 2000 and 2010. The sustained reduction of poverty has certainly contributed to this result, and also the slower progress in diversification in rural areas can be related to the slower progress in poverty reduction (see Section 3.3 above, and Monitoring Report 2012, p 22).

The proportion of children aged 6-23 months in the poorest 20% of households by wealth, which consumed foods rich in vitamin A 24 hours prior to survey, was just 53% - and foods rich in iron just 41%. These figures rise in the richest 20% of households to 70% and 61%, confirming that wealth is clearly a driver of diversification though dietary practices are critical .220

Increased intakes of sugar and edible oils contribute to improving the energy gap for those in deficit, but intakes should be moderate in order to prevent and control associated health concerns. The rapid increases observed since 1995 warrant attention in terms of understanding the type of foods (e.g. sugary, fried, high energy, nutrient poor) and population groups involved. Nearly a quarter of men age 35 years and older in the richest 20% of the population are overweight and obese, compared to 1% in the poorest quintile; and notably even amongst the poorest women ever married of age 15-49, a sizeable 5% are overweight or obese. Table 24: Trends in food intake (grams/capita/day and year-on-year % change)

Food group 1995 2000 2005 2010 Desirable % of dietary

energy intake 1995-2000, % change

2000-2005, % change

2005-2010, % change

Cereals 509 487 469 464 400 56 -4% -4% -1% - of which rice 464 459 440 416 350 49 -1% -4% -5%Fruits and vegetables

180 169 190 211 400 7 -6% 12% 11%

Potatoes 49 55 63 70 100 4 12% 15% 11%Legumes 14 16 14 14 35 6.5 14% -13% 0%Animal foods including milk

91 87 95 109 260 10.5 -4% 9% 15%

Fats and oils 10 13 17 21 30 11 30% 31% 24%Sugar 9 7 8 8 20 3 -22% 14% 0%Spices 37 50 53 66 20 2 35% 6% 25%

Source: Adapted from HIES 1995 -2010 and Desirable Dietary Pattern, BIRDEM 2013

Decline in global acute malnutrition (GAM - global wasting) According to the BDHS, GAM decreased by almost 2 percentage points in 4 years down to 15.6% of under-5 children in 2011. FSNSP reports a lower estimate of 12% for the same year (FSNSP 2011)221. Wasting is related to macro and micro nutrient intakes. The latter also play a catalytic role in food utilisation and in supporting immune competence for which dietary ___________________________________________________________________________ 220 BDHS (2011). op. cit. 221 Timing of surveys could explain some, though possibly not all, of the difference in estimates because, in contrast to stunting and underweight, wasting is more sensitive to short-run changes in food intakes, feeding practices, hygiene, sanitation and morbidity. BDHS was conducted in the latter half of 2011, including the longer lean season, whilst FSNSP was conducted in three surveys throughout the year.

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diversity is the key. According to BDHS (2011), this complexity might help explain why the socioeconomic gradient in inequalities in GAM is not sharper – 12.1% of children in the richest wealth quintile of households are wasted, compared to 17.7% in the middle quintile and 17.5% in poorest quintile; or 11.1% of children with mothers with secondary or higher education are wasted, compared to 17.7% with no education at all. Rising severe acute malnutrition (SAM - severe wasting) Whilst global acute malnutrition slightly decreased, severe acute malnutrition increased by a third reaching 4% in 2011. Any increase in SAM is of great concern because it closely linked to child survival. At present, treatment for SAM is primarily in-patient, making it difficult for poor rural households to obtain the health care needed for their children.

The NNS provides screening for acute malnutrition (using MUAC, W/H growth monitoring) along with nutrition advice and referrals to appropriate health facilities. SAM units including training in medical college and district hospitals, UHC, Maternal and Child Welfare Center, and other medical health facilities are being established. Community management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) guidelines and training modules, weighing scales have been supplied to the community clinics under the NNS. The effectiveness and feasibility of SAM treatment as part of the community case management (CCM) is summarized in Box 4. Improving antenatal care (ANC) coverage Utilization of pregnancy related health services remains generally low, but some improvement is registered in women’s ANC coverage access. It is noteworthy, that the percentage of women who had no ANC visit declined from 44% in 2004 to 32% in 2011 and at the same time the percentage of women who had at least 4 or more ANC visits increased from 16% in 2004 to 26% in 2011222. Greater proportions (45%) of urban women tend to access ANC services compared to rural women (20%). Antenatal care visits have been associated with increased facility-based delivery in public hospitals and health facilities223. The success relies on delivery of an integrated package of basic services, which need to be strengthened. To be most effective, there should be regular ANC throughout pregnancy so as to ensure favourable birth outcomes and facility delivery care to maximize health benefits to mothers and new-borns.

___________________________________________________________________________ 222 BDHS 2011 op.cit. 223 Jesmin Pervin et. al. (2012). Association of antenatal care with facility delivery and peri-natal survival – a population-based study in Bangladesh, BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 12:111.

Box 4: Community management of SAM in Bhola When SAM is diagnosed and treated by community health workers (CHW) at the community level, more malnourished children can access care and they are more likely to recover. In Lalmohan of Bhola district, most children referred for facility-based care were appropriately attended to and went home before completing treatment. In Borhanuddin of Bhola district, out of 724 children with SAM treated by CHWs, 92% recovered, 7.5% did not attend the treatment and only 0.1% (1 child) died. At 89% by April 2010, coverage was one of the highest ever recorded for CMAM programmes. All outcomes recorded in Borhanuddin were significantly better than those commonly seen in traditional facility-based care centres. Source: Sadler K. et al. (2011). Community Cas e Ma nagement of SA M i n S out her n Ba nglades h, Tu s University, SC US, IPHN, Sher-E-Bangla Medical College & Hospital, and DGHS, Bangladesh

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6.1.2 Policy developments/programmes underway and needs for further action

Nutrition programmes provided through the government service delivery infrastructure should be appropriately linked to community-based mechanisms224. NNS operates countrywide through 12,568 community clinics established in the existing DGHS and DGFP delivery systems. As reported in Section 3.4 of this report, progress is noted in NNS activities covered under the AoI 3.2, 3.3. 3.4 in the NFP PoA and CIP Programme 10. NNS recently implemented the National Vitamin A Plus campaign targeting children 12-59 months.

Programme 10 of the CIP accounts for 363 million USD in 2011-12 (3.7% of the total CIP budget), of which 311 million USD are already financed. It includes 3 subprogrammes with 23 ongoing projects and 6 in the pipeline. Most of the ongoing projects are components of NNS and cover community based nutrition activities. The budget increased by 11% from 327 million USD in 2010/11 to 363 million USD in 2011/12. All 12 pipeline projects of 2010/11 moved to ongoing in 2011/12, and 6 new projects were added to the pipeline. By 30 June 2012, 3 projects were completed costing 24.4 million USD. The average budget for individual projects decreased from 29.5 million USD in 2009/10 to 12.6 million USD in 2010/11 and to 11.4 million USD in 2011/12.

Subprogramme 10.2 to support homestead gardening, small livestock rearing, aquaculture and awareness creation is under-funded with only one completed project and none ongoing. This is attributable partly to the fact that homestead gardening is o en covered as a component under agriculture or livelihood projects. The lack of funding is equally noticeable for subprogramme 10.3, on the treatment of acute malnutrition through therapeutic and supplementary feeding, with only one project ongoing and no provision for other initiatives in the pipeline reflecting the fact that treatment of acute malnutrition through therapeutic feeding is seen as efficacious but not effective. Efforts are ongoing to explore if community-based therapeutic care costs can be reduced through production of local foods to be provided in the community with one-to-one counselling of the mother for home feeding and follow up to prevent relapse. Feasibility studies and piloting of low-cost product development are underway by the Government and research institutions.

Total delivery of programme 10 was 62.4% in 2011/12 compared to 37.6% in 2010/11. This is attributed to the delayed start of the NNS, deployment of staff, programme orientation and other start-up arrangements.

Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) Since 2010, Bangladesh joined 27 other countries in the SUN Movement to scale up nutrition interventions with a focus on the first 1000 days of life, in partnership with donors, UN, NGOs and the private sector. This includes the design of comprehensive and costed strategies and action plans for food, agriculture and nutrition as well as institutional developments. The Bangladesh SUN Framework for Action is in alignment with the NNS and CIP. With a focal point in the MoHFW and two civil society alliances supporting the SUN movement, Bangladesh is an exemplary case, with the highest level of support evident with Her Excellency the Prime Minister and also the Founder of BRAC being represented on the Global SUN movement. ___________________________________________________________________________ 224 Tontisirin K and Bhattacharjee L (2008). Community based nutrition programmes, International Encyclopaedia of Public Health, Eds. Heggenhougen HK, Vol 1. San Diego: Academic Press; 2008. pp. 791-799.

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Regular SUN Movement Country Network meetings are held by teleconference every quarter to share country updates with the Global SUN Secretariat. UN REACH and development partners are working together with the relevant ministries to provide technical support and facilitate multisectoral action. A REACH focal point in the MoF supports the process for engagement of non health sectors in strengthening nutrition sensitive interventions and food and nutrition security policies within a comprehensive context. Reactivating the Office of the PM to provide supportive leadership in multisectoral coordination needs to be explored. Nutrition sensitive agriculture There is increasing attention to address under-nutrition through agriculture. Doubling per capita agricultural income is associated with approximately 15-21% decline in stunting on average and increasing small scale production of nutrient dense foods. Nutrition education enhances potential consumer demand and impacts on nutrition225. Joint government and research initiatives, notably the CGIAR research programme, LANSA, SAFANSI, MDGF Programme and SPRING are some examples of nutrition sensitive interventions (Box 5).

Improved management of wetland and seasonal floodplains can lead to increased fish production, especially nutrient rich small fish226. It is estimated that a small production of 10kg/pond/year of vitamin A rich fish mola (Ambylpharyngodon mola), in the 4 million small, seasonal ponds can meet the vitamin A annual recommended intake of over 6 million children. Low cost technologies for production, management, conservation and accessibility of nutrient rich fish must be promoted with efforts to enhance fish intake in the diets of young children.

Needs for further action in this area include:

Scaling up implementation of appropriate IYCF: Improving CF practices and dietary quality is an essential component of IYCF guidelines that need to be implemented on a nationwide basis. Locally appropriate dietary recommendations and season specific recipes using the Trial of Improved Practices (TIPS) methodology need to be popularized. As mentioned in Section 3.4.1, BBF has developed CF guidelines and recipes based on TIPS formative research and have generated appropriate nutrition

___________________________________________________________________________ 225 WB/DFID/Government of Japan and Rapid Social Response (2013). Improving nutrition through multisectoral approaches: Agriculture and Rural Development. 226 Roos N, Islam MM and Thilsted SH (2003). Small indigenous fish species in Bangladesh: contribution to vitamin A, calcium and iron intakes. Journal of Nutrition. 133:4021S -4026S.

Box 5: Farmer field schools (FFS) integrating agriculture, nutrition and hygiene through SPRING

Resource poor households with pregnant and lactating women and children under the age of two are being targeted through the FFS learning process to enhance access to diversified nutrient-rich vegetables, fish and poultry. Poultry rearing is harnessed for its important nutritional value to the household diet and its potential as an income generating activity for women. SPRING field facilitators ensure appropriate vegetable, poultry and fish production practices are adopted and link agricultural topics to household food consumption, intra-household food distribution and appropriate household dietary diversity, particularly for women and children. FFS participants are supported to breed poultry and fish and to grow up to five nutritious vegetables and fruits per planting season. FFS incorporate key messages on essential nutrition and hygiene actions into all vegetable, fish and poultry production activities. FFS are designed to respond to farmers’ needs and towards encouraging creativity and independence. Source: Agriculture and Nutrition Global Learning and Evidence Exchange Case Study (2013), SPRING/USAID Bangladesh

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messages for improving child feeding behaviour and food intake. Monitoring the BMS code is also central to scaling up IYCF activities.

Strengthening biodiversity for healthy diets and nutrition: Indigenous foods and species are important to health besides having an important role in ecologically based production systems. In poor rural households in Kishoreganj, small indigenous fish species contributed 40% and 31% of the total recommended intakes of vitamin A and calcium, respectively.227 Darkina (Esomus danricus) a common local fish has a high content of heme iron, calcium as well as zinc and these fish are eaten with bones which makes it a ‘package source’ of micronutrients. Support for increasing the production of small fish and promoting its consumption needs scaling up. Innovative farmer techniques to improve productivity, efficiency and efficacy of the food production base should be systematically investigated. Appropriate choice of species including plant and animal biodiversity to diversify the nutrition base in the garden and traditional resource use need to be strengthened for sustainable diets.

Promoting school feeding and nutrition gardens: Less than 65% of the approximately 20 million children of primary school age attend school and around 40% are hungry during their lessons. Good quality nutrition is critical for physical and intellectual development. The Ministry of Primary and Mass Education of the Government of Bangladesh is implementing a pilot programme to improve the school attendance and nutrition of children 5 to 11 years from vulnerable families in approximately 45 schools in the Dhaka and Mymensingh District. Central kitchen models are operational and are being considered for replication to other districts. Following up on previous DAE–FAO efforts, integrated initiatives on school gardening coupled with nutrition education and food supplements are being supported by a joint UN MDGF Programme in Monpura and Char Fasson Upazilas in Bhola District, and Bamna Upazila in Barguna District. Results show that nutrition knowledge among rural school students improved from 47.2% to 75%, while 120 schools established a school garden.

Ensuring implementation of the BMS228 code: As part of IYCF policy development, BBF in collaboration with IPHN and UNICEF helped to establish for monitoring system for implementation of the BMS code229. BMS manufacturers, distributors, health professionals and general public have been violating the code either due to intentional or unintentional reasons, conflict of interest and/or lack of knowledge. Mothers are influenced by doctors, relatives, and BMS product advertisements that make claims of ensuring healthy growth of babies. Strict implementation of the BMS code is mandatory in addition to enhancing public awareness and alerting marketers about the implications of the BMS code.

Revitalising the Baby Friendly Hospital (BFH) Initiative: To promote, protect and support breastfeeding is an activity being spearheaded by BBF and supported by the MoHFW. To date, 499 hospitals have been certified as ‘Baby Friendly’ and the Government has revitalized BFH activities in 63 hospitals. In 2012, BBF and IPHN conducted Training of Trainers and BFH training at 15 Medical College Hospitals and

___________________________________________________________________________ 227 Roos N, Wahab A, Hossain MAR, Thilsted SH (2007). Linking human nutrition and fisheries: incorporating micronutrient dense, small indigenous species in carp polyculture production in Bangladesh. Food and Nutrition Bulletin, 28 (2): s280 –S 293. 228 BMS code is a system of rules and regulations outlining the responsibilities in marketing breast milk substitutes (BMS) by the manufacturers and distributors of such products adopted by WHO in 1981. 229 BBF (2012). Report of the Pilot Project on BMS Code Monitoring.

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BFH training at 3 Medical College Hospitals and 21 Upazilas health complexes. For the sustainability of BFH status of the hospitals, built-in monitoring and evaluation is required.

Strengthening fortification initiatives and the National Fortification Alliance (NFA): Universal salt iodization is being pursued for the last two decades. Legal and organizational measures include: enactment of the Prevention of IDD Act in 1989, framing of the Prevention of IDD Regulation in 1993; constitution of national, district and sub district level salt committees; establishment of 8 zonal offices along with eight salt iodine testing laboratories and adoption of a National Salt Policy in 2011. A total of 267 salt mills have been equipped with salt iodization plants and 105 salt mills have their own laboratories. Vitamin A fortification of refined soybean oil is undertaken with private sector support. Micronutrient powders (MNPs) are also being promoted through retailer and grocery outlets at low cost. The BRAC community network in collaboration with MoHFW is disseminating messages to promote MNP usage in diets of 6 to 24 months old children to meet the need of micronutrients for this vulnerable period. Pilot rice fortification initiatives are underway, wherein milled rice is fortified with micronutrients. Inclusion of fortified rice in social safety nets is being explored by the Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief in collaboration with relevant ministries and development partners to address micronutrient deficiencies. The NFA needs to be reactivated to provide strategic guidance and governance for national fortification programmes.

6.2. Programme 11: Orienting food and nutrition programmes through data

Programme 11 aims to utilise up-to-date data and analyses to strengthen planning, monitoring and evaluation of nutrition interventions and policies, and corresponds to NFP PoA AoI 3.1. Improvement of statistics is essential for evidence-based decision making. The last two years have seen important new datasets made available. Data is collected according to established methodologies and criteria governing food and nutrition security and provides update on indicators and elements that serve as reference for monitoring food and nutrition policies.

6.2.1. Progress towards achievements

Programme 11 of the CIP identifies key interventions in updating national food composition tables, conducting food consumption and dietary assessments, validating dietary diversity methodologies and capacity strengthening in nutrition survey and analysis to facilitate evidence-based decision making. Table 25 shows the progress in relation to these interventions.

Increased Behavioural Change Communication (BCC) efforts The key to BCC is empowering the communities towards health and nutrition seeking behaviour. Bangladesh has been implementing health education as part of its health promotion and protection interventions since 1958 through networks articulated down to

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the grass root level230. Table 25: Progress towards achievement of CIP programme 11 CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators

2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Source

Number of mass media activities for behavioural change communication

na 635 575 685 Health Bulletin

2011, DG Health Services

Desirable dietary pattern established and updated

BIRTAN/FPMU/ DGHS

na Research initiated

Research ongoing

BIRDEM/FPMU/ NFPCSP/FPMU

Food composition tables (FCT) updated

FCT work ongoing

FCT on indigenous

foods prepared

Research initiated

Updated FCT ongoing

INFS/CARS/DU/ FPMU/NFPCSP –FAO, INFOODS

Food security and nutrition databases/ surveillance systems

BDHS MICS; FSNSP HIES; FSNSP BDHS, NMSS,

FSNSP, NHDSBD

FPMU

The number of BCC activities has increased in recent years. The NNS is implementing mass media campaigns, social mobilization and BCC activities at the health facility and community clinic levels. The Operational Plan (OP) on Health Education and Promotion also implements health education under the Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), as a precondition for successful health care delivery. The Bureau of Health Education (BHE) under DGHS is implementing jointly with DGFP the OP for Information, Education and Communication (IEC/BCC) of the HPNSDP carrying out comprehensive Health Education Promotion to the target population at all levels.

BCC tools like TV or radio spots, posters, leaflets and flip charts address behaviors and generate demand for health, family planning and nutrition services. More recently eHealth tools have also been introduced. Billboards on health have been supplied to 114 Upazilas, indoor display boards have been supplied to 240 schools and 460 UHCs through the NNS. IYCF TV spots are being aired jointly with IYCF Alliance and some innovative strategies are initiated. BCC activities are also being implemented within the context of the National IYCF Communication Implementation Framework.

As part of scaling up national coverage of IYCF communication, BRAC has been promoting community based approaches. The programmes are being implemented in partnership with NNS and development partners along with strong support of multimedia like journalism, press and TV spots that act as a pla orm for advocacy and lead to an improved national coverage (Figure 31).

___________________________________________________________________________ 230 HPNSDP (2011 -2016). PIP, Vol 1, Planning Wing MoHFW, July 2011.

Figure 31: Vision for national coverage on IYCF

Source: Sanghvi T (2013). The Vision: Alive and Thrive, FHI 360.

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Establishment of Desirable Dietary Pattern (DDP) Following up on previous estimates of desirable food intake,231 a Desirable Dietary Pattern and dietary guidelines for Bangladesh have been established by the Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, BIRDEM, in collaboration with FPMU and supported by NFPCSP–FAO. This is in line with NFP PoA AoI 3.1 ‘long term planning for balanced food.’ The DDP was based on an assessment of the adequacy of food and nutrient intake using the HIES 2010 household food consumption data.

Energy requirements were estimated using FAO/WHO methodology,232 based on physical activity levels in rural and urban areas classified by age, sex, occupational status (including sedentary, moderate and heavy work) and physiological status (i.e, pregnancy and lactation). The recommendend dietary allowances for macronutrients and micronutrients are compiled based on FAO/WHO (2006) and ICMR 2010 recommendations233. Diet plans formulated identify types and quantities of foods with an emphasis on local food habits, food availability and biodiversity building upon the 2000 Dietary Guidelines produced by BNNC, MoHFW. The dietary pattern and dietary guidelines have been reviewed by and shared with stakeholders in MoF, MoHFW and related institutions. Updated Bangladesh Food Composition Tables (FCT) Food composition tables (FCTs) are an essential tool for planning interventions in food security, nutrition and health. FCTs provide information on the nutrient composition of foods with specific reference to energy, nutrients (e.g. protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins and minerals) and other nutritionally significant food constituents (e.g. total dietary fibre, anti-nutrients, phytonutrients, etc). The Bangladesh FCTs have been updated and revised by INFS and CARS, Dhaka University with technical support from NFPCSP-FAO.

A key foods approach was used to identify and prioritize the foods for primary nutrient analysis.234 Food consumption data from HIES 2010 was used to identify the key food list, for rationalizing the food consumption indicators and other normative nutrition standards. The nutrient values have been derived from chemical analyses performed in accredited analytical laboratories or have been compiled from secondary sources in compliance with the Global INFOODS Guidelines for which FAO serves as Secretariat.235 A robust methodology and quality assurance review was employed in the development of the Food Composition Data Base (FCDB) and the updated FCT. The nutrient composition of 381 foods representing 15 food groups including 20 key foods that represent 75% of the nutrient intake and 11 cooked recipes are included in the new food composition database and FCT. The nutrient composition of 75 ethnic foods that had been earlier analyzed236 was also considered in the update of the national FCT. This initiative has been the first of its kind in the country. The Bangladesh FCT is also part of its larger contribution to the South Asian

___________________________________________________________________________ 231 BAN- HRDB, FPMU and MoHFW (2007). National Food Basket of Bangladesh 2007 -2012. 232 FAO/WHO (2004) Human energy requirements, Report of a Joint FAO/WHO/UNU Expert Consultation, Rome 17 -24 October 2001, Food and Nutrition Technical Report Series # 1. 233 Indian Council of Medical Research (2010). Nutrient Requirements and Recommended Dietary Allowances for Indians. 234 Haytowitz et. al. (2002). The identification of key foods for food composition research. J ournal of Food Composition Analysis, 15:2, 183-194. 235 INFOODS (2003). The International Network of Food Data Systems (available at http:// www.fao.org/infoods). 236 Islam S.N., M.N.I. Khan, and M. Akhtaruzzaman (2010). A Food Composition database for Bangladesh with special reference to selected ethnic foods, INFS-NFPCSP-FAO, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

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Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC Food Bank) which is a member of the INFOODS Network. Food security and nutrition databases/ surveillance systems Accurate, reliable and timely data are essential for the formulation of evidence-based interventions. Given the multidimensional nature of food insecurity and malnutrition, data from multiple sectors including agriculture, education, health, nutrition and others are required.

A variety of national sources collect key food security and nutrition information on routine basis. These include national surveys and surveillance systems that generate food security and nutrition data on a periodic basis, as well as ad hoc surveys that provide specific food security and nutrition (micronutrient status) data that complement and validate the available information (Table 26). Table 26: Sources of food security, health and nutrition data

Source/Survey Data generated Periodicity Coverage Government/

partner

HIES Income, expenditure, food consumption

and poverty

Five years (possibly changing

to 3 years) National BBS

BDHS Demographic, health and nutritional status of men, women and children

Three years National NIPORT, MoHFW

MICS

Diaggregated data on children and women covering social indicators

(education, environment and child protection)

Three years National/

Sub National

BBS/ UNICEF

Food Security and Nutrition Surveillance Program (FSNSP)

Food security and nutrition covering agro ecological regions

Surveillance system-3

rounds/year National

BRAC/ BBS/ HKI

National Micronutrient Survey (NMNS)

Micronutrient intake , prevalence of micronutrient deficencies in adult,

adolescent and child population Ad hoc National

ICDDR,B/ UNICEF

Nutrition Health and Demographic Survey, Bangladesh

Demographic, food security and nutrition, fertility, mortality, morbidity, maternal

and child health, HIV/AIDS/STDs Ad hoc National INFS/ USAID

Non Communicable Diseases Risk Survey

Tobacco use, prevalence of overweight, obesity, cardiovasular disease,

hypertension, cancer, gout, physical activity and food intake patterns

Ad hoc National MoHFW/

WHO

Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey

Food security, nutrition, agricultural production and practices

Ad hoc Rural

National IFPRI/ USAID

Food Balance Sheets Agriculture and Food supplies Annual National FAO/ BBS

Preliminary reports or consolidated summaries of the surveys/surveillance are first discussed in technical consultations and then shared through dissemination meetings where full reports and specific policy briefs are made available largely at national level to a wide range of users.

The Household Income Expenditure Survey (HIES) serves as a proxy source for food consumption. The HIES 2010 has a module on food consumption covering a 2 week period that can be used to generate estimates on food consumption and to assess dietary and nutrient adequacies at household and individual levels. The BDHS serves as the national source for demographic, maternal and child health data, including anthropometric statuses

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of women and children. The Food Security and Nutrition Surveillance Project (FSNSP) building on the experience of the Nutrition Surveillance Project, began collecting in 2008 surveillance data on food security and nutrition situation for households, women and children, generated on a seasonal basis and disaggregated by sub national levels.

Moreover, during the last two years three food and nutrition surveys have been released: the Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey 2011/2012 by IFPRI; the National Micronutrient Status Survey (NMSS) 2011-2012; and the Nutrition, Health and Demographic Survey of Bangladesh (NHDSBD) 2011, by INFS, Dhaka University. The Integrated Household Survey 2011-2012 provides information representative of rural Bangladesh at national and regional level as well as for the Feed the Future (FTF) zones, covering in an integrated manner agricultural production, food consumption, child feeding practices, and other key issues related to food security and nutrition.

Efforts are ongoing to promote harmonization of the methodologies used to identify and target food insecure and malnourished populations, notably in children under-5 years. To this end, the WHO cut off points help interpret the public health significance of undernutrition levels (Table 27). Table 27: WHO categorization of the public health significance of child undernutrition237

Indicator Low Medium High Very high Current national

levels % Stunted < 20 20-29 30-39 ≥ 40 41 % Underweight < 10 10-19 20-29 ≥ 30 36 % Wasted < 5 5-9 10-14 ≥15 16 % Women of child bearing age with BMI < 18.5

5- 9.9 10-19.9 20-39.9 ≥ 40 24.2

% LBW ≥ 15 22

6.2.2. Policy developments/programmes underway and needs for further action

Actions in Programme 11 target the improvement of statistics and provide national and sub national data in support of decision making. The budget for Programme 11 increased by 29.4% from 17 million USD in 2010-11 to 22 million USD in 2011-12, accounting for 0.22% of the total CIP. Across its three subprogrammes, 5 projects are ongoing and one is in the pipeline as of 2011-12. One pipeline project of the year 2010-11 moved to ongoing in 2011-12; one new project entered the pipeline; and three projects were completed up to 30 June 2012, costing about 0.3 million USD. The average project cost was 2.0 million USD in 2009-10, which increased to 2.5 million USD in 2010-11 and then reduced to 2.4 million USD in 2011-12.

Collaboration on food security situational analysis under the IPC The Integrated Phase Classification (IPC) Acute Scale Analysis was piloted, under FPMU leadership, with a multi-stakeholder Technical Working Group consisting of GoB and civil society representatives. IPC consolidates indicators on 9 inter-linked aspects: food consumption; livelihood change; nutritional status; mortality rate; food availability; food access; food utilization; food stability; and hazards and vulnerability. The IPC is not an

___________________________________________________________________________ 237 WHO Expert Committee (1995) Physical Status: The Use and Interpretation of Anthropometry, WHO Technical Report Series # 854, Geneva, WHO.

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information system, but a situation analysis and assessment of the future. The IPC is seen as a precursor to a more fully fledged Early Warning System, given its similarities with the Acute Future Projection, in terms of information on the potential severity, likelihood and timing of impending crises, and implications on livelihoods. The Nutrition and Food Security Clusters238 are also engaged in food security and nutrition mapping, analysis and capacity building during emergency and rehabilitation following disasters. Development of food and nutrition security information systems Two initiatives have been implemented to strengthen and mainstream data management. First, FPMU, with support from the NFPCSP, developed a Beta Version of the FPMU Data Management System, as part of a larger Food Security and Nutrition Information System (FSNIS) that encompasses a website and a virtual library. Nutrition data incorporated into this database draws on the most recent FSNSP, BHDS and HIES results, data on food availability, markets and public distribution are drawn from BBS, DAE, DAM, MIS of DG Food and various other sources. Data can be entered or imported via data linkages with DAM, MISM and FSNSP, and has helped to automate production of FPMU’s daily, fortnightly and quarterly food reports. Development of the FPMU FSNIS will continue in 2013 and 2014. A second initiative in the health sector, under the mandate of the IPHN/NNS, seeks to create a nutrition information system (NIS). A Nutrition Information & Planning Unit (NIPU) is also in process of development with support from DFID, UNICEF, MI, WHO, FAO, HKI, Brac University, FHI and other organisations in an effort to consolidate information from diverse sources for comprehensive nutrition situational analysis in Bangladesh. National Strategy for the Development of Statistics (NSDS) BBS will introduce the NSDS to strengthen the National Statistical System (NSS) of Bangladesh. NSDS is a global concept which emerged in 2004 under PARIS 21 (Partnership in Statistics for Development in the 21st Century) to improve the performance of statistical systems of developing countries. The goal is for NSS to produce timely, reliable and accurate statistics for planning and development processes. The Statistical Development Strategy, has the aim of establishing statistical cells within relevant ministries/agencies; enhancing statistical capacity through human resource development and improving the data dissemination policy. NSDS is a holistic approach which will cover the entire NSS. It involves situation analysis, formulation of policies, time-bound and result-based action plans, monitoring and evaluation. Institutionalize food security and nutrition surveillance FSNSP is now working towards a sustainable institutionalization plan to integrate surveillance into the activities of BBS, FPMU, NNS and related partners involved in food security and nutrition monitoring. Areas identified for institutionalization include: participatory governance mechanisms; mobilization of sustained finances; data collection and management capacity embedded in lead national agencies; analysis and timely reporting of results; and use of findings for policy and programming by government (including the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Ministry of Food, NGOs, UN Agencies and development partners) and NGOs.

___________________________________________________________________________ 238 Food Security Cluster is co-chaired by WFP and FAO; Nutrition Cluster is chaired by UNICEF.

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Needs for further action in this area include:

Maximizing impacts on nutrition through programme formulation and monitoring: Explicit nutrition targets and indicators should be included in the formulation of new projects and should be regularly monitored during implementation, also for projects that are implementing nutrition sensitive actions. Monitoring impacts can contribute to demonstrate the benefits of mainstreaming nutrition in multi-sectoral interventions. In this connection, a mapping of nutrition actions has been initiated by HKI to review the range of interventions and consistency and harmonization of indicators. It is envisaged that the nutrition data and information will be included in the Health Information System database of DGHS and also shared with FSNIS in FPMU so as to feed into national level policy monitoring processes such as the NFP PoA and CIP monitoring.

Promoting convergence among information systems: Given that nutrition and food security information is generated and used by multiple sectors, convergence, collaboration and coordination between different information systems should be seen as an important opportunity to better inform decision making. This is the case for example of the NIS in Nutrition Information Planning Unit (NIPU) and FSNIS in FPMU. Data sharing and, possibly, integration of the data repositories should be promoted to enhance data coverage and use.

Institutionalizing food security and nutrition surveillance: Under the new National Strategy for the Development of Statistics (NSDS), the BBS budget has ear marked resources for nutritional surveillance. NSDS provides a framework to institutionalize the processes for consultation, negotiation, mediation, and consensus building on priority issues apart from improving the quality, coverage and use of core statistics required for national planning. FSNSP has commenced with the transition; the project components have shifted from the HKI to BRAC University and BBS as part of the local ownership process.

Using evidence from research for promoting BCC programmes: Core BCC messages should be validated using science based guidance and a common understanding of the nutrition needs of the community. Studies on the desirable dietary pattern, complementary feeding manual and tested recipes, updated FCT with the macro and micronutrient content of the foods provide useful background to inform BCC programmes and nutrition education.

Promoting the use of food based dietary guidelines to inform policies and actions: Food Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs) should be used by a plurality of actors within multiple sectors, a working group on dietary guidelines’ implementation should be constituted. It should include key ministries (MoHFW, MoA, MoFLS, MoF, Ministry of Primary Education and Mass Communication), government agencies, academic institutions and private sector. The working group should define a timed plan for dissemination of the FBDGs to all relevant users.

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6.3. Programme 12: Food safety and quality improvement

Programme 12 aims to improve food safety and quality, including the national system for the assurance and surveillance of food safety and quality. It finances actions foreseen under NFP PoA AoIs 3.5 and 3.6 which aim to enhance access to safe and quality food supply for national consumption and international trade; and also to provide safe drinking water and improved sanitation facilities for all. Programme 12 is articulated along the following three subprogrammes: (1) improve surveillance system of food-borne diseases; (2) develop and enhance capacities of laboratories and systems for food quality assurance and control of food; and (3) support the development of a modern food control management system.

6.3.1. Progress towards achievements

Table 28: Progress towards achievement of CIP programme 12

CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators 2007/08 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 Source

No. of compulsory food items standardized by BSTI

58 64 64 12 BSTI, MoI

Prevalence of diarrhoea in under-5 children (in two week period)

10% na na 5 % BDHS

Proportion of population served with safe water supply for domestic use

97% 98% 98% 98.4% DPHE

Proportion of population having access to safe drinking water in arsenic affected areas

na 86% 87% 88% DPHE

Food safety activities are implemented under several line ministries given the multisectoral nature of food safety and its articulations along the food supply chain from ‘farm to fork’. For example, the department of Plant Protection under DAE of MoA is the focal point vested with responsibilities for activities covered under the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) including the Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Standards and Measures in Bangladesh; the Directorate of Food is responsible for supply of food stuffs and essential commodities to the consumers, assessing grain quality and standards and to align the draft Food Safety Policy with the disaster management/relief distribution system; the Institute of Public Health under DGHS, MoHFW is responsible for testing various food items including drinking water sold in the market for public consumption. BSTI,239 under Ministry of Industries deals with all government regulated standards and certification of food commodities and products and food fortification initiatives. Certification and food standards Consumers have been demanding legislative action to ensure that only safe food of acceptable quality be sold and that the risk of food borne health hazards be minimized. BSTI has approved 250 food related standards, both mandatory and voluntary. Of these 64 are under the mandatory certification marks scheme covered by issuing statutory regulatory orders (SROs) under Clause 24 of the BSTI Ordinance 1985. The number of compulsory standardized food items increased from 58 in 2007/08 to 61 in 2008/09, 64 in 2009/10 and remained static at 64 in 2010/11 (Table 28). However, only 12 new food items have been standardized in 2011/12. Among the standardized products, many foods are still sold

___________________________________________________________________________ 239 BSTI was established by the Government through an Ordinance passed in July 1985. The Ordinance has been amended as the BSTI (Amendment) Act, 2003.

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without standard bearing seals or with false seals due to weak enforcement. The slow progress in the certification of foods is attributed to limited capacities in BSTI and compliance with stricter regulations. Beside safeguarding consumers and health, standardization and certifcation of foods also influence trade. Prevention and control of diarrhoea The incidence of diarrhoea has declined over time but still persists as a major cause of infant mortality, morbidity and acute child malnutrition. It caused 2%of under-5 deaths during 2007-11 in Bangladesh. Greater mortality was averted by sustained use of oral rehydration salts (ORS) by about 77-78% of all children sick with diarrhoea since 2007240.

There has been a decline in prevalence of diarrhoea from 10% in 2007 to 5% in 2011. The use of zinc along with ORS increased from 20% in 2007 to 34% in 2011 which could be one of the reasons for this achievement. On the other hand, FSNSP 2011 shows a different picture where the diarrhoea prevalence improved less markedly (from 14% in 2010 to 12% in 2011), though the difference can be partly due to seasonal factors241 242. Prevalence of diarrhoea is highest at the age of 6 to 23 months, a period when solid foods are first introduced into the child’s diet. This pattern is believed to be associated with increased exposure to illness as result of faulty complementary feeding, greater mobility of the child as well as the immature immune system of children in this age group.243 Very little data is available on the prevalence and severity of food-borne illnesses. Work is underway in setting up a national food-borne illness surveillance system with the Institute of Epidemiology and Disease Control Research (IEDCR) of the MoHFW under the purview of the Project, ‘Improving Food Safety in Bangladesh’, being implemented by the MoHFW with technical support from FAO and funding from the Government of the Netherlands.

Hygienic practices play an important role in the prevention of diseases related to water and sanitation. An average of 65% of mortality caused by diarrheal diseases could be reduced if good hygiene practices are coupled with the provision of water and sanitation244. A gap between perception and practice of proper hand washing with soap was identified in a BRAC conducted study. At 2006 baseline, 8% reported to wash their hands with soap, which increased to 22% in 2010. The study also revealed that WASH interventions improved the water, sanitation and hygiene situation in Bangladesh; reduced diarrhoeal prevalence associated with lower number of faecal-colony forming bacteria on hands. Multivariate analysis showed that socio-economic factors including education of household head and respondent, water availability and access to media have strong positive association with hand washing with soap. The LGRD & C has taken initiatives to achieve the full coverage of hygiene and sanitation in collaboration with BRAC’s Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) programme to achieve the target set by the Millennium Development Goal (MDGs).

___________________________________________________________________________ 240 Policy Briefs, Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011, p.10. 241 The figures in diarrhoea prevalence vary between the BDHS, HFSNA and FSNSP surveys which could be attributed to seasonality factors. 242 State of Food Security and Nutrition in Bangladesh 2011. 243 Faruque ASG et. al. (2008). J Health Popul Nutr. 26(3): 325–339. 244 Rabbi S., and Dey N., (2013). Exploring the gap between hand washing knowledge and practices in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional comparative study, BMC Public Health, 13:89.

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Safe water supply Safe water supply is essential for maintaining good health and nutrition. The water supplied and used for households influences hygiene and therefore public health. Bangladesh attained almost universal coverage of safe water supply. The coverage was 75% in 2002 and reached 97% by 2007-08 and 98% in 2009-10. Recently (2011/12) DPHE estimated that the safe water supply for domestic use among households is 98.4%. Significant health gains occur when water is available at household level for child-care, food preparation and other productive activities. Access to safe drinking water in arsenic affected areas Ninety per cent of the rural population relies on tube wells for drinking water and deaths from diarrhoea have dropped dramatically. The establishment of tube well facilities at the household level was a main achievement, but it led to the emergence of arsenic contamination as a new challenge. Arsenic has no taste, odour or colour, and poses only long-term health risks, unlike the immediate risks of diarrhoea. Accordingly, arsenic mitigation is being mainstreamed into broad water and sanitation programmes. Many of the shallow tube wells with arsenic contaminated water are now marked with red colours245 and access to safe drinking water in arsenic affected areas has gradually increased to reach 88% of the population in 2012. Consumption of unsafe foods Problems of food safety can arise at any point of the food chain, from production, manufacture, transport, storage, or processing to preparation and consumption. Globalization of the food trade, mass production and increase in the complexity of the food chain has further multiplied the risk of food contamination. Consumption of unsafe food is an important factor in malnutrition, along with morbidity, notably diarrhoea along with other permanent consequences for the human body. Total diet studies can be used as part of food safety monitoring for chemicals in food.

Dietary risk exposures to heavy metals and other elements can be used to assess the safety of foods consumed. Recent research carried out by the INFS and supported by NFPCSP-FPMU assessed the heavy metals content of 20 prioritised key foods. Among the key foods, three have been found to contain heavy metals beyond the safe ___________________________________________________________________________ 245 UNICEF (2008). Arsenic Mitigation in Bangladesh; the red colour could enable the tube well users to visually know if the water is arsenic contaminated.

Box 6: Assessment of food safety using a total diet study The concentration of heavy metals in foods varies depending on where food is grown and marketed. Rice and vegetables grown in Rajshahi and Jessore have elevated concentration of arsenic (As) while rice and vegetables grown in Savar, Hazaribagh and Mymensingh had lower As levels. Males from over three-fourths of poor and non-poor households have cadmium (Cd) intake above the MPL. Both poor and non-poor households have high intake of As and lead (Pb) from different foods. The dietary risk exposure calculations point to a risk of all males of poor and non-poor households from As and Pb contamination. Mercury and antimony intake through different foods consumed by males from both poor and non-poor households are safely below Provisional Minimum Tolerable Intake (PMTI). In particular, the estimates of high dietary risk exposure to As and Pb have health implications, given that the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) in 2010 has withdrawn the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intakes (PTWI) of As and Pb. Source: Islam, R. et al. (2013). Consumption of Unsafe Foods: Evidence from Heavy Metal, Mineral and Trace Element Contamination, BAU (NFPCSP-FAO study)

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limit recommended by FAO/WHO.

Tilapia fish (arsenic content: 1.486 ppm), milk (lead content: 0.04 ppm) and mango (lead content: 0.642 ppm) are unsafe considering the safe limits of 1 ppm arsenic in fish, and 0.02 ppm and 0.1 ppm of lead in milk and fruit, respectively246. Another research carried out by the Department of Soil Science of BAU247 and supported by NFPCSP-FPMU evaluated the dietary risk exposure to specific minerals, trace elements and heavy metals among poor and non-poor households of Dhaka city (Box 6).

6.3.2 Policy developments/programmes underway and needs for further action

Programme 12 has a budget of 43 million USD or 0.44% of the total CIP budget, allocated to 5 ongoing, 1 completed and 3 pipeline projects as of June 2012, which is about 6.5% below the level registered in 2010-11. During the last fiscal year 1 project was completed, no new projects initiated and the number of pipeline projects reduced from 4 to 3. The average size of the projects gradually decreased from 12.7 million USD in 2009-10 to 4.6 million USD in 2010-11 and to 4.7 million USD in 2011-12. Delivery under the programme was 22.4 million USD in 2011/12, almost double than in 2010-11. The FAO Food Safety Project with a budget of 12.5 million USD is incorporated under the operational plan of the National Nutrition Services of the MoHFW. It follows up on an earlier project technically supported by FAO and funded by the EU with a budget of 10 million USD over the period 2009-12.

Food safety is now a major national priority with the government committed to establish a comprehensive, update legislation framework and implementing science-based approaches harmonized with international standards. The Prime Minister, in an inter-ministerial meeting in late 2012, instructed the Ministry of Food to elaborate a Food Safety Act since the Pure Food Law 1959 and its amendment in 2005 is out-dated, largely ineffective and requires major amendment. Under the provisions of the draft Act, an independent Bangladesh Food Safety Authority will be established and the National Food Safety Management Advisory Council will be reorganised with representation of all relevant ministries.

In line with the priority activities identified in the CIP, a National Food Safety Laboratory (NFSL) has been set up with well resourced modern instrumentation, equipment and facilities with support from FAO and EU. Qualified and trained core analysts are required to run the laboratory. The FAO Food Safety Project is supporting the capacity development activities for the analysts of the NFSL as well as other food testing laboratories in the country. There is a strong need for collaboration between Ministries particularly the MoHFW and the Ministry of Food in this critical initiative. Recognizing that the NFSL alone cannot meet the food safety analysis needs of the nation, the FAO Food Safety Project is also setting up the Bangladesh Food Safety Laboratory Network for sharing scientific and technical information and promoting partnerships. Concomitantly, capacity development activities are being supported for food and sanitary inspectors to undertake risk-based inspection and proper sample collection. Collaboration with the private sector is also envisaged, building on the successful partnerships between the public laboratories and ___________________________________________________________________________ 246 Shaheen, N., et al. (2013). Heavy Metals Content of Selected Key Foods in Bangladesh. Annual Meeting, Experimental Biology, Boston Convention and Exhibition Centre, Boston, April 20-24. 247 Islam R et. al. (2013). Consumption of unsafe foods: Evidence from heavy metal, mineral and trace element contamination in Bangladesh, Department of Soil Science, BAU, NFPCSP-FAO/FPMU supported Research Study.

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exporters that have resulted in a positive turn around for Bangladeshi fish and shrimp exports to EU.

The PoA Area of Intervention 3.5 on safe drinking water and sanitation facilities available and accessible for all is yet to be met. The strategic planning for water supply and sanitation projects for all urban areas and installing piped water supply for the urban poor needs to be further geared up. Besides, there is need for increasing the number of improved tube wells in rural areas to minimize impacts of arsenic contamination, excessive iron and salinity. There is also need for introducing water quality monitoring and surveillance programmes as well as mass hygiene awareness campaigns including the importance of hand washing. Research and development on appropriate and affordable technologies for safe drinking water and improved sanitation, construction of sanitary latrines for every household and for every school, strengthening the capacity of the local authoritative bodies through training of the concerned officials, strengthening/developing urban solid waste management through improved water and sanitation services are needed.

The PoA Area of Intervention 3.6 emphasised the enhanced access to safe and quality food, for domestic consumption and international trade. It covers activities including the strategic development framework at the national level and the need for a food control system to ensure nutritious, safe and wholesome food for consumers. The adoption of Good Agriculture Practices (GAP) at the field level and food safety management systems (such as GHP, GMP and HACCP) from post-harvest to retail; the remodelling of concerned IEC/BCC programmes on food safety and safe food practices to target actors in the food chain from farm-to-table, women particularly at the household level and school children; supporting the development of national food standards on the basis of risk assessment studies and strengthening the National Codex Committee and the National Codex Contact Point located in the BSTI are important priorities for FAO in its support to national food safety efforts.

Needs for further action in this area include:

Activating CODEX focal point and ensure compliance to standards: There is need to support capacity development for the National Codex Committee and the National Codex Contact Point so that they can participate in standard setting activities, regional and international, of the Codex Alimentarius Commission. As the government is now actively responding to food safety as a national priority, there is need for strengthening food control agencies and systems to monitor compliance with regulations to protect consumer health. Additionally, issues related to international trade and the SPS and TBT Agreements of WTO should be addressed by relevant departments in collaboration with the CODEX focal point.

Finalizing and enacting the new Food Safety Act, 2013: As mentioned above, the government in consultation with different ministries and stakeholders decided to enact a new Food Safety Act, 2013 under which a National Food Safety Management Advisory Council and an independent Bangladesh Food Safety Authority is being established to co-ordinate all functions related to food safety in the country. The National Food Safety Management Advisory Council will continue to be the apex policy making body on this issue. The Food Safety Act is being finalized and is expected to be placed soon before the Parliament for enactment. The approval and implementation of the Act will constitute a key step forward for improving food safety and food control in the country. This would need to be followed up with the development of the rules and regulations including measures for standards

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development and to align the various ministries and agencies involved in the new structure so that it incorporates all vital elements of food control.

Seeking approval of the National Food Safety and Quality Policy and National Food Safety Emergency Response Plan: The draft National Food Safety and Quality Policy prepared by different concerned ministries and stakeholders is currently being reviewed, thereafter awaiting approval. This will need to be followed by the development of a Plan of Action. A National Food Safety Emergency Response Plan drafted by a multi-sectoral committee and facilitated by the (then) MoFDM and related ministries, also awaits approval. Given that food safety emergency responses are generally built on an effective food control system, there is need to collect and review experiences of food related outbreaks and incidents through food-borne illness surveillance and develop a profiling of the system to address food safety emergencies. This is an area of policy priority that is being followed up.

Promoting effective utilization of national food safety testing facilities: As mentioned above, a state-of-the-art NFSL has been established at the Institute of Public Health under MoHFW. Support for building national food analysis at the NFSL is being provided by FAO with funding from the Government of Netherlands. The Institute of Food Science and Technology of BCSIR has also established a food safety laboratory with modern sophisticated instruments and equipment with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Technology. This laboratory has well trained food scientists and analysts. It is important to promote collaboration and coordination among all laboratories, and streamline their role within the food control system in order to maximize impact of the investments. A laboratory network is being established for this purpose.

Scaling up safe and healthy street food vending: Healthy street food vending is gaining momentum. In particular, the urban workforce need convenient foods because of their individual household circumstances which may not permit them to prepare home cooked meals. A large part of the urban population in Bangladesh, particularly from the lower income groups, meets a subtantial part of its dietary and nutritional needs through meals and beverages offered by outdoor vendors. Institutionalization of safe and hygienic street food vending was initiated as part of NFP Strategy # 3.5, PoA AoI # 3.6 : Safe, quality food supply. Following up from an NFPCSP-FPMU supported pilot research on Street Foods248, MoHFW with support from the FAO Food Safety Project implemented a safe street food vending initiative in collaboration with the Khulna City Corporation. This initiative also set up clean and hygienic street food kitchens to support the modern food carts. Model healthy markets for the sale of fresh produce were established within existing markets in Khulna. A training manual for street food vendors and handlers on food hygiene is being used by the vendors and other participants.249 This model that has resulted in healthier, safer food in Khulna and higher vendor incomes, awaits extension and scaling up in other urban areas of the country.

___________________________________________________________________________ 248 FPMU Food Security Policy Brief (2011). Safer Street Foods, NFPCSP-FAO/USAID/EU. 249 FAO (2012). Training Manual for Street Food Vendors on Food Hygiene.

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7. Food security and CIP financing

The CIP tracks resources channelled through the Annual Development Programme to finance a comprehensive set of priority investments consistent with the NFP Plan of Action. Some financing has been committed already for completed and ongoing projects, which are recorded as “financed” within the CIP monitoring framework. Other financing requirements are yet to be committed, and are recorded as “pipeline” in the CIP monitoring framework. The pipeline is classified by the GoB into priority and non-priority funding in order to facilitate phased and sustained commitments.

The CIP is articulated in 12 programmes and 40 subprogrammes that identify the priority investments required under the various Areas of Interventions (AoIs) of the PoA (see Annex 1) to address the issues targeted in the National Food Policy. The CIP “focuses on those investments that have a direct impact on food availability, access and nutrition, leaving out broader items for which other mechanisms are more adequate” (CIP 2011, Section 2 pg. 3). For example, not included in the CIP are donor contributions outside the ADP, private investments, and public sector current expenditure (such as direct transfers, fertilizer subsidies, food distribution and other safety nets) as well as on broader interventions, such as family planning and reshaping the education system.

This chapter is organised as follows. Section 1 reviews budgetary allocations across key ministries and divisions involved in the NFP PoA implementation. This does not exactly show financing of the PoA, since other areas of the Government’s work are also financed from these budgets, but it does show the relative importance of key PoA partners in the country’s overall fiscal space. Section 2 provides background information for understanding the CIP tables presented, including discussion of the project data that has been monitored for this report and improvements made to the budgets of 2011 and 2012 (see Annex 3 for details). Section 3 discusses the financial situation of the CIP updated for 2013, and reports the overall budget; financed actions disaggregated by government and development partner contributions; total and priority pipeline; and delivery articulated by programmes and subprogrammes. The analysis of the CIP financial situation is followed by recommendations, focusing on trends and distribution of current financing, the gap still to be financed and delivery so far. Updated data on completed and ongoing projects are presented in Annex 3.4, and on pipeline projects in Annex 3.5. 7.1. Fiscal space for food security: budgets of key NFP partner ministries

The NFP is a multi-ministerial policy, with 13 lead ministries and a multitude of other agencies expected to play key roles in its implementation. The budgets of these key ministries and divisions are spent mainly on PoA interventions, and partly on other objectives. Their total budget, however, can be taken as a measure of the fiscal space for food security and nutrition interventions.

Table 29 shows that in 2011/12, key NFP partner ministries and divisions together spent 424 billion taka on PoA and non-PoA interventions out of the GoB’s total expenditure of 1,445 billion taka. This represents shrinkage of the fiscal space for food security and nutrition investments to its lowest share (29%) since the start of PoA implementation – and moreover the shrinking share is planned to continue to 27% in 2012/13. Although the nominal taka

114

spending in 2011/12 by key partner ministries and divisions increased by 8%, this year-on-year increase was one of lowest and was outpaced by general inflation at 10.6%– which means the fiscal space shrank in real terms too. The planned budgetary increase of 11% in 2012/13 is larger than the inflation target of 7.5% announced in the 2013 Budget.

The MoA, LGD and MoHFW together accounted for around 66% of spending in 2011/12 by NFP partner ministries and divisions, making them the three largest – and this share is planned to remain the same in 2012/13. Key NFP partner ministries and divisions revised their planned budgets for 2011/12 by between +31% and -8%. Of total GoB expenditure in 2011/12, 9% went to agriculture, 8% to rural development and 7% to social security and welfare – and these are planned to be 8%, 8% and 6% respectively in 2012/13.

As cross-cutting and mainstreaming issues, gender and poverty are specific reporting items in BC-1 (Budget Circular 1), which in late-September is the first step in the strategic phase of the annual cycle before detailed budgets are prepared. The Ministry of Finance publishes a Gender Budget Report, which in the latest round included 25 ministries, and also reports budgets on antipoverty spending. Data from this reporting process shows there has been over four-fold increase in planned gender-spending over the past six years by key NFP partner ministries and divisions, with gender-spending planned to account for half of their total spending in 2012/13. Box 7 reports more detailed information.

Poverty spending follows the Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper classification, and comprises projects directly benefiting and mostly-targeting incomes and human capital of the poor, and also projects indirectly benefiting and not mostly-targeting the poor, but which are pro-growth, such as infrastructure, agriculture and institutional capacity. Figure 32 shows a declining trend in the share of total government spending on poverty, although the absolute amounts are steadily increasing. Between 2009/10 and 2010/11 the nominal increase was 19% and between 2010/11 and 2011/12 it was 11% - both of which exceeded inflation. Poverty spending is planned to increase by 19% to 97,440 crore taka in 2012/13.

Figure 32: Public spending on anti-poverty

Source: Ministry of Finance

115 Tabl

e 29

: Act

ual a

nd p

lann

ed e

xpen

ditu

res

(in b

illio

n Tk

) of k

ey p

artn

er m

inis

trie

s an

d di

visi

ons

in t

he N

FP

Revised Budget

Change FY07-08/FY06-07 (revised)

Change revised/ initial

% of total exp

Revised Budget

Change FY08-09/FY07-08 (revised)

Change revised/ initial

% of total exp

Revised Budget

Change FY09-10/FY08-09 (revised)

Change revised/ initial

% of total exp

Revised Budget

Change FY10-11/FY09-10 (revised)

Change revised/ initial

% of total exp

Revised Budget

Change FY11-12 (revised)/ FY10-11 (revised)

Change revised/ initial

% of total exp

Planned budget

Change FY12-13/ FY11-12 revised

% of total exp

MoA

6193

%41

%7%

76.4

25%

18%

7%73

.5-4

%23

%7%

84.4

15%

25%

7%92

.610

%25

%6%

89.1

20%

5%

MoF

L5.

110

%-7

%1%

618

%-8

%1%

6.4

5%-1

1%1%

7.9

25%

-8%

1%9.

318

%-5

%1%

9.5

-3%

1%

MoW

R14

.529

%3%

2%14

.92%

8%1%

18.4

24%

24%

2%21

.316

%4%

2%22

.66%

1%2%

28.9

30%

2%

Subt

otal

agr

icul

ture

80.6

70%

28%

10%

97.3

21%

14%

9%98

.21%

20%

10%

113.

616

%18

%9%

124.

510

%17

%9%

127.

520

%8%

LGD

60.7

-8%

-9%

7%64

.16%

1%7%

76.5

19%

-4%

8%93

.422

%-3

%8%

103.

911

%-5

%7%

124.

314

%7%

RDCD

4.1

25%

0%0%

4.7

16%

18%

0%3.

8-1

9%-3

%0%

659

%-1

2%0%

10.5

75%

31%

1%11

.139

%1%

MCH

TA4.

713

%0%

1%5.

518

%-4

%1%

4.3

-22%

9%0%

5.5

28%

-3%

0%5.

73%

1%0%

6.7

20%

0%

Subt

otal

rura

l dev

elop

men

t69

.5-5

%-8

%8%

74.3

7%2%

8%84

.614

%-3

%8%

104.

924

%-4

%9%

120.

114

%-2

%8%

142.

216

%8%

MoS

W8

14%

-1%

1%10

.126

%2%

1%12

.625

%-3

%1%

17.7

40%

-8%

1%19

.510

%-5

%1%

20.6

1%1%

MoW

CA11

.167

%0%

1%12

.29%

-10%

1%12

.10%

-10%

1%11

.9-1

%-4

%1%

12.4

4%0%

1%13

.15%

1%

MoF

ood/

a26

79%

21%

3%51

.799

%-9

%6%

41.8

-19%

-72%

4%69

.366

%15

%6%

11.0

NA

NA

1%10

.8-2

1%1%

MoD

M/b

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NAN

AN

ANA

NA

NA

NAN

A54

.5N

AN

A4%

58.3

2%3%

Subt

otal

soc

ial s

ecur

ity a

nd w

elfa

re45

.160

%11

%6%

7464

%-8

%9%

66.5

-10%

-62%

7%98

.949

%8%

8%97

.4-2

%-6

%7%

102.

7-1

%6%

MoH

FW su

b-to

tal

52.6

6%-4

%6%

6218

%2%

7%62

.71%

-10%

6%76

.221

%-6

%6%

81.5

7%-8

%6%

93.3

5%6%

Subt

otal

hea

lth a

nd n

utriti

on52

.66%

-4%

6%62

18%

2%7%

62.7

1%-1

0%6%

76.2

21%

-6%

6%81

.57%

-8%

6%93

.35%

6%

TOTA

L FO

OD

SEC

URI

TY24

7.8

25%

6%30

%30

7.5

24%

3%33

%31

21%

-24%

31%

393.

626

%4%

32%

423.

58%

1%29

%46

5.7

11%

27%

Tota

l GoB

exp

endi

ture

(dev

elop

men

t +

non

deve

lopm

ent)

81

7.8

20%

918.

412

%1,

004

9%1,

213

21%

1,44

519

%1,

693

12%

\a: u

ntil F

Y 20

12-1

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\b: M

oDM

est

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Sour

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udge

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Brie

f, M

oF (htt

p://

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Plan

ned

Expe

nditu

res i

nclu

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evel

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ent e

xpen

ditu

res (

expe

nditu

res

unde

r the

Ann

ual D

evel

opm

ent P

rogr

am (A

DP)

but

also

non

-ADP

exp

endi

ture

on

Food

for W

ork

(kin

d or

cas

h) a

nd th

e tr

ansf

er fr

om fo

od sa

le p

roce

eds f

or D

evel

opm

ent a

ctivitie

s, a

s w

ell a

s em

ploy

men

t gen

erati

on p

rogr

ams/

deve

lopm

ent p

rogr

ams fin

ance

d ou

t of

non-

deve

lopm

ent /

reve

nue

budg

et; n

on d

evel

opm

ent e

xpen

ditu

res

incl

ude

reve

nue

expe

nditu

re p

ay a

nd a

llow

ance

s, go

ods a

nd se

rvic

es, int

eres

t pay

men

ts, s

ubsid

ies

and

tran

sfer

s, b

lock

al

locatio

ns),

non-

deve

lopm

ent c

apita

l exp

endi

ture

(e.g

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n of

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ty in

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Budg

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(htt

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/ind

ex.p

hp?o

ption

=com

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tent

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ew= a

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=1);

Tota

l exp

endi

ture

exc

lude

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ns a

nd

adva

nces

(D),

dom

estic

and

fore

ign

debt

, foo

d ac

coun

t ope

ratio

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) and

stru

ctur

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endi

ture

s (E

).

FY07

-08

FY08

-09

FY09

-10

FY10

-11

FY12

-13

FY11

-12

116

Box 7: Planned gender spending by key NFP partner ministries and divisions In 2011/12 key NFP partner ministries and divisions planned to spend 216 billion taka on gender-related interventions. This is set to rise to 233 billion taka in 2012/13, thereby continuing the upward trend since the start of PoA implementation. LGD, MoDM, MoHFW and MoA accounted for over 75% of planned gender-spending by key NFP partner ministries and divisions in 2011/12 and 2012/13.

Planned budget spending on gender in billion taka

0

50

100

150

200

250

2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13

Billi

on t

aka

MoA MoFL MoWR LGDRDCD MCHTA MoSW MoWCAMoFood/a MoDM/b MoHFW

Source: CIP 2013

The Government publishes revised budgets, but not for gender-spending. As a share of the revised budget by partner ministries and divisions, planned gender-spending increased from nearly 30% in 2006/7 to nearly 51% in 2011/12 and 50% in 2012/13 – see the blue bars in the chart below. Planned gender-spending as a share of revised sectoral spending was largest for social security and welfare (70%) and rural development (57%) in 2011/12 – and these figures are 65% and 51% respectively in 2012/13. These represent substantial increases since the start of PoA implementation – see lines in chart below.

Proportion of budget spending on gender by key NFP ministries and divisions

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13

Prop

orti

on o

f bu

dget

Spending on Gender AgricultureRural development Social security and welfareHealth and nutrition

Source: CIP 2013

117

7.2 CIP financing

The CIP budget aggregates a large number of ADP projects into 12 programmes and 40 subprogrammes of investments towards the PoA. For each project, its status (completed, ongoing or pipeline), start date, end date, cost (total, GoB and DP) and annual delivery is recorded. All these characteristics, except project start dates, can change from year to year as a result of changes in project management, and therefore require annual monitoring.

The 2013 version of the CIP financial status (Table 30 and Table 31) includes the annual update for the latest fiscal year for which data is available (2011/12) and also through backward revisions for the previous two fiscal years. Annex 3 explains in detail the changes made.

Backward revision was necessary because the CIP financial data are collated project by project across all relevant government agencies and development partners using specialised formats. Information collated in this way are then cross-checked against previous CIP records and published information from ADP planning and reporting documents (usually published between March and April) at individual project level, with numerous inconsistencies detected and resolved by re-verifying data with the original source. The necessity for backward revision of the CIP financial data may remain in future until a centralised project management system is made accessible in ways that allow it to be tailored for monitoring multi-sectoral investment programmes – similar to what is done currently for public expenditure on poverty and gender.

The CIP project inventory was updated by including newly started projects, and by tracking changes in status of other projects (pipeline, ongoing, completed, or a few projects excluded from the CIP upon reconsideration) – and as part of backward revision, this was done for each year following the start of the CIP. Particular attention was made to avoid double-counting of projects involving – and therefore reported – by more than one agency.

A second step to update the project inventory was to prioritise the pipeline. The pipeline consists of projects whose funding still needs to be secured and projects for which funds have already been pledged but implementation has not yet started. In other words, the pipeline includes both project ideas looking for a sponsor and projects that have already secured financing but are still completing the formulation stage. The pipeline was recalculated maintaining the criteria for prioritization applied in 2010-11, as determined in a participatory manner during extensive consultations. These criteria are applied at the level of subprogramme (not individual projects) as follows:

- TOP priority: 90% of the financial requirement prioritized; - HIGH priority: 70% of the financial requirement prioritized; - MEDIUM priority: 50% of the financial requirement prioritized; - LOWER priority: 40% of the financial requirement prioritized; - These criteria were applied by subprogramme to pipeline projects.

Where required, the exchange rate used was 69.5 taka per USD, the rate used at the start of the CIP, thus allowing comparisons. Other currencies were converted to USD using the rate at the time of disbursement, or the rate provided by the respective DP. Further details are in Annex 3.

118

The CIP investment window runs from 1 July 2010 to 30 June 2015. The cost of projects that started before the investment window, or will end after the investment window, entered the CIP on a pro-rata basis according to their project durations250.

The revised financial data in this monitoring report include backward revised data for the CIP 2011, the CIP 2012, and the CIP 2013, the latter including the most recent financial data. As a result:

- CIP 2011 refers to projects to be implemented during 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2015 using (revised) data as of June 2010.

- CIP 2012 refers to projects to be implemented during 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2015 using (revised) data as of June 2011.

- CIP 2013 refers to projects to be implemented during 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2015 using (newly collected) data as of June 2012.

An inevitable consequence of backward revision of the database is that financial aggregates published in the previous two monitoring reports have been revised too. Revised tables are published in this report, along with updates for 2011/12.

7.3 CIP 2013 budget

As shown in Table 30, the CIP 2013 totals 9.8 billion USD, of which 6.2 billion USD is completed or ongoing, and 3.6 billion USD is in the pipeline of which 2.5 billion is marked as priority. Availability accounts for 56% of the value of financed projects and 65% of the value of pipeline projects – the respective figures of access are 39% and 33%, and for utilisation 6% and 2%, respectively. The GoB has invested into the CIP 1.65 dollars for every dollar invested by DPs, but interestingly for availability this ratio is 2, for access it is 1.62 and for utilisation it is just 0.26. For several years nutrition has been riding high in global development priorities, and has gained concrete recognition amongst policy makers in Bangladesh especially in the recent two years. Priority projects make up 70% of the pipeline, and of total priority projects, 68% is for availability, 29% for access and 3% for utilisation. Table 30: Summary of CIP 2013 budget (as of June 2012, in million USD)

CIP programme Total CIP

Financed (ongoing and completed) Pipeline projectsGoB DPs Total Total Priority

A=D+E B C D E FAvailability 5,790 2,306 1,153 3,459 2,331 1,712

Access 3,560 1,482 913 2,395 1,165 728

Utilization 428 70 272 342 86 64

Total 9,777 3,859 2,338 6,196 3,581 2,505

CIP 2013: changes year-on-year and against baseline Table 31 compares the CIP budget 2013 with CIP budget 2012 to show the year-on-year change, and against the CIP budget 2011 to show changes against the baseline.

___________________________________________________________________________ 250 For example, a project with 20% of its duration overlapping the CIP window was taken to contribute 20% of its project cost to the CIP.

119

Tabl

e 31

: CIP

Bud

get 2

013

and

revi

sed

Budg

et 2

011

and

2012

(in

mill

ion

USD

)

CI

P 20

11

CIP

2012

CI

P 20

13

CIP

prog

ram

me

Tota

l CI

P

Fina

nced

(ong

oing

) Pi

pelin

e pr

ojec

ts

To

tal

CIP

Fina

nced

(ong

oing

and

co

mpl

eted

) Pi

pelin

e pr

ojec

ts

To

tal

CIP

Fina

nced

(ong

oing

and

co

mpl

eted

) Pi

pelin

e pr

ojec

ts

GoB

D

Ps

Tota

l To

tal

Prio

rity

GoB

D

Ps

Tota

l To

tal

Prio

rity

GoB

D

Ps

Tota

l To

tal

Prio

rity

A=D

+E

B C

D

E F

A

=D+E

B

C D

E

F

A=D

+E

B C

D

E F

1 Su

stai

nabl

e an

d di

vers

ified

ag

ricu

ltur

e 68

6 60

76

13

6 55

1 40

4

916

173

75

248

668

543

1,

097

307

154

461

635

523

2 Im

prov

ed w

ater

man

agem

ent

1,65

3 53

3 23

3 76

6 88

7 63

2

1,99

0 1,

303

262

1,56

4 42

6 29

2

1,98

9 1,

433

264

1,69

7 29

2 20

0

3 Im

prov

ed q

ualit

y of

inp

ut a

nd

soil

ferti

lity

610

332

19

351

259

197

1,

106

141

51

193

913

655

2,

124

395

660

1,05

5 1,

069

762

4 Fi

sher

ies

and

aqua

cult

ure

deve

lopm

ent

470

100

29

129

342

219

36

7 12

2 29

15

1 21

6 14

8

374

145

33

178

196

133

5 Li

vest

ock

deve

lopm

ent

760

21

40

61

699

426

19

2 25

38

63

12

9 90

207

26

42

68

139

95

A

vaila

bilit

y 4,

180

1,04

7 39

5 1,

443

2,73

8 1,

877

4,

571

1,76

4 45

4 2,

219

2,35

3 1,

728

5,

790

2,30

6 1,

153

3,45

9 2,

331

1,71

2

6 Im

prov

ed a

cces

s to

mar

kets

1,

318

439

202

641

677

380

1,

711

788

276

1,06

5 64

6 33

6

1,77

2 87

1 29

8 1,

169

603

315

7 Im

plem

entatio

n an

d m

onit

orin

g of

NFP

and

CIP

actio

ns

112

0 10

10

10

2 71

91

0 14

14

77

54

65

0 17

17

47

33

8 En

hanc

ed P

ublic

Foo

d M

anag

emen

t Sy

stem

s 36

8 63

-

63

305

220

26

1 13

5 -

135

126

88

45

1 14

4 30

17

5 27

6 19

9

9 Eff

ectiv

e sa

fety

net

s 1,

009

303

312

615

394

287

1,

129

404

412

816

314

234

1,

272

466

568

1,03

4 23

8 18

1

A

cces

s 2,

807

806

524

1,33

0 1,

477

959

3,

192

1,32

8 70

2 2,

030

1,16

2 71

2

3,56

0 1,

482

913

2,39

5 1,

165

728

10

Com

mun

ity

base

d nu

triti

on

590

11

71

81

508

454

32

7 32

17

8 20

9 11

7 10

6

363

60

251

311

52

47

11

Ori

ent f

ood

and

nutr

ition

pr

ogra

m t

hrou

gh d

ata

22

1 0

1 21

13

17

2 8

11

6 3

22

6

9 15

6

3

12

Food

saf

ety

and

qual

ity

impr

ovem

ent

190

1 12

13

17

8 91

46

4 12

15

30

16

43

4 12

15

27

14

Uti

lizati

on

802

12

82

95

707

557

38

9 38

19

8 23

5 15

4 12

5

428

70

272

342

86

64

To

tal

7,79

0 1,

866

1,00

2 2,

868

4,92

2 3,

393

8,

153

3,13

0 1,

354

4,48

4 3,

669

2,56

5

9,77

7 3,

859

2,33

8 6,

196

3,58

1 2,

505

120

The main findings are:

CIP budget increased by 1,624 million USD between 1 July 2011 and 30 June 2012, with a total increase of 1,987 million USD between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2012;

Financed CIP budget (ongoing and completed projects) increased by 1,712 million USD between 1 July 2011 and 30 June 2012 to 6,196 million USD, resulting in a total increase of 3,328 million USD between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2012. The increase recorded in 2013 (1,712 million USD) is slightly above the increase recorded in 2012 (1,616 million USD);

The financial gap (pipeline projects awaiting finance) decreased by 88 million USD between 1 July 2011 and 30 June 2012, leaving 3,581 million USD in the pipeline; however, the financial gap decreased by a much more substantial 1,341 million USD between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2012. It is important to highlight that the slow decline in pipeline is not due to a slow movement of projects from pipeline to financing, but rather to the formulation of new projects added to the pipeline that almost equated the value of those that moved out of the pipeline - the pipeline is discussed in more detail below;

Prioritized finance gap decreased by 61 million USD between 1 July 2011 and 30 June 2012; and by a total of 889 million USD between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2012.

Figure 33 compares the total budget - distinguishing between the financed portion and gap to be financed - in the CIP 2011, 2012 and 2013, disaggregating by availability, access and utilisation. The total CIP budget 2013 increased relative to both 2012 and 2011 for availability and access, while for utilization the budget increased relative to 2012 but reduced compared to the baseline. This is mainly the result of the substantial decrease in the gap to be financed (pipeline) registered between the 2011 and 2012 budgets. The financed portion of the CIP budget increased for all three pillars of the NFP. The financial gap (pipeline) shrank for all three pillars but, as noted above, most markedly for utilisation. While in all pillars financing has been substantially scaled-up, under the utilization pillar there has been only limited formulation of new pipeline projects. Changes in the financed part of the CIP Table 32 provides more details on the changes observed in the financed part of the CIP. The total costs of projects completed between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2012, with pro-rata costs for projects starting before 1 July 2010 (CIP start), added to the total cost of projects

Figure 33: CIP 2011, 2012 and 2013 by NFP objective

-

2,000

4,000

6,000

Ava

ilabi

lity

Acc

ess

Util

izati

on

Ava

ilabi

lity

Acc

ess

Util

izati

on

Ava

ilabi

lity

Acc

ess

Util

izati

on

2011 2012 2013

Mill

ion

USD

GapFinanced

Source: CIP 2013

121 Tabl

e 32

: Evo

luti

on o

f fin

ance

d CI

P bu

dget

(in

mill

ion

USD

)

CIP

prog

ram

me

Fina

nced

bu

dget

in

CIP

2011

Proj

ect

cost

ch

ange

s in

FY

201

1

New

ly

finan

ced

in

FY 2

011

Tota

l ch

ange

in

FY 2

011

Fina

nced

bu

dget

in

CIP

2012

Proj

ect

cost

ch

ange

s in

FY

201

2

New

ly

finan

ced

in

FY 2

012

Tota

l ch

ange

in

FY 2

012

Fina

nced

bu

dget

in

CIP

2013

Tota

l in

crea

se in

fin

anci

ng

betw

een

CI

P 20

11

and

CI

P 20

13

a

b c

d=b+

c e=

a+d

f g

h=f+

g i=

e+h

j

1 Su

stai

nabl

e an

d di

vers

ified

agr

icul

ture

13

5.6

1.4

110.

9 11

2.3

247.

9 28

.4

185.

0 21

3.0

461.

0 32

6.0

2 Im

prov

ed w

ater

man

agem

ent

766.

2 13

3.6

664.

4 79

8.0

1,56

4.2

(0.6

) 13

3.2

133.

0 1,

697.

0 93

1.0

3 Im

prov

ed q

ualit

y of

inp

ut a

nd s

oil f

ertil

ity

351.

1 (2

03.7

) 45

.3

(158

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192.

7 0.

9 86

1.4

862.

0 1,

055.

0 70

4.0

4 Fi

sher

ies

and

aqua

cultu

re d

evel

opm

ent

128.

8 3.

0 18

.9

21.9

15

0.7

(0.0

) 27

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27.0

17

8.0

49.0

5 Li

vest

ock

deve

lopm

ent

61.0

(0

.2)

2.2

2.1

63.0

0.

2 4.

9 5.

0 68

.0

7.0

Ava

ilabi

lity

1,44

2.7

(65.

8)

841.

8 77

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2,21

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1,

211.

7 1,

241.

0 3,

459.

0 2,

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0

6 Im

prov

ed a

cces

s to

mar

kets

64

1.3

27.4

39

6.0

423.

4 1,

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7 16

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87.6

10

4.0

1,16

9.0

528.

0

7 Im

plem

entatio

n an

d m

onit

orin

g of

NFP

and

CIP

acti

ons

10.2

4.

1 -

4.1

14.2

-

3.7

4.0

18.0

8.

0

8 En

hanc

ed P

ublic

Foo

d M

anag

emen

t Sy

stem

s 63

.3

- 72

.2

72.2

13

5.5

(0.0

) 39

.3

39.0

17

5.0

111.

0

9 Eff

ectiv

e sa

fety

net

s 61

5.4

2.5

197.

3 19

9.8

815.

2 16

0.0

59.2

21

9.0

1,03

4.0

419.

0

Acc

ess

1,33

0.1

34.0

66

5.5

699.

5 2,

029.

6 17

6.7

189.

7 36

6.0

2,39

5.0

1,06

5.0

10

Com

mun

ity

base

d nu

triti

on

81.4

(0

.2)

128.

0 12

7.8

209.

1 0.

0 10

2.2

102.

0 31

1.0

230.

0

11

Ori

ent f

ood

and

nutr

ition

pro

gram

thr

ough

dat

a 0.

6 1.

0 9.

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(0

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15.0

15

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12

Food

saf

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ity im

prov

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t 12

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(0.0

) -

(0)

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2.

0

Uti

lizati

on

94.9

0.

8 13

9.5

140.

2 23

5.2

(0.8

) 10

7.5

107.

0 34

2.0

247.

0

Tota

l 2,

868

(31)

1,

647

1,61

6 4,

483

205

1,50

9 1,

713

6,19

7 3,

329

122

ongoing between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2012, with pro-rata costs for projects continuing beyond 30 June 2015 (CIP end), gives the total financed CIP. In two years, an additional 3.3 billion USD was financed, bringing the total to 6.2 billion USD, of which 3.5 billion USD went to availability, 2.4 billion USD to access and 0.3 billion USD to utilisation. This represents a rising share in the total for availability from 50% to 56%, declining share for access from 46% to 39% and rising share for utilisation from 3% to 6%. Of the 3.3 billion USD increase, 97% was due to new projects and the rest to budgetary revisions of ongoing projects. It can be noticed that the additional financing mobilized is quite similar over the two years. Number of projects in the CIP as of June 2012 Table 33 shows the decomposition by pillars and programs of the 434 projects completed or ongoing or in the pipeline in the CIP by 30 June 2012. The number of financed projects increased significantly from 159 in CIP 2011, to 242 in CIP 2012, and to 307 in CIP 2013. Conversely, a decline is observed in the number of pipeline projects from 257 in CIP 2011, to 152 in CIP 2012 and to 127 in CIP 2013. The increase of 148 financed projects exceeds the decline of 130 pipeline projects, suggesting that projects have been financed under the CIP in addition to the identified pipeline. In particular:

1. Projects considered of particular relevance can be “fast tracked”, that is to say, be financed without having previously been in pipeline;

2. Projects in pipeline can be reconsidered and so aggregated with others or cancelled to give space to other proposals. This has been particularly the case when moving from CIP 2011 to CIP 2012, as the ideas for interventions identified in a very preliminary manner as part of the CIP have only gradually later on entered the formal planning process.

Table 33: Number of CIP projects– ongoing/completed and pipeline by programme

CIP programme

CIP 2011 CIP 2012 CIP 2013

Ongoing / completed

Pipeline Ongoing / completed

Pipeline Ongoing / completed

Pipeline

1 Sustainable and diversified agriculture 27 63 51 34 67 27 2 Improved water management 31 29 49 18 54 15 3 Improved quality of input and soil fertility 16 20 19 13 26 14 4 Fisheries and aquaculture development 17 20 21 19 27 16 5 Livestock development 12 22 13 9 16 10

Availability 103 154 153 93 190 82 6 Improved access to markets 20 29 31 13 36 16 7 Implementation and monitoring of NFP and CIP actions 3 6 3 6 5 3 8 Enhanced Public Food Management Systems 3 18 5 11 7 6 9 Effective safety nets 19 15 24 12 29 10

Access 45 68 63 42 77 35 10 Community based nutrition 4 16 14 12 26 6 11 Orient food and nutrition program through data 3 8 6 1 8 1 12 Food safety and quality improvement 4 11 6 4 6 3

Utilization 11 35 26 17 40 10 Total 159 257 242 152 307 127

Table 34 shows that the average size of completed and ongoing projects increased under availability, access and utilisation, and overall increased from 18 million USD to 21 million USD. Completed and ongoing access projects are larger than the average CIP project at 32 million USD - the respective figures for availability and utilisation are 19 million USD and 10 million USD. Average size of pipeline projects are markedly larger for availability and access,

123

but smaller for utilisation in 2013. The largest increase in average size of ongoing projects is registered between 2012 and 2013 under programme 3, mainly as result of the shift from pipeline to ongoing of a large fertilizer production project. Amongst pipeline projects, the largest increase is recorded under programme 8 mainly as an effect of the formulation of a new project for construction of additional food storage capacity awaiting approval for funding from the World Bank. Table 34: Average CIP project budget– ongoing/completed and pipeline by programme

Managing many small projects in a large investment portfolio requires greater project management, implementation and monitoring capacities than a few large projects in a small investment portfolio, at least at central government level, Figure 34 plots each programme’s average project size against its investment in the CIP, with the vertical line marking the average project size in the whole CIP and the horizontal line marking the CIP budget divided by 12, the average portfolio size. In the top right quadrant, programmes 2, 3, 6 and 9 have larger portfolios composed of larger projects, whilst in the bottom left quadrant, programmes 1, 4, 5, 7, 10, 11 and 12 have smaller portfolios composed of smaller project sizes. Changes in the CIP pipeline (gap to be financed) Table 35 shows the changes in total gap and prioritized gap by programme (details of the prioritisation criteria are in Section 7.2). The financing gap decreased by 27% and the prioritized gap decreased by 26% - with the greatest decrease in the utilisation pillar at 88%. The presence of a large pipeline should not be seen as a sign of difficulty when the number

CIP programme

CIP 2011 CIP 2012 CIP 2013

Ongoing / completed

Pipeline Ongoing / completed

Pipeline Ongoing / completed

Pipeline

1 Sustainable and diversified agriculture 5.0 8.7 4.9 26.0 7.7 30.4 2 Improved water management 24.7 30.6 32.5 24.9 32.0 21.0 3 Improved quality of input and soil fertility 21.9 13.0 10.6 70.4 40.9 77.8 4 Fisheries and aquaculture development 7.6 17.1 7.2 17.7 6.6 19.6 5 Livestock development 5.1 31.8 4.8 14.4 4.3 13.9

Availability 14.0 17.8 14.8 29.2 18.7 32.6 6 Improved access to markets 32.1 23.3 35.0 64.6 33.1 51.1

7 Implementation and monitoring of NFP and CIP actions

3.4 16.9 4.7 12.9 3.6 15.8

8 Enhanced Public Food Management Systems 21.1 16.9 27.1 12.7 25.0 71.6 9 Effective safety nets 32.4 26.2 34.0 29.5 37.0 24.6

Access 29.6 21.7 32.5 33.6 31.9 44.0 10 Community based nutrition 20.3 31.8 17.0 11.1 14.1 8.7 11 Orient food and nutrition program through data 0.2 2.6 2.1 6.5 2.3 6.5 12 Food safety and quality improvement 3.2 16.1 2.6 7.6 2.5 9.1

Utilization 8.6 20.2 10.2 10.0 10.0 8.6 Total 18.0 19.2 18.9 28.3 20.9 33.9

Figure 34: Average project size versus por olio size, by programme

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11 120

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

Inve

stm

ent p

orol

io s

ize,

mill

ion

USD

Average project size, million USD Source: CIP 2013

124

and value of financed projects are increasing. Indeed, this can be interpreted as a sign of positive dynamics of formulation of new initiatives waiting for financing. In other words, the large pipeline in presence of increasing financing can be interpreted as a sign that the CIP is indeed working as a “living document” as originally conceived (CIP, 2011, pp. 5 and 8). On the contrary, a stagnating pipeline in the presence of significant financing can be interpreted as lack of new initiatives, where areas of interventions remain unfinished. With this in mind, the utilisation pipeline could be reviewed to see if there is need to replenish it as it has declined from 707 million USD to 86 million USD, although such a review would need to pay explicit consideration to any potential capacity constraints to implementation. More modest reductions in the pipeline occurred for availability and access pillars, at 15% and 21% respectively. Worth noticing is that most of the reduction occurred during the first year of the CIP; the reduction of pipeline projects for availability was greater for non-priority projects; and within a declining overall pipeline for availability, the pipeline increased for subprogrammes 1 and 3 (the only subprogrammes with increases). Table 35: Changes in CIP pipeline, total and priority projects

CIP programme Pipeline CIP 2011

Change from CIP 2011 to

CIP 2012

Pipeline CIP 2012

Change from CIP 2012 to

CIP 2013

Pipeline CIP 2013

Change from CIP 2011 to CIP

2013 Total Priority Total Priority Total Priority Total Priority Total Priority Total Priority

1 Sustainable and diversified agriculture

551 404 21% 34% 668 543 -5% -4% 635 523 15% 29%

2 Improved water management 887 632 -52% -54% 426 292 -32% -31% 292 200 -67% -68%

3 Improved quality of input and soil fertility

259 197 252% 233% 913 655 17% 16% 1,069 762 312% 287%

4 Fisheries and aquaculture development

342 219 -37% -32% 216 148 -10% -10% 196 133 -43% -39%

5 Livestock development 699 426 -82% -79% 129 90 8% 5% 139 95 -80% -78% Availability 2,738 1,877 -14% -8% 2,353 1,728 -1% -1% 2,331 1,712 -15% -9%

6 Improved access to markets 677 380 -5% -12% 646 336 -7% -6% 603 315 -11% -17%

7 Implementation and monitoring of NFP and CIP actions

102 71 -24% -24% 77 54 -38% -38% 47 33 -53% -53%

8 Enhanced Public Food Management Systems

305 220 -59% -60% 126 88 120% 126% 276 199 -9% -10%

9 Effective safety nets 394 287 -20% -18% 314 234 -24% -23% 238 181 -40% -37% Access 1,477 959 -21% -26% 1,162 712 0% 2% 1,165 728 -21% -24%

10 Community based nutrition 508 454 -77% -77% 117 106 -56% -56% 52 47 -90% -90%

11 Orient food and nutrition program through data

21 13 -69% -75% 6 3 0% 0% 6 3 -69% -75%

12 Food safety and quality improvement

178 91 -83% -82% 30 16 -10% -13% 27 14 -85% -85%

Utilization 707 557 -78% -78% 154 125 -44% -49% 86 64 -88% -89% Total 4,922 3,393 -25% -24% 3,669 2,565 -2% -2% 3,581 2,505 -27% -26%

CIP delivery between July 2010 and June 2012 CIP delivery refers to actual rather than budgeted expenditures. Usually expenditures are unequally spaced throughout a project’s life, and actual project expenditures can differ from budgeted costs. Table 36 shows increased delivery from 750 million USD to 913 million USD, making a cumulative delivery of 1,662 million USD out of the 6,196 million USD financed. This indicates 27% delivery in 40% of elapsed time (two of the five years of the CIP). Access component had a larger year-on-year increase as compared to availability – and then utilisation. Programme 3 (improved quality of input and soil fertility) and programme 10 (community-based nutrition) had large year-on-year increases in delivery, by 66% and 100% respectively. The GoB’s share in total delivery dropped from 63% in CIP 2012 to 57% in CIP

125

Figure 35: Delivery versus additional financing

Source: CIP 2013

2013 – giving a share of 60% of the cumulative delivery against a share of 62% on finance budget. Table 36: Year-on-year and cumulative delivery (million USD)

Comparing cumulative expenditure and additional financing since the start of the CIP, Figure 35 shows that additional resources made available are significantly above the resources utilized. This highlights a need to accelerate implementation and to scale up delivery capacity. Delivery relative to additional resources is smallest in utilisation.

Development Partners’ contribution to the CIP Monitoring of DP contributions allows identification of their ongoing and future commitments in the 12 areas of the CIP. Data collected from DPs on their ongoing and completed commitments should tally with the GoB’s report of DP’s ongoing and completed contributions. Considering the scale of the CIP and its complexity across many ministries, the two totals do tally relatively closely with just a +292 million USD discrepancy in a 9.8 billion USD investment portfolio – and this acts as an important quality assurance for this

CIP programme Delivery in FY 2010/11 Delivery in FY 2011/12 Cumulative Delivery

GoB DPs Total GoB DPs Total GoB DPs Total

1 Sustainable and diversified agriculture 36.9 15.0 51.9 48.0 20.4 68.4 84.9 35.4 120.3

2 Improved water management 125.2 28.6 153.8 118.1 31.3 149.4 243.3 59.9 303.2

3 Improved quality of input and soil fertility

48.0 7.4 55.4 26.5 88.5 115.0 74.6 95.9 170.5

4 Fisheries and aquaculture development

32.7 3.8 36.5 27.6 7.8 35.4 60.4 11.6 72.0

5 Livestock development 6.9 13.7 20.6 7.9 10.3 18.2 14.7 24.1 38.8

Availability 250 69 318 228 158 386 478 227 705

6 Improved access to markets 132.9 113.2 246.0 136.0 80.3 216.3 268.9 193.5 462.4

7 Implementation and monitoring of NFP and CIP actions

0.0 3.3 3.3 - 3.3 3.3 0.0 6.5 6.5

8 Enhanced Public Food Management Systems

29.2 - 29.2 32.2 - 32.2 61.3 - 61.3

9 Effective safety nets 57.4 83.8 141.2 117.7 134.4 252.2 175.2 218.2 393.4

Access 220 200 420 286 218 504 505 418 924

10 Community based nutrition 2.8 6.9 9.7 2.4 13.6 16.1 5.2 20.6 25.8

11 Orient food and nutrition program through data

0.3 0.8 1.1 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.3 1.6 1.8

12 Food safety and quality improvement 0.1 0.7 0.8 1.1 4.5 5.5 1.1 5.2 6.3

Utilization 3 8 12 4 19 22 7 27 34

Total 472 277 750 518 395 913 990 672 1,662

126

monitoring exercise. Reasons for the discrepancy include differences in classifying statuses of projects, exchange rates applied, and the elements included in project costs. DP monitoring is also important for keeping track of their near funding intentions, and their contributions outside the ADP. Similarly to what was done for data from the GoB, the DP data reported in CIP 2011 and CIP 2012 was backward revised for some inconsistencies and omissions to allow valid comparisons through time. There are 258 completed, ongoing and pipeline projects in the DP database as of 30 June 2012. ADP projects Annex 3.6a shows the financing reported by DPs through the ADP in projects that are ongoing or have been completed since the beginning of the CIP. The total contribution by DPs to the CIP is 2.6 billion USD, of which 55% went to the availability pillar, 37% to the access pillar and 8% to the utilisation pillar. China, DFID, World Bank, ADB, JICA and EU were large contributors, greater than 100 million USD – with important differences in the allocation of their investments. For example, China’s contribution of 560 million USD is entirely in programme 3; and of these six DPs, utilisation is a large share of only the EU’s investment portfolio (see Table 37). Table 37: Financing structure of DPs contributing more than 100 M USD through the ADP

CIP programme China DFID

World Bank

ADB JICA EU

Ava

ilabi

lity

1. Sustainable and diversified agriculture

21% 16% 9%

2%

2. Improved water management

22% 21% 23%

3. Improved quality of input and soil fertility 100% 8% 8% 12%

4. Fisheries and aquaculture development 0% 5. Livestock development 18% 4% 2% 1% 0%

sub total Availability 100% 39% 52% 40% 24% 14%

Acc

ess

6. Improved access to markets

7%

60% 69%

7. Implementation and monitoring of NFP and CIP actions

0%

2%

8. Enhanced Public Food Management Systems 7%

9. Effective safety nets

29% 48%

43%

sub total Access 37% 48% 60% 76% 45%

Util

izati

on 10. Community based nutrition 25% 27%

11. Orient food and nutrition program through data

7%

12. Food safety and quality improvement 7%

sub total Utilization 25% 41%

100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

Annex 3.6a shows changes between CIP 2011 and CIP 2013. Funding by DPs to the CIP increased by 1.2 billion USD, of which 397 million USD was committed between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2011 and 835 million USD was committed between 1 July 2011 and 30 June 2012 – indicating a substantial slowdown in investments.

While 94 DP-funded ADP projects were ongoing at the start of the CIP on 1 July 2010, there were 212 projects ongoing or completed by 30 June 2012. Amongst projects that moved from the pipeline to ongoing status were the China funded ‘Shajalal Fertiliser Project’ under

127

Table 38: DP contributions by programme, ADP, non-ADP and future commitments

CIP programme ADP

Non-ADP

Future

Ava

ilabi

lity

1. Sustainable and diversified agriculture 11% 14% 12%

2. Improved water management 11% 0% 7%

3. Improved quality of input and soil fertility 26% 3% 2%

4. Fisheries and aquaculture development 1% 3% 0%

5. Livestock development 6% 22% 1%

sub total Availability 55% 43% 22%

Acc

ess

6. Improved access to markets 19% 10% 45%

7. Implementation and monitoring of NFP and CIP 1% 3% 1%

8. Enhanced Public Food Management Systems 1% 3% 18%

9. Effective safety nets 16% 23% 4%

sub total Access 37% 39% 68%

Util

izati

on 10. Community based nutrition 8% 18% 8%

11. Orient food and nutrition program through data 0% 0% 0%

12. Food safety and quality improvement 0% 0% 1%

sub total Utilization 8% 18% 9%

100% 100% 100%

Programme 3 with a cost of 560 million USD (China’s entire contribution to the CIP). Two new donor agencies have been added to the CIP DP database in 2013. These were UNICEF which contributed 4 million USD in three projects under Programme 10, and Italy which contributed 3 million USD under Programme 6 with a project called ‘Food Security through Enhanced Agricultural Production Diversified Sources of Income, Value Addition and Marketing in Bangladesh’. Non-ADP projects

In addition, DPs have committed food and nutrition security projects outside the ADP – and therefore, outside the CIP – to a total of 738 million USD – see Annex 3.6b. This means that

78% of DP investments come under the CIP’s coordinatingframework. USAID, DFID and AusAid make up 79% of the non-ADP investments, whilst 9 DPs with ADP projects have no non-ADP projects. Since the CIP began, DP funding outside the ADP increased by 220 million USD, of which 191 million USD was committed between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2011 and 28 million was committed between 1 July 2011 and 30 June 2012 -

which represents a significant deceleration of DP activities outside the CIP. As of June 2012, 77 non-ADP projects were ongoing or completed and 11 were in the pipeline. Four new non-ADP projects started in the financial year 2011/12. Possible future DP contributions Annex 3.6c shows that future potential contributions to the CIP, indicated as of 1 July 2012 by DPs, totalled 1.6 billion USD, of which 22% was towards availability, 68% towards access and 9 % towards nutrition. If this were to be all channelled through the ADP, which it might not be, it would lead to 17% expansion of the CIP. Major future contributors include ADB, the World Bank, IFAD, USAID and DFID. These agencies are projected to invest more than 100 million USD in the CIP, followed by Spain which might finance an additional 90 million USD. ADB’s possible investments are concentrated on Programme 6. The World Bank considers making major investments under Programmes 8 and 9, and to support with smaller amounts most programmes under the availability component. IFAD will mainly concentrate on Programme 6 and Programme 1, while USAID will invest in a wide range of

128

Table 39: Post-CIP budget through the ADP (million USD)

CIP programme Beyond 30/6/2015

GOB DPs Total

1 Sustainable and diversified agriculture 26.0 27.7 53.8

2 Improved water management 9.1 24.3 33.4

3 Improved quality of input and soil fertility 1.9 6.7 8.6

4 Fisheries and aquaculture development 0.1 1.1 1.2

5 Livestock development 0.3 0.9 1.2

Availability 37.4 60.8 98.2

6 Improved access to markets 8.1 13.8 21.9

7 Implementation and monitoring of NFP and CIP - 0.7 0.7

8 Enhanced Public Food Management Systems - - -

9 Effective safety nets 2.3 37.7 40.0

Access 10.4 52.2 62.6

10 Community based nutrition 10.7 43.5 54.2

11 Orient food and nutrition program through data 1.3 1.9 3.1

12 Food safety and quality improvement - - -

Utilization 12.0 45.4 57.3

Total 59.8 158.3 218.1

Table 38 summarises the preceding discussion on DP financing through the ADP, outside the ADP, and future potential commitments. ADP projects have a relatively greater emphasis on availability, whilst non-ADP projects have relatively greater emphasis on utilisation. Furthermore, if all potential commitments are realised, and they are channelled through the ADP, it would represent a significant adjustment of the CIP portfolio across its programmes. Financing through ADP beyond 2015

The analysis so far refers to the CIP investment window from 1 July 2010 to 30 June 2015, with projects that started before or after these dates included on a pro-rata basis. Table 39 shows that 218 million USD of investments are already committed to ongoing projects continuing beyond 2015, of which 73% has been committed by DPs251. The investment structure post-2015 is 45% for availability, 29% for access and 26% for utilisation – and this is significantly different from the financed CIP up to 2015, at 56%, 39% and 6% respectively (see Section 7.3).

Recommendations from the CIP analysis

Based on the above analysis, a number of recommendations may be made:

Sustain the investments: The pace of increase in CIP investments is felt to be adequate overall, and should continue as it is. Within this, an increase in the GoB share of spending under the utilisation pillar could be considered – currently at just 0.26 USD per 1 USD from DPs.

Stronger integration of cross-cutting themes on nutrition, gender and climate change: Integration is an overarching necessity. Women have key roles spanning across food production, access and utilization. Needs for climate change adaption cut across

___________________________________________________________________________ 251Whilst Table 39 is based on the GoB’s ADP project monitoring data, Annex 3.6a reports the same post-2015 calculation based on project data reported by DPs, at 186 million USD rather than 159 million USD.

programmes under all 3 components of CIP. Spain has partnered with IFAD to jointly fund the Haor Infrastructure and Livelihood Improvement Project under Programmes 1, 2 and 6.

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availability and access. Nutrition should be integrated into availability and access in addition to the stand-alone interventions under the third pillar of the CIP. The large share of the availability pillar in the CIP, at 59%, underscores the need to ensure more effective mainstreaming of nutrition, gender and climate change. Offering the potential for large spill-over benefits for access and utilisation pillars, often integration is about conception, design and execution, rather than resources and project costs.

Enhance capacity to deliver: Government agencies and DPs need to focus on implementation capacities, particularly for the availability and utilization components.

Focus on CIP areas lagging behind: At subprogramme level, some issues have an absence of projects or very limited resources, which could imply a less balanced investment portfolio. Note however that for some programmes and subprogrammes (e.g. Programmes 7 and 11), a lower level of financing is due to the immaterial nature of the investments considered therein.

Review the formulation of new initiatives: The pipeline for the utilisation pillar is small, and so there is a need to investigate whether the existing financed commitments are sufficient to execute all the PoA interventions related to this pillar, subject to considerations of capacity constraints in order to ensure efficient usage of funds. For availability and access most of the reduction in the pipeline occurred in the first year of the CIP, indicating that project formulation has taken momentum thereafter.

Exploit synergies between DP initiatives inside and outside the ADP: DPs with greater emphasis on utilisation in their portfolios outside the ADP should ensure that lessons and experiences are used, wherever possible, to inform GoB activities in the ADP – this is important especially because funding has been scaled up in that pillar.

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8. Overall assessment and recommendations

The National Food Policy (NFP) provides strategic guidance for achieving food and nutrition security. The NFP Plan of Action (PoA) translates this into 26 Areas of Intervention (AoI) for the period 2008 to 2015. The Bangladesh Country Investment Plan: A road map towards investment in agriculture, food security and nutrition (CIP) identifies 12 investment programmes to ensure implementation of the PoA. Implementation mechanisms and responsibilities across Government are specified in the NFP PoA Section I.4 and Part II, respectively. 8.1 Overall assessment

Good achievements but recent mixed signals Progress towards the NFP goal is measured using overall undernourishment, child underweight and child stunting. Nearly 17% of the population is undernourished, 36% of children are underweight and 41% of children are stunted. The target set for undernourishment has been met, underweight is on track and stunting might well reach, or come close to, its target. This positive prognosis presumes that what happened in the past will happen in the future at the same rate. Recent data gives mixed signals and reasons for concern about maintaining the rate of progress. Having met its target, undernourishment has risen slowly, albeit with a slight decline towards the monitored year. Other signals on core drivers of change, include slowdowns in agricultural growth, rice-wage growth and forecasted GDP growth, all of which are positive but lower than previous years. This is combined with a lower share of social protection spending in GDP, and planned decline in real spending on safety nets, the main public protection against short-run slowdowns in progress. Anti-poverty spending, a broader concept to social protection, including infrastructure and other pro-growth investments, also has declined as a share of total government spending since 2008/9. Banking on past successes in food availability, with few new successes The growth of agricultural GDP slowed down significantly, but rice import became insignificant, and instability in rice production declined. No significant progress in food production diversification was detected. Development of new crop varieties accelerated; however farmer’s training and capacities has not improved. Growth of cereal production slowed down although rice productivity increased. Irrigated area continued expanding and the share of irrigation on rice production cost share declined. Groundwater table depth reduced in 2011 contrary to the trend. As share of value added to agriculture GDP, the fisheries sector increased by nearly 0.6 percentage points and the livestock sector remained unchanged. Finally, poultry deaths due to avian influenza dropped markedly. Food access: quantity needed with quality, diversity and stability Whilst millions remain unable to access adequate quantities of food, the trend is that more and more people can access greater amounts of food – so that quality, diversity and stability of food supply receive increasing attention. Rural wages have increased, and can buy more rice. Poverty continued to decline until 2010, the last household survey year. Given continued economic growth, poverty has likely declined further in recent years. An Extreme

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Poverty Manifesto was launched. Food access remains of concern with economic inequality remaining largely unchallenged, a youthful population requiring many more decent jobs, and annual instability in food access for millions. Newer risks have emerged from rapid urbanization, climate change and global economic integration, including migration. The country is increasingly exposed to natural calamities and catastrophes. A comprehensive social protection strategy and its implementation have become priority in order to help organise protective and promotional responses to these challenges. Address stunting and ensure safe and sustainable diets At 41%, the prevalence of stunting of under-5 year olds is very high, despite the significant progress registered over the last two decades. In the poorest fifth of the population, child stunting is at 54%: every other child. Keeping children well-nourished during the first 1000 days prevents irreversible damage that can put at risk longer-term objectives in economic development, poverty reduction and human development. Exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months - one of the key factors in addressing chronic malnutrition- increased from 43% in 2007/8 to 64% in 2011/12, helped in part by 6 months paid maternity leave. Prevalence of anaemia has declined for both mothers and children. Progress in these indicators is expected to have positive impacts on prevalence of stunting in the coming years. Sustaining progress also requires improved maternal nutrition and care, and appropriate and timely infant and young child feeding. The increasing attention to food safety and quality can improve nutrition status for both children and adults. Significant improvement in dietary diversification has been observed especially in urban areas. This needs to be sustained, while the emerging double burden of malnutrition calls for increasing attention to both insufficient and excessive caloric intakes. Despite widespread recognition, progress remains limited in integrating nutrition with agriculture, health, education and other relevant sectors, with too many interventions still implemented in silos. Growing CIP signals sustained financing for food and nutrition security The CIP as of 30 June 2012 was a 9.8 billion USD investment mechanism, having grown by 2.0 billion USD since it was initiated on 1 July 2010, reflecting sustained dynamics in the formulation of new initiatives. The CIP growth was achieved at a time when the overall fiscal space for food and nutrition security investments shrunk to its lowest since the start of PoA implementation, in terms of the share of NFP partner ministries and divisions in the Government’s total budget. Food availability takes 56% of the CIP, food access takes 39% and utilisation takes 6%.

Two years into its five years, additional financing mobilized stands at 3.3 billion USD, of which 1.7 billion USD was mobilized in FY 2011/12. Of the total 9.8 billion CIP 2013 budget, 6.2 billion USD or 63% has already been financed. As of 30 June 2012, there were 307 financed projects, up from 159 projects, totalling 2.9 billion USD at the start. The pipeline reduced by 27% from 4.9 billion USD to 3.6 billion USD.

As a co-financing mechanism, the GoB has invested 1.65 dollars for every dollar invested by DPs – 3,859 million USD from the GoB and 2,338 million USD from DPs.

DPs have invested into food and nutrition security 2,669 million USD inside the CIP compared to 762 million USD outside the CIP, and have indicated the possibility to invest an additional 1,792 million USD.

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Delivery over the first two years stands at 1,662 million USD. Lowest execution has been in the utilisation component at 10%, followed by the availability component at 20% and the access component at 39%. At these rates, full delivery of funds allocated under the utilization component would require 15 years beyond June 2015; under the availability component 3 years beyond June 2015; whereas the access component could be completed within June 2015.

8.2 Recommendations

NFP Objective 1: Availability Considering the population growth rate, rice productivity should increase by at least 1.5% per year through intensification. Faster yield growth would allow release of land and other resources required for diversification, while preserving self-sufficiency in rice. More fallow land needs to be brought under cultivation in coastal areas through strategies for reducing salinity and technologies for developing saline tolerant varieties. Scaling up agricultural diversification is required through availability and dissemination of improved technologies and extension services. Increased fragmentation of land holding calls for increasing efforts to integrate small and marginal farmers. Climate change adaptation requires investment in agricultural research and extension with an emphasis on development and diffusion of stress resistant crop varieties. Agricultural extension must be improved through strengthening the capacity of organizations that deliver extension services. Irrigation area as well as water use efficiency should be increased, while dependency on groundwater needs to be reduced. Emphasis should be on ensuring adequate feed supply, cross-breeding of imported and local animals, improving the breeding of goat, One Stop Extension Service, supply chain management, development of family level small scale livestock farming, and protecting livestock from various diseases including avian flu, amongst other actions. For conservation of the natural resource base, existing policies need to be updated giving due attention to implementation. Agricultural mechanization is key to cope with the challenges of scarce manpower and labour. Supply of improved seeds in 2011/12 increased for rice, wheat, potato and pulses, while for maize it decreased. A new seed multiplication centre opened in the south. Supply in 2011/12 of urea and MoP decreased. Yields of wheat and maize increased faster than for rice. Agricultural credit distribution expanded by almost 8% in 2011/12 compared to that of 2010/11. Programme 1 on sustainable and diversified agriculture through research and extension

Focus on coordinated, demand-driven and integrated research; Allocate a larger budget for agricultural research; Strengthen human, physical and institutional capacities of key research institutions; Strengthen linkages among research, extension, education and farmers; Strengthen the One Stop Service Centre; Increase farmers’ participation and use of ICT in extension services; Increase the number and efficiency of extension workers.

Programme 2 on improved water management and infrastructure for irrigation purposes

Enhance river water flow by dredging of rivers and signing the Water Share Treaty; Scale up efforts to promote sustainable and efficient use of groundwater for irrigation;

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Enhance availability and use of surface water; Make available arsenic free groundwater for irrigation; Control flood and river erosion; Reduce salinity and its impact in the South.

Programme 3 on improved quality of inputs

Strengthen production and distribution of quality seed, including strengthening relevant agencies and departments, notably the Seed Certification Agency and BADC, and promoting voluntary certifications; Move from rebalancing fertilizer use to promoting fertilizer quality; Use of Urea Super Granule (USG) and deep placement technology; Improve pest management; Reintroduce crop insurance as a potential risk management strategy.

Programme 4 on fisheries and aquaculture development

Increase productivity; Enhance extension and training; Strengthen the Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute; Minimize the impacts of shrimp culture on soil quality and biodiversity; Utilize of roadside canals and ditches for increasing fish production; Promote alternate rice-fish farming system; Effectively manage open water fisheries resources.

Programme 5 on livestock development, with a focus on poultry and dairy production

Ensure supply of quality and safe feed and fodder; Diversify supply and monitor private sector production and marketing of vaccines; Initiate properly funded and monitored cross breeding and selective breeding programmes; Improve the productivity of goats; Improve bio-security in poultry farms and the marketing chain; Scale up budget allocation in the livestock sector; Improve marketing of livestock and livestock products and development of the value chain.

NFP Objective 2: Access Safety nets programmes can be further integrated with construction, repair and maintenance of rural transportation infrastructure and other asset creation activities. While there has been notable progress in grain storage facilities, little progress has been made in cold storage facilities at farms and transport vehicles to increase the market value of perishable foods which will ultimately improve farmer prices and farm-gate bargaining power. Transport to bring goods to markets needs to be strengthened, including expanding the road network and its quality, and water transport in Hoars and other areas lacking proper road networks. Further investment is needed in promoting public private partnerships to develop adequate storage, processing and value addition, and waste reduction initiatives. The difference between wages earned by men and women remains quite high. The need for information systems for stock-level monitoring and early warning should be given more attention, especially given the country’s vulnerability to food price

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hikes. While safety nets are intended to mainly help the poor and vulnerable through food and cash based programmes, errors of inclusion and exclusion, including leakages during transfer of benefits still prevent the very poor from accessing their full entitlement. Despite the strong decline in poverty incidence and also the substantial decline in the depth of poverty, over 47 million people are still poor. There has not been any appreciable improvement in income inequality which restricts the share of the poor in economic growth. Plans are underway with development partners to implement projects that strengthen the administration of safety net programmes, and the overall utilisation of foreign aid to improve public delivery and livelihood outcomes. Programme 6 on improved access to markets, value addition in agriculture and to non- farm incomes

Sustain development and maintenance of rural transportation and marketing infrastructures;

Integrate rural infrastructure development with safety net programmes; Promote the development of cold storage and transportation, allowing duty free

import of required equipment; Develop processing and reducing wastage, also through public-private partnership; Technical skill development and strengthening of mechanization of agricultural

activities; Promote farmers’ organizations in marketing of farm products to ensure

remunerative prices for farmers; Reduce wage differentials between men and women in agriculture.

Programme 7 on strengthened capacities for implementation and monitoring of the NFP and CIP actions

Increase efforts to scale up and strengthen implementation capacities; Increase efforts to institutionalise the annual monitoring process; Enhance aid effectiveness by improving reporting of consistent and accurate data; Strengthen capacities for engaging civil society and community based organisations

in the CIP; Build necessary capacity to increase coordination and quality of food security

information systems. Programme 8 on enhanced public food management

Expedite the construction of enhanced public storage facilities and capacities for safe and effective grain storage;

Ensure incentive producer prices through improved modalities of domestic procurement in a cost-effective manner;

Develop mechanisms for estimating private stock for effective food planning and management;

Introduce country-wide computerized food stock monitoring; Develop an effective early warning food information system.

Programme 9 on institutional development and capacity development for more effective safety nets

Simplify targeting criteria and reduce leakages;

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Finalise the National Social Protection Strategy; Enhance capacity to implement safety nets; Adjust safety net interventions to enhance resilience to climate change; Enhance safety nets operations during lean seasons; Integrate graduation strategies into safety net programmes; Design social protection interventions to support migration.

NFP Objective 3: Utilization and nutrition Dietary diversification, nutrition behaviour change, infant and young child feeding, and food hygiene and sanitation should remain priorities. Anaemia has reduced, although deficiencies in iron, zinc - and vitamin A at subclinical levels – need to be tackled through food fortification, behaviour change and micronutrient supplementation. Quality assurance of iodized salt and cost reduction require attention, along with universal usage. National nutrition services should be strengthened with community based mechanisms and links with multiple sectors. Harmonization of indicators in nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive interventions is necessary. The existing governance and institutional arrangements should be strengthened to maximize coordination across sectors. Improvement of food safety, quality and control requires further attention, and the priorities are an independent Food Safety Authority and the enactment and enforcement of the Food Safety Act. Water and sanitation projects need further scaling up to achieve universal coverage and access. Programme 10 on community based nutrition programmes and services

Scale up the implementation of appropriate infant and young child feeding; Strengthen biodiversity for healthy diets and nutrition; Promote school feeding and nutrition gardens; Ensure implementation of the Breast Milk Substitutes code; Revitalize the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI); Strengthen fortification initiatives and the National Fortification Alliance.

Programme 11 on orienting food and nutrition programmes through data

Maximize impacts on nutrition through appropriate formulation and monitoring of nutrition specific interventions;

Promote convergence among information systems; Institutionalize food security and nutrition surveillance; Use evidence from research for promoting BCC programmes; Promote food based dietary guidelines to inform policies and actions.

Programme 12 on food safety and quality improvement

Activate CODEX focal point and ensure compliance to standards; Finalize and enact the new Food Safety Act, 2013; Seek approval of the National Food Safety and Quality Policy and National Food

Safety Emergency Plan; Promote effective utilization of national food safety testing laboratories; Scale up safe healthy street food vending.

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Annexes

Annex 1. Comparison of the CIP and PoA output monitoring indicators Annex 2. Composition of Thematic Teams Annex 3. Cost and financing of the CIP - Annex 3.1 CIP Budget Revisions - Annex 3.2 Number and average budget of projects in CIP 2013 by subprogramme - Annex 3.3 CIP budget 2013 and delivery in FY 2011/12 by subprogramme - Annex 3.4 Ongoing and completed CIP projects as of June 2012 - Annex 3.5 Projects in the CIP pipeline as of June 2012 - Annex 3.6 Development partners contributions -

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Annex 1. Comparison of the CIP and PoA output monitoring indicators This annex shows the correspondence between CIP programmes and NFP PoA Areas of Interventions and the indicators used to monitor performance at output level. A few indicators have been refined, e.g. the coefficient of variation of rice production over the last 10 years has been taken rather than the variability of foodgrain production, or adjusted slightly for data availability reasons.

AVAILABILITY ACCESS

UTILISATION

CIP Programme title and expected aggregate output

Corresponding NFP PoA Area of Intervention

PROGRAMME 1 Sustainable and diversified agriculture through integrated research and extension: Productivity is enhanced, food production is diversified and resilience to climate change is increased through effective generation and propagation of sustainable technical solutions

1.1. Agricultural research and extension: Demand-driven crop and non-crop new technologies developed and disseminated; demand led and pro-poor extension service expanded

1.9. Early Warning Development: Well functioning domestic Early Warning System established and integrated/coordinated with Global Early Warning System

2.1. Agricultural Disaster Management: Enhanced disaster preparedness and post disaster rehabilitation in agricultural systems

CIP Programme title and expected aggregate output

Corresponding NFP PoA Area of Intervention

PROGRAMME 2 Improved Water Management and Infrastructure for Irrigation

1.2 Use and management of water resources: Increased irrigation coverage; Improved delivery and efficient use of safe irrigation

CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators

No. of improved new rice varieties developed by GoB agencies No. of new non-rice varieties developed

Wheat Maize

Potato Pulses

Vegetables Edible Oilseeds

Fruits No. of farmers trained on sustainable agriculture practices by DAE

Share of rice on total cropped land, %

HYV rice area as % total rice area (excluding boro hybrid)

Annual change in major crops' production, %

Rice

Wheat

Maize Potato Pulses Brinjal

Pumpkin Beans

Lal Shak Edible Oilseeds

Banana Guava

Mango Pineapple

Jackfruit

CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators

% of cropped area under irrigation Water table depth in Northern region, average yearly change over last 20 years (cm/year)

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Purposes: Sustainable and efficient water management is ensured for responding to farmer needs

water; reduced dependency on groundwater; reduced cost

Water table depth in Northern region, average yearly change over last 3 years (cm/year) Surface water irrigation area as % of total irrigation area

Irrigation cost per acre as % of total boro production cost

CIP Programme title and expected aggregate output

Corresponding NFP PoA Area of Intervention

CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators

PROGRAMME 3 Improved quality of input and soil fertility: Access to quality inputs is improved and soil fertility is enhanced.

1.3. Supply and sustainable use of agricultural inputs: Increased supply of quality crop seeds; increased supply of quality seeds and feeds for fish and poultry farming; Timely supply and balance use of fertilizer ensured; agricultural machines and implements available at affordable prices; Strengthened IPM and ICM; increased efficiency and sustainability of agricultural land use; Agricultural land use for non-agricultural purposes effectively regulated

Annual change in improved rice, wheat and maize seeds production, %

Improved seeds supply (BADC, DAE and private companies) as % agronomic requirements

Rice

Wheat

Maize

Potato

Pulses

Vegetables

Edible Oilseeds Supply of urea as % of estimated requirements Supply of TSP as % of estimated requirements

1.5. Agricultural credit and insurance: Increased formal credit to agriculture, to small and marginal farmers; assured coverage of financial loss due to failure of crops, livestock and fish production

Supply of MoP as % of estimated requirements Change in crop yields (moving average over 3 previous years), %

Rice

Wheat

Maize

Potato

Pulses

Brinjal

Pumpkin

Beans

Lal Shak

Edible Oilseeds (Til, Rape & Mustard, Groundnut and

Soya bean) Banana

Guava

Mango

Pineapple Jackfruit

Agricultural credit disbursement

billion taka

% of target

140

CIP Programme title and expected aggregate output

Corresponding NFP PoA Area of Intervention

CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators

PROGRAMME 4 Fisheries & aquaculture development: Sustainable increase of fishery production through improved technology and natural resources management

1.4. Agricultural diversification: Increased production of high value crops; Increased production of fish and livestock

GDP from fishery sector as % of agriculture GDP (excluding forest), at constant price 1995-1996

Annual change in national fish production, %

CIP Programme title and

expected aggregate output Corresponding NFP PoA Area of

Intervention CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators

PROGRAMME 5 Livestock Development, with a focus on poultry and dairy production: Sustainable increase of livestock production is developed through improved technology, better animal health and resilient management practices.

1.4. Agricultural diversification: Increased production of high value crops; Increased production of fish and livestock

GDP from livestock sector as % of agricultural GDP (excluding forest, at constant price 1995-96) Total production (quantity) of

Eggs (million)

Milk (million MT)

Meat (million MT) Annual change in artificial insemination, % Annual change in number of poultry deaths due to avian flu, %

CIP Programme title and

expected aggregate output Corresponding NFP PoA Area of

Intervention CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators

PROGRAMME 6 Improved access to markets, value-addition in agriculture, and to non-farm incomes: Value chains are developed contributing to better access to food and increased rural incomes.

1.6. Physical Market infrastructure development: Improving private storage, market and transportation facilities, improving market connectivity at local, national and international levels

Difference between farm gate and retail price of selected goods as % of farmgate

Coarse rice

1.7. Agricultural Marketing and Trade: Reduced marketing costs of agricultural products; strengthened market integration

Lentil

Onion

1.8. Policy/Regulatory Environment: Updated legislation regulating food markets enacted and enforced

Brinjal

Potato

2.3 Enabling Environment of Private Food trade and stocks: Enabling Environment of Private Food trade and stocks

Difference between dealers’ and farmers’ prices of fertilizers as % dealers price

Urea

TSP 2.5. Income generation for rural women and disabled people: Enhancing participation of women and disabled people in rural agricultural and other rural activities

MoP

No. of growth centres, rural markets, women market centres, and Union Parishad Complexes developed by LGED

2.6. Agrobased/ Agroprocessing MSMEs Development: Increased growth of agro-based /agro-processing and MSMEs

Wage differential between male and female in agriculture, %

Real GDP growth of small scale manufacturing, %

Number of students enrolled inTechnical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions

2.7. Market driven education, skills and human development: People's

Ratio of TVET students in year t to secondary and higher secondary

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skills developed based on domestic and international market requirements

school enrolment in year t-1, %

CIP Programme title and expected aggregate output

Corresponding NFP PoA Area of Intervention

CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators

PROGRAMME 7 Strengthened capacities for implementation and monitoring of NFP and CIP actions: National capacities to design, implement and monitor NFP PoA and investment operations are strengthened

Additional resources mobilized for CIP, USD

Increase in number and value of ongoing projects

CIP available budget execution performance175

CIP Monitoring Reports produced

CIP Programme title and

expected aggregate output Corresponding NFP PoA Area of

Intervention CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators

PROGRAMME 8 Enhanced Public Food Management Systems: Enhanced efficiency and effectiveness of Public Food Management Systems

1.10. Producer price support: Enhanced effectiveness of public procurement system; producer effectively supported during post-harvest

Effective grain storage capacity atclose of fiscal year, thousand MT Average use of effective Governmentfoodgrain storage capacity, % Actual procurement, thousand MT Achievement of public boroprocurement target, %

1.11. Public Stock Management/ Price stabilization: Improved public stock management and enhanced effectiveness of OMS

Wholesale price during the boroprocurement period as % of boro per unit cost production Opening stock as % of budget target Quantity of rice distributed through OMS as % of total domestic supply

CIP Programme title and

expected aggregate output Corresponding NFP PoA Area of

Intervention CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators

PROGRAMME 9 Institutional Development and Capacity Development for more effective safety nets: Effectiveness and targeting of social safety net programmes are improved through strengthened institutional capacities to design and implement them.

2.2. Emergency Food Distribution from Public stocks: Improved coverage and effectiveness of emergency distribution programmes

Budgeted coverage of VGF and VGD, million cards

VGF (lakh person)

VGD (lakh person month)

2.4. Effectiveness of targeted food based programmes and safety nets: Improved coverage of vulnerable and disadvantaged people and areas, improved targeting, reduced leakage, enhanced adequacy to vulnerable people's needs

Safety net programmes expenditure as % of GDP Budgeted coverage of employment generation program for the poor, million person month

Quantity of VGF and GR distributed,MT

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CIP Programme title and

expected aggregate output Corresponding NFP PoA Area of

Intervention CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators

PROGRAMME 10 Community based nutrition programmes and services: Nutrition and health are improved at community level through integrated short and long term interventions.

3.2 Balanced and nutritious food for vulnerable people: Increased availability through local production of low cost foods for balanced nutrition; Poor, distressed and vulnerable women and children (including those from monga areas) effectively covered by food based nutrition programmes and growth monitoring and promotion (GMP) programmes.

Proportion of infants under six months exclusively breastfed, %

Poor households raising home gardening and backyard poultry, %

3.3 Nutrition education on dietary diversification: Increased % of women educated in nutrition and primary health care activities through formal and non-formal education; Increased home gardening and backyard poultry raising activities by poor households

% of total dietary energy supply for consumption from:

Cereal

3.4 Food supplementation and fortification: Increased coverage of Vitamin A, coverage and compliance of iron-folate supplementation and coverage of HH with adequately iodized salt; Increased coverage of food items for fortification with important micronutrients, e.g. vitamin A, iron and zinc

Sugar and sweeteners

Oil and oil crops

Roots and tubers

3.7 Women and children health: Improved child and mother health; Improved adolescents’ and women’s general health; Reduced neonatal (NMR); Infant (IMR), child (CMR) and maternal (MMR) mortality rates; Reduced total fertility rate (TFR)

Pulses

Fruits and vegetables

Meat, fish, eggs and milkOthers (includes stimulants, spices,

alcoholic beverages, offal, animal fats, aquatic products and miscellaneous)

3.8 Protection and promotion of breastfeeding and complementary feeding: Strengthened exclusive breastfeeding practices; Expanded practice of breastfeeding; Ensured safe and nutritious complementary feeding; Strengthened baby-friendly hospital initiative; Increased maternity leave, particularly post-partum; BMS Codes respected by the breast milk substitutes marketers

Prevalence of global acute malnutrition among children < 5 years < -2SD, %

Prevalence of severe acute malnutrition among children < 5 years < -3SD, %

Proportion of women ANC coverage of at least 4 visits, %

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CIP Programme tle and

expected aggregate output Corresponding NFP PoA Area of

Interven on CIP/NFP PoA output proxy indicators

PROGRAMME 11 Orient food and nutrition programmes through data: Effective information supports planning, monitoring and evaluation of food security policies and interventions.

3.1. Long term planning for balanced food: Long-term targets for physical growth established; Standard food intake established for different population groups; integrated plan for a aining standard food intake targets established

Number of mass media activities for Behavioural change communication Desirable Dietary Pa ern established and updated Food Composition Tables updated

Food security and nutrition databases/ surveillance systems

CIP Programme tle and

expected aggregate output Corresponding NFP PoA Area of

Interven on

PROGRAMME 12 Food Safety and Quality Improvement: National food safety control management, and food borne illness surveillance services are strengthened

3.5. Safe drinking water and improved sanitation: Safe water and sanitation facilities available and accessible for all by 2010

No. of compulsory food items standardized by BSTI Prevalence of diarrhoea in under-5 children (in two week period), %

3.6 Safe, quality food supply: Enhanced access to safe and quality food, for domestic consumption and also for international trade

Proportion of population served with safe water supply for domestic use, %

Proportion of population having access to safe drinking water in arsenic affected areas, %

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Annex 2. Composi on of Thema c Teams

TT

Agency T

hem

atic

Tea

m A

: fo

od a

vail

abil

ity

1 Food Planning & Monitoring Unit (FPMU), Ministry of Food 2 Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation (BCIC), Ministry of Industry 3 Ministry of Agriculture4 Ministry of Food 5 Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock6 Ministry of Water Resources 7-8 Food Planning & Monitoring Unit (FPMU), Ministry of Food 9-10 National Food Policy Capacity Strengthening Programme-FAO

Th

emat

ic T

eam

B:

food

acc

ess

11 Food Planning & Monitoring Unit (FPMU), Ministry of Food 12 Ministry of Disaster Management and Relief 13 Ministry of Social Welfare 14 Local Government Division, Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development & Cooperatives 15 Rural Development Cooperatives Division, Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development & Cooperatives 16-17 Food Planning & Monitoring Unit (FPMU), Ministry of Food 18-19 National Food Policy Capacity Strengthening Programme-FAO

Th

emat

ic T

eam

C:

food

uti

liza

tion

20 Food Planning & Monitoring Unit (FPMU), Ministry of Food 21 Ministry of Primary and Mass Education 22 Institute of Public Health and Nutrition, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare 23 Ministry of Women and Children Affairs24 Local Government Division, Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development & Cooperatives 25-26 Food Planning & Monitoring Unit (FPMU), Ministry of Food 27 National Food Policy Capacity Strengthening Programme-FAO

Th

emat

ic T

eam

D:

dat

a ex

chan

ge

28 Food Planning Monitoring Unit (FPMU), Ministry of Food 29 Department of Agriculture Extension, Ministry of Agriculture 30 Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics 31 Department of Agriculture Marketing, Ministry of Agriculture 32 Directorate General of Food, Ministry of Food 33 Implementation Monitoring and Evaluation Division, Ministry of Planning 34 Finance Division, Ministry of Finance 35-36 Food Planning & Monitoring Unit (FPMU), Ministry of Food 37-38 National Food Policy Capacity Strengthening Programme-FAO

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Annex 3. Cost and financing of the CIP

This annex provides the background data and tables used to estimate the CIP budget. The Term ‘project’ is used to describe ongoing and planned investment interventions. Virtually all funds provided by Government projects are included in the Annual Development Plan. In turn, part of the DP contribution is channelled through projects included in the ADP, while another part is channelled outside of the ADP, e.g. when DPs fund NGOs, international organizations or private contractors directly to implement projects. The CIP relates to projects in the ADP only but as part of the monitoring exercise, funding and commitments provided by the DPs outside the CIP are also monitored based on DPs reporting. This data was used in the analysis presented in Chapter 7.

The annex is divided into six sections: - Annex 3.1 shows the effect of backward revisions to the CIP Budgets. In particular,

Annex 3.1.a shows the effect of backward revisions on the original budget (CIP 2011), while Annex 3.1.b shows the effect of the backward revisions on the CIP budget updated after one year of implementation (CIP 2012). The CIP 2011 is the baseline CIP at its inception. It includes projects to be implemented during 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2015, using data as of 30 June 2010. Annex 3.1.a shows the effect of backward revisions undertaken in 2012 and 2013. The baseline CIP was revised backwards from a total of 7,834 million USD to 8,194 USD in 2012 and to 7,790 million USD in 2013. Annex 3.1.b shows the effect of the backward revisions on the CIP 2012. The CIP 2012 is the CIP budget produced as part of the monitoring exercise conducted in 2012 after completion of the first year of implementation. It includes projects to be implemented during 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2015, using data as of 30 June 2011. Annex 3.1.b shows the effect of backward revisions undertaken in 2013. The CIP 2012 was revised backwards from a total of 9,141 million USD to 8,153 million USD.

- Annex 3.2 shows the priority ranking assigned by the Government to each subprogramme based on the consultation (top, high, medium and low priorities, as explained in Section 7.2) and, separately for ongoing or financed activities and for those still in pipeline, the number of projects and their average budget in CIP 2013.

- Annex 3.3 summarizes by CIP component, programme and subprogrammes, the budget for completed, ongoing and pipeline projects, and total delivery up to June 2012.

- Annex 3.4 lists by CIP component, programme and subprogramme, completed and ongoing projects in the CIP (updating Annex 4.5 of original CIP) providing details on previous and current status of the project, title, implementing agency, beginning and ending period, budget, delivery during the last fiscal year, total delivery and funding DP, if any.

- Annex 3.5 lists by CIP component, programme and subprogramme, projects in the pipeline, their status in previous versions of the CIP, and fund requirements.

- Annex 3.6 summarizes information on financing obtained from the DPs. In particular: Annex 3.6a reports DPs’ financing to completed and ongoing projects through the ADP.

Annex 3.6b reports DPs’ financing to completed and ongoing projects outside the ADP. Annex 3.6c reports DPs’ possible future contribution within or outside the ADP.

For the CIP financing, the monitoring report maintains account a fixed exchange rate of 69.5 BDT per USD, which was prevailing when the CIP was originally formulated. Other currencies (e.g. DPs’ contributions) were converted to USD at the actual rate at the moment of

146

disbursement or at the rate provided by the respective DPs: the respective exchange rates have been made constant, too, and then the amounts converted to BDT. The choice of such exchange rate is further motivated by the fact that the main source for the inventory of projects relevant to CIP is the ADP book, for which an exchange rate is not available, but probably has used an exchange rate prior to the more significant devaluation. Why the CIP budget is revised each year Monitoring investments on food security under the Country Investment Plan is a demanding exercise involving directly and indirectly around 60 governmental agencies and more than 20 development partners, including bilateral and multilateral donors and other funding agencies. With each successive Monitoring Report, FPMU has accessed a wider set of data sources to increase its data collection and accuracy; refined definitions used to classify projects by programme and subprogramme, and by status; strengthened systems for managing data; and improved methodology for analysing and summarising the data. All of these factors have contributed to why the CIP budget has been revised backwards, analysed with some slight differences, and presented with some new features. The purpose of these enhancements has been to enable the monitoring process to provide a picture closer to the complex reality, increase transparency of the process for all stakeholders (within and outside GoB) and support sustainability by simplifying the process. A summary of the revisions produced (for total and pipeline budgets) is provided in Table 40. The table refers by column to the reference year for the budget and by row the year and source in which the revision was published. Table 40: Overview of CIP budget revisions - total and pipeline (million USD)

CIP Budget

Revision

CIP Budget 2011 (details in Annex 3.1.a)

CIP Budget 2012 (details in Annex 3.1.b)

CIP Budget 2013

Total Pipeline Total Pipeline Total Pipeline

CIP (June 2011) 7,834 5,061 - - - -

Monitoring Report 2012 8,194 5,128 9,141 3,906 - -

Monitoring Report 2013 (details in Table 31)

7,790 4,922 8,153 3,669 9,777 3,581

As the monitoring process consolidated, there has been greater use of published GoB sources, especially from the Ministry of Finance, IMED and the Programming Division of the Ministry of Planning. These have been used to complement, validate and support information obtained from direct consultations with key NFP partner ministries and divisions. In the initial stages of CIP formulation, the emphasis was on the identification of new initiatives and plans, but with gradual institutionalization of the CIP process, improved access to data and alignment of Government ministries and divisions to the CIP, the focus has shifted to stock-taking of actual changes in interventions and planning.

147

Some of the main changes are: - The financed budget now reflects only projects that have received funding, and for

which implementation started by 1 July 2010 or for which implementation was completed after 1 July 2010. Previously this category included projects for which a credible pledge had been identified, and now such projects are placed in the pipeline.

- The pipeline reflects more accurately actual identification/formulation of projects. This has been traced back to the original CIP to avoid duplication between preliminary ideas for intervention and actual formulation of initiatives awaiting financing. The pipeline is closely constructed from the Green Pages of the published ADP book and from information received from partner ministries and divisions. Changes in project statuses were tracked closely to identify projects that left the pipeline to become ongoing, and projects that were dropped from the pipeline.

- The budget now reflects more accurately the level of initiative already undertaken (as the financed budget for completed or ongoing projects) and the level of initiatives being formulated and awaiting financing or finalization of the financing agreements (as part of the pipeline).

- Some projects continue after the CIP ends. The CIP budget has been revised to exclude on a pro-rata basis the portion of the budgets of these projects that will be implemented beyond 30 June 2015, the end date of the CIP.

- Few projects relevant to the CIP were previously not included because they were operational since before 1 July 2010, the start of the CIP. More of these have been identified and included, with their project costs taken on a pro-rata basis only for the period of implementation after 1 July 2010.

- A few duplicate projects across pipeline and financed categories and within the pipeline have been identified and eliminated.

- Some projects contribute to several CIP subprogrammes. Previously these projects costs were disaggregated using figurative percentages in the hope of maintaining an accurate picture at subprogramme level. However given a lack of accurate disaggregated project data, this idea has been dropped as it contributes to a risk of duplication and/or inconsistent methodology. Projects are now classified under one single subprogramme, the most relevant to the interventions of the project, and as per indication of the coordinating agency.

148

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3 Im

prov

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inp

ut a

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oil f

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343

28

83

111

232

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122

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187

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190

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3

149

Ann

ex 3

.1b:

Ori

gina

l and

rev

ised

CIP

bud

get 2

012

(mill

ion

USD

)

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get 2

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sed

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et 2

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prog

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tal

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+E

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on

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100

389

38

198

235

154

125

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tal

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287

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719

8,15

3 3,

130

1,35

4 4,

484

3,66

9 2,

565

150

Annex 3.2. Number and average budget of projects in CIP 2013 by subprogramme

CIP programme Subprogrammes

Prio

rity

ra

nkin

g Number of projects (as of June 2012)

Average budget (million USD, as of June 2012)

Completed Ongoing Pipeline Completed Ongoing Pipeline

Ava

ilabi

lity

1

Sust

aina

ble

and

dive

rsifi

ed

agri

cult

ure

1.1

Enhance research & knowledge generation and adoption to increase agricultural productivity and diversity in a sustainable manner

H 4 28 2 0.5 5.1 12.2

1.2

Improve extension services to propagate knowledge & practices, supported by community-based experimentation & learning and indigenous knowledge

H 7 24 12 3.9 7.7 20.4

1.3 Promote the development of responses to adapt agricultural systems to climate change

T 0 4 13 NA 39.4 42.4

TOTAL 11 56 27 2.7 8.7 30.4

2

Impr

oved

wat

er

man

agem

ent

2.1 Improve water management in water distribution systems and at farm level

M 3 11 4 6.2 30.2 7.2

2.2 Improve & increase efficiency of surface water irrigation, in particular in the south

H 4 25 11 5.5 22.6 26.0

2.3 Reduce impact of saline water intrusion in the South

H 0 1 0 NA 45.4 NA

2.4 Enhance river water flow to the South T 1 9 0 0.2 83.1 NA TOTAL 8 46 15 5.1 36.7 21.0

3

Impr

oved

qua

lity

of i

nput

and

so

il fe

rtilit

y

3.1 Enhance availability of agricultural inputs, tested and certified for quality of diversified crops

H 7 13 8 4.3 75.5 124.7

3.2 Develop public private partnerships through capacity development

T 0 2 3 NA 20.0 21.4

3.3 Improve and increase sustainability of soil fertility management

H 3 1 2 1.1 9.4 3.7

3.4 Facilitate access to credit and other financial services by smallholders and the rural poor

T 0 0 1 NA NA 20.0

TOTAL 10 16 14 3.3 64.4 77.8

4

Fish

erie

s an

d aq

uacu

ltur

e D

evel

opm

ent

4.1 Develop small scale aquaculture, through access to quality inputs, advice and skills

H 1 6 3 0.8 3.2 16.9

4.2 Improve management of fisheries resources H 2 17 11 2.2 8.8 22.8

4.3 Develop public private partnerships in support of infrastructure and services development

M 0 0 0 NA NA NA

4.4

Promote production in the South through sustainable shrimp and prawn development and community based co management of wetlands

L 0 1 2 NA 5.2 6.1

TOTAL 3 24 16 1.7 7.2 19.6

5

Live

stoc

k de

velo

pmen

t 5.1 Strengthen animal health services, including be er diagnosis and surveillance systems to mitigate disease outbreaks

M 0 5 2 NA 4.7 4.2

5.2 Strengthen husbandry capacity at household level through community based improved knowledge and advisory services

H 1 3 4 0.1 4.0 26.0

5.3 Improve availability and quality of inputs through public private partnerships

H 0 0 2 NA NA 12.0

5.4 Research on livestock development, including genetic improvement

L 2 5 2 7.2 4.0 1.2

TOTAL 3 13 10 4.8 4.2 13.9 Total Food Availability 35 155 82 3.5 22.2 32.6 Share on Food Availability on Total CIP 55.6% 63.5% 64.6%

Acc

ess

6

Impr

oved

acc

ess

to m

arke

ts 6.1

Improve physical access to markets, facilities and information

M 8 21 6 15.9 46.4 117.1

6.2 Mobilize and promote producer & marketing groups for improved market access and knowledge

T 1 2 5 0.6 4.0 2.1

6.3 Develop adequate storage, processing and value addition and reduce waste through public-private partnerships

H 0 0 3 NA NA 15.9

6.4 Promote and assist the development of off farm activities and rural businesses

M 1 3 2 58.9 7.3 28.6

TOTAL 10 26 16 18.6 38.6 51.1

151

CIP programme Subprogrammes

Prio

rity

ra

nkin

g Number of projects (as of June 2012)

Average budget (million USD, as of June 2012)

Completed Ongoing Pipeline Completed Ongoing Pipeline

7

Impl

emen

tati

on

and

mon

itor

ing

of N

FP a

nd C

IP

acti

ons

7.1 Strengthen capacities to implement, monitor and coordinate National Food Policy-Plan of Action and CIP

H 2 1 1 0.2 13.8 6.5

7.2 Strengthen national capacities for design, implementation and monitoring of CIP operations

H 0 1 1 NA 2.7 19.4

7.3 Strengthen capacities of civil society organisations to contribute to CIP development and implementation

H 0 1 1 NA 1.0 21.6

TOTAL 2 3 3 0.2 5.8 15.8

8

Enha

nced

Pub

lic F

ood

Man

agem

ent

Syst

ems 8.1

Enhance efficiency and effectiveness of Public Food Management Systems and improve its impact on price stabilization

T 0 0 1 NA NA 25.0

8.2 Build capacities of Ministry of Food and Disaster Management and Directorate of Food to better manage the food system

T 0 0 1 NA NA 25.0

8.3 Increase and modernize public storage and handling facilities, including in disaster prone areas

H 2 5 4 17.4 28.0 94.9

TOTAL 2 5 6 17.4 28.0 71.6

9

Effecti

ve s

afet

y ne

ts

9.1

Strengthen institutional capacities to effectively operate social safety net programmes and formulate a new integrated strategy for social safety net programmes

T 0 1 2 NA 5.3 37.3

9.2 Investment in employment and income generation of social safety nets (including in ADP)

H 7 21 8 9.2 47.9 21.5

TOTAL 7 22 10 9.2 45.9 24.6 Total Food Access 21 56 35 13.6 38.8 44.0 Share of Food Access on Total CIP 33.3% 23.0% 27.6%

Uti

lizati

on

10

Com

mun

ity

base

d nu

triti

on

10.1 Community based livelihood and nutrition programmes, building on the National Nutrition Service (NNS)

T 2 22 6 36.5 13.0 8.7

10.2

Support community based efforts of homestead gardening, rearing small livestock, aquaculture and awareness building for improved nutrition

H 1 0 0 0.1 NA NA

10.3 Link long term with immediate treatment of acute malnutrition, in particular through therapeutic and supplementary feeding

T 0 1 0 NA 6.5 NA

TOTAL 3 23 6 24.4 12.7 8.7

11

Ori

ent

food

and

nut

riti

on p

rogr

am

thro

ugh

data

11.1 Undertake updated & comprehensive national survey of food consumption & food composition

M 0 1 1 NA 0.9 6.5

11.2

Undertake study of dietary diversification & supplementation needs and advocacy, awareness & educational materials to facilitate behavioral change in eating habits & practices

H 0 1 0 NA 5.9 NA

11.3 Strengthen national capacities in surveying and analysis to facilitate evidence based decisions

M 3 3 0 0.5 3.3 NA

TOTAL 3 5 1 0.5 3.3 6.5

12

Food

Saf

ety

and

Qua

lity

Impr

ovem

ent

12.1 Improve surveillance system of food borne illnesses

M 0 1 1 NA 3.0 12.2

12.2 Develop and enhance capacities of laboratories and systems for food quality assurance and safety and control of food

M 0 1 1 NA 2.0 14.0

12.3 Support the development of a modern food control management system

H 1 3 1 3.1 2.4 1.0

TOTAL 1 5 3 3.1 2.4 9.1 Total Food Utilization 7 33 10 11.1 9.7 8.6 Share of Food Utilization on Total CIP 11.1% 13.5% 7.9% Total CIP 63 244 127 7.7 24.3 33.9

152

Ann

ex 3

.3. C

IP B

udge

t 201

3 an

d de

liver

y in

fisc

al y

ear 2

011/

12 b

y su

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me

Su

bpro

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mes

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Tota

l CIP

Co

mpl

eted

and

ong

oing

pro

ject

s Pi

pelin

e pr

ojec

ts

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iver

y in

201

1/12

MU

SD

%

GoB

D

Ps

Tota

l %

Re

quir

es

%

Prio

rity

G

OB

DPs

To

tal

Availability

1

Sustainable and diversified agriculture

1.1

Enha

nce

rese

arch

& k

now

ledg

e ge

neratio

n an

d ad

optio

n to

incr

ease

agr

icul

tura

l pr

oductiv

ity a

nd d

iver

sity

in a

sus

tain

able

m

anne

r

H

163.

2 1.

7%

94.5

49

.6

144.

2 2.

3%

19.0

0.

5%

13.3

18

.8

8.6

27.4

1.2

Impr

ove

exte

nsio

n se

rvic

es to

pro

paga

te

know

ledg

e &

pra

ctice

s, s

uppo

rted

by

com

mun

ity-b

ased

exp

erim

entatio

n &

le

arni

ng a

nd in

dige

nous

kno

wle

dge

H

431.

8 4.

4%

158.

0 46

.4

204.

5 3.

3%

227.

3 6.

3%

159.

1 28

.9

10.2

39

.1

1.3

Prom

ote

the

deve

lopm

ent o

f res

pons

es to

ad

apt a

gric

ultu

ral s

yste

ms

to c

limat

e ch

ange

T

501.

8 5.

1%

54.3

58

.4

112.

7 1.

8%

389.

1 10

.9%

35

0.2

0.2

1.6

1.9

13

TOTA

L

1,09

6.8

11.2

%

306.

9 15

4.4

461.

3 7.

4%

635.

4 17

.7%

52

2.6

48.0

20

.4

68.4

2

Improved water management

2.1

Impr

ove

wat

er m

anag

emen

t in

wat

er

dist

ribu

tion

syst

ems

and

at fa

rm le

vel

M

337.

9 3.

5%

203.

3 11

3.8

317.

1 5.

1%

20.8

0.

6%

10.4

29

.9

13.0

42

.9

2.2

Impr

ove

& in

crea

se effi

cien

cy o

f sur

face

w

ater

irri

gatio

n, in

partic

ular

in th

e so

uth

H

857.

5 8.

8%

461.

1 12

5.4

586.

5 9.

5%

270.

9 7.

6%

189.

7 43

.7

18.3

62

.0

2.3

Redu

ce im

pact

of s

alin

e w

ater

intr

usio

n in

th

e So

uth

H

45.4

0.

5%

45.4

-

45.4

0.

7%

- 0.

0%

- 9.

3 -

9.3

2.4

Enha

nce

rive

r wat

er fl

ow to

the

Sout

h T

747.

7 7.

6%

723.

4 24

.4

747.

7 12

.1%

-

0.0%

-

35.2

-

35.2

14

TOTA

L

1,98

8.5

20.3

%

1,43

3.2

263.

5 1,

696.

7 27

.4%

29

1.8

8.1%

20

0.1

118.

1 31

.3

149.

4

3

Improved quality of input and soil fertility

3.1

Enha

nce

avai

labi

lity

of a

gric

ultu

ral i

nput

s,

test

ed a

nd c

ertifi

ed fo

r qu

ality

of d

iver

sifie

d cr

ops

H

1,99

7.7

20.4

%

354.

5 64

7.9

1,00

2.4

16.2

%

995.

3 27

.8%

69

6.7

25.3

85

.6

110.

9

3.2

Dev

elop

pub

lic p

riva

te p

artn

ersh

ips

thro

ugh

capa

city

dev

elop

men

t T

86.4

0.

9%

40.0

-

40.0

0.

6%

46.5

1.

3%

41.8

0.

9 -

0.9

3.3

Impr

ove

and

incr

ease

sus

tain

abili

ty o

f soi

l fe

rtilit

y m

anag

emen

t H

20

.0

0.2%

0.

9 11

.7

12.7

0.

2%

7.4

0.2%

5.

2 0.

4 2.

9 3.

3

3.4

Faci

litat

e ac

cess

to c

redi

t and

oth

er

finan

cial

ser

vice

s by

sm

allh

olde

rs a

nd th

e ru

ral p

oor

T 20

.0

0.2%

-

- -

0.0%

20

.0

0.6%

18

.0

- -

-

15

TOTA

L

2,12

4.1

21.7

%

395.

4 65

9.6

1,05

5.0

17.0

%

1,06

9.1

29.9

%

761.

7 26

.5

88.5

11

5.0

153

Su

bpro

gram

mes

Priority ranking

Tota

l CIP

Co

mpl

eted

and

ong

oing

pro

ject

s Pi

pelin

e pr

ojec

ts

Del

iver

y in

201

1/12

MU

SD

%

GoB

D

Ps

Tota

l %

Re

quir

es

%

Prio

rity

G

OB

D

Ps

Tota

l

4

Fisheries and aquaculture development

4.1

Dev

elop

sm

all s

cale

aqu

acul

ture

, thr

ough

ac

cess

to

qual

ity

inpu

ts, a

dvic

e an

d sk

ills

H

69.5

0.

7%

14.3

4.

5 18

.7

0.3%

50

.7

1.4%

35

.5

3.1

0.4

3.5

4.2

Impr

ove

man

agem

ent

of fi

sher

ies

reso

urce

s H

28

6.8

2.9%

12

5.4

28.6

15

4.0

2.5%

13

2.8

3.7%

93

.0

23.0

7.

4 30

.4

4.3

Dev

elop

pub

lic p

riva

te p

artn

ersh

ips

in

supp

ort

of in

fras

truc

ture

and

ser

vice

s de

velo

pmen

t M

-

0.0%

-

- -

0.0%

-

0.0%

-

- -

-

4.4

Prom

ote

prod

uctio

n in

the

Sou

th t

hrou

gh

sust

aina

ble

shri

mp

and

praw

n de

velo

pmen

t an

d co

mm

unit

y ba

sed

co m

anag

emen

t of

w

etla

nds

L 17

.4

0.2%

5.

2 -

5.2

0.1%

12

.2

0.3%

4.

9 1.

5 -

1.5

16

TOTA

L

373.

7 3.

8%

144.

9 33

.1

177.

9 2.

9%

195.

8 5.

5%

133.

4 27

.6

7.8

35.4

5

Livestock development

5.1

Stre

ngth

en a

nim

al h

ealt

h se

rvic

es, i

nclu

ding

be

tter

dia

gnos

is a

nd s

urve

illan

ce s

yste

ms

to

miti

gate

dis

ease

out

brea

ks

M

31.4

0.

3%

8.2

14.8

23

.0

0.4%

8.

4 0.

2%

4.2

1.1

4.7

5.8

5.2

Stre

ngth

en h

usba

ndry

cap

acit

y at

ho

useh

old

leve

l thr

ough

com

mun

ity

base

d im

prov

ed k

now

ledg

e an

d ad

viso

ry s

ervi

ces

H

114.

9 1.

2%

2.4

8.6

11.0

0.

2%

103.

9 2.

9%

72.7

1.

3 0.

7 2.

0

5.3

Impr

ove

avai

labi

lity

and

qual

ity

of in

puts

th

roug

h pu

blic

pri

vate

par

tner

ship

s H

23

.9

0.2%

-

- -

0.0%

23

.9

0.7%

16

.7

- -

-

5.4

Rese

arch

on

lives

tock

dev

elop

men

t,

incl

udin

g ge

netic

impr

ovem

ent

L 36

.6

0.4%

15

.4

18.8

34

.2

0.6%

2.

4 0.

1%

0.9

5.5

5.0

10.4

17

TOTA

L

206.

8 2.

1%

26.0

42

.2

68.2

1.

1%

138.

6 3.

9%

94.6

7.

9 10

.3

18.2

Tota

l Foo

d A

vaila

bilit

y

5,78

9.9

59.2

%

2,30

6.4

1,15

2.9

3,45

9.3

55.8

%

2,33

0.6

65.1

%

1,71

2.3

228.

1 15

8.4

386.

5

Access

6

Improved access to markets

6.1

Impr

ove

phys

ical

acc

ess

to m

arke

ts,

faci

lities

and

info

rmati

on

M

1,58

0.8

16.2

%

848.

6 23

2.9

1,08

1.5

17.5

%

499.

3 13

.9%

24

9.6

133.

9 55

.0

188.

8

6.2

Mob

ilize

and

pro

mot

e pr

oduc

er &

m

arketin

g gr

oups

for

impr

oved

mar

ket

acce

ss a

nd k

now

ledg

e T

18.8

0.

2%

4.1

4.5

8.6

0.1%

10

.2

0.3%

9.

2 0.

8 0.

5 1.

3

6.3

Dev

elop

ade

quat

e st

orag

e, p

roce

ssin

g an

d va

lue

additio

n an

d re

duce

was

te t

hrou

gh

publ

ic-p

riva

te p

artn

ersh

ips

H

47.2

0.

5%

- -

- 0.

0%

47.2

1.

3%

33.0

-

- -

6.4

Prom

ote

and

assi

st t

he d

evel

opm

ent

of off

fa

rm a

ctivitie

s an

d ru

ral b

usin

esse

s M

12

5.3

1.3%

18

.7

60.1

78

.8

1.3%

46

.5

1.3%

23

.2

1.3

24.8

26

.2

18

TOTA

L

1,77

2.0

18.1

%

871.

4 29

7.5

1,16

8.9

18.9

%

603.

1 16

.8%

31

5.1

136.

0 80

.3

216.

3

154

Su

bpro

gram

mes

Priority ranking

Tota

l CIP

Co

mpl

eted

and

ong

oing

pro

ject

s Pi

pelin

e pr

ojec

ts

Del

iver

y in

201

1/12

MU

SD

%

GoB

D

Ps

Tota

l %

Re

quir

es

%

Prio

rity

G

OB

D

Ps

Tota

l

7

Implementation and monitoring of NFP and CIP

actions

7.1

Stre

ngth

en c

apac

ities

to

impl

emen

t,

mon

itor

and

coo

rdin

ate

Nati

onal

Foo

d Po

licy-

Plan

of A

ction

and

CIP

H

20

.7

0.2%

0.

2 14

.1

14.2

0.

2%

6.5

0.2%

4.

5 -

3.1

3.1

7.2

Stre

ngth

en n

ation

al c

apac

ities

for

desi

gn,

impl

emen

tatio

n an

d m

onit

orin

g of

CIP

op

erati

ons

H

21.6

0.

2%

- 2.

2 2.

2 0.

0%

19.4

0.

5%

13.6

-

0.1

0.1

7.3

Stre

ngth

en c

apac

ities

of c

ivil

soci

ety

orga

nisatio

ns t

o co

ntri

bute

to C

IP

deve

lopm

ent

and

impl

emen

tatio

n

H

22.4

0.

2%

- 0.

8 0.

8 0.

0%

21.6

0.

6%

15.1

-

0.1

0.1

19

TOTA

L

64.6

0.

7%

0.2

17.0

17

.2

0.3%

47

.5

1.3%

33

.2

- 3.

3 3.

3

8

Enhanced Public Food Management Systems

8.1

Enha

nce

effici

ency

and

eff

ectiv

enes

s of

Pu

blic

Foo

d M

anag

emen

t Sy

stem

s an

d im

prov

e it

s im

pact

on

pric

e st

abili

zatio

n T

13.4

0.

1%

- -

- 0.

0%

13.4

0.

4%

12.1

-

- -

8.2

Build

cap

aciti

es o

f Min

istr

y of

Foo

d an

d D

isas

ter

Man

agem

ent

and

Dir

ecto

rate

of

Food

to b

etter

man

age

the

food

sys

tem

T

13.4

0.

1%

- -

- 0.

0%

13.4

0.

4%

12.1

-

- -

8.3

Incr

ease

and

mod

erni

ze p

ublic

sto

rage

and

ha

ndlin

g fa

ciliti

es, i

nclu

ding

in d

isas

ter

pron

e ar

eas

H

424.

2 4.

3%

144.

4 30

.3

174.

7 2.

8%

249.

4 7.

0%

174.

6 32

.2

- 32

.2

20

TOTA

L

451.

0 4.

6%

144.

4 30

.3

174.

7 2.

8%

276.

2 7.

7%

198.

7 32

.2

- 32

.2

9

Effective safety nets

9.1

Stre

ngth

en in

stitutio

nal c

apac

ities

to

effectiv

ely

oper

ate

soci

al s

afet

y ne

t pr

ogra

mm

es a

nd fo

rmul

ate

a ne

w

inte

grat

ed s

trat

egy

for

soci

al s

afet

y ne

t pr

ogra

mm

es

T 80

.0

0.8%

0.

1 5.

2 5.

3 0.

1%

74.7

2.

1%

67.2

0.

0 1.

8 1.

8

9.2

Inve

stm

ent i

n em

ploy

men

t and

inco

me

gene

ratio

n of

soc

ial s

afet

y ne

ts (i

nclu

ding

in

AD

P)

H

1,19

2.2

12.2

%

466.

4 56

2.8

1,02

9.2

16.6

%

163.

0 4.

6%

114.

1 11

7.7

132.

6 25

0.4

21

TOTA

L

1,27

2.1

13.0

%

466.

5 56

8.0

1,03

4.4

16.7

%

237.

7 6.

6%

181.

3 11

7.7

134.

4 25

2.2

To

tal F

ood

Acc

ess

3,

559.

8 36

.4%

1,

482.

4 91

2.8

2,39

5.3

38.7

%

1,16

4.5

32.5

%

728.

4 28

5.9

218.

0 50

3.9

Utilization

10

Community based nutrition

10.1

Co

mm

unit

y ba

sed

livel

ihoo

d an

d nu

triti

on

prog

ram

mes

, bui

ldin

g on

the

Nati

onal

N

utritio

n Se

rvic

e (N

NS)

T

358.

0 3.

7%

58.5

24

7.6

306.

0 4.

9%

52.0

1.

5%

46.8

2.

4 13

.6

16.0

10.2

Supp

ort

com

mun

ity

base

d eff

orts

of

hom

este

ad g

arde

ning

, rea

ring

sm

all

lives

tock

, aqu

acul

ture

and

aw

aren

ess

build

ing

for

impr

oved

nut

ritio

n

H

0.1

0.0%

0.

1 -

0.1

0.0%

-

0.0%

-

- -

-

10.3

Li

nk lo

ng t

erm

wit

h im

med

iate

trea

tmen

t of

ac

ute

mal

nutr

ition

, in

parti

cula

r th

roug

h th

erap

eutic

and

sup

plem

enta

ry fe

edin

g T

5.2

0.1%

1.

7 3.

5 5.

2 0.

1%

- 0.

0%

- -

0.1

0.1

22

TOTA

L

363.

3 3.

7%

60.3

25

1.0

311.

3 5.

0%

52.0

1.

5%

46.8

2.

4 13

.6

16.1

155 Su

bpro

gram

mes

Priority ranking

Tota

l CIP

Co

mpl

eted

and

ong

oing

pro

ject

s Pi

pelin

e pr

ojec

ts

Del

iver

y in

201

1/12

MU

SD

%

GoB

D

Ps

Tota

l %

Re

quir

es

%

Prio

rity

G

OB

D

Ps

Tota

l

11

Orient food and nutrition programmes through data

11.1

U

nder

take

upd

ated

& c

ompr

ehen

sive

na

tiona

l sur

vey

of fo

od c

onsu

mpti

on &

food

co

mpo

sitio

n M

7.

4 0.

1%

0.0

0.9

0.9

0.0%

6.

5 0.

2%

3.2

- 0.

2 0.

2

11.2

Und

erta

ke s

tudy

of d

ieta

ry d

iver

sific

ation

&

supp

lem

entatio

n ne

eds

and

advo

cacy

, aw

aren

ess

& e

ducatio

nal m

ater

ials

to

faci

litat

e be

havi

oura

l cha

nge

in e

ating

ha

bits

& p

racti

ces

H

4.7

0.0%

1.

5 3.

2 4.

7 0.

1%

- 0.

0%

- -

- -

11.3

St

reng

then

nati

onal

cap

aciti

es in

sur

veyi

ng

and

anal

ysis

to

faci

litat

e ev

iden

ce b

ased

de

cisi

ons

M

9.6

0.1%

4.

2 5.

4 9.

6 0.

2%

- 0.

0%

- 0.

0 0.

6 0.

6

23

TOTA

L

21.7

0.

2%

5.7

9.5

15.2

0.

2%

6.5

0.2%

3.

2 0.

0 0.

8 0.

8

12

Food safety and quality improvement

12.1

Im

prov

e su

rvei

llanc

e sy

stem

of f

ood

born

e ill

ness

es

M

15.2

0.

2%

0.4

2.6

3.0

0.0%

12

.2

0.3%

6.

1 -

0.4

0.4

12.2

D

evel

op a

nd e

nhan

ce c

apac

ities

of

labo

rato

ries

and

sys

tem

s fo

r fo

od q

ualit

y as

sura

nce

and

safe

ty a

nd c

ontr

ol o

f foo

d M

16

.0

0.2%

0.

3 1.

7 2.

0 0.

0%

14.0

0.

4%

7.0

- 0.

3 0.

3

12.3

Su

ppor

t th

e de

velo

pmen

t of

a m

oder

n fo

od

cont

rol m

anag

emen

t sy

stem

H

11

.3

0.1%

3.

0 7.

3 10

.3

0.2%

1.

0 0.

0%

0.7

1.1

3.8

4.8

24

TOTA

L

42.5

0.

4%

3.7

11.6

15

.3

0.2%

27

.3

0.8%

13

.8

1.1

4.5

5.5

Tota

l Foo

d Uti

lizati

on

42

7.5

4.4%

69

.7

272.

1 34

1.8

5.5%

85

.7

2.4%

63

.9

3.5

18.9

22

.4

Gra

nd T

ota

l

9,77

7 10

0%

3,85

9 2,

338

6,19

6 10

0%

3,58

1 10

0%

2,50

5 51

8 39

5 91

3

156 Ann

ex 3

.4 O

ngoi

ng a

nd c

ompl

eted

CIP

pro

ject

s as

of J

une

2012

- up

date

d an

nex

4.5

of C

IP 2

011

(in

lakh

taka

) Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t fo

r th

e pe

riod

Ju

l'10-

Jun'

15

Del

iver

y

in F

Y 20

11/1

2 To

tal d

eliv

ery

si

nce

Jul'1

0

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

1: S

usta

inab

le

and

dive

rsifi

ed

agri

cult

ure

1.1:

Enh

ance

re

sear

ch &

kn

owle

dge

gene

ratio

n an

d ad

optio

n to

in

crea

se

agri

cult

ural

pr

oductiv

ity

and

dive

rsit

y in

a

sust

aina

ble

man

ner

No

Pipeline

BADC

Muj

ibna

gar

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

ral

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-13

1493

1 14

931

0 10

95

1095

0

1095

10

95

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BARC

Nati

onal

Agr

icul

tura

l Tec

hnol

ogy

Proj

ect

Ongoing

Jul-07

Jun-13

1787

2 86

9 17

003

3475

15

7 33

18

5671

16

0 55

11

IDA, IFAD

Ongoing

Ongoing

BARI

Agr

icul

tura

l Sec

tor

Prog

ram

me

Supp

ort

2nd

Phas

e (B

ARI

Par

t)

Ongoing

Jan-07

Sep-12

303

0 30

3 50

0

50

94

0 94

DANIDA

No

Ongoing

BARI

Conti

nuati

on a

nd e

xpan

sion

of p

estic

ide

rese

arch

in p

estic

ide

anal

ytica

l lab

orat

ory

at B

AR

I

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-15

859

859

0 40

1 40

1 0

401

401

0

JDCF

Pipeline

Ongoing

BARI

Farm

Mac

hine

ry T

echn

olog

y D

evel

opm

ent

and

Dis

sem

inati

on

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

1462

14

62

0 42

2 42

2 0

830

830

0

Pipeline

Pipeline

BARI

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

re P

rodu

ctivi

ty

Proj

ect

(IA

PP)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16 22

00

283

1917

14

4 31

11

3 14

4 31

11

3

GAFSP

Pipeline

Ongoing

BARI

Inte

grat

ed Q

ualit

y H

ortic

ultu

re

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t (2

nd p

hase

)

Ongoing

Jul-10

Dec-13

5481

54

81

0 10

99

1099

0

1899

18

99

0

No

Pipeline

BARI

Muj

ibna

gar

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

ral

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-13

619

619

0 15

4 15

4 0

154

154

0

Ongoing

Completed

BARI

Ora

nge

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t

Completed

Jul-06

Jun-11

423

423

0 0

0 0

128

128

0

DANIDA

157 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t fo

r th

e pe

riod

Ju

l'10-

Jun'

15

Del

iver

y

in F

Y 20

11/1

2 To

tal d

eliv

ery

si

nce

Jul'1

0

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

1: S

usta

inab

le

and

dive

rsifi

ed

agri

cult

ure

1.1:

Enh

ance

re

sear

ch &

kn

owle

dge

gene

ratio

n an

d ad

optio

n to

in

crea

se

agri

cult

ural

pr

oductiv

ity

and

dive

rsit

y in

a

sust

aina

ble

man

ner

Pipeline

Ongoing

BARI

Tube

r Cr

op D

evel

opm

ent

Proj

ect

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

2752

27

52

0 61

2 61

2 0

1095

10

95

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

BARI

Upg

radi

ng o

f Pul

ses

Res

earc

h Su

b-St

ation

, M

adar

ipur

to

Regi

onal

Pul

ses

Rese

arch

st

ation

(RPR

S)

Ongoing

Jan-11

Jun-14

1816

18

16

0 67

6 67

6 0

736

736

0

Pipeline

Pipeline

BFRI

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

re P

rodu

ctivi

ty

Proj

ect

(IA

PP)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

1346

78

12

68

142

25

117

142

25

117

GAFSP

Ongoing

Ongoing

BINA

Stre

ngth

enin

g R

esea

rch

Acti

vitie

s an

d Su

b-St

ation

s D

evel

opm

ent

of B

INA

Ongoing

May-10

Jun-13

1129

2 11

292

0 18

51

1851

0

4080

40

80

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

BJRI

Basi

c &

App

lied

Res

earc

h in

Jute

(BJR

I)

Ongoing

Sep-10

Aug-13

6593

65

93

0 16

89

1689

0

3204

32

04

0

No

Ongoing

BLRI

Stre

ngth

enin

g re

sear

ch a

nd o

n fa

rm tr

ial

prog

ram

s of

BLR

I reg

iona

l statio

ns

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-14

1138

11

38

0 88

0 88

0 0

994

994

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

BRRI

Biot

echn

olog

y R

esea

rch

Faci

lity

Dev

elop

men

t at

BRR

I pro

ject

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13 60

9 60

9 0

99

99

0 99

99

0

No

No

BRRI

Enha

ncin

g R

esea

rch

Effici

ency

of B

RRI

Ongoing

Jan-12

Dec-13

2366

86

6 15

00

784

149

635

784

149

635

Pipeline

Ongoing

BRRI

Farm

Mac

hine

ry T

echn

olog

y D

evel

opm

ent

and

Dis

sem

inati

on

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

1412

14

12

0 36

5 36

5 0

555

555

0

158

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t fo

r th

e pe

riod

Ju

l'10-

Jun'

15

Del

iver

y

in F

Y 20

11/1

2 To

tal d

eliv

ery

si

nce

Jul'1

0

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

1: S

usta

inab

le

and

dive

rsifi

ed

agri

cult

ure

1.1:

Enh

ance

re

sear

ch &

kn

owle

dge

gene

ratio

n an

d ad

optio

n to

in

crea

se

agri

cult

ural

pr

oductiv

ity

and

dive

rsit

y in

a

sust

aina

ble

man

ner

Pipeline

Pipeline

BRRI

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

re P

rodu

ctivi

ty

Proj

ect

(IA

PP)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

2056

35

9 16

97

195

105

90

195

105

90

GAFSP

Pipeline

Ongoing

BRRI

Min

imiz

ing

Rice

Yie

ld G

ap

Ongoing

Jan-11

Dec-13

252

252

0 99

99

0

124

124

0

Pipeline

Pipeline

BRRI

Muj

ibna

gar

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

ral

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-13

958

958

0 14

8 14

8 0

148

148

0

Ongoing

Completed

BRRI

Rese

arch

and

Dev

elop

men

t o

f Hyb

rid

Rice

in B

angl

ades

h

Completed

Jul-05

Jun-11

758

758

0 0

0 0

275

275

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BRRI

Stre

ngth

enin

g an

d Ca

paci

ty B

uild

ing

of

Biot

echn

olog

y La

bora

tory

in B

RRI

Completed

Jul-07

Jun-12

1004

10

04

0 92

92

0

349

349

0

JDCF

Pipeline

Ongoing

BSRI

Dat

e pa

lm, P

alm

yra

Palm

and

Gol

pata

D

evel

opm

ent

Pilo

t Pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Nov-10

Dec-13 86

2 86

2 0

224

224

0 28

3 28

3 0

No

Pipeline

BSRI

Pilo

t pro

ject

for

deve

lopm

ent

of

suga

rbee

t cultiv

ation

tech

nolo

gies

in

Bang

lade

sh

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-14

345

345

0 98

98

0

98

98

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

BSRI

Stre

ngth

enin

g of

Bio

tech

nolo

gy o

f Su

garc

ane

Rese

arch

Insti

tute

Ongoing

Jul-10

Dec-13

884

884

0 19

1 19

1 0

464

464

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

DAE

Cons

tructio

n of

Agr

icul

tura

lists

In

stitutio

n, B

angl

ades

h C

ompl

ex (K

IB)

Ongoing

Mar-10

Jun-13

7632

76

32

0 19

91

1991

0

2046

20

46

0

159

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t fo

r th

e pe

riod

Ju

l'10-

Jun'

15

Del

iver

y

in F

Y 20

11/1

2 To

tal d

eliv

ery

si

nce

Jul'1

0

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Ongoing

Ongoing

DAE

Mod

erni

zatio

n an

d ca

paci

ty u

pgra

ding

pr

ojec

t for

nati

onal

agr

icul

tura

l tra

inin

g in

stitu

te (N

ATA

- for

mer

SER

DI)

Completed

Jul-07

Jun-12

800

800

0 29

5 29

5 0

368

368

0

No

Ongoing

DAE U

pgra

datio

n of

Aar

aiha

jar

Hortic

ultu

re

Cent

er t

o tr

aini

ng in

stitu

te

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

1778

17

78

0 15

15

0

15

15

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

KGF

Nati

onal

Agr

icul

tura

l Tec

hnol

ogy

Proj

ect

(KG

F)

Ongoing

Jul-07

Dec-13

7991

18

4 78

07

887

69

818

1891

69

18

22

IDA, IFAD

Ongoing

Ongoing

MoA

Nati

onal

Agr

icul

tura

l Tec

hnol

ogy

Proj

ect

(PCU

)

Ongoing

Jul-07

Dec-12

7344

40

9 69

35

849

32

817

1162

60

11

02

IDA, IFAD

No

Ongoing

SRDI

Min

imiz

ing

Rice

Yie

ld G

ap

Ongoing

Jan-11

Dec-13

93

93

0 27

27

0

50

50

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

1.1

1062

30

6780

0 38

430

1904

8 13

090

5958

29

573

2008

8 94

85

1: S

usta

inab

le

and

dive

rsifi

ed

agri

cult

ure

1.2:

Impr

ove

exte

nsio

n se

rvic

es

to p

ropa

gate

kn

owle

dge

&

practic

es,

supp

orte

d by

co

mm

unit

y-ba

sed

expe

rim

entatio

n &

lear

ning

and

in

dige

nous

kn

owle

dge

Ongoing

Completed

AIS

Agr

icul

ture

Sec

tor

Prog

ram

me

Supp

ort

Completed

Jul-07

Jun-11 28

9 4

285

0 0

0 0

0 0

DANIDA

Ongoing

Ongoing

AIS

Inte

nsifi

catio

n of

agr

icul

ture

info

rmati

on

serv

ice

in 1

0 ag

ricu

ltur

e re

gion

s

Ongoing

Jul-08

Jun-13

1544

15

44

0 28

8 28

8 0

315

315

0

Pipeline

Pipeline

BADC

Chi

agon

g H

ill T

ract

s In

tegr

ated

A

gric

ultu

ral D

evel

opm

ent

Proj

ect

(Pha

se

III)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-14

2121

21

21

0 20

0 20

0 0

200

200

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BADC

Gre

ater

Bog

ra-R

angp

ur-D

inaj

pur

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

ral D

evel

opm

ent

Proj

ect

( Pha

se II

)

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14

2311

23

11

0 58

7 58

7 0

1174

11

74

0

160 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t fo

r th

e pe

riod

Ju

l'10-

Jun'

15

Del

iver

y

in F

Y 20

11/1

2 To

tal d

eliv

ery

si

nce

Jul'1

0

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

1: S

usta

inab

le

and

dive

rsifi

ed

agri

cult

ure

1.2:

Impr

ove

exte

nsio

n se

rvic

es

to p

ropa

gate

kn

owle

dge

&

practic

es,

supp

orte

d by

co

mm

unit

y-ba

sed

expe

rim

entatio

n &

lear

ning

and

in

dige

nous

kn

owle

dge

Ongoing

Ongoing

BADC

Gre

ater

Khu

lna-

Jess

ore-

Kushtia

In

tegr

ated

Agr

icul

tura

l Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t ( P

hase

II)

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14

2405

24

05

0 72

4 72

4 0

1622

16

22

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BADC G

reat

er M

ymen

sing

h-Ta

ngai

l Agr

icul

tura

l D

evel

opm

ent

Proj

ect-

2nd

Phas

e

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14

2334

23

34

0 58

6 58

6 0

1148

11

48

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

BADC

Inte

grat

ed Q

ualit

y H

ortic

ultu

re

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t (2

nd p

hase

)

Ongoing

Jul-10

Dec-13

3635

36

35

0 77

4 77

4 0

1277

12

77

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

BADC

Tube

r Cr

op D

evel

opm

ent

Proj

ect

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

3855

3 38

553

0 24

98

2498

0

4897

48

97

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DAE

Agr

icul

ture

Sec

tor

Prog

ram

me

Supp

ort

(1st

rev

ised

) Agr

icul

tura

l Ext

ensi

on

Com

pone

nt (A

EC) u

nder

ASP

S-II

Ongoing

Oct-06

Dec-12

1091

8 13

46

9572

22

62

506

1756

31

63

513

2649

DANIDA

Ongoing

Ongoing

DAE

Cons

tructio

n of

Rub

ber

Dam

s in

Sm

all &

m

ediu

m R

iver

for

Incr

easi

ng F

ood

Prod

uctio

n

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14 84

3 84

3 0

261

261

0 36

2 36

2 0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DAE

Enha

ncem

ent

of C

rops

Pro

ducti

on

thro

ugh

Farm

Mec

hani

zatio

n

Completed

Jan-10

Jun-12

1634

1 16

341

0 57

57

5757

0

1325

6 13

256

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

DAE

Farm

Mac

hine

ry T

echn

olog

y D

evel

opm

ent

and

Dis

sem

inati

on

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

320

320

0 86

86

0

187

187

0

161

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t fo

r th

e pe

riod

Ju

l'10-

Jun'

15

Del

iver

y

in F

Y 20

11/1

2 To

tal d

eliv

ery

si

nce

Jul'1

0

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

1: S

usta

inab

le

and

dive

rsifi

ed

agri

cult

ure

1.2:

Impr

ove

exte

nsio

n se

rvic

es

to p

ropa

gate

kn

owle

dge

&

practic

es,

supp

orte

d by

co

mm

unit

y-ba

sed

expe

rim

entatio

n &

lear

ning

and

in

dige

nous

kn

owle

dge

Pipeline

Pipeline

DAE

Farm

er’s

Tra

inin

g at

Upa

zila

lev

el fo

r Tr

ansf

er o

f Tec

hnol

ogy

(2nd

Pha

se)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-14

9885

98

85

0 42

9 42

9 0

429

429

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DAE G

reat

er R

angp

ur A

gric

ultu

re &

Rur

al

Dev

elop

men

t (D

AE-

LGED

)

Completed

Jul-06

Jun-12

4153

85

9 32

94

69

0 69

65

5 20

3 45

2

IDB

Ongoing

Ongoing

DAE

Impr

ovem

ent

of A

TI( q

ualit

y de

velo

pmen

t pr

ojec

t) in

She

rpur

, Gai

band

ha, a

nd

Khul

na (d

oula

tpur

)

Completed

Jul-08

Jun-12

2272

22

72

0 46

8 46

8 0

1375

13

75

0

Ongoing

Completed

DAE

Incr

ease

pro

ducti

on a

nd c

reati

on o

f em

ploy

men

t fo

r ru

ral p

eopl

e th

roug

h en

gine

erin

g te

chno

logy

exp

ansi

on

Completed

Jul-10

Jun-11

5777

57

77

0 0

0 0

605

605

0

No

Ongoing

DAE

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

ral E

xten

sion

A

ppro

ach

for

pov

erty

Red

uctio

n an

d Fo

od S

ecur

ity

Proj

ect

(IA

PRFP

)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-13

1500

15

00

0 58

8 58

8 0

588

588

0

Pipeline

Pipeline

DAE

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

re P

rodu

ctivi

ty

Proj

ect

(IA

PP)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

1099

1 49

24

6067

77

1 42

3 34

8 77

1 42

3 34

8

AFSTF

Pipeline

Ongoing

DAE

Inte

grat

ed P

est

Man

agem

ent

(2nd

pha

se,

1st r

evis

ed)

Ongoing

Jul-10

Dec-12 21

25

2125

0

904

904

0 13

91

1391

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

DAE

Inte

grat

ed Q

ualit

y H

ortic

ultu

re

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t (2

nd p

hase

)

Ongoing

Jul-10

Dec-13

7863

78

63

0 13

51

1351

0

2469

24

69

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

DAE

Min

imiz

ing

Rice

Yie

ld G

ap P

roje

ct (1

st

revi

sed)

Ongoing

Jan-11

Dec-13

1995

19

95

0 75

9 75

9 0

1033

10

33

0

162 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t fo

r th

e pe

riod

Ju

l'10-

Jun'

15

Del

iver

y

in F

Y 20

11/1

2 To

tal d

eliv

ery

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

1: S

usta

inab

le

and

dive

rsifi

ed

agri

cult

ure

1.2:

Impr

ove

exte

nsio

n se

rvic

es

to p

ropa

gate

kn

owle

dge

&

practic

es,

supp

orte

d by

co

mm

unit

y-ba

sed

expe

rim

entatio

n &

lear

ning

and

in

dige

nous

kn

owle

dge

Pipeline

Pipeline

DAE

Muj

ibna

gar

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

re

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

3829

38

29

0 46

6 46

6 0

466

466

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DAE

Nati

onal

Agr

icul

tura

l Tec

hnol

ogy

Proj

ect,

Ph

ase

I, 2n

d re

vise

d

Ongoing

Jul-07

Dec-13

1238

9 93

6 11

453

2163

13

5 20

28

4401

25

4 41

47

FAO

Ongoing

Completed

DAE

Ora

nge

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t

Completed

Jul-06

Jun-11

1912

19

12

0 0

0 0

490

490

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DAE

Stre

ngth

enin

g M

ushr

oom

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Jan-09

Jun-13

5451

54

51

0 87

1 87

1 0

2176

21

76

0

JDCF

Ongoing

Ongoing

DAE

Supp

ort

to A

ssis

t La

ndle

ss, M

argi

nal a

nd

Smal

l Far

mer

s to

Ove

rcom

e So

arin

g In

put

and

Food

Pri

ces

in Im

pove

rish

ed A

reas

of

Bang

lade

sh

Completed

Jan-10

Aug-11

4858

0

4858

0

0 0

320

0 32

0

EU

Pipeline

Ongoing

DAE

Tube

r Cr

op D

evel

opm

ent

Proj

ect

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

837

837

0 31

9 31

9 0

376

376

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

DAM

Inte

grat

ed Q

ualit

y H

ortic

ultu

re (s

tand

ard

gard

en) D

evel

opm

ent

Proj

ect

(2nd

ph

ase)

Ongoing

Jul-10

Dec-13 24

70

2470

0

265

265

0 37

8 37

8 0

No

No

DAM

Muj

ibna

gar

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

ral

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

773

773

0 44

44

0

44

44

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Com

mun

ity

Base

d Re

sour

ce M

anag

emen

t Pr

ojec

t.

Ongoing

Jul-02

Jun-14

2182

1 29

61

1886

0 32

19

787

2432

60

28

1062

49

66

IFAD

163

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t fo

r th

e pe

riod

Ju

l'10-

Jun'

15

Del

iver

y

in F

Y 20

11/1

2 To

tal d

eliv

ery

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Pipeline

Pipeline

MoA

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

re P

rodu

ctivi

ty

Proj

ect

(IA

PP)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

9291

52

1 87

70

467

20

445

467

20

445

GAFSP

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

1.2

1918

06

1286

46

6316

0 27

175

2009

6 70

78

5206

0 38

731

1332

7

1: S

usta

inab

le

and

dive

rsifi

ed

agri

cult

ure

1.3:

Pro

mot

e th

e de

velo

pmen

t of

re

spon

ses

to

adap

t ag

ricu

ltur

al

syst

ems

to c

limat

e ch

ange

Ongoing

Ongoing

DoForestry Co

mm

unit

y ba

sed

adap

tatio

n to

clim

ate

chan

ge t

hrou

gh C

oast

al Aff

ores

trati

on in

Ba

ngla

desh

Ongoing

Jul-09

Nov-12

3977

68

3 32

94

1168

17

1 99

7 15

77

171

1406

UNDP

No

Pipeline

LGED

Dis

aste

r M

itigatio

n un

der

WFP

(Enh

anci

ng

Resi

lienc

e to

Dis

aste

r an

d th

e eff

ect

the

Clim

ate

Chan

ge)

Ongoing

Jan-12

Dec-16

1038

00

5294

0 50

860

0

0

WFP

No

Pipeline

MoEF

Clim

ate

chan

ge C

apac

ity

build

ing

and

know

ledg

e m

anag

emen

t - a

tech

nica

l as

sist

ance

gra

nt p

roje

ct

Ongoing

Jan-12

Jun-13

454

83

371

0 0

0 0

0 0

Ongoing

Ongoing

MoEF

Supp

ortin

g Im

plem

entatio

n of

the

Ba

ngla

desh

Clim

ate

Chan

ge S

trat

egy

&

Acti

on P

lan

– a

tech

nica

l ass

ista

nce

gran

t pr

ojec

t BCC

SP

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-13

1724

0

1724

14

9 0

149

419

0 41

9

ADB

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

1.3

1099

55

5370

6 56

249

1317

17

1 11

46

1996

17

1 18

25

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

140

7992

25

0152

15

7839

47

540

3335

7 14

181

8362

8 58

990

2463

7

2: Im

prov

ed

wat

er

man

agem

ent

2.1:

Impr

ove

wat

er

man

agem

ent

in

wat

er d

istr

ibuti

on

syst

ems

and

at

farm

leve

l

Pipeline

Ongoing

BADC

Enha

ncin

g A

gric

ultu

ral P

rodu

ction

and

Po

vert

y A

llevi

ation

by

intr

oduc

ing

For

ce

mod

e Tu

bew

ell I

rrig

ation

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-14 23

52

2352

0

1077

10

77

0 16

93

1693

0

Pipeline

Pipeline

BADC

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

re P

rodu

ctivi

ty

Proj

ect

(BA

DC-

see

d an

d w

ater

m

anag

emen

t co

mpo

nent

)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

1037

6 49

65

5411

30

4 20

4 10

1 30

4 20

4 10

1

GAFSP

Pipeline

Ongoing

BADC

Pabn

a-N

ator

e- S

iraj

gang

Irri

gatio

n A

rea

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t (3

rd P

hase

)

Ongoing

Mar-11

Jun-14

1517

4 15

174

0 21

00

2100

0

2100

21

00

0

164

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t fo

r th

e pe

riod

Ju

l'10-

Jun'

15

Del

iver

y

in F

Y 20

11/1

2 To

tal d

eliv

ery

si

nce

Jul'1

0

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

2: Im

prov

ed

wat

er

man

agem

ent

Leve

l 2.

1:Im

prov

e w

ater

m

anag

emen

t in

w

ater

dis

trib

ution

sy

stem

s an

d at

fa

rm le

vel

leve

l

Ongoing

Completed

BADC

Pilo

t Pr

ojec

t for

Agr

icul

tura

l Pro

ducti

on

In M

onga

Pro

ne A

rea

Thro

ugh

Mod

ern

Min

or Ir

rigatio

n Pr

actic

es (B

AD

C pa

rt)

Completed

Jul-07

Jun-11

2212

22

12

0 0

0 0

625

625

0

Pipeline

Pipeline

BADC

Surv

ey a

nd M

onit

orin

g Pr

ojec

t fo

r D

evel

opm

ent

of M

inor

Irri

gatio

n (3

rd

Phas

e)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-14

2221

22

21

0 56

5 56

5 0

565

565

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BMDA

Acti

vatin

g In

oper

able

Dee

p Tu

be w

ells

for

Irri

gatio

n

Ongoing

Jul-08

Jun-13

2012

8 20

128

0 32

00

3200

0

8700

87

00

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BMDA

Bari

nd In

tegr

ated

Are

a D

evel

opm

ent

Proj

ect

(Pha

se-I

II)

Completed

Jul-07

Jun-12

2842

8 28

428

0 36

57

3657

0

1065

7 10

657

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BMDA

Com

man

d A

rea

Dev

elop

men

t &

Tra

inin

g Pr

ojec

t (2

nd P

hase

)

Ongoing

Jul-08

Jun-13

1615

4 16

154

0 20

00

2000

0

6000

60

00

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

BMDA

Com

man

d A

rea

exte

nsio

n an

d D

evel

opm

ent

Ongoing

Jan-10

Jun-13

5125

51

25

0 11

40

1140

0

2840

28

40

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BMDA

Dee

p Tu

bew

ell I

nsta

llatio

n Pr

ojec

t ph

ase

II

Ongoing

Jan-10

Dec-13 24

785

2478

5 0

3500

35

00

0 85

00

8500

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

BMDA

Panc

haga

rh, T

haku

rgao

n, D

inaj

pur

and

Joyp

urha

t Int

egra

ted

Agr

icul

tura

l D

evel

opm

ent

Proj

ect

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

2709

5 27

095

0 13

00

1300

0

2265

22

65

0

Ongoing

Completed

BWDB

IPSW

AM

– In

tegr

ated

pla

nnin

g fo

r su

stai

nabl

e w

ater

man

agem

ent

Completed

Jul-99

Jun-11

1138

0 21

39

9241

0

0 0

1140

35

3 78

7

EKN

165

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proje

ct b

udge

t fo

r th

e pe

riod

Ju

l'10-

Jun'

15

Del

iver

y

in F

Y 20

11/1

2 To

tal d

eliv

ery

si

nce

Jul'1

0

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

deve

lopm

ent

of S

mal

l Sca

le W

ater

Re

sour

ces

Proj

ect i

n G

reat

er

Mym

ensi

ngh,

Syl

het a

nd F

arid

pur

Are

as

Ongoing

Jul-07

Jun-13

4701

5 15

015

3200

0 70

94

1133

59

60

1196

1 33

03

8658

JICA

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED Pa

rtici

pato

ry S

mal

l Sca

le W

ater

Res

ourc

es

Sect

or P

roje

ct

Ongoing

Jan-10

Jun-17

7910

6 19

949

5915

7 38

95

895

3000

74

42

2769

46

73

ADB & IFAD

Subp

rogr

amm

e 2.

1 29

1551

18

5742

10

5809

29

831

2076

9 90

61

6479

1 50

573

1421

8

2: Im

prov

ed

wat

er

man

agem

ent

2.2:

Impr

ove

&

incr

ease

eff

icie

ncy

of s

urfa

ce w

ater

ir

rigatio

n, in

pa

rticu

lar

in t

he

sout

h

Pipeline

Ongoing

BADC

Acti

vatin

g In

oper

able

Dee

p Tu

be w

ells

for

Irri

gatio

n

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

1708

6 17

086

0 25

71

2571

0

3936

39

36

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BADC

Asu

ganj

-Pol

ash

Agr

o Ir

rigatio

n (4

th P

hase

)

Ongoing

Jan-09

Dec-13

2453

24

53

0 51

0 51

0 0

1138

11

38

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BADC

Cons

tructio

n of

Rub

ber

Dam

s in

Sm

all &

m

ediu

m R

iver

for

Incr

easi

ng F

ood

Prod

uctio

n

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14

2429

24

29

0 33

8 33

8 0

1544

15

44

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BADC

Expa

nsio

n of

Irri

gatio

n Th

roug

h Util

izati

on

of S

urfa

ce W

ater

by

Dou

ble

Lift

ing

( 2nd

Ph

ase)

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14

9699

96

99

0 14

87

1487

0

4204

42

04

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

BADC

Gre

ater

Dha

ka Ir

rigatio

n D

evel

opm

ent

Proj

ect-

2nd

Phas

e

Ongoing

Jul-10

Dec-13

9931

99

31

0 25

85

2585

0

4214

42

14

0

Pipeline

Pipeline

BADC

Gre

ater

Far

idpu

r Ir

rigatio

n A

rea

Dev

elop

men

t pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-14

8969

89

69

0 23

72

2372

0

2372

23

72

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BADC

Inno

vativ

e U

se o

f Sur

face

Wat

er P

roje

ct

(2nd

Pha

se)

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14

2318

23

18

0 44

7 44

7 0

1236

12

36

0

166 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

2: Im

prov

ed

wat

er

man

agem

ent

2.2:

Impr

ove

&

incr

ease

effi

cien

cy

of s

urfa

ce w

ater

ir

rigati

on, i

n pa

rticu

lar i

n th

e so

uth

Pipeline

Ongoing

BMDA

Bari

nd R

ain

Wat

er C

onse

rvati

on a

nd

Irri

gatio

n Pr

ojec

t (Ph

ase

II)

Ongoing

Mar-11

Jun-14

2389

5 23

895

0 10

00

1000

0

1000

10

00

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BWDB Ar

ea in

tegr

ated

Wat

er R

esou

rces

M

anag

emen

t Pro

ject

Sou

thw

est

Ongoing

Jul-05

Jun-12

2602

5 65

18

1950

7 45

57

663

3894

10

882

1871

90

12

ADB

No

Ongoing

BWDB

Dhe

pa ri

ver l

eft b

ank flo

od c

ontr

ol,

drai

nage

and

irri

gatio

n pr

ojec

t

Completed

Aug-10

Jun-12

2286

22

86

0 80

1 80

1 0

1551

15

51

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BWDB

Dhe

pa-P

unar

bhab

a W

ater

Man

agem

ent

unde

r Bir

al U

pazi

lla in

Din

ajpu

r Dis

tric

t

Completed

Jul-07

Jun-12

2121

21

21

0 69

8 69

8 0

1393

13

93

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BWDB

Gaz

ner

Bill

Link

Riv

er E

xcav

ation

, D

evel

opm

ent o

f Irr

igati

on F

acilitie

s an

d fis

h cu

ltivatio

n pr

ojec

t at S

ujan

agar

U

pazi

lla in

Pab

na D

istr

ict (

BWD

B pa

rt)

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-13

3617

1 36

171

0 16

24

1624

0

3709

37

09

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BWDB

Kuri

gram

Irri

gatio

n Pr

ojec

t ( S

outh

Uni

t)

Ongoing

Jul-06

Jun-12

2078

0 20

780

0 0

0 0

225

225

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BWDB

Kuri

gram

Irri

gatio

n Pr

ojec

t (N

orth

Uni

t)

Ongoing

Jul-06

Jun-11

1099

7 10

997

0 0

0 0

10

10

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BWDB

Mat

amuh

uri I

rrig

ation

Pro

ject

Ongoing

Jul-05

Jun-14

6220

62

20

0 19

1 19

1 0

631

631

0

167 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

2: Im

prov

ed

wat

er

man

agem

ent

2.2:

Impr

ove

&

incr

ease

effi

cien

cy

of s

urfa

ce w

ater

ir

rigati

on, i

n pa

rticu

lar i

n th

e so

uth

Ongoing

Ongoing

BWDB

Muh

uri-K

ahua

Flo

od C

ontr

ol, D

rain

age

and

Irri

gatio

n Pr

ojec

t

Completed

Jul-04

Jun-12

1506

0 15

060

0 35

78

3578

0

9378

93

78

0 No

Pipeline

BWDB Pr

e-m

onso

on fl

ood

prot

ectio

n an

d dr

aina

ge im

prov

emen

t in

haor

are

as

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-15

6849

4 68

494

0 73

5 73

5 0

735

735

0

No

Pipeline

BWDB

Surm

a ri

ght b

ank flo

od c

ontr

ol, d

rain

age

and

irri

gatio

n pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-14

4571

45

71

0 25

0 25

0 0

250

250

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BWDB

Tara

il Pa

chur

ia F

lood

con

trol

, Dra

inag

e an

d Ir

rigatio

n Pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Mar-09

Jun-13

2814

5 28

145

0 35

11

3511

0

5157

51

57

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BWDB

Tees

ta B

arra

ge P

roje

ct,2

nd P

hase

Ongoing

Jul-06

Jun-13

2486

3 24

863

0 12

89

1289

0

5697

56

97

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BWDB

Wat

er M

anag

emen

t Im

prov

emen

t Pro

ject

(s

peci

al re

vise

d)

Ongoing

Jul-04

Jun-14 98

301

1972

2 78

578

9033

21

5 88

18

2100

5 26

09

1839

6

IDA

No

Ongoing

DAE

Re-e

xcav

ation

of c

onne

cting

rive

rs,

Dev

elop

men

t of i

rrig

ation

faci

lities

and

Fi

sh c

ultu

re p

roje

ct o

f Gaz

ner

Beel

are

a an

d Su

jana

gar U

pazi

lla in

Pab

na D

istr

ict

Ongoing

Jan-10

Mar-13

877

877

0 0

0 0

0 0

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DLS

Re-e

xcav

ation

of c

onne

cting

rive

rs,

Dev

elop

men

t of i

rrig

ation

faci

lities

and

Fi

sh c

ultu

re p

roje

ct o

f Gaz

ner

Beel

are

a an

d Su

jana

gar U

pazi

lla in

Pab

na D

istr

ict

Ongoing

Mar-10

Jun-13

165

165

0 90

90

0

100

100

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DOFish

Re-e

xcav

ation

of c

onne

cting

rive

rs,

Dev

elop

men

t of i

rrig

ation

faci

lities

and

Fi

sh c

ultu

re p

roje

ct o

f Gaz

ner

Beel

are

a an

d Su

jana

gar U

pazi

lla in

Pab

na D

istr

ict

Ongoing

Jan-10

Jun-13

491

491

0 86

86

0

93

93

0

168

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Ongoing

Ongoing

DoForestry

Re-e

xcav

ation

of c

onne

cting

rive

rs,

Dev

elop

men

t of i

rrig

ation

faci

lities

and

Fi

sh c

ultu

re p

roje

ct o

f Gaz

ner

Beel

are

a an

d Su

jana

gar U

pazi

lla in

Pab

na D

istr

ict

Ongoing

Jan-10

Jun-13

85

85

0 38

38

0

48

48

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED Co

nstr

uctio

n of

Rub

ber

Dam

s in

Sm

all &

M

ediu

m R

iver

s fo

r inc

reas

ing

Food

Pr

oductio

n (L

GED

)

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14

1348

6 13

486

0 32

91

3291

0

8253

82

53

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Re-e

xcav

ation

of c

onne

cting

rive

rs,

Dev

elop

men

t of i

rrig

ation

faci

lities

and

Fi

sh c

ultu

re p

roje

ct o

f Gaz

ner

Beel

are

a an

d Su

jana

gar U

pazi

lla in

Pab

na D

istr

ict

Ongoing

Jan-10

Jun-13

3544

35

44

0 79

0 79

0 0

790

790

0

No

Ongoing

RDA

Actio

n re

sear

ch o

n in

tegr

ated

wat

er

man

agem

ent

Ongoing

Jan-11

Dec-13

5894

58

94

0 99

8 99

8 0

1185

11

85

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

RDA

Actio

n re

sear

ch p

roje

ct o

n co

mm

and

area

de

velo

pmen

t usi

ng s

urfa

ce w

ater

for r

ural

liv

elih

ood

impr

ovem

ent b

y re

plac

ing

RDA

tech

nolo

gy Completed

Jul-07

Jun-12

1491

14

91

0 19

4 19

4 0

571

571

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

2.2

4468

47

3487

62

9808

5 43

063

3035

1 12

712

9130

7 63

899

2740

8

2: Im

prov

ed

wat

er

man

agem

ent

2.3:

Red

uce

impa

ct o

f sal

ine

wat

er in

trus

ion

in

the

Sout

h

Pipeline

Ongoing

BWDB

Reha

bilit

ation

of B

WD

B in

fras

truc

ture

aff

ecte

d by

Aila

cyc

lone

in c

oast

al a

rea

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13 31

538

3153

8 0

6490

64

90

0 13

670

1367

0 0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

2.3

3153

8 31

538

0 64

90

6490

0

1367

0 13

670

0

2: Im

prov

ed

wat

er

man

agem

ent

2.4:

Enh

ance

rive

r w

ater

flow

to th

e So

uth

Pipeline

Ongoing

BWDB

Buri

gang

a Ri

ver R

esto

ratio

n Pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-14

9440

9 94

409

0 15

24

1524

0

2104

21

04

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BWDB

Capi

tal D

redg

ing

Of R

iver

Sys

tem

s in

Ba

ngla

desh

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-12

1028

12

1028

12

0 57

37

5737

0

1023

7 10

237

0

169 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

No

Ongoing

BWDB

Exca

vatio

n of

Cha

nda-

Bara

sia

rive

r

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-12

5953

59

53

0 16

99

1699

0

2037

20

37

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BWDB Fe

asib

ility

Stu

dy a

nd D

etai

l Des

ign

of

Gan

ges

Barr

age

proj

ect

Ongoing

Jul-04

Jun-13

4564

45

64

0 82

2 82

2 0

1801

18

01

0

No

Ongoing

BWDB

Feas

ibili

ty s

tudy

and

sur

vey

of S

uras

har

FCD

I pro

ject

Completed

May-10

Jun-12

156

156

0 64

64

0

141

141

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BWDB

Gor

ai R

iver

Res

toratio

n Pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

9421

5 94

215

0 14

104

1410

4 0

2413

9 24

139

0

No

Ongoing

BWDB

Kaln

i-Kus

hiar

a ri

ver m

anag

emen

t

Ongoing

Apr-11

Jun-14

6098

3 60

983

0 16

7 16

7 0

167

167

0

No

Ongoing

BWDB

Proc

urem

ent o

f 6 d

redg

ers

and

anci

llary

cr

afts

and

acce

ssor

ies

for M

oWR

and

MoS

hipp

ing

Ongoing

Aug-10

Jun-12 23

782

6848

16

934

0 0

0 0

0 0

Pipeline

Ongoing

BWDB

Proc

urem

ent o

f dre

dger

s an

d an

cilla

ries

fo

r riv

er d

redg

ing

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-12

1309

88

1309

88

0 13

9 13

9 0

139

139

0

No

Ongoing

BWDB

Re-e

xcav

ation

of B

emel

ia, L

agan

Ba

lbha

dra

rive

r un

der N

asir

naga

r upa

zila

in

Bra

hman

bari

a an

d H

abig

anj D

istr

ict

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

4242

42

42

0 19

2 19

2 0

194

194

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

2.4

5221

04

5051

70

1693

4 24

447

2444

7 0

4095

7 40

957

0

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

212

9204

0 10

7121

2 22

0828

10

3831

82

058

2177

3 21

0725

16

9099

41

626

170

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

3: Im

prov

ed

qual

ity o

f in

put a

nd s

oil

ferti

lity

3:

Impr

oved

qu

ality

of

inpu

t and

soi

l fe

rtilit

y

3.1:

Enh

ance

av

aila

bilit

y of

ag

ricu

ltura

l inp

uts,

te

sted

and

ce

rtifie

d fo

r qu

ality

of

dive

rsifi

ed c

rops

3.

1: E

nhan

ce

avai

labi

lity

of

agri

cultu

ral i

nput

s,

test

ed a

nd

certifie

d fo

r qu

ality

of

dive

rsifi

ed c

rops

No

Ongoing

BADC

Dev

elop

men

t and

multip

licati

on o

f ag

ricu

ltura

l see

ds (P

hase

II)

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-14

551

551

0 25

0 25

0 0

433

433

0

Pipeline

Pipeline

BADC

Enha

ncin

g qu

ality

see

d s

uppl

y pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-14

1788

7 38

00

1408

7 89

6 80

0 96

89

6 80

0 96

IDA

Ongoing

Ongoing

BADC

Impr

ovem

ent a

nd q

ualit

y se

ed p

rodu

ction

of

rice

, whe

at a

nd m

aize

Ongoing

Mar-09

Dec-13

1867

1 18

671

0 34

35

3435

0

1364

3 13

643

0

Ongoing

Completed

BADC

Mod

erni

zatio

n Fa

ciliti

es to

incr

ease

Su

pply

of Q

ualit

y Se

ed -

COM

PLET

ED

Completed

Jul-06

Jun-11

3061

3 30

613

0 0

0 0

3540

35

40

0

No

Ongoing

BADC

Priv

ate

sect

or s

eed

deve

lopm

ent

Ongoing

Jan-11

Dec-13

1816

18

16

0 50

0 50

0 0

519

519

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BADC

Puls

e an

d O

ils S

eed

(2nd

Pha

se)

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14 98

82

9882

0

1808

18

08

0 37

49

3749

0

Pipeline

Pipeline

BARI

Enha

ncin

g Q

ualit

y Se

ed S

uppl

y

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-14

5803

14

73

4330

22

5 20

0 25

22

5 20

0 25

Ongoing

Ongoing

BCIC

Rest

orin

g or

igin

al ra

ted

prod

uctio

n ca

paci

ty b

y re

pair

ing

of P

olas

h U

rea

Ferti

lizer

Fac

tory

Ltd

.

Completed

Jan-08

Jul-11

5533

55

33

0 80

0 80

0 0

3403

34

03

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BCIC

Seco

nd p

hase

reha

bilit

ation

of N

atur

al

Gas

Fertil

izer

Fac

tory

Ltd

Completed

Jul-06

Dec-11

7011

70

11

0 15

82

1582

0

4720

47

20

0

171

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

3: Im

prov

ed

qual

ity o

f in

put a

nd s

oil

ferti

lity

3.1:

Enh

ance

av

aila

bilit

y of

ag

ricu

ltura

l inp

uts,

te

sted

and

ce

rtifie

d fo

r qu

ality

of

dive

rsifi

ed c

rops

No

Pipeline

BCIC

Shah

jala

l fertil

izer

pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Jan-12

Jun-15

5409

00

1422

00

3987

00

5717

9 21

79

5500

0 57

179

2179

55

000

China

Ongoing

Ongoing

BCIC Su

stai

ning

the

orig

inal

rate

d pr

oductio

n ca

paci

ty b

y re

pair

ing

Ashu

ganj

Fertil

izer

an

d Ch

emic

al C

ompl

ex L

td.

Ongoing

Jul-06

Jul-12

4813

2 48

132

0 18

70

1870

0

9414

94

14

0

Ongoing

Completed

BMDA

Impr

oved

Qua

lity

Seed

Pro

ducti

on a

t Fa

rmer

s Le

vel

Completed

Jul-06

Jun-11

1032

10

32

0 0

0 0

52

52

0

Pipeline

Pipeline

BRRI

Enha

ncin

g Q

ualit

y Se

ed S

uppl

y (B

RRI)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-14

5828

44

7 53

81

58

49

9 58

49

9

IDB

Ongoing

Ongoing

BRRI

Stre

ngth

enin

g of

Ric

e Br

eede

r Se

ed

Prod

uctio

n &

Mai

nten

ance

of N

ucle

us

Stoc

k

Completed

Jul-07

Jun-12

1415

14

15

0 23

8 23

8 0

528

528

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DAE

Emer

genc

y 20

07 C

yclo

ne R

ecov

ery

&

Rest

orati

on P

roje

ct: R

ecov

ery

of

Agri

cultu

re S

ecto

r (Cr

ops)

& Im

prov

emen

t (1

st re

vise

d)

Ongoing

Jul-08

Jun-13 41

37

0 41

37

3650

0

3650

55

71

0 55

71

WB

Ongoing

Ongoing

DAE

Prod

uctio

n, P

rese

rvati

on, D

istr

ibuti

on o

f Q

ualit

y Ri

ce, W

heat

and

Jute

See

ds a

t Fa

rmer

s Le

vel

Completed

Jul-07

Jun-12

9131

91

31

0 26

02

2602

0

5235

52

35

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DAE

Prod

uctio

n, p

rese

rvati

on, D

istr

ibuti

on o

f Q

ualit

y Se

eds

of P

ulse

, Oil,

and

Oni

on a

t Fa

rmer

s Le

vel

Completed

Jul-07

Jun-12

3108

31

08

0 79

4 79

4 0

1866

18

66

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

DAE

Seco

nd C

rop

Div

ersific

ation

Pro

ject

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-16

3497

8 74

98

2748

0 80

7 39

3 41

3 94

7 51

0 43

7

ADB

172

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Ongoing

Ongoing

MoA

Agri

cultu

re S

ecto

r Pro

gram

me

Supp

ort

(See

d W

ing)

Ongoing

Jul-07

Sep-12

726

0 72

6 29

8 0

298

491

0 49

1

DANIDA

Pipeline

Pipeline

SCA In

tegr

ated

Agr

icul

ture

Pro

ducti

vity

Pr

ojec

t (IA

PP)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

600

270

330

92

84

8 92

84

8

GAFSP

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

3.1

7477

54

2925

83

4551

71

7708

3 17

584

5949

9 11

2559

50

923

6163

6

3: Im

prov

ed

qual

ity o

f in

put a

nd s

oil

ferti

lity

3.2:

Dev

elop

pu

blic

pri

vate

pa

rtne

rshi

ps

thro

ugh

capa

city

de

velo

pmen

t

Pipeline

Pipeline

BADC

Esta

blis

hing

see

d au

gmen

tatio

n (m

ultip

licati

on) f

arm

in th

e So

uth

Wes

t Co

asta

l reg

ion

Ongoing

Jan-12

Jun-14

2449

6 24

496

0 30

5 30

5 0

305

305

0

No

Pipeline

BADC

Kuri

gram

Inte

grat

ed s

eed

cold

sto

rage

es

tabl

ishm

ent p

roje

ct

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-14

3286

32

86

0 29

8 29

8 0

298

298

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

3.2

2778

2 27

782

0 60

3 60

3 0

603

603

0

3: Im

prov

ed

qual

ity o

f in

put a

nd s

oil

ferti

lity

3.3:

Impr

ove

and

incr

ease

su

stai

nabi

lity

of

soil

ferti

lity

man

agem

ent

Ongoing

Completed

DAE

Gra

nula

r Ure

a Te

chno

logy

Ext

ensi

on

Proj

ect i

n 80

add

ition

al U

pazi

las

Completed

Sep-08

Jun-11

800

0 80

0 0

0 0

500

0 50

0

USDA

Ongoing

Completed

DoE

Coas

tal a

nd W

etla

nd B

iodi

vers

ity

Man

agem

ent P

roje

ct (C

WBM

P)

Completed

Apr-02

Jun-11

3958

29

9 36

59

0 0

0 80

5 24

78

1

UNDP

Ongoing

Ongoing

DoE

Sust

aina

ble

Land

Man

agem

ent P

roje

ct

Completed

Jul-07

Jun-12

699

237

462

291

235

55

654

235

419

UNDP

Ongoing

Ongoing

SRDI

Food

Sec

urity

Pro

gram

me

2006

, Soi

l Fe

rtilit

y Co

mpo

nent

Ongoing

Jan-08

Dec-12

8455

23

7 82

18

1978

13

19

65

3367

35

33

32

EU

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

3.3

1391

2 77

3 13

139

2269

24

8 20

20

5326

29

4 50

32

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

3 78

9448

32

1138

46

8310

79

955

1843

5 61

519

1184

88

5182

0 66

668

173 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

4: F

ishe

ries

an

d aq

uacu

lture

D

evel

opm

ent

4.1:

Dev

elop

sm

all

scal

e aq

uacu

ltur

e,

thro

ugh

acce

ss to

qu

ality

inpu

ts,

advi

ce a

nd s

kills

Pipeline

Ongoing

BARI

Impr

ovem

ent a

nd q

ualit

y se

ed p

rodu

ction

of

rice

, whe

at a

nd m

aize

Ongoing

Mar-09

Dec-13

3732

37

32

0 73

4 73

4 0

2492

24

92

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BFRI Im

pact

of A

quac

ultu

re D

rugs

and

Ch

emic

als

on A

quati

c Ec

olog

y

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-12

1798

17

98

0 25

5 25

5 0

657

657

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DOFish

Expa

nsio

n of

Aqu

acul

ture

Tec

hnol

ogy

Serv

ices

up

to U

nion

Lev

el

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14

2277

22

77

0 69

8 69

8 0

1634

16

34

0

No

Pipeline

DOFish

Fish

pro

ducti

on, c

onse

rvati

on a

nd

stre

ngth

enin

g m

anag

emen

t at K

apta

i La

ke (c

ompo

nent

B)

Ongoing

Oct-11

Jun-14

307

307

0 11

6 11

6 0

116

116

0

Ongoing

Completed

DOFish

Infr

astr

uctu

re D

evel

opm

ent f

or

Floo

dpla

in A

quac

ultu

re in

Com

illa

Dis

tric

t

Completed

Jul-06

Jun-11

709

709

0 0

0 0

114

114

0

Pipeline

Pipeline

DOFish

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

re P

rodu

ctivi

ty

Proj

ect (

IAPP

)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16 42

25

351

3874

30

2 6

296

302

6 29

6

GAFSP

Ongoing

Ongoing

DOFish

Rest

orati

on o

f Nat

ural

Bre

edin

g H

abits

of

the

Hal

da R

iver

Ongoing

Jul-07

Jun-13

1369

13

69

0 33

1 33

1 0

522

522

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

4.1

1441

6 10

542

3874

24

35

2139

29

6 58

37

5541

29

6

4: F

ishe

ries

an

d

4.2:

Impr

ove

No

No

BFDC

Fish

Pro

ducti

on C

onse

rvati

on a

nd

Stre

ngth

enin

g M

anag

emen

t at K

apta

i La

ke (B

FDC

Part

)

Ongoing

Oct-11

Dec-13

1555

15

55

0 48

0 48

0 0

480

480

0

No

Pipeline

BFRI

Fish

pro

ducti

on, c

onse

rvati

on a

nd

stre

ngth

enin

g m

anag

emen

t at K

apta

i La

ke

Ongoing

Oct-11

Dec-13

456

456

0 11

4 11

4 0

114

114

0

174 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

aqua

cultu

re

Dev

elop

men

t

4: F

ishe

ries

an

d aq

uacu

lture

D

evel

opm

ent

man

agem

ent o

f fis

heri

es r

esou

rces

4.

2: Im

prov

e m

anag

emen

t of

fishe

ries

res

ourc

es

Ongoing

Ongoing

BFRI

Jatk

a Co

nser

vatio

n, A

ltern

ate

Inco

me

Gen

erati

on fo

r th

e Ja

tka

Fish

ers

and

Rese

arch

Pro

ject

(BFR

I par

t)

Ongoing

Jul-08

Jun-13

406

406

0 66

66

0

237

237

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

BFRI Su

ppor

t to

Sust

aina

ble

Dev

elop

men

t of

the

Bay

of B

enga

l Lar

ge M

arin

e Ec

osys

tem

(BO

BLM

E)

Ongoing

Sep-05

Aug-13

499

499

0 92

92

0

162

162

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DOFish

Aqua

cultu

re a

nd F

ishe

ries

Man

agem

ent

in B

habo

dha

Area

, Jes

sore

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14

986

986

0 25

5 25

5 0

525

525

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

DOFish

Aqua

cultu

re a

nd fi

sher

ies

man

agem

ent

proj

ect i

n ha

or a

rea

Ongoing

Oct-10

Jun-14

2229

22

29

0 60

0 60

0 0

659

659

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DOFish

Bang

lade

sh m

arin

e fis

heri

es c

apac

ity

build

ing

proj

ect

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-13

1194

7 45

57

7390

20

8 11

4 94

27

8 11

4 16

5

IDB, GDM

Ongoing

Ongoing

DOFish

Broo

d Ba

nk E

stab

lishm

ent P

roje

ct

Completed

Jul-07

Jun-12 12

50

1250

0

183

183

0 43

3 43

3 0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DOFish

Emer

genc

y 20

07 (S

idr)

Cyc

lone

Rec

over

y an

d Re

stor

ation

Pro

ject

(ECR

RP)

Ongoing

Jul-08

Jun-13

3448

0

3448

59

8 0

598

1340

0

1340

FAO, WB

No

Ongoing

DOFish

Fish

erie

s de

velo

pmen

t and

man

agem

ent

of id

entifi

ed d

egra

ded

wat

er b

odie

s an

d co

nser

vatio

n of

sm

all i

ndig

enou

s fis

hes

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-14

3584

35

84

0 17

41

1741

0

2473

24

73

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DOFish

Gre

ater

Far

idpu

r Fi

sher

ies

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Jan-10

Jun-14

6114

61

14

0 11

50

1150

0

3449

34

49

0

175

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

4: F

ishe

ries

an

d aq

uacu

lture

D

evel

opm

ent

4.2:

Impr

ove

man

agem

ent o

f fis

heri

es r

esou

rces

Ongoing

Ongoing

DOFish

Gre

ater

Pab

na fi

sher

ies

deve

lopm

ent

proj

ect

Ongoing

Jan-09

Dec-13

1112

11

12

0 28

3 28

3 0

531

531

0

No

No

DOFish

Hur

a Sa

gor A

quac

ultu

re a

nd F

ishe

ries

M

anag

emen

t Pro

ject

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-14

1709

17

09

0 50

50

0

50

50

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DOFish

Jatk

a Co

nser

vatio

n Al

tern

ate

Inco

me

Gen

erati

on fo

r th

e Ja

tka

Fish

ers

and

Rese

arch

Pro

ject

(DoF

par

t)

Ongoing

Jul-08

Jun-13

2200

22

00

0 25

25

0

1442

14

42

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DOFish

Nati

onal

Agr

icul

tura

l Tec

hnol

ogy

Dev

elop

men

t Pro

ject

(Fis

heri

es

Com

pone

nt)

Ongoing

Jul-07

Jun-13

5535

17

62

3773

94

9 36

0 58

9 22

05

584

1620

IDA, IFAD

Ongoing

Ongoing

DOFish

Regi

onal

Fis

heri

es a

nd L

ives

tock

D

evel

opm

ent P

roje

ct (B

aris

al C

ompo

nent

) Ba

risa

l Ongoing

Jul-07

Dec-12

1008

3 92

3 91

60

2867

14

3 27

24

3001

27

7 27

24

DANIDA

Ongoing

Ongoing

DOFish

Wet

land

bio

dive

rsity

reha

bilit

ation

pr

ojec

t

Completed

Jul-09

Jun-12 31

69

65

3105

11

54

12

1142

19

69

49

1920

GIZ

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Gre

ater

Far

idpu

r di

stri

ct ru

ral

infr

astr

uctu

re (M

J:Fi

sher

ies)

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t (Ph

ase

I)

Ongoing

Jan-09

Jun-12

5532

3 55

323

0 85

00

8500

0

2145

2 21

452

0

No

Pipeline

MoFL

Inte

grat

ed fi

sher

ies

and

lives

tock

de

velo

pmen

t pro

ject

in fl

ood

cont

rol a

nd

com

man

d ar

ea (d

rain

age

and

irri

gatio

n pr

ojec

t are

a) a

nd o

ther

wat

er b

odie

s (4

th

phas

e)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-14

1148

8 11

488

0 18

39

1839

0

1839

18

39

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

4.2

1230

92

9621

6 26

876

2115

2 16

005

5147

42

638

3486

8 77

70

176 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

4: F

ishe

ries

an

d aq

uacu

lture

D

evel

opm

ent

4.4:

Pro

mot

e pr

oductio

n in

the

Sout

h th

roug

h su

stai

nabl

e sh

rim

p an

d pr

awn

deve

lopm

ent a

nd

com

mun

ity b

ased

co

man

agem

ent

of

wet

land

s

Pipeline

Ongoing

BFRI

Infr

astr

uctu

ral D

evel

opm

ent a

nd

Rese

arch

Str

engt

heni

ng o

f Fis

heri

es

Rese

arch

Insti

tute

Bag

erha

t

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

3597

35

97

0 10

50

1050

0

1542

15

42

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

4.4

3597

35

97

0 10

50

1050

0

1542

15

42

0 Su

b to

tal P

rogr

amm

e 4

1411

05

1103

56

3075

0 24

637

1919

4 54

43

5001

7 41

952

8066

5: L

ives

tock

de

velo

pmen

t

5.1:

Str

engt

hen

anim

al h

ealth

se

rvic

es, i

nclu

ding

be

tter

dia

gnos

is

and

surv

eilla

nce

syst

ems

to

miti

gate

dis

ease

ou

tbre

aks

No

No

BLRI

Foot

and

mou

th d

isea

se a

nd P

PR re

sear

ch

in B

angl

ades

h

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

691

691

0 50

50

0

50

50

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DLS

Avia

n Influ

enza

Pre

pare

dnes

s &

Res

pons

e Pr

ojec

t

Ongoing

Jul-07

Jun-12

1073

0 10

30

9700

30

36

536

2500

50

11

661

4350

WB

No

No

DLS

Esta

blis

hmen

t of U

pazi

la L

ives

tock

D

evel

opm

ent C

entr

e (3

rd P

hase

)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

358

358

0 66

66

0

66

66

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DLS

Mod

erni

zatio

n of

Vac

cine

Pro

ducti

on

Tech

nolo

gy &

Ext

ensi

on o

f Lab

orat

ory

Faci

lities

Pro

ject

Ongoing

Jul-08

Jun-13

5687

56

87

0 99

99

0

2117

21

17

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DLS

Stre

ngth

enin

g of

Sup

port

of c

omba

ting

Avia

n Influ

enza

(HPA

1) in

Ban

glad

esh

Proj

ect

Ongoing

Jan-08

Dec-11

3581

92

34

89

782

0 78

2 16

74

0 16

74

USAID

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

5.1

2104

7 78

58

1318

9 40

33

751

3282

89

18

2894

60

24

5: L

ives

tock

de

velo

pmen

t

5.2:

Str

engt

hen

husb

andr

y ca

paci

ty a

t ho

useh

old

leve

l

Ongoing

Completed

DLS

Cons

ervatio

n an

d im

prov

emen

t of n

ative

sh

eep

thro

ugh

com

mun

ity fa

rmin

g sy

stem

(com

pone

nt A

)

Completed

Jul-06

Jun-11

456

456

0 0

0 0

82

82

0

177

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

thro

ugh

com

mun

ity b

ased

im

prov

ed

know

ledg

e an

d ad

viso

ry s

ervi

ces

Ongoing

Ongoing

DLS

Emer

genc

y 20

07 (S

idr)

Cyc

lone

Rec

over

y an

d Re

stor

ation

Pro

ject

(ECR

RP)

Ongoing

Jul-08

Jun-13

3448

0

3448

1

0 1

969

0 96

9

FAO

Pipeline

Pipeline

DLS In

tegr

ated

Agr

icul

ture

Pro

ducti

vity

Pr

ojec

t (IA

PP)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

3248

55

31

93

488

33

455

488

33

455

GAFSP

Pipeline

Ongoing

DLS

Supp

ort S

ervi

ce fo

r Sm

all h

olde

r Dai

ry

and

Poul

try

Farm

ers

at 2

2 Se

lect

ed

Dis

tric

ts

Ongoing

Oct-10

Jun-13

1560

15

60

0 86

9 86

9 0

1019

10

19

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

5.2

8712

20

71

6641

13

58

902

456

2558

11

34

1424

5: L

ives

tock

de

velo

pmen

t

5.4:

Res

earc

h on

liv

esto

ck

deve

lopm

ent

incl

udin

g ge

netic

im

prov

emen

t

Ongoing

Ongoing

BLRI

Buffa

lo D

evel

opm

ent P

roje

ct

Ongoing

Jan-10

Jun-14

1614

16

14

0 24

1 24

1 0

491

491

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DLS

Artifi

cial

Inse

min

ation

& E

mbr

yo T

rans

fer

Tech

nolo

gy P

roje

ct

Ongoing

Jan-09

Dec-13

4533

45

33

0 16

93

1693

0

2608

26

08

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DLS

Bree

d U

pgra

datio

n Th

roug

h Pr

ogen

y Te

st

Proj

ect p

hase

II

Ongoing

Jul-08

Jun-13 10

53

1053

0

0 0

0 32

4 32

4 0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DLS

Buffa

lo D

evel

opm

ent P

roje

ct

Ongoing

Jan-10

Jun-14

1757

17

57

0 87

2 87

2 0

970

970

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DLS

Nati

onal

Agr

icul

tura

l Tec

hnol

ogy

Proj

ect

Ongoing

Jul-07

Dec-13

7184

49

3 66

91

1711

23

16

87

3246

70

31

76

IDA, IFAD

Ongoing

Ongoing

DLS

Regi

onal

Fis

heri

es a

nd L

ives

tock

D

evel

opm

ent P

roje

ct (N

oakh

ali

Com

pone

nt)

Completed

Jul-07

Jun-12

9673

10

46

8627

16

90

367

1323

62

07

696

5510

DANIDA

178

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Ongoing

Ongoing

DLS

Seco

nd P

artic

ipat

ory

Live

stoc

k D

evel

opm

ent P

roje

ct

Completed

Jul-04

Dec-11

3764

22

52

1512

10

53

616

438

1646

10

47

599

ADB

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

5.4

2957

8 12

748

1683

0 72

61

3812

34

49

1549

3 62

07

9286

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

5 59

337

2267

7 36

660

1265

1 54

64

7187

26

968

1023

5 16

733

6: Im

prov

ed

acce

ss to

m

arke

ts

6: Im

prov

ed

acce

ss to

m

arke

ts

6.1:

Impr

ove

phys

ical

acc

ess

to

mar

kets

, fac

ilitie

s an

d in

form

ation

6.

1: Im

prov

e ph

ysic

al a

cces

s to

m

arke

ts, f

acilitie

s an

d in

form

ation

No

Ongoing

AIS

Enha

ncem

ent o

f Rur

al C

omm

unic

ation

se

rvic

e th

roug

h co

mm

unity

Rad

io fo

r D

evel

opm

ent o

f Agr

icul

ture

Ongoing

Jul-10

Dec-12

386

67

319

7 0

7 27

8 25

25

3

FAO

No

Ongoing

BMDA

Mar

ketin

g of

Agr

icul

tura

l Pro

duct

s th

roug

h D

evel

opm

ent

of R

ural

Co

mm

unic

ation

Pro

ject

Ongoing

Oct-10

Jun-13

2998

0 29

980

0 13

00

1300

0

2800

28

00

0

No

Ongoing

DDM

Cons

tructio

n of

multip

urpo

se c

yclo

ne

shel

ter i

n th

e co

asta

l bel

t of B

angl

ades

h

Ongoing

Mar-11

Dec-13

1816

8 18

168

0 19

0 19

0 0

190

190

0

No

Ongoing

DRR

Cons

tructio

n of

bri

dge/

culv

ert (

up to

12

m lo

ng) o

n th

e ru

ral r

oads

at C

hitt

agon

g H

ill T

ract

s re

gion

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

9910

99

10

0 27

61

2761

0

5203

52

03

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Agri

cultu

re S

ecto

r Pro

gram

me

Supp

ort

(ASP

S) P

hase

-II R

ural

Roa

d &

Mar

ket

Acce

ss In

fras

truc

ture

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t (3)

Pat

uakh

ali,

Borg

una,

Noa

khal

i, La

xmip

ur

Ongoing

Jul-07

Jun-13

4255

2 21

302

2125

0 57

54

4074

16

80

1391

2 87

32

5180

DANIDA

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Cons

tructio

n an

d Re

cons

tructio

n of

Rur

al

Road

, Bri

dges

and

Cul

vert

s in

Rur

al a

reas

on

Pri

ority

Bas

is

Completed

Jul-01

Jun-11

2128

16

2128

16

0 48

56

4856

0

7745

77

45

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

LGED

Cons

tructio

n of

two

brid

ges

on th

e ri

ver

Brah

map

utra

und

er Is

lam

pur

Upa

zila

of

Jam

alpu

r D

istr

ict

Ongoing

Aug-10

Jun-13

7305

73

05

0 35

35

0

121

121

0

179 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

6: Im

prov

ed

acce

ss to

m

arke

ts

6.1:

Impr

ove

phys

ical

acc

ess

to

mar

kets

, fac

ilitie

s an

d in

form

ation

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Cons

tructio

n of

Vill

age

Road

, Bri

dge/

Cu

lver

t & o

ther

Infr

astr

uctu

re o

f U

nder

deve

lope

d U

pazi

lla o

f Nor

th W

est

Bang

lade

sh (P

abna

, Sir

ajgo

nj, N

ator

e,

Nao

gaon

,Raj

shah

i, N

obab

gonj

, Bog

ra)

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

4250

0 42

500

0 99

84

9984

0

1990

6 19

906

0 Ongoing

Completed

LGED

Dev

elop

men

t of I

nteg

rate

d In

fras

truc

ture

Pr

ojec

t

Completed

Jul-06

Jun-11

9851

27

73

7079

0

0 0

2617

40

9 22

08

IDB

Pipeline

Ongoing

LGED

Dev

elop

men

t of R

ural

Com

mun

icati

on

and

othe

r in

fras

truc

ture

of t

he G

reat

er

Rang

pur a

nd D

inaj

pur D

istr

ict

Ongoing

Apr-10

Jun-13

5559

2 55

592

0 48

00

4800

0

7800

78

00

0

No

Ongoing

LGED

Feas

ibili

ty s

tudy

for

cons

tructio

n of

500

m

brid

ge o

n th

e D

hake

shar

i Riv

er a

t N

agap

ur U

pazi

lla in

Tan

gail

and

cons

tructio

n of

500

m lo

ng g

irde

r bri

dge

n An

dhar

man

ik R

iver

at K

olap

ara

Upa

zila

in

Patu

akha

li D

istr

ict

Completed

Sep-10

Dec-11

88

88

0 18

18

0

67

67

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Gre

ater

Bar

isal

Dis

tric

t and

Rur

al

Com

mun

icati

on a

d H

at B

azaa

r in

fras

truc

ture

dev

elop

men

t (Ba

risa

l, Pi

rojp

ur, B

hola

and

Jhal

kati)

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14

3975

0 39

750

0 64

85

6485

0

1166

6 11

666

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Gre

ater

Com

illa

rura

l inf

rast

ruct

ure

deve

lopm

ent (

2nd

Phas

e)

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

1786

1 17

861

0 23

58

2358

0

5142

51

42

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

LGED

Gre

ater

Far

idpu

r rur

al in

fras

truc

ture

de

velo

pmen

t (2n

d Ph

ase)

Ongoing

Jul-10

Dec-13

4175

0 41

750

0 43

95

4395

0

7389

73

89

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Gre

ater

Ran

gpur

Agr

icul

ture

& R

ural

D

evel

opm

ent (

DAE

-LG

ED)

Completed

Jul-06

Jun-12

2793

21

6 25

76

82

3 79

18

2 15

16

7

IDB

180

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

6: Im

prov

ed

acce

ss to

m

arke

ts

6.1:

Impr

ove

phys

ical

acc

ess

to

mar

kets

, fac

ilitie

s an

d in

form

ation

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Mar

ket I

nfra

stru

ctur

e D

evel

opm

ent

Proj

ect i

n Ch

arla

nd R

egio

ns

Ongoing

Feb-06

Jun-13

2733

9 51

35

2220

4 66

90

969

5721

16

957

6046

10

911

IFAD & GON

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED Pu

blic

pri

ority

Rur

al C

omm

unic

ation

and

H

at-B

azar

Dev

elop

men

t & R

ehab

ilitatio

n

Ongoing

Jul-05

Jun-13

5000

0 50

000

0 79

91

7991

0

1489

1 14

891

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Publ

ic p

rior

ity R

ural

Com

mun

icati

on a

nd

Hat

-Baz

ar D

evel

opm

ent &

Reh

abili

tatio

n pa

rt 2

Ongoing

Jul-05

Jun-13

9950

0 99

500

0 42

00

4200

0

1019

2 10

192

0

No

Ongoing

LGED

Reha

bilit

ation

of A

ila affe

cted

rura

l in

fras

truc

ture

Ongoing

Jan-11

Jun-13

1402

5 14

025

0 0

0 0

2199

21

99

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Rura

l (U

nion

) Inf

rast

ruct

ure

Dev

elop

men

t Pr

ojec

t (Kh

ulna

, Bag

erha

t & S

atkh

ira

Dis

tric

t)

Ongoing

Jul-08

Jun-13

1628

6 16

286

0 17

93

1793

0

3311

33

11

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Rura

l Dev

elop

men

t Pro

ject

: Inf

rast

ruct

ure

Dev

elop

men

t-26

(2nd

Rev

ised

)

Completed

Jul-03

Jun-12 26

0259

92

109

1681

50

1593

9 93

64

6576

52

995

1854

4 34

451

IDA

Ongoing

Completed

LGED

Rura

l Inf

rast

ruct

ure

Dev

elop

men

t in

East

ern

Regi

on o

f Ban

glad

esh:

Gre

ater

Ch

ittag

ong,

Noa

khal

i and

Syl

het D

istr

ict

Completed

Jul-04

Jun-11

9949

7 23

065

7643

2 0

0 0

7552

18

71

5681

JICA

Ongoing

Completed

LGED

Rura

l Inf

rast

ruct

ure

Dev

elop

men

t Pro

ject

(G

IDP)

(2nd

Rev

ised

)

Completed

Jul-02

Jun-11

4465

0 44

650

0 0

0 0

6930

69

30

0

No

Ongoing

LGED

Rura

l inf

rast

ruct

ure

deve

lopm

ent

proj

ect

(Gre

ater

Dha

ka, T

anga

il an

d Ki

shor

ganj

D

istr

ict)

Ongoing

Mar-11

Jun-13

4410

0 44

100

0 22

79

2279

0

2279

22

79

0

181 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Seco

nd R

ural

Infr

astr

uctu

re D

evel

opm

ent

(RIIP

-II)

Ongoing

Jul-06

Dec-12

1475

90

5388

8 93

702

3739

3 15

000

2239

3 72

372

2565

4 46

718

ADB, KFW & GTZ

No

Ongoing

LGED Su

stai

nabl

e ru

ral i

nfra

stru

ctur

e im

prov

emen

t pr

ojec

t (SR

IIP)

Ongoing

Jan-11

Jun-16

7525

1 22

535

5271

6 20

01

266

1735

20

01

266

1735

ADB, FfW, JFBR

No

Pipeline

LGED

Sylh

et D

ivis

ion

Rura

l Inf

rast

ruct

ure

Dev

elop

men

t Pro

ject

Ongoing

Jul-11

Dec-14

4472

3 44

723

0 97

8 97

8 0

978

978

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Uni

on in

fras

truc

ture

Dev

elop

men

t Pro

ject

(D

inaj

pur,

Pan

chag

arh,

Tha

kurg

aon,

Ra

ngpu

r, L

alm

onir

hat,

Kur

igra

m,

Gai

band

ha a

nd N

ilpha

mar

i).

Completed

Jul-07

Jun-12

1537

7 15

377

0 53

85

5385

0

7684

76

84

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Villa

ge R

oad

and

Hat

Baz

ar D

evel

opm

ent

Proj

ect :

Gre

ater

Syl

het

Ongoing

Jul-08

Jun-14

1963

5 19

635

0 35

73

3573

0

7054

70

54

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

6.1

1489

533

1045

105

4444

28

1312

50

9305

8 38

191

2924

12

1851

07

1073

05

6: Im

prov

ed

acce

ss to

m

arke

ts

6.2:

Mob

ilize

and

pr

omot

e pr

oduc

er

& m

arketin

g gr

oups

for

impr

oved

mar

ket

acce

ss a

nd

know

ledg

e

Ongoing

Ongoing

BFDC

Esta

blis

hmen

t of F

ish

Mar

ketin

g Fa

ciliti

es

in D

haka

Met

ropo

lis

Completed

Jul-08

Dec-11 88

7 88

7 0

97

97

0 26

1 26

1 0

Pipeline

Pipeline

DOC

Ensu

ring

Coo

perativ

e ba

sed

Milk

Pr

oductio

n

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-15

2302

23

02

0 46

8 46

8 0

468

468

0

Ongoing

Ongoing Hortex

foundation

Nati

onal

Agr

icul

tura

l Tec

hnol

ogy

Proj

ect

(Hor

tex)

Ongoing

Jul-07

Dec-12

3613

16

4 34

49

353

9 34

3 64

4 18

62

6

IDA, IFAD

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

6.2

6802

33

53

3449

91

8 57

4 34

3 13

72

746

626

182

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

6: Im

prov

ed

acce

ss to

m

arke

ts

6.3:

Pro

mot

e an

d as

sist

the

deve

lopm

ent o

f off

farm

acti

vitie

s an

d ru

ral

busi

ness

es

No

Pipeline

BRDB

Pove

rty

redu

ction

thro

ugh

min

or c

rop

prod

uctio

n, p

rese

rvati

on, p

roce

ssin

g an

d m

arketin

g pr

ogra

m (2

nd p

hase

)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-14

5258

52

58

0 56

56

0

56

56

0

No

No

DAE Fo

od S

ecur

ity th

roug

h En

hanc

ed

Agri

cultu

re P

rodu

ction

Div

ersifie

d So

urce

s of

Inco

me

Valu

e A

dditi

on a

nd M

arketin

g in

Ban

glad

esh

(FSM

SP)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-15

2604

48

0 21

24

158

7 15

1 15

8 7

151

Italy

Ongoing

Ongoing

DAM

Agri

busi

ness

Dev

elop

men

t Pro

ject

in

Bang

lade

sh

Completed

Jan-06

Dec-11

4094

4 12

74

3966

9 17

629

516

1711

3 27

005

637

2636

8

ADB

No

Pipeline

RDA

Inte

grat

ed e

mpl

oym

ent s

uppo

rt p

rogr

am

for p

oor w

omen

(IRE

SPPW

)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

7455

74

55

0 33

2 33

2 0

332

332

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

6.4

5626

1 14

467

4179

3 18

174

911

1726

4 27

551

1032

26

519

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

6 15

5259

6 10

6292

6 48

9670

15

0342

94

543

5579

9 32

1335

18

6886

13

4450

7:

Impl

emen

tatio

n an

d m

onito

ring

of

NFP

and

CIP

actio

ns

7.1:

Str

engt

hen

capa

citie

s to

im

plem

ent,

m

onito

r and

co

ordi

nate

N

ation

al F

ood

Polic

y-Pl

an o

f Ac

tion

and

CIP

Ongoing

Completed

DG Food

Stre

ngth

enin

g th

e G

over

nmen

t In

stitutio

nal C

apac

ity o

f DG

Foo

d fo

r Im

prov

ing

Food

Sec

urity

(Com

pone

nt-A

)

Completed

Sep-08

Dec-10

274

25

249

0 0

0 12

5 5

119

ADB

Ongoing

Ongoing

FPMU

Nati

onal

Foo

d Po

licy

Capa

city

S

tren

gthe

ning

Pro

gram

(II)

Ongoing

Jan-10

Dec-13

1016

3 90

10

073

2141

0

2141

42

30

0 42

30

EU & USAID

Ongoing

Completed

MoA

Stre

ngth

enin

g th

e G

over

nmen

t In

stitutio

nal C

apac

ity o

f MoA

for

Impr

ovin

g Fo

od S

ecur

ity (C

ompo

nent

-B)

Completed

Sep-08

Dec-10

178

16

162

0 0

0 59

3

57

ADB

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

7.1

1061

5 13

1 10

485

2141

0

2141

44

14

8 44

06

7:

Impl

emen

tatio

n an

d m

onito

ring

of

NFP

and

CIP

7.2:

Str

engt

hen

natio

nal c

apac

ities

fo

r des

ign,

im

plem

entatio

n an

d m

onit

orin

g of

Pipeline

Pipeline

MoA

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

re P

rodu

ctivi

ty

Proj

ect (

IAPP

)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

1870

0

1870

94

0

95

94

0 95

183 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

actio

ns

CIP

oper

ation

s

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

7.2

1870

0

1870

94

0

95

94

0 95

7:Im

plem

enta

tio

n an

d m

onito

ring

of

NFP

and

CIP

actio

ns

7.3:

Str

engt

hen

capa

citie

s of

civ

il so

ciet

y or

gani

satio

ns to

co

ntri

bute

to C

IP

deve

lopm

ent a

nd

impl

emen

tatio

n

Pipeline

Pipeline

MoA

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

re P

rodu

ctivi

ty

Proj

ect (

IAPP

)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

695

0 69

5 35

0

35

35

0 35

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

7.3

695

0 69

5 35

0

35

35

0 35

Su

b to

tal P

rogr

amm

e 7

1318

0 13

1 13

049

2270

0

2271

45

43

8 45

36

8: E

nhan

ced

Publ

ic F

ood

Man

agem

ent

Syst

ems

8.1:

Incr

ease

and

m

oder

nize

pub

lic

stor

age

and

hand

ling

faci

lities

, in

clud

ing

in

disa

ster

pro

ne

area

s

Pipeline

Pipeline

DG Food

Bang

lade

sh M

oder

nize

d Fo

od S

tora

ge

Stud

y Pr

ojec

t (BM

SFP)

Ongoing

Feb-12

Sep-13

840

0 84

0 0

0

WB

Pipeline

Ongoing

DG Food

Cons

tructio

n of

0.8

4 la

kh M

T C

apac

ity

Food

God

own

at H

alis

har C

SD c

ampu

s Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-12

2187

1 21

871

0 67

86

6786

0

8279

82

79

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DG Food

Cons

tructio

n of

1.1

0 la

kh M

T C

apac

ity

Food

God

own

in th

e N

orth

ern

regi

on o

f th

e Co

untr

y

Completed

Jul-09

Jun-12

2410

0 24

100

0 33

92

3392

0

1714

6 17

146

0

Pipeline

Ongoing

DG Food

Cons

tructio

n of

1.3

5 la

kh M

T ca

paci

ty

God

owns

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-13

2830

1 28

301

0 11

372

1137

2 0

1437

2 14

372

0

No

Pipeline

DG Food

Cons

tructio

n of

25,

000

mt c

apac

ity

multis

tori

ed w

areh

ouse

at S

anta

har

Silo

Pr

emis

es, B

ogra

Ongoing

Jan-12

Jun-14

2645

6 62

19

2023

7 0

0 0

0 0

0

184 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Ongoing

Ongoing

DG Food

Cons

tructio

n of

a C

oncr

ete

Gra

in S

ilo o

f 50

,000

MT

capa

city

at M

ongl

a Po

rt w

ith

Anci

llary

Fac

ility

Ongoing

Jan-10

Dec-13

1994

6 19

946

0 79

5 79

5 0

1594

15

94

0

IDCF

Ongoing

Completed

DG Food Re

cons

tructio

n of

Dila

pida

ted

Food

G

odow

ns a

nd A

ncill

ary

Infr

astr

uctu

res

of

DO

F

Completed

Jul-09

Jun-11

2244

22

44

0 0

0 0

1245

12

45

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

8.3

1237

58

1026

81

2107

7 22

344

2234

4 0

4263

5 42

635

0 Su

b to

tal P

rogr

amm

e 8

1237

58

1026

81

2107

7 22

344

2234

4 0

4263

5 42

635

0

9: Effe

ctive

sa

fety

net

s

9.1:

Str

engt

hen

insti

tutio

nal

capa

citie

s to

eff

ectiv

ely

oper

ate

soci

al s

afet

y ne

t pr

ogra

mm

es a

nd

form

ulat

e a

new

in

tegr

ated

st

rate

gy fo

r soc

ial

safe

ty n

et

prog

ram

mes

Pipeline

Ongoing

DRR

Ope

ratio

n Su

ppor

t to

the

empl

oym

ent

gene

ratio

n pr

ogra

mm

e fo

r th

e po

ores

t (E

GPP

)

Ongoing

Jan-11

Dec-13

3660

37

36

23

1257

11

12

46

1270

16

12

55

WB

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

9.1

3660

37

36

23

1257

11

12

46

1270

16

12

55

9: Effe

ctive

sa

fety

net

s

9.2:

Inve

stm

ent i

n em

ploy

men

t and

Ongoing

Ongoing

BRDB

Empl

oym

ent G

uara

ntee

Sch

eme

for

Har

dcor

e Po

or o

f Nor

ther

n Re

gion

Ongoing

Jul-07

Jun-11

4647

46

47

0 58

9 58

9 0

1303

13

03

0

Pipeline

Pipeline

BSRI

Crea

te E

mpl

oym

ent O

ppor

tuni

ty o

f Cha

r D

wel

lers

in G

reat

er R

angp

ur D

istr

ict

thro

ugh

Suga

rcan

e Cu

ltivatio

n

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-15

821

821

0 25

0 25

0 0

250

250

0

JDCF

No

Pipeline

DAE

Char

dev

elop

men

t and

sett

lem

ent

proj

ect-

4

Ongoing

Jan-11

Dec-16

675

69

606

102

19

84

102

19

84

IFAD

185 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

9: Effe

ctive

sa

fety

net

s

inco

me

gene

ratio

n of

so

cial

saf

ety

nets

(in

clud

ing

in A

DP)

9.

2: In

vest

men

t in

empl

oym

ent a

nd

inco

me

gene

ratio

n of

so

cial

saf

ety

nets

(in

clud

ing

in A

DP)

Ongoing

Ongoing

DMB

ECRR

P-D

isas

ter R

isk

Miti

gatio

n an

d Re

ducti

on

Ongoing

Aug-08

Jun-13

6895

0

6895

15

22

0 15

22

2008

0

2008

WB

Ongoing

Ongoing

DOC Li

velih

ood

impr

ovem

ent o

f the

Gar

o co

mm

unity

Completed

Jan-10

Jun-12

825

825

0 65

65

0

629

629

0

JDCF

Pipeline

Ongoing

DOFish

Pove

rty

redu

ction

and

live

lihoo

d se

curi

ty

for t

he p

eopl

e of

eco

nom

ical

ly d

epre

ssed

ar

eas

Ongoing

Apr-10

Dec-13

8319

83

19

0 26

35

2635

0

4070

40

70

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DoForestry

Pove

rty

redu

ction

thro

ugh

soci

al fo

rest

ry

Ongoing

Mar-10

Dec-13

5235

52

35

0 31

85

3185

0

3335

33

35

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DPE

EC A

ssis

ted

Scho

ol F

eedi

ng P

rogr

amm

e

Ongoing

Jan-09

Dec-14

2033

6 75

37

1280

0 67

20

39

6681

80

89

75

8013

EU, WFP

Pipeline

Ongoing

DPE

Scho

ol fe

edin

g pr

ogra

mm

e in

pov

erty

pr

one

area

s

Ongoing

Jul-10

Jun-14

1142

80

5977

1 54

509

2343

3 98

83

1355

0 32

323

9883

22

440

WFP

Ongoing

Ongoing

DSS

Serv

ices

for C

hild

ren

at R

isk

(SCA

R)

Ongoing

Jan-09

Dec-14

8930

38

88

92

120

8 11

2 19

3 14

17

9

WB

Ongoing

Ongoing

DSS

Trai

ning

and

Reh

abili

tatio

n Ce

ntre

for

Destit

ute

and

Orp

han

Child

ren

Completed

Jan-10

Jun-12

938

938

0 63

9 63

9 0

739

739

0

Pipeline

Pipeline

DWA

Food

and

Liv

elih

ood

Secu

rity

(FLS

)

Ongoing

Jan-12

Jun-14

2233

3 54

0 21

793

4446

16

0 42

86

4446

16

0 42

86

EU

186 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

9: Effe

ctive

sa

fety

net

s

9.2:

Inve

stm

ent i

n em

ploy

men

t and

in

com

e ge

neratio

n of

so

cial

saf

ety

nets

(in

clud

ing

in A

DP)

Ongoing

Ongoing

DWA

Vuln

erab

le G

roup

Dev

elop

men

t of u

ltra

poor

wom

en (V

GD

UP)

Completed

Jan-07

Dec-11

1983

6 35

2 19

484

1606

70

15

36

6969

18

3 67

87

EU

Ongoing

Ongoing Jatio Mahila

SangsthaU

rban

Bas

ed M

argi

nal W

omen

D

evel

opm

ent

Ongoing

Jan-09

Sep-13

1882

18

82

0 12

5 12

5 0

253

253

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGD

Rura

l Em

ploy

men

t Opp

ortu

nity

for

publ

ic

Asse

ts (R

EOPA

)

Completed

Jul-06

Jun-12

2852

2 50

0 28

022

941

5 93

6 69

41

18

6923

EU, UNDP

Ongoing

Completed

LGED

CDSP

- Cha

r Dev

elop

men

t & S

ettle

men

t pr

ojec

t 3

Completed

Jul-05

Dec-10

3418

50

8 29

10

0 0

0 0

0 0

IFAD, EKN

No

Pipeline

LGED

Char

Dev

elop

men

t & S

ettle

men

t Pro

ject

-4

Ongoing

Jan-11

Dec-16

2336

1 49

96

1836

5 11

18

279

839

1118

27

9 83

9

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Enha

ncin

g Re

silie

nce

unde

r Ba

ngla

desh

Co

untr

y Pr

ogra

mm

e

Completed

Jul-08

Jun-12 21

393

1038

1 11

012

4655

24

74

2181

13

196

3688

95

08

WFP

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Pove

rty

alle

viati

on p

roje

ct th

roug

h ur

ban

parti

cipa

tion

(par

tner

ship

)

Ongoing

Jul-07

Jun-15

8260

2 56

45

7695

7 14

600

262

1433

8 27

753

1328

26

425

DFID, UNDP

Ongoing

Ongoing

LGED

Rura

l Em

ploy

men

t and

Roa

d m

aint

enan

ce

Prog

ram

me

(RER

MP)

Ongoing

Jul-08

Jun-13

9430

0 94

300

0 14

438

1443

8 0

2842

8 28

428

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

MoDMR

Com

preh

ensi

ve D

isas

ter

Man

agem

ent

Prog

ram

me

(2nd

Pha

se)

Ongoing

Jan-10

Dec-14

3610

0 60

1 35

500

5683

60

56

23

1006

7 11

2 99

55

SIDA, Norway, AUSAID,

187

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

No

Ongoing

MoSW

Supp

ort S

ervi

ce P

rogr

am fo

r the

Soc

ially

D

isad

vant

age

Wom

en a

nd G

irls

Ongoing

Jul-10

Dec-12

642

0 64

2 22

9 0

229

339

0 33

9

UNFPA

Ongoing

Ongoing

RDA Ac

tion

rese

arch

pro

ject

on

'Pov

erty

al

levi

ation

thro

ugh

RDA'

s IG

A tr

aini

ng a

nd

mic

rocr

edit

for

lives

tock

man

agem

ent,

bo

ttlin

g of

bio

gas

and

orga

nic

man

ure

prod

uctio

n at

mon

ga a

reas

'

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14

5156

51

56

0 98

5 98

5 0

1447

14

47

0

Ongoing

Completed

RDCD

Char

Liv

elih

oods

Pro

gram

me

- 1st

revi

sed

Completed

Jul-03

Jun-11

6675

0 90

4 65

846

0 0

0 0

0 0

DFID

No

Pipeline

RDCD

Char

Liv

elih

oods

Pro

gram

me

(CLP

II)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Dec-16

7948

8 12

53

7823

5 28

955

193

2876

2 28

955

193

2876

2

DFID

No

Ongoing

RDCD

Com

preh

ensi

ve V

illag

e D

evel

opm

ent

Prog

ram

2nd

pha

se

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-13

1059

3 10

593

0 14

27

1427

0

2793

27

93

0

DFID

Ongoing

Ongoing

RDCD

Econ

omic

Em

pow

erm

ent o

f the

Poo

rest

in

Ban

glad

esh

Ongoing

Feb-08

Jun-15 88

719

319

8840

0 11

532

33

1149

9 23

935

106

2382

9

DFID

Ongoing

Ongoing

RDCD

One

Hou

se O

ne F

arm

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14

1492

92

1492

92

0 44

003

4400

3 0

6243

3 62

433

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

9.2

9062

89

3754

22

5308

67

1740

03

8182

3 92

179

2721

14

1217

37

1503

77

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

990

9949

37

5459

53

4490

17

5259

81

834

9342

6 27

3385

12

1753

15

1632

188

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

10:

Com

mun

ity

base

d nu

triti

on

10:

Com

mun

ity

base

d nu

triti

on

10.1

: Com

mun

ity

base

d liv

elih

ood

and

nutr

ition

pr

ogra

mm

es,

build

ing

on th

e N

ation

al N

utritio

n Se

rvic

e (N

NS)

Pipeline

Pipeline

DGFP

Com

mun

ity B

ased

Hea

lth C

are

(CBH

C)

(HPN

SDP-

OP

3)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

2734

4 68

30

2051

4 40

9 0

409

409

0 40

9

GAVI

Pipeline

Pipeline

DGFP

Info

rmati

on, E

ducatio

n an

d Co

mm

unic

ation

(IEC

) (H

PNSD

P-O

P 23

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

2619

99

4 16

25

374

215

160

374

215

160

Pipeline

Pipeline

DGFP

Mat

erna

l, Ch

ild, R

epro

ducti

ve a

nd

Adol

esce

nt H

ealth

(MCR

AH) (

HPN

SDP-

OP

18)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

1485

6 33

83

1147

3 20

22

511

1512

20

22

511

1512

No

Ongoing

DGHS

NN

S-Co

mm

unity

bas

ed N

utritio

n (C

BN) i

n se

lect

ed a

rea

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

4915

7 14

40

4771

7 0

0 0

0 0

0

No

No

DGHS

NN

S-Co

nsul

tanc

y Se

rvic

e

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

2154

15

4 20

00

0 0

0 0

0 0

No

Ongoing

DGHS

NN

S-Co

ntro

l & p

reve

ntion

of A

naem

ia

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16 78

00

1800

60

00

12

0 12

12

0

12

No

Ongoing

DGHS

NN

S-Co

ntro

l of I

odin

e de

ficie

ncy

Dis

orde

r

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

2920

72

0 22

00

0 0

0 0

0 0

No

Ongoing

DGHS

NN

S-Co

ntro

l of V

itam

in-A

defi

cien

cy

diso

rder

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

1370

0 52

00

8500

18

11

212

1599

18

11

212

1599

No

Ongoing

DGHS

NN

S-Es

tabl

ishm

ent o

f nut

ritio

n Se

rvic

e in

CC

& G

MP

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

1262

1 50

0 12

121

0 0

0 0

0 0

189

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

10:

Com

mun

ity

base

d nu

triti

on

10.1

: Com

mun

ity

base

d liv

elih

ood

and

nutr

ition

pr

ogra

mm

es,

build

ing

on th

e N

ation

al N

utritio

n Se

rvic

e (N

NS)

No

No

DGHS

NN

S-Fo

od fo

rtific

ation

(Sal

t Iod

izati

on,

fortific

ation

of o

il/ot

her

food

with

Vi

tam

in ‘A

’, ir

on e

tc.)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

1400

10

0 13

00

0 0

0 0

0 0

No

No

DGHS N

NS-

Food

Qua

lity

and

Food

Saf

ety

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

2500

54

0 19

60

0 0

0 0

0 0

No

No

DGHS

NN

S-H

uman

res

ourc

e de

velo

pmen

t (H

RD)-

HN

PSP

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

8930

31

30

5800

18

7 0

187

187

0 18

7

No

No

DGHS

NN

S-In

stitutio

nal C

apac

ity D

evel

opm

ent

a) O

rien

tatio

n an

d A

dvoc

acy

of d

ivis

ion/

di

stri

ct u

pazi

la m

anag

ers

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

8658

64

46

2212

62

9 36

59

3 62

9 36

59

3

No

No

DGHS

NN

S-M

ulti

sect

oral

col

labo

ratio

n

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

2012

14

0 18

72

0 0

0 0

0 0

Pipeline

Pipeline

DGHS

NN

S-N

on-C

omm

unic

able

Dis

ease

s an

d ot

her p

ublic

hea

lth in

terv

entio

n (N

CD)

(HPN

SDP-

OP

7)-H

NPS

P

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

6645

17

69

4875

96

2 41

1 55

1 96

2 41

1 55

1

No

Ongoing

DGHS

NN

S-N

utritio

n in

em

erge

ncy

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

2736

20

0 25

36

0 0

0 0

0 0

No

Ongoing

DGHS

NN

S-O

ther

Mic

ronu

trie

nt p

robl

ems

of

Publ

ic H

ealth

impo

rtan

ce (

zinc

, vita

min

‘D

,’ ca

lciu

m e

tc.)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

1700

18

0 15

20

0 0

0 0

0 0

Pipeline

Pipeline

DGHS

NN

S-Pl

anni

ng, M

onito

ring

and

Res

earc

h

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

5300

10

00

4300

51

1 10

4 40

7 51

1 10

4 40

7

190

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

No

Ongoing

DGHS

NN

S-Pr

otectio

n, P

rom

otion

& S

uppo

rt o

f Br

eastf

eedi

ng/

Infa

nt a

nd Y

oung

Chi

ld

Feed

ing

(IYCF

) inc

ludi

ng B

FHI &

BM

S Co

de

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

3911

57

0 33

41

158

0 15

8 15

8 0

158

No

No

DGHS N

NS-

Scho

ol N

utritio

nal e

ducatio

n Pr

ogra

m

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

6416

48

0 59

36

142

0 14

2 14

2 0

142

No

Ongoing

DOFish

Stre

ngth

enin

g of

fish

erie

s an

d aq

uacu

lture

food

saf

ety

and

qual

ity

man

agem

ent s

yste

m in

Ban

glad

esh

Ongoing

Jul-10

Dec-14

9760

49

68

4792

16

18

215

1403

27

01

752

1950

EU

Ongoing

Ongoing

ERD

Prot

ectin

g an

d Pr

omoti

ng F

ood

Secu

rity

an

d N

utritio

n fo

r Fa

mili

es a

nd C

hild

ren

in

Bang

lade

sh

Ongoing

Mar-10

Mar-13

5549

0

5549

22

92

0 22

92

2292

0

2292

MDG-F (Spain)

Ongoing

Completed

MoHFW

Mic

ro N

utri

ent S

uppl

emen

tatio

n-H

NPS

P

Completed

Jul-03

Jun-11

1049

2 27

56

7736

0

0 0

1855

29

9 15

56

Ongoing

Completed

MoHFW

Nati

onal

Nut

ritio

n Pr

ogra

mm

e N

NP

Completed

Jul-03

Jun-11

1250

52

1434

4 11

0708

0

0 0

3731

10

11

2720

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

10.1

3342

32

5764

3 27

6589

11

127

1702

94

24

1779

7 35

49

1424

8

10:

Com

mun

ity

base

d nu

triti

on

10.2

: Sup

port

co

mm

unity

bas

ed

effor

ts o

f ho

mes

tead

ga

rden

ing,

rear

ing

smal

l liv

esto

ck,

aqua

cultu

re a

nd

awar

enes

s bu

ildin

g fo

r im

prov

ed

nutr

ition

Ongoing

Completed

DLS

Cons

ervatio

n &

Impr

ovem

ent o

f Nati

ve

Shee

p Th

roug

h Co

mm

unity

Far

min

g &

Co

mm

erci

al F

arm

ing

Proj

ect (

com

pone

nt

B)

Completed

Jul-06

Jun-11

385

385

0 0

0 0

74

74

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

10.2

385

385

0 0

0 0

74

74

0

191 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

peri

od

Jul'1

0-Ju

n'15

D

eliv

ery

in

FY

2011

/12

Tota

l del

iver

y

sinc

e Ju

l'10

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

10:

Com

mun

ity

base

d nu

triti

on

10.3

: Lin

k lo

ng

term

with

im

med

iate

tr

eatm

ent o

f ac

ute

mal

nutr

ition

, in

parti

cula

r thr

ough

th

erap

eutic

and

su

pple

men

tary

fe

edin

g

No

Ongoing

DGHS N

NS-

Com

mun

ity &

faci

lity

base

d m

anag

emen

t of s

ever

e ac

ute

mal

nutr

ition

(S

AM)

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

4500

15

00

3000

60

0

60

60

0 60

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

10.3

45

00

1500

30

00

60

0 60

60

0

60

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

10

3391

17

5952

8 27

9589

11

186

1702

94

84

1793

1 36

23

1430

7

11: O

rient

fo

od a

nd

nutr

ition

pr

ogra

m

thro

ugh

data

11.1

:Und

erta

ke

upda

ted

&

com

preh

ensi

ve

natio

nal s

urve

y of

fo

od c

onsu

mpti

on

& fo

od

com

positio

n

Pipeline

Ongoing

BBS

Nut

ritio

nal s

urve

illan

ce c

ompo

nent

Ongoing

Jul-09

Jun-14

640

4 63

6 13

5 0

135

271

0 27

1

EU

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

11.1

64

0 4

636

135

0 13

5 27

1 0

271

11: O

rient

fo

od a

nd

nutr

ition

pr

ogra

m

thro

ugh

data

11.2

: Und

erta

ke

stud

y of

die

tary

di

vers

ificatio

n &

su

pple

men

tatio

n ne

eds

and

advo

cacy

, aw

aren

ess

&

educ

ation

al

mat

eria

ls to

fa

cilit

ate

beha

viou

ral

chan

ge in

eati

ng

habi

ts &

pra

ctice

s

Pipeline

Ongoing

DGHS

NN

S-N

utritio

n Su

rvei

llanc

e Pr

ogra

m

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

4100

13

00

2800

0

0 0

0 0

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

11.2

41

00

1300

28

00

0 0

0 0

0 0

192 Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

perio

d Ju

l'10-

Jun'

15

Del

iver

y

in F

Y 20

11/1

2 To

tal d

eliv

ery

si

nce

Jul'1

0

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

11: O

rient

fo

od a

nd

nutr

ition

pr

ogra

m

thro

ugh

data

11.3

: Str

engt

hen

natio

nal c

apac

ities

in

surv

eyin

g an

d an

alys

is to

fa

cilit

ate

evid

ence

ba

sed

deci

sion

s

Ongoing

Completed

BBS

Agric

ultu

re C

ensu

s Pr

ojec

t-20

07

Completed

Jul-07

Jun-11

3995

39

95

0 0

0 0

170

170

0

FAO

Ongoing

Completed

BBS As

sist

ance

in th

e da

ta p

roce

ssin

g an

d an

alys

is o

f the

Ban

glad

esh

cens

us o

f ag

ricul

ture

Completed

Jul-09

Jun-11

11

0 11

0

0 0

11

0 11

FAO

Ongoing

Ongoing

BBS

Mon

itorin

g th

e si

tuati

on o

f Chi

ldre

n an

d W

omen

(Pha

se 2

)

Completed

Jul-07

Dec-11

1062

58

10

04

41

6 35

45

8 17

44

1

UNICEF

No

No

BBS

Mon

itorin

g th

e si

tuati

on o

f Chi

ldre

n an

d W

omen

(Pha

se 3

)

Ongoing

Jan-12

Dec-13

94

8 86

0

0

UNICEF

No

No

DGHS

NN

S-Es

tabl

ishm

ent o

f nut

rition

uni

t (N

U)

and

stre

ngth

enin

g of

exi

stin

g N

U

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16

4494

26

28

1866

36

6 0

366

366

0 36

6

No

Ongoing

DGHS

NN

S-M

onito

ring,

Eva

luati

on, O

peratio

ns

Rese

arch

, Sur

vey

Ongoing

Jul-11

Jun-16 23

00

500

1800

0

0 0

0 0

0

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

11.3

11

956

7189

47

67

407

6 40

1 10

04

187

817

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

11

1669

6 84

93

8203

54

3 6

537

1275

18

7 10

89

12: F

ood

Safe

ty a

nd

Qua

lity

Impr

ovem

ent

12.1

: Im

prov

e su

rvei

llanc

e sy

stem

of f

ood

born

e ill

ness

es

Ongoing

Ongoing

MoHFW

Impr

ovin

g Fo

od S

afet

y, Q

ualit

y an

d Fo

od

Cont

rol i

n Ba

ngla

desh

Ongoing

Jan-09

Dec-12

2393

27

4 21

19

293

0 29

3 45

6 15

44

1

EU

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

12.1

23

93

274

2119

29

3 0

293

456

15

441

12: F

ood

Safe

ty a

nd

Qua

lity

Impr

ovem

ent

12.2

: Dev

elop

and

en

hanc

e ca

pacitie

s of

la

bora

torie

s and

sy

stem

s for

food

Ongoing

Ongoing

MoHFW

Impr

ovin

g Fo

od S

afet

y, Q

ualit

y an

d Fo

od

Cont

rol i

n Ba

ngla

desh

Ongoing

Jan-09

Dec-12

1595

18

3 14

13

195

0 19

5 30

4 10

29

4

EU

193

Programme

Subprogramme

Included in CIP 2011 Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Project title

Project Status Project start Project end

Proj

ect b

udge

t for

the

perio

d Ju

l'10-

Jun'

15

Del

iver

y

in F

Y 20

11/1

2 To

tal d

eliv

ery

si

nce

Jul'1

0

DP

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tota

l G

oB

PA

qual

ity a

ssur

ance

an

d sa

fety

and

co

ntro

l of f

ood

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

12.2

15

95

183

1413

19

5 0

195

304

10

294

12: F

ood

Safe

ty a

nd

Qua

lity

Impr

ovem

ent

12.3

: Sup

port

the

deve

lopm

ent o

f a

mod

ern

food

co

ntro

l m

anag

emen

t sy

stem

No

Ongoing

BARI

Deve

lopm

ent o

f saf

e ve

geta

ble

prod

uctio

n te

chno

logy

util

izin

g m

unic

ipal

or

gani

c w

aste

in p

eri u

rban

are

as

Ongoing

Jan-11

Jun-13

919

919

0 39

5 39

5 0

395

395

0

JDCF

No

Ongoing

DOFish

Cont

rol o

f for

mal

in u

se in

fish

pr

eser

vatio

n an

d m

ass a

war

enes

s

Ongoing

Mar-11

Jun-14

699

699

0 33

0 33

0 0

330

330

0

Ongoing

Ongoing

DPHE

Stre

ngth

enin

g ca

paci

ty fo

r wat

er q

ualit

y an

alys

is a

nd m

onito

ring

syst

em in

Ba

ngla

desh

Completed

Apr-09

Mar-12

2143

20

21

23

2142

19

21

23

2142

19

21

23

EU

Ongoing

Ongoing

MoHFW

Impr

ovin

g Fo

od S

afet

y, Q

ualit

y an

d Fo

od

Cont

rol i

n Ba

ngla

desh

Ongoing

Jan-09

Dec-12

3989

45

7 35

31

488

0 48

8 76

0 25

73

5

EU

Sub

tota

l Sub

prog

ram

me

12.3

77

49

2095

56

54

3354

74

4 26

10

3626

76

9 28

57

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

12

1173

8 25

52

9186

38

42

744

3098

43

86

794

3592

To

tal p

roje

ct c

ost

5656

955

3387

304

2269

651

6344

00

3596

82

2747

18

1155

317

6879

81

4673

35

194 Anne

x 3.

5 Pr

ojec

ts in

the

CIP

pipe

line

as o

f Jun

e 20

12 (u

pdat

ed T

able

4.6

of C

IP 2

011)

Prog

ram

me

Subp

rogr

amm

e

Included in CIP 2011

Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Proj

ect ti

tle

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(lakh

taka

)

Suggested DP

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(mill

ion

USD

)

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tot

al

GoB

PA

1.1:

Enh

ance

rese

arch

& k

now

ledg

e ge

neratio

n an

d ad

optio

n to

incr

ease

ag

ricul

tura

l pro

ducti

vity

and

div

ersit

y in

a

sust

aina

ble

man

ner

No

No

BARI

Im

prov

ing

the

Rese

arch

and

Re

sear

ch in

fras

truc

ture

of B

ARI

1600

0

1600

0 0

23

23

0

Yes

Yes

BJRI

De

velo

pmen

t and

Dis

sem

inati

on

of A

gric

ultu

ral

Tech

nolo

gies

for

Jute

and

Alli

ed F

iber

Cro

ps

988

98

8 0

1 1

0

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

1.1

16

988

16

988

0 24

24

0

1: S

usta

inab

le

and

dive

rsifi

ed

agric

ultu

re

1.2:

Impr

ove

exte

nsio

n se

rvic

es to

pr

opag

ate

know

ledg

e &

pra

ctice

s, su

ppor

ted

by c

omm

unity

-bas

ed

expe

rimen

tatio

n &

lear

ning

and

indi

geno

us

know

ledg

e

Yes

Yes

AIS

Prom

otion

of

Digi

tal K

rishi

and

Li

velih

ood

Impr

ovem

ent t

hrou

gh

Agric

ultu

re &

com

mun

icati

on

Cent

er

1880

18

80

0

3 3

0

No

Yes

BADC

M

agur

a-Je

ssor

e- N

oril-

Khul

na-

Satk

hira

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

ral

Deve

lopm

ent P

roje

ct

2499

3

2499

3 0

36

36

0

Yes

Yes

BADC

Sy

lhet

Div

isio

n In

tegr

ated

Irr

igati

on D

evel

opm

ent P

roje

ct

8429

84

29

0

12

12

0

Yes

Yes

DAE

Gre

ater

Mym

ensin

gh In

tegr

ated

Ag

ricul

tura

l Dev

elop

men

t Pro

ject

53

310

53

310

0

77

77

0

No

Yes

DAE

Inte

grat

ed a

gric

ultu

ral

deve

lopm

ent p

roje

ct o

f Eas

t re

gion

20

37

0 20

37

3 0

3

Yes

Yes

DAE

Land

Util

izati

on a

nd C

rop

Inte

nsifi

catio

n in

Syl

het R

egio

n (P

hase

I)

4750

0

4750

0 0

68

68

0

No

Yes

DAE

Piro

jpur

Gop

alga

nj B

ager

hat

inte

grat

ed a

gric

ultu

ral

deve

lopm

ent p

roje

ct

2588

6

2588

6 0

37

37

0

No

Yes

DAE

Po

pula

risati

on o

f use

lea f

colo

ur

char

t and

sav

ing

urea

thro

ugh

its

use

0

0 0

0

195 Prog

ram

me

Subp

rogr

amm

e

Included in CIP 2011

Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Proj

ect ti

tle

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(lakh

taka

)

Suggested DP

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(mill

ion

USD

)

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tot

al

GoB

P

A

No

Yes

DAM

G

reat

er M

ymen

singh

Inte

grat

ed

Agric

ultu

ral D

evel

opm

ent P

roje

ct

1000

10

00

0

ADB

1 1

0

No

Yes

DAM

La

nd Util

izati

on a

nd C

rop

Inte

nsifi

catio

n in

Syl

het R

egio

n

2340

23

40

0

ADB

3 3

0

No

Yes

DAM

M

agur

a, Je

ssor

e, N

oril,

Khu

lna

and

Satk

hira

Inte

grat

ed A

gric

ultu

ral

Deve

lopm

ent P

roje

ct

2000

20

00

0

ADB

3 3

0

No

Yes

DAM

Pi

rojp

ur G

opal

ganj

Bag

erha

t in

tegr

ated

agr

icul

tura

l de

velo

pmen

t pro

ject

74

8

748

0

1 1

0

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

1.2

1701

23

1680

86

2037

245

242

3

1: S

usta

inab

le

and

dive

rsifi

ed

agric

ultu

re

1.3:

Pro

mot

e th

e de

velo

pmen

t of

resp

onse

s to

adap

t agr

icul

tura

l sys

tem

s to

clim

ate

chan

ge

No

Yes

DAE

Agric

ultu

ral a

dopti

on in

clim

ate

risk

pron

e ar

ea o

f Ban

glad

esh

1701

2

0

1701

2

AFSTF

24

0

24

No

Yes

DAE

Agric

ultu

ral s

uppo

rt fo

r sm

allh

olde

rs in

Sou

thw

este

rn

regi

on

1279

5

3695

91

00

18

5

13

No

No

DAM

Inte

grat

ed p

roje

ct fo

r En

viro

nmen

tal f

riend

ly S

usta

inab

le

Agric

ultu

re in

Hill

Are

a of

Ba

ngla

desh

5240

52

40

0

8 8

0

No

No

DAM

St

reng

then

ing

of a

gric

ultu

re

mar

ketin

g to

redu

ce c

limat

e ch

ange

risk

24

90

0

2490

PPCCTF

4 0

4

No

Yes

DDM

Co

nstr

uctio

n of

floo

d sh

elte

rs in

th

e flo

od p

rone

and

rive

r ero

sion

ar

eas (

2nd

phas

e)

1506

3

1506

3

0

22

22

0

No

No

DDM

Verti

cal e

xten

sion

of D

isas

ter

Man

agem

ent a

nd R

elie

f Bha

ban

and

cons

tructio

n of

relie

f god

owns

in

dis

aste

r pro

ne d

istric

ts

3651

36

51

0

5 5

0

No

Yes

DLS

Adap

tatio

n of

pou

ltry

and

lives

tock

re

arin

g in

the

cont

ext o

f clim

ate

2000

20

00

0

IDB

3 3

0

196

Prog

ram

me

Subp

rogr

amm

e

Included in CIP 2011

Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Proj

ect ti

tle

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(lakh

taka

)

Suggested DP

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(mill

ion

USD

)

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tot

al

GoB

P

A

chan

ge

No

Yes

LGED

Co

nstr

uctio

n of

Inte

grat

ed d

isast

er

shel

ter p

roje

ct

2400

00

0

2400

00

IDA

345

0 34

5

No

Yes

Mo

Food

Cl

imati

c ch

ange

rela

ted

drou

ght

man

agem

ent p

roje

ct

1380

0

0

1380

0

20

0 20

No

No

MoA

In

tegr

ated

Env

ironm

enta

l Frie

ndly

Pr

ojec

t for

Hill

Tra

cts

2500

0

0

2500

0

36

0 36

No

No

MoD

MR

Esta

blis

hmen

t of B

angl

ades

h Di

sast

er M

anag

emen

t Tra

inin

g an

d Re

sear

ch In

stitu

te

1404

0

1404

0

0

20

20

0

No

No

MoD

MR

Proc

urem

ent o

f sal

ine

w

ater

trea

tmen

t pla

nt

1800

0

1800

0

0

26

26

0

No

Yes

RDA

Multip

urpo

se u

se o

f sw

eet w

ater

fo

r clim

ate

victi

ms f

or li

velih

ood

impr

ovem

ent

1380

0

1031

6

3484

20

15

5

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

1.3

38

2891

72

005

31

0886

551

104

447

Su

b to

tal P

rogr

amm

e 1

57

0001

25

7078

31

2923

820

370

450

2: Im

prov

ed

wat

er

man

agem

ent

2.1:

Impr

ove

wat

er m

anag

emen

t in

wat

er

dist

ributi

on sy

stem

s and

at f

arm

leve

l

No

No

BADC

Ea

ster

n In

tegr

ated

Irrig

ated

Are

a De

velo

pmen

t Pro

ject

11

400

11

400

0

16

16

0

No

Yes

BADC

Proj

ect f

or ir

rigati

on e

xpan

sion

in

pove

rty

pron

e ar

eas u

nder

Gre

ater

Ra

ngpu

r dist

rict t

hrou

gh m

oder

n m

inor

irrig

ation

pra

ctice

s

4234

42

34

0

6 6

0

Yes

Yes

BMDA

M

easu

ring

usag

e an

d en

ergy

of

pre-

paid

pum

p ba

sed

on sm

art

card

24

85

2485

0

4 4

0

No

Yes

BRDB

Irr

igati

on e

xpan

sion

prog

ram

me

1983

19

83

0

3 3

0

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

2.1

20

102

20

102

0

2929

0

197

Prog

ram

me

Subp

rogr

amm

e

Included in CIP 2011

Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Proj

ect ti

tle

Fund

s re

quir

ed

betw

een

2012

-15

(lakh

taka

)

Suggested DP

Fund

s re

quir

ed

betw

een

2012

-15

(mill

ion

USD

)

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tot

al

GoB

P

A

2: Im

prov

ed

wat

er

man

agem

ent

2.2:

Impr

ove

& in

crea

se effi

cien

cy o

f su

rfac

e w

ater

irrig

ation

, in

parti

cula

r in

the

sout

h

No

No

BMD

A Im

prov

ing

surf

ace

wat

er ir

rigati

on

thro

ugh

rech

arge

wel

l and

m

aint

enan

ce o

f old

dee

p tu

bew

ell

0

0 0

0

Yes

Yes

BMD

A Ir

rigati

on P

rogr

amm

e Th

roug

h Su

rfac

e W

ater

Aug

men

tatio

n 50

00

5000

0

7 7

0

Yes

Yes

BWDB

Ch

andp

ur-C

omill

a In

tegr

ated

Fl

ood

Cont

rol,

Dra

inag

e an

d Ir

rigati

on P

roje

ct

1223

8 12

238

0

18

18

0

No

Yes

BWDB

Char

Kuk

ri-M

ikri flo

od c

ontr

ol,

drai

nage

and

pre

venti

on o

f sal

ine

wat

er in

trus

ion

proj

ect i

n th

e di

stric

t of B

hola

1326

1 13

261

0

19

19

0

No

Yes

BWDB

Fl

ood

cont

rol a

nd d

evel

opm

ent o

f Ka

mra

ngir

Char

10

805

1080

5 0

16

16

0

No

Yes

BWDB

Inte

grat

ed w

ater

reso

urce

s m

anag

emen

t of C

hala

n be

el a

rea

incl

udin

g be

el H

aloti

dev

elop

men

t pr

ojec

t

3640

5 36

405

0

52

52

0

No

Yes

BWDB

Ku

rigra

m Ir

rigati

on P

roje

ct (N

orth

U

nit)

53

700

0 53

700

IDB

77

0

77

No

Yes

BWDB

Re

-exc

avati

on o

f Kum

ar ri

ver

5294

52

94

0

IDB

8 8

0

No

Yes

BWDB

Re-e

xcav

ation

/dre

dgin

g of

M

ahan

anda

rive

r fro

m K

halg

at to

N

asip

ur a

t Sad

ar U

pazi

lla in

Ch

apai

naw

abga

nj D

istr

ict

7674

76

74

0

11

11

0

No

Yes

BWDB

Re

habi

litati

on o

f Rak

tada

h-Lo

hach

ura

beel

dra

inag

e sc

hem

e in

Nao

gaon

Dis

tric

t 17

20

1720

0

2 2

0

No

Yes

BWDB

Ri

ver b

ank

prot

ectio

n, fl

ood

cont

rol a

nd ir

rigati

on u

mbr

ella

pr

ojec

t (64

sub

-pro

ject

s)

5297

4 0

5297

4

76

0

76

198

Prog

ram

me

Subp

rogr

amm

e

Included in CIP 2011

Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Proj

ect ti

tle

Fund

s re

quir

ed

betw

een

2012

-15

(lakh

taka

)

Suggested DP

Fund

s re

quir

ed

be

twee

n 20

12-1

5 (m

illio

n U

SD)

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tot

al

GoB

P

A

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

2.2

1990

71

9239

6

1066

75

286

133

15

3

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

2

21

9173

11

2498

10

6675

315

162

15

3

3: Im

prov

ed

qual

ity o

f in

put a

nd s

oil

ferti

lity

3.1:

Enh

ance

ava

ilabi

lity

of a

gric

ultu

ral

inpu

ts, t

este

d an

d ce

rtifie

d fo

r qua

lity

of

dive

rsifi

ed c

rops

Yes

Yes

BAD

C In

tegr

ated

Agr

icul

ture

Pro

ducti

vity

Pr

ojec

t (IA

PP)

1610

69

2

917

GAFSP

2 1

1

No

No

BCIC

As

hugo

nj F

ertil

izer

Pro

ject

-II

0

0 0

0

No

No

BCIC

BM

R of

TSP

Com

plex

Ltd

. (TS

PCL)

45

000

45

000

0

65

65

0

No

No

BCIC

Co

nstr

uctio

n of

13

new

buff

er

godo

wns

at d

iffer

ent d

istr

icts

for

faci

litati

ng fe

rtiliz

er d

istr

ibuti

on

1380

6

1380

6

0

20

20

0

No

No

BCIC

N

orth

-wes

t fertil

izer

pro

ject

(N

WFP

) 54

9259

12

4219

42

5040

790

179

61

2

No

No

BCIC

Seng

up

of a

Mod

ern,

ene

rgy

effici

ent w

ith h

ighe

r cap

acity

ure

a fe

rtiliz

er fa

ctor

y in

the

vaca

nt la

nd

of U

FFL

& P

UFF

L

0

0 0

0

No

No

BCIC

Sust

aini

ng th

e In

stal

led

rate

d pr

oductio

n ca

paci

ty b

y re

pairi

ng o

f Ch

iag

ong

urea

Fertil

izer

Ltd

. (C

UFL

)

8000

0

8000

0

0

115

115

0

Yes

Yes

BMD

A En

hanc

ing

seed

pro

duci

ng c

apac

ity

of B

MD

A 34

16

3416

0

5 5

0

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

3.1

6930

91

2671

33

4259

57

997

384

61

3

3: Im

prov

ed

qual

ity o

f in

put a

nd s

oil

ferti

lity

3.2:

Dev

elop

pub

lic p

rivat

e pa

rtne

rshi

ps

thro

ugh

capa

city

dev

elop

men

t

No

No

BAD

C

Esta

blis

hing

See

d Pr

oces

sing

Ce

nter

and

Enh

anci

ng S

eed

multip

licati

on fa

rm a

t Sub

arna

char

in

Noa

khal

i

2400

24

00

0

3 3

0

No

No

BAD

C

Mai

nten

ance

and

reha

bilit

ation

of

existin

g fe

rtiliz

er s

tora

ge a

nd

stre

ngth

enin

g fe

rtiliz

er

man

agem

ent

2828

6

2828

6

0

41

41

0

199

Prog

ram

me

Subp

rogr

amm

e

Included in CIP 2011

Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Proj

ect ti

tle

Fund

s re

quir

ed

betw

een

2012

-15

(lakh

taka

)

Suggested DP

Fund

s re

quir

ed

betw

een

2012

-15

(mill

ion

USD

)

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tot

al

GoB

P

A

Yes

Yes

tbd

Prog

ram

mes

aim

ing

to d

evel

op

publ

ic p

rivat

e pa

rtne

rshi

ps

thro

ugh

capa

city

dev

elop

men

t 13

900

2085

11

815

20

3 17

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

3.2

4458

6 32

771

1181

5

6447

17

3: Im

prov

ed

qual

ity o

f in

put a

nd s

oil

ferti

lity

3.3:

Impr

ove

and

incr

ease

sus

tain

abili

ty o

f so

il fe

rtilit

y m

anag

emen

t

Yes

Yes

SRD

I Es

tabl

ishm

ent o

f soi

l and

ferti

lizer

te

sting

labo

rato

ries

and

rese

arch

ce

ntre

s

3115

31

15

0

4 4

0

Yes

Yes

SRD

I So

il Re

sour

ce M

anag

emen

t and

Fa

rmer

s Se

rvic

e Pr

ojec

t (SM

FS)

2000

20

00

0

3 3

0

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

3.3

5115

51

15

0

77

0 3:

Impr

oved

qu

ality

of

inpu

t and

soi

l fe

rtilit

y

3.4:

Fac

ilita

te a

cces

s to

cre

dit a

nd o

ther

fin

anci

al s

ervi

ces

by s

mal

lhol

ders

and

the

rura

l poo

r Ye

s Ye

s tb

d

Prog

ram

mes

aim

ing

to fa

cilit

ate

acce

ss to

cre

dit a

nd o

ther

fina

ncia

l se

rvic

es b

y sm

allh

olde

rs a

nd th

e ru

ral p

oor

1390

0 0

1390

0

20

0 20

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

3.4

1390

0 0

1390

0

200

20

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

3

75

6691

30

5019

45

1672

1089

439

650

4: F

ishe

ries

and

aqua

cultu

re

deve

lopm

ent

4.1:

Dev

elop

sm

all s

cale

aqu

acul

ture

, th

roug

h ac

cess

to q

ualit

y in

puts

, adv

ice

and

ski

lls

Yes

Yes

BFRI

Esta

blis

hing

Hao

r Fis

herie

s Re

sear

ch S

tatio

n in

Kis

hore

ganj

an

d Be

el F

ishe

ries

Rese

arch

St

ation

in G

opal

ganj

2135

9 21

359

0

31

31

0

No

Yes

DO

Fis

h Co

mm

unity

bas

e ba

or fi

sher

ies

man

agem

ent p

roje

ct

0

0 0

0

No

Yes

tbd

Prog

ram

mes

aim

ing

to fa

cilit

ate

acce

ss to

cre

dit a

nd o

ther

fina

ncia

l se

rvic

es b

y sm

allh

olde

rs a

nd th

e ru

ral p

oor

1390

0 0

1390

0

20

0 20

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

4.1

3525

9 21

359

1390

0

5131

20

4:

Fis

herie

s

4.2:

Impr

ove

man

agem

ent o

f fish

erie

s re

sour

ces

Yes

Yes

BFRI

D

evel

opm

ent a

nd D

isse

min

ation

of

Pea

rl Cu

lture

Tec

hnol

ogy

9634

96

34

0

14

14

0

No

Yes

DLS

Re

gion

al F

ishe

ries

and

Live

stoc

k D

evel

opm

ent P

roje

ct (N

oakh

ali

com

pone

nt)

9672

10

45

8627

DANIDA

14

2 12

200 Prog

ram

me

Subp

rogr

amm

e

Included in CIP 2011

Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Proj

ect ti

tle

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(lakh

taka

)

Suggested DP

Fund

s req

uire

d be

twee

n 20

12-1

5 (m

illio

n US

D)

Tota

l G

oB

PA

To

tal

GoB

P

A

and

aqua

cultu

re

deve

lopm

ent

No

Yes

DOFi

sh

Aqua

cultu

re d

evel

opm

ent a

nd

fishe

ries e

xten

sion

proj

ect i

n CH

T (3

rd p

hase

) 0

0 0

0

No

Yes

DOFi

sh

Cage

and

pen

cul

ture

ext

ensi

on

proj

ect

0

0 0

0

No

Yes

DOFi

sh

Esta

blis

hmen

t of b

eel n

urse

ry a

nd

finge

rling

stoc

king

in in

land

ope

n w

ater

s 0

0 0

0

No

Yes

DOFi

sh

Fish

erie

s se

ctor

rura

l de

velo

pmen

t pro

ject

(2nd

pha

se)

0

0 0

0

No

Yes

DOFi

sh

Fish

erie

s dev

elop

men

t and

co

nser

vatio

n in

and

aro

und

Sund

arba

n ar

eas

0

0 0

0

No

Yes

DOFi

sh

Inla

nd c

aptu

re fi

sher

ies

deve

lopm

ent p

roje

ct

1500

00

1405

00

9500

WB

216

202

14

No

Yes

DOFi

sh

Inte

grat

ed fi

sh c

ultu

re

deve

lopm

ent p

roje

ct in

unu

sed

wat

er b

odie

s 0

0 0

0

No

Yes

DOFi

sh

Inte

grat

ed p

rote

cted

are

a co

-m

anag

emen

t pro

ject

38

03

278

35

25

USAID

5 0

5

No

No

MoE

F Co

mm

unity

bas

ed su

stai

nabl

e m

anag

emen

t of T

angu

ar H

aor

Phas

e - I

II 10

52

41

1011

SDC

2 0

1

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

4.2

1741

61

1514

98

2266

3

251

218

33

4: F

ishe

ries

and

aqua

cultu

re

deve

lopm

ent

4.4:

Pro

mot

e pr

oductio

n in

the

Sout

h th

roug

h su

stai

nabl

e sh

rimp

and

praw

n de

velo

pmen

t and

com

mun

ity b

ased

co

man

agem

ent o

f wet

land

s

No

Yes

DOFi

sh

Fres

h w

ater

pra

wn

cultu

re

exte

nsio

n pr

ojec

t 0

0 0

0

No

Yes

DOFi

sh

Proj

ect o

n de

velo

pmen

t of c

oast

al

fishe

ries a

nd s

ocio

eco

nom

ic

stat

us o

f coa

stal

fish

ers

8500

12

00

7300

IDB, FAO, WB

12

2

11

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

4.4

8500

12

00

7300

12

2

11

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

4

21

7920

17

4057

43

863

314

250

63

5: L

ives

tock

de

velo

pmen

t 5.

1: S

tren

gthe

n an

imal

hea

lth se

rvic

es,

incl

udin

g be

tter d

iagn

osis

and

surv

eilla

nce

No

Yes

DLS

Live

stoc

k Di

seas

e Pr

even

tion

and

Cont

rol P

roje

ct

5045

50

45

0

7 7

0

201 Prog

ram

me

Subp

rogr

amm

e

Included in CIP 2011

Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Proj

ect ti

tle

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(lakh

taka

)

Suggested DP

Fund

s re

quire

d be

twee

n 20

12-1

5 (m

illio

n U

SD)

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tot

al

GoB

P

A

sy

stem

s to

miti

gate

dise

ase

outb

reak

s

Yes

Yes

DLS

Stre

ngth

enin

g of

the

Insti

tutio

nal

Capa

city

and

pol

icy

refo

rm o

f DLS

78

4

58

726

1 0

1

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

5.1

5829

51

03

726

8 7

1

5: L

ives

tock

de

velo

pmen

t

5.2:

Str

engt

hen

husb

andr

y ca

paci

ty a

t ho

useh

old

leve

l thr

ough

com

mun

ity b

ased

im

prov

ed k

now

ledg

e an

d ad

viso

ry se

rvice

s

No

Yes

BLRI

Co

mm

unity

bas

ed c

attle

rear

ing

for e

mpl

oym

ent g

ener

ation

and

po

vert

y re

ducti

on p

roje

ct

0

0 0

0

Yes

Yes

DLS

Com

mun

ity B

ased

Fod

der &

Oth

er

Unc

onve

ntion

al F

eed

Prod

uctio

n an

d De

velo

pmen

t for

Ani

mal

N

utriti

on P

roje

ct

1100

0

1000

10

000

16

1

14

Yes

Yes

DLS

Dairy

& B

eef D

evel

opm

ent f

or

Empl

oym

ent G

ener

ation

and

Po

vert

y Re

ducti

on

5500

0

5000

50

000

79

7

72

Yes

Yes

DLS

Smal

lhol

der d

airy

dev

elop

men

t pr

ojec

t in

milk

pot

entia

l are

as

6194

0

61

94

IDB

9 0

9

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

5.2

7219

4

6000

66

194

104

9

95

5: L

ives

tock

de

velo

pmen

t

5.3:

Impr

ove

avai

labi

lity

and

qual

ity o

f in

puts

thro

ugh

publ

ic p

rivat

e pa

rtne

rshi

ps

No

No

Milk

Vi

ta

Esta

blis

hmen

t of C

attle

Fee

d Pl

ant

for E

nhan

cing

Milk

Pro

ducti

on

2728

27

28

0

4 4

0

Yes

Yes

tbd

Prog

ram

mes

aim

ing

to im

prov

e av

aila

bilit

y an

d qu

ality

of i

nput

s th

roug

h pu

blic

priv

ate

part

ners

hips

1390

0

2085

11

815

20

3

17

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

5.3

1662

8

4813

11

815

24

7

17

5.4:

Liv

esto

ck

deve

lopm

ent

5.4:

Res

earc

h on

live

stoc

k de

velo

pmen

t, in

clud

ing

gene

tic im

prov

emen

t

No

Yes

BLRI

Te

chno

logy

dev

elop

men

t of

stra

tegi

c co

ntro

l of f

oot a

nd

mou

th d

isea

se

0

0 0

0

No

No

Milk

Vi

ta

Esta

blis

hmen

t of B

uffal

o Br

eadi

ng

Stati

on fo

r Enh

anci

ng M

ilk

Prod

uctio

n 16

50

1650

0

2 2

0

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

5.4

1650

16

50

0

2 2

0

Su

b to

tal P

rogr

amm

e 5

9630

2

1756

6

7873

5

139

25

113

202 Prog

ram

me

Subp

rogr

amm

e

Included in CIP 2011

Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Proj

ect ti

tle

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(lakh

taka

)

Suggested DP

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(mill

ion

USD

)

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tot

al

GoB

P

A

6: Im

prov

ed

acce

ss to

m

arke

ts

6.1:

Impr

ove

phys

ical

acc

ess t

o m

arke

ts,

faci

lities

and

info

rmati

on

No

No

DAM

En

surin

g Su

stai

nabl

e Ag

ricul

tura

l De

velo

pmen

t thr

ough

Acc

ess t

o M

arke

t and

Fin

ance

11

920

56

0

1136

0

IDB

17

1

16

No

No

DAM

Ex

tens

ion

and

deve

lopm

ent o

f e-

gove

rnan

ce o

f Dep

artm

ent o

f Ag

ricul

ture

Mar

ketin

g 82

3

823

0

1 1

0

No

No

DAM

Stre

ngth

enin

g ca

paci

ty b

uild

ing

of

depa

rtm

ent o

f agr

icul

ture

m

arketin

g (D

AM) i

n re

sear

ch a

nd

polic

y an

alys

is o

f agr

icul

ture

m

arketin

g in

form

ation

980

0

98

0

FAO

1 0

1

Yes

Yes

DRR

Cons

tructio

n of

sm

all

brid

ge/c

ulve

rt (u

p to

12

m lo

ng) o

n th

e ru

ral r

oads

(3rd

pha

se)

6950

0

6950

0

0

100

100

0

Yes

Yes

LGED

In

tegr

ated

Foo

d Se

curit

y th

roug

h Ru

ral I

nfra

stru

ctur

e De

velo

pmen

t 70

700

37

75

6692

5

102

5

96

No

Yes

LGED

Ru

ral T

rans

port

Impr

ovem

ent

Proj

ect (

RTIP

-2)

3343

05

9262

3

2416

81

IDA

481

133

34

8

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

6.1

4882

28

1672

81

3209

46

702

241

46

2

6: Im

prov

ed

acce

ss to

m

arke

ts

6.2:

Mob

ilize

and

pro

mot

e pr

oduc

er &

m

arketin

g gr

oups

for i

mpr

oved

mar

ket

acce

ss a

nd k

now

ledg

e

No

No

DAM

Impr

ovin

g m

arketin

g

effici

ency

thro

ugh

valu

e ch

ain

linka

ge d

evel

opm

ent i

n 6

sele

cted

di

stric

ts

1000

0

10

00

FAO

1 0

1

No

No

DAM

Stre

ngth

enin

g m

arketin

g se

rvic

es

of n

orth

-sou

ther

n re

gion

al

mar

kets

by

stre

ngth

enin

g Fa

rmer

s M

arketin

g G

roup

(FM

G) (

Bang

la)

400

40

0

0

1 1

0

No

Yes

DOC

Deve

lopm

ent o

f coo

perativ

es

base

d di

rect

mar

ketin

g sy

stem

of

agric

ultu

ral p

rodu

cts

2145

21

45

0

3 3

0

Yes

Yes

DOC

Expa

nsio

n of

Milk

Pro

duce

rs

Coop

erati

ve in

gre

ater

Far

idpu

r, Ba

risal

and

Khu

lna

Dist

rict f

or

3924

39

24

0

6 6

0

203 Prog

ram

me

Subp

rogr

amm

e

Included in CIP 2011

Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Proj

ect ti

tle

Fund

s req

uire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(lakh

taka

)

Suggested DP

Fund

s req

uire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(mill

ion

USD

)

Tota

l Go

B PA

T

otal

G

oB

PA

Redu

ction

of P

over

ty

No

Yes

DOC

Incr

easin

g ag

ricul

tura

l pro

ducti

on

and

creatio

n of

rura

l em

ploy

men

t th

roug

h vi

llage

bas

ed c

oope

rativ

es

0

0 0

0

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

6.2

7469

64

69

1000

11

9

1

6: Im

prov

ed

acce

ss to

m

arke

ts

6.3:

Dev

elop

ade

quat

e st

orag

e, p

roce

ssin

g an

d va

lue

additio

n an

d re

duce

was

te

thro

ugh

publ

ic-pr

ivat

e pa

rtne

rshi

ps

Yes

Yes

BFDC

Stre

ngth

enin

g BF

DC a

nd

deve

lopm

ent o

f fish

mar

ketin

g ne

twor

k in

clud

ing

valu

e ad

ded fis

h pr

oduc

t

3180

0

875

30

925

IDB

46

1

44

No

No

DAM

Ensu

ring

food

secu

rity

thro

ugh

enha

ncin

g va

lue

additio

n an

d pr

oces

sing

activ

ities

of a

gric

ultu

ral

com

mod

ities

in 1

0 se

lect

ed

dist

ricts

990

0

99

0

FAO

1 0

1

No

No

DAM

Godo

wn,

who

lesa

le m

arke

t in

fras

truc

ture

of a

gric

ultu

ral

prod

uct a

nd 6

regi

onal

trai

ning

ce

nter

reno

vatio

n an

d pr

eser

vatio

n pr

ogra

m (B

angl

a)

400

40

0

0

1 1

0

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

6.3

3319

0

1275

31

915

48

2

46

6: Im

prov

ed

acce

ss to

m

arke

ts

6.4:

Pro

mot

e an

d as

sist t

he d

evel

opm

ent o

f off

farm

acti

vitie

s and

rura

l bus

ines

ses

No

Yes

BRDB

Ru

ral l

ivel

ihoo

d pr

ojec

t (RL

P)

3314

2

1908

5

1405

7

48

27

20

No

Yes

DOC

Live

lihoo

d im

prov

emen

t of t

he

disa

dvan

tage

d w

omen

65

57

6557

0

9 9

0

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

6.4

3969

9

2564

2

1405

7

57

37

20

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

6

56

8585

20

0667

36

7918

818

289

52

9

7:

Impl

emen

tati

on a

nd

mon

itorin

g of

N

FP a

nd C

IP

actio

ns

7.1:

Str

engt

hen

capa

cities

to im

plem

ent,

mon

itor a

nd co

ordi

nate

Nati

onal

Foo

d Po

licy-

Plan

of A

ction

and

CIP

Ye

s Ye

s FP

MU

Prog

ram

mes

aim

ing

to fu

rthe

r st

reng

then

the

capa

cities

to

mon

itor a

nd im

plem

ent t

he N

FP

PoA

and

CIP

4500

10

0

4400

6 0

6

204

Prog

ram

me

Subp

rogr

amm

e

Included in CIP 2011

Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Proj

ect ti

tle

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(lakh

taka

)

Suggested DP

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(mill

ion

USD

)

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tot

al

GoB

P

A

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

7.1

45

00

100

4400

60

6

7:

Impl

emen

tati

on a

nd

mon

itorin

g of

N

FP a

nd C

IP

actio

ns

7.2:

Str

engt

hen

natio

nal c

apac

ities

for

desig

n, im

plem

entatio

n an

d m

onito

ring

of

CIP

oper

ation

s Ye

s Ye

s tb

d

Prog

ram

mes

aim

ing

to s

tren

gthe

n na

tiona

l cap

aciti

es fo

r des

ign,

co

ordi

natio

n, m

onito

ring

and

impl

emen

tatio

n of

CIP

pro

ject

s

1350

0 50

0 13

000

19

1 19

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

7.2

13

500

500

1300

0

191

19

7:

Impl

emen

tati

on a

nd

mon

itorin

g of

N

FP a

nd C

IP

actio

ns

7.3:

Str

engt

hen

capa

citie

s of

civ

il so

ciet

y or

gani

zatio

ns to

con

trib

ute

to C

IP

deve

lopm

ent a

nd im

plem

entatio

n Ye

s Ye

s tb

d

Prog

ram

mes

aim

ing

to s

tren

gthe

n th

e ca

pacitie

s of c

ivil

soci

ety

orga

nizatio

ns to

con

trib

ute

to C

IP

deve

lopm

ent a

nd im

plem

entatio

n

1500

0 0

1500

0

22

0 22

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

7.3

15

000

0 15

000

220

22

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

7

3300

0 60

0 32

400

471

47

8: E

nhan

ced

Publ

ic F

ood

Man

agem

ent

Syst

ems

8.1:

Enh

ance

effi

cien

cy a

nd effe

ctive

ness

of

Publ

ic F

ood

Man

agem

ent S

yste

ms

and

impr

ove

its im

pact

on

pric

e st

abili

zatio

n N

o N

o DG

Fo

od

Bang

lade

sh M

oder

n Fo

od S

tora

ge

faci

lities

Pro

ject

(BM

FSP)

- Co

mpo

nent

B

1737

5 0

1737

5

25

0 25

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

8.1

17

375

0 17

375

250

25

8: E

nhan

ced

Publ

ic F

ood

Man

agem

ent

Syst

ems

8.2:

Bui

ld c

apac

ities

of M

inist

ry o

f Foo

d an

d Di

sast

er M

anag

emen

t and

Dire

ctor

ate

of

Food

to b

etter

man

age

the

food

sys

tem

N

o N

o DG

Fo

od

Bang

lade

sh M

oder

n Fo

od S

tora

ge

faci

lities

Pro

ject

(BM

FSP)

- Co

mpo

nent

C

1737

5 0

1737

5

25

0 25

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

8.2

17

375

0 17

375

250

25

8: E

nhan

ced

Publ

ic F

ood

Man

agem

ent

Syst

ems

8.3:

Incr

ease

and

mod

erni

ze p

ublic

sto

rage

an

d ha

ndlin

g fa

ciliti

es, i

nclu

ding

in d

isas

ter

pron

e ar

eas

No

No

DG

Food

Bang

lade

sh M

oder

n Fo

od S

tora

ge

faci

lities

Pro

ject

(BM

FSP)

- Co

mpo

nent

A

1737

50

0 17

3750

WB

250

0 25

0

Yes

Yes

DG

Food

Cons

tructio

n of

100

,000

mt

capa

city

Vertic

al G

rain

Silo

at

Chitt

agon

g S

ilo P

rem

ises

, Ch

ittag

ong

4022

3 40

223

0

58

58

0

205 Prog

ram

me

Subp

rogr

amm

e

Included in CIP 2011

Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Proj

ect ti

tle

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(lakh

taka

)

Suggested DP

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(mill

ion

USD

)

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tot

al

GoB

P

A

Yes

Yes

DG

Food

Cons

tructio

n of

105

,000

mt

capa

city

new

Foo

d G

odow

ns w

ith

anci

llary

Fac

ilitie

s at

Diff

eren

t St

rate

gic

Locatio

ns o

f the

Cou

ntry

3674

0

3674

0

0

53

53

0

Yes

Yes

DG

Food

Co

nstr

uctio

n of

Flo

ur M

ill a

t Po

stag

ola,

Dha

ka

1302

0

1302

0

0

19

19

0

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

8.3

2637

33

8998

3

1737

50

379

129

25

0

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

8

29

8483

89

983

20

8500

429

129

30

0

9: Effe

ctive

sa

fety

net

s

9.1:

Str

engt

hen

insti

tutio

nal c

apac

ities

to

effectiv

ely

oper

ate

soci

al sa

fety

net

pr

ogra

mm

es a

nd fo

rmul

ate

a ne

w

inte

grat

ed st

rate

gy fo

r soc

ial s

afet

y ne

t pr

ogra

mm

es

No

Yes

BBS

Enlistin

g th

e ul

tra

poor

of

Bang

lade

sh

1691

6

0

1691

6

24

0

24

Yes

Yes

tbd

Capa

city

dev

elop

men

t and

in

stitutio

nal s

tren

gthe

ning

for

mor

e eff

ectiv

e sa

fety

net

s 35

000

50

00

3000

0

50

7

43

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

9.1

5191

6

5000

46

916

75

7

68

9: Effe

ctive

sa

fety

net

s

9.2:

Inve

stm

ent i

n em

ploy

men

t and

inco

me

gene

ratio

n of

soc

ial s

afet

y ne

ts (i

nclu

ding

in

ADP

)

No

No

DOC

Live

lihoo

d Im

prov

emen

t of t

he

Indi

geno

us C

omm

unity

thro

ugh

Coop

erati

ves

3635

36

35

0

5 5

0

No

Yes

DSS

Deve

lopm

ent a

nd e

xpan

sion

of

poor

and

destit

ute

trai

ning

and

re

habi

litati

on c

ente

r (2n

d ph

ase)

0

0 0

0

No

Yes

DSS

Shei

kh R

asel

trai

ning

and

re

habi

litati

on c

ente

r in

63 d

istric

ts

for t

he d

estit

ute

child

ren

(2nd

ph

ase)

0

0 0

0

No

Yes

DSS

Supp

ort s

ervi

ces p

rogr

amm

e fo

r th

e vu

lner

able

gro

up S

SVG

2nd

pa

rt

2000

20

00

0

3 3

0

Yes

Yes

LGED

Ru

ral I

nfra

stru

ctur

e De

velo

pmen

t Th

roug

h In

tegr

ated

Foo

d Se

curit

y 65

000

65

000

0

94

94

0

No

No

PDBF

Exte

nsio

n of

Pal

li Da

ridro

Bi

moc

hon

Foun

datio

n (P

DBF)

Ac

tiviti

es fo

r Pov

erty

Alle

viati

on &

Se

lf Em

ploy

men

t

2714

1

1999

1

7150

39

29

10

206 Prog

ram

me

Subp

rogr

amm

e

Included in CIP 2011

Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Proj

ect ti

tle

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(lakh

taka

)

Suggested DP

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(mill

ion

USD

)

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tot

al

GoB

P

A

No

Yes

RDCD

Co

mpr

ehen

sive

Villa

ge

Deve

lopm

ent P

rogr

am 3

rd p

hase

15

000

1500

0

0

22

22

0

No

No

SFDF

Li

velih

ood

Impr

ovem

ent o

f Eth

nic

and

Mar

gina

l Pop

ulati

on

6562

65

62

0

9 9

0

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

9.2

1193

38

1121

88

7150

172

161

10

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

9

17

1254

11

7188

54

066

246

169

78

10:

Com

mun

ity

base

d nu

triti

on

10.1

: Com

mun

ity b

ased

live

lihoo

d an

d nu

triti

on p

rogr

amm

es, b

uild

ing

on th

e N

ation

al N

utriti

on S

ervi

ce (N

NS)

No

Yes

MoS

W

Pove

rty

Redu

ction

and

Liv

elih

ood

Secu

rity

for o

f the

Peo

ple

of

Econ

omic

ally

Dep

ress

ed A

reas

83

19

8319

0

12

12

0

Yes

Yes

tbd

Inve

stm

ent i

n ag

ricul

tura

l res

earc

h to

impr

ove

prod

uctiv

ity o

f non

st

aple

food

s tha

t hav

e va

lue

additio

n an

d hi

gh n

utrie

nt v

alue

fo

r ens

urin

g im

prov

ed d

iet q

ualit

y

5560

55

60

0

8 8

0

Yes

Yes

tbd

Inve

stm

ent i

n so

cial

pro

tecti

on,

agric

ultu

re a

nd p

rice

polic

ies t

o im

prov

e su

pply

, ac

cess

and

de

man

d fo

r foo

ds c

onta

inin

g hi

gh

nutr

ient

val

ues n

otab

ly n

on c

erea

l cr

ops

5560

55

60

0

8 8

0

Yes

Yes

tbd

Mon

itorin

g an

d ev

aluatio

n fr

amew

ork

of h

ealth

, agr

icul

ture

, fo

od a

nd o

ther

rele

vant

sect

ors.

55

60

5560

0

8 8

0

Yes

Yes

tbd

Stre

ngth

enin

g an

d up

datin

g nu

triti

on b

ehav

ior c

hang

e co

mm

unic

ation

str

ateg

ies f

or

impr

ovin

g nu

triti

onal

stat

us,

espe

cial

ly w

omen

and

chi

ldre

n

5560

55

60

0

8 8

0

Yes

Yes

tbd

Trai

ning

and

cap

acity

bui

ldin

g of

fa

rmer

s and

ext

ensio

n w

orke

rs o

n fo

od b

ased

nut

rition

and

hea

lth

acro

ss a

ge g

roup

s alo

ng w

ith

parti

cipa

tory

fiel

d m

onito

ring

and

eval

uatio

n.

5560

55

60

0

8 8

0

207

Prog

ram

me

Subp

rogr

amm

e

Included in CIP 2011

Included in CIP 2012

GoB Agency

Proj

ect

tle

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(lakh

taka

)

Suggested DP

Fund

s re

quire

d

betw

een

2012

-15

(mill

ion

USD

)

Tota

l G

oB

PA

Tot

al

GoB

P

A

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

10.1

36

119

36

119

0

52

52

0

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

10

3611

9

3611

9

0

52

52

0

11: O

rient

fo

od a

nd

nutr

ition

pr

ogra

m

thro

ugh

data

11.1

: Und

erta

ke u

pdat

ed &

com

preh

ensiv

e na

tiona

l sur

vey

of fo

od c

onsu

mpt

ion

&

food

com

positi

on

Yes

Yes

tbd

Und

erta

ke u

pdat

ed &

co

mpr

ehen

sive

natio

nal s

urve

y of

fo

od c

onsu

mpti

on &

food

co

mpo

sition

4500

70

0

3800

6 1

5

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

11.1

45

00

700

38

00

6 1

5

Su

b to

tal P

rogr

amm

e 11

45

00

700

38

00

6 1

5

12

: Foo

d sa

fety

and

qu

ality

im

prov

emen

t

12.1

: Im

prov

e su

rvei

llanc

e sy

stem

of f

ood

born

e ill

ness

es

Yes

Yes

tbd

Impr

ove

surv

eilla

nce

syst

em o

f fo

od b

orne

illn

esse

s 85

00

0

8500

12

0

12

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

12.1

85

00

0

8500

12

0

12

12 Fo

od

safe

ty a

nd

qual

ity

impr

ovem

ent

12.2

: Dev

elop

and

enh

ance

cap

aciti

es o

f la

bora

torie

s an

d sy

stem

s for

food

qua

lity

assu

ranc

e an

d sa

fety

and

con

trol

of f

ood

Yes

Yes

DOFi

sh

Deve

lopm

ent o

f fish

erie

s an

d aq

uacu

lture

food

saf

ety

and

qual

ity m

anag

emen

t sys

tem

in

Bang

lade

sh

9760

49

68

4792

EU

14

7

7

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

12.2

97

60

4968

47

92

14

7

7

12: F

ood

safe

ty a

nd

qual

ity

impr

ovem

ent

12.3

: Sup

port

the

deve

lopm

ent o

f a

mod

ern

food

con

trol

man

agem

ent s

yste

m

No

Yes

DLS

Faci

lities

dev

elop

men

t for

pr

oductio

n of

safe

mea

t 70

0

0

700

IDB

1

0

1

Sub

tota

l sub

prog

ram

me

12.3

70

0

0

700

1

0

1

Sub

tota

l Pro

gram

me

12

1896

0

4968

13

992

27

7

20

208 Anne

x 3.

6: D

evel

opm

ent p

artn

ers

cont

ributi

on

Anne

x 3.

6a: D

Ps C

ontr

ibuti

ons

thro

ugh

the

ADP

and

chan

ges

betw

een

July

201

0 an

d Ju

ne 2

012

(mill

ion

USD

) - T

able

4.2

. in

CIP

2011

CIP programme

Food

Ava

ilabi

lity

Food

Acc

ess

Food

Util

izati

on

Total CIP 2013

Change between CIP 2013 and CIP 2012

Change between CIP 2012 and CIP 2011

Change between CIP 2013 and CIP 2011

1. Sustainable and diversified agriculture through integrated

research and extension

2. Improved water resource management and infrastructure for

irrigation purposes

3. Improved quality of inputs and soil fertility

4. Fisheries and aquaculture development

5. Livestock development, with a focus on poultry and dairy production

Sub total Availability

6. Improved access to market, value addition in agriculture and non farm

incomes

7. Strengthened capacities for implementation and monitoring of

NFP and CIP actions

8. Enhanced public food management system

9. Institutional Development and Capacity Development for more

effective safety nets

Sub total Access

10. Community based nutrition programmes and services

11. Orient food and nutrition actions through data

12. Food safety and quality improvement

Sub total Utilization

Budget beyond the CIP period

ADB

22.5

55

.2

22.0

-

5.1

104.

9 15

6.4

0.8

- -

157.

2 -

- -

- 26

2.2

10.3

63

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74.0

69

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AusA

id

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- -

12.4

12

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- -

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3 9.

3 -

- -

- 21

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(7.6

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3 (4

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1.8

DAN

IDA

7.8

- -

7.6

6.1

21.5

37

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- -

- 37

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- -

- -

58.5

26

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(33.

1)

(6.5

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DFID

12

0.0

- -

- 10

2.0

222.

0 42

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- -

167.

7 21

0.2

143.

0 -

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3.0

575.

1 15

9.7

29.6

18

9.3

52.9

EK

N

- 59

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- -

- 59

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- -

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(5.5

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24.6

) 9.

2 EU

2.

2 -

13.7

(0

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(0.3

) 15

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6 -

48.6

51

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31.0

7.

6 8.

2 46

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113.

5 1.

8 6.

5 8.

3 -

FAO

0.

3 -

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0.5

6.6

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7.1

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2 -

0.2

7.6

6.9

(0.1

) 6.

8 -

GAF

SP

35.0

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1.8

5.2

4.3

46.3

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3.7

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3.7

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50.0

50

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- 50

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B 2.

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35.0

4.

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41.7

3.

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3.3

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45.0

(0

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5.5

5.4

- IF

AD

15.7

26

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9 -

45.1

23

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- 23

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68.6

(1

7.1)

45

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27.9

17

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JICA

- 62

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2.5

65.3

18

6.0

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6.1

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271.

4 (2

1.1)

18

2.5

161.

4 6.

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C -

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2 -

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6.2

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6.2

6.2

- 6.

2 2.

4 U

ND

P 9.

8 -

5.9

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15.7

-

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1.7

1.7

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17.4

(9

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(14.

3)

(23.

5)

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NIC

EF

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0 (1

5.0)

(1

1.0)

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USA

ID

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2.5

2.5

13.0

14

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27.4

14

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14.7

44

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23.5

16

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39.6

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FP

- 12

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33

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6.3

39.8

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46.8

0.

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23.7

W

orld

Ban

k 62

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84.8

31

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194.

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183.

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378.

0 3.

5 19

1.7

195.

2 -

Chin

a -

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560.

0 -

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560.

0 56

0.0

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IZ

2.3

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8 -

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3.8

(6.7

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3.8

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orw

ay

15.7

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15.7

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Spai

n -

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8.0

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8.0

8.0

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0 8.

0 -

Italy

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7 -

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2.7

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2.7

2.7

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7 0.

3

Tota

l DP

295.

8 30

1.5

671.

7 24

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150.

6 1,

444.

0 50

4.6

28.2

20

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416.

6 96

9.5

200.

7 7.

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6.7

2,63

0.2

834.

5 39

6.7

1,23

1.3

186.

4

Shar

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tota

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11

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25

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0.

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5.7%

54

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19

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1.

1%

0.8%

15

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36

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7.

6%

0.3%

0.

3%

8.2%

10

0.0%

-

209

Ann

ex 3

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Cont

ribu

tion

s ou

tsid

e th

e A

DP

and

chan

ges

betw

een

July

201

0 an

d Ju

ne 2

012

(mill

ion

USD

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able

4.3

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CIP

2011

CIP programme

Food

Ava

ilabi

lity

Food

Acc

ess

Food

Uti

lizati

on

Total CIP 2013

Change between CIP 2013 and CIP 2012

Change between CIP 2012 and CIP 2011

Change between CIP 2013 and CIP 2011

1. Sustainable and diversified agriculture through integrated

research and extension 2. Improved water resource

management and infrastructure for irrigation purposes

3. Improved quality of inputs and soil fertility

4. Fisheries and aquaculture development

5. Livestock development, with a focus on poultry and dairy production

sub total Availability

6. Improved access to market, value addition in agriculture and non farm

incomes 7. Strengthened capacities for

implementation and monitoring of NFP and CIP actions

8. Enhanced public food management system

9. Institutional Development and Capacity Development for more

effective safety nets

sub total Access

10. Community based nutrition programmes and services

11. Orient food and nutrition actions through data

12. Food safety and quality improvement

sub total Utilization

Budget beyond the CIP period

Aus

Aid

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1.7

- -

- 1.

7 -

- -

79.6

79

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81.3

14

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33.9

48

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6.2

DFI

D

13.0

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131.

8 14

4.8

14.8

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65.5

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0.3

13.0

14

6.6

159.

6 -

EKN

6.

1 -

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1 -

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(1.2

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(1.4

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EU

17.1

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1.0

18.1

1.

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37.0

9.

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4 64

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9 -

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1.3

0.4

0.9

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AD

-

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32.8

0.

0 (5

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(5.7

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JICA

-

- -

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- 21

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21.7

21

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- 21

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C

1.5

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1.5

14.1

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14.1

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2.9

0.1

3.0

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ND

P -

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0.3

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SAID

66

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24.9

24

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139.

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120.

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18.0

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7.0

7.0

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9 -

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9 (8

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Nor

way

0.

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6 -

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0.6

0.6

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Tota

l DP

10

5.0

2.1

23.1

24

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164.

9 32

0.1

72.8

23

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21.7

16

6.1

284.

5 13

2.6

0.4

- 13

2.9

737.

5 28

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191.

2 21

9.5

14.9

Shar

e on

tota

l 14

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0.

3%

3.1%

3.

4%

22.4

%

43.4

%

9.9%

3.

2%

2.9%

22

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38

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18

.0%

0.

0%

0.0%

18

.0%

10

0.0%

210 Ann

ex 3

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Poss

ible

futu

re c

ontr

ibuti

ons

thro

ugh

and

outs

ide

the

AD

P (m

illio

n U

SD) -

Tab

le 4

.4. i

n CI

P 20

11

CIP programme Fo

od A

vaila

bilit

y Fo

od A

cces

s Fo

od Uti

lizati

on

Change between CIP 2013 and CIP 2012

Change between CIP 2012 and CIP 2011

Change between CIP 2013 and CIP 2011

Budget beyond the CIP period

1. Sustainable and diversified agriculture through integrated research and

extension 2. Improved water resource

management and infrastructure for irrigation purposes

3. Improved quality of inputs and soil fertility

4. Fisheries and aquaculture development

5. Livestock development, with a focus on poultry and dairy production

sub total Availability

6. Improved access to market, value addition in agriculture and non farm

incomes 7. Strengthened capacities for

implementation and monitoring of NFP and CIP actions

8. Enhanced public food management system

9. Institutional Development and Capacity Development for more

effective safety nets

sub total Access

10. Community based nutrition programmes and services

11. Orient food and nutrition actions through data

12. Food safety and quality improvement

sub total Utilization

Total CIP 2013

AD

B

20.0

0.

8 7.

0 -

- 27

.8

461.

8 -

-

- 46

1.8

- -

- -

489.

6 46

9.1

(49.

5)

419.

6 18

.08

DA

NID

A

26.3

-

- -

- 26

.3

4.5

- -

- 4.

5 -

- -

- 30

.7

(29.

3)

(15.

0)

(44.

3)

30.8

8 D

FID

-

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

108.

1 -

- 10

8.1

108.

1 54

.3

35.6

89

.9

27.0

8 EK

N

9.8

23.4

-

- -

33.1

-

- -

- -

- -

12.5

12

.5

45.6

3.

1 (8

3.7)

(8

0.6)

40

.33

EU

- -

- -

- -

- -

- 3.

5 3.

5 -

0.5

- 0.

5 4.

0 (1

06.0

) 11

0.0

4.0

5.60

FA

O

0.3

2.5

- -

0.1

2.9

0.1

- -

- 0.

1 -

- -

3.0

3.0

(4.4

) (1

.4)

- G

AFS

P 35

.0

- 1.

8 5.

2 4.

3 46

.3

- 3.

7 -

- 3.

7 -

- -

- 50

.0

0.0

50.0

50

.0

-

IFA

D

24.0

2.

6 -

- -

26.6

12

1.3

- -

- 12

1.3

- -

- -

147.

8 (5

6.2)

17

7.0

120.

8 57

.16

JICA

-

- -

- -

- -

- 21

.7

- 21

.7

- -

- -

21.7

21

.7

- 21

.7

- SD

C

- -

- -

- -

23.1

-

- -

23.1

-

- -

- 23

.1

14.6

(6

.5)

8.1

2.16

UN

DP

2.2

- -

- -

2.2

- -

- 1.

0 1.

0 -

- -

- 3.

2 3.

2 -

3.2

-

UN

ICEF

-

- -

- -

- -

- -

- -

5.6

0.5

- 6.

1 6.

1 6.

1 (8

0.0)

(7

3.9)

-

USA

ID

16.7

15

.0

11.3

-

- 43

.0

88.9

7.

5 -

- 96

.4

0.9

- 5.

0 5.

9 14

5.3

(113

.3)

189.

5 76

.2

10.3

3 W

FP

- 0.

8 -

0.3

0.5

1.6

2.3

- -

15.8

18

.1

14.9

-

- 14

.9

34.7

(2

1.0)

(7

3.1)

(9

4.2)

2.

22

Wor

ld B

ank

32.0

32

.0

15.0

-

8.0

87.0

-

- 27

5.0

50.0

32

5.0

- -

- -

412.

0 87

.0

54.5

14

1.5

-

GIZ

6.

1 -

- -

- 6.

1 -

- -

- -

- -

- -

6.1

(0.0

) 6.

1 6.

1 -

Spai

n 30

.0

30.0

-

- -

60.0

30

.0

- -

- 30

.0

- -

- -

90.0

90

.0

- 90

.0

-

Tota

l DP

20

2.2

107.

1 35

.1

5.6

12.9

36

2.8

732.

0 11

.1

296.

7 70

.3

1,11

0.2

129.

5 1.

0 17

.5

148.

1 1,

621.

1 (1

34.2

) 87

1.0

736.

8 19

3.8

Shar

e on

tota

l 12

.5%

6.

6%

2.2%

0.

3%

0.8%

22

.4%

45

.2%

0.

7%

18.3

%

4.3%

68

.5%

8.

0%

0.1%

1.

1%

9.1%

10

0.0%