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![Page 1: National Computational Science Alliance The Emergence of the NT/Intel Standard Talk Given to Visitors from Compaq and Allstate January 14, 1998.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649cf95503460f949c9f49/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
National Computational Science Alliance
The Emergence of the NT/Intel Standard
• Talk Given to Visitors from Compaq and Allstate
• January 14, 1998
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National Computational Science Alliance
The Alliance National Technology Grid
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National Computational Science Alliance
MREN and STAR-TAP
MREN - America’s First Operational Gigapop - Midwest Sites
OC12 vBNS Indiana Hub
Indiana Univ
Purdue
Wisconsin
Minnesota/LCSE
NCSA
Michigan Hub
U Michigan Michigan State
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National Computational Science Alliance
Alliance National Technology GridWorkshop and Training Facilities
Powered by Silicon GraphicsLinked by the NSF vBNS
![Page 5: National Computational Science Alliance The Emergence of the NT/Intel Standard Talk Given to Visitors from Compaq and Allstate January 14, 1998.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649cf95503460f949c9f49/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
National Computational Science Alliance
How to Find out More About the Alliance
See also http://alliance.ncsa.uiuc.edu
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National Computational Science Alliance
NCSA Industrial Partners
• Allstate Insurance Co.• Boeing Company• Caterpillar Inc.• Eastman Kodak Co.• Eli Lilly and Company• FMC Corporation• Ford Motor Company• J. P. Morgan
• Motorola, Inc.• Phillips Petroleum Co.• SABRE Group, Inc.• Schlumberger• Sears, Roebuck & Co.• Shell Oil Company• Tribune Company
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National Computational Science Alliance
Exponential Cascade:From Leading Edge to Consumer Electronics
1985 Cray X-MP
Cost:$8,000,000
60,000 watts of power
No Built in Graphics
56 kbps NSFnet Backbone
1997 Nintendo 64
Cost: $149
5 watts of power
Interactive 3D Graphics
64 kbps ISDN to Home
Source: Silicon Graphics, 1997
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National Computational Science Alliance
From Hyper-Boutique to Commercially Driven TOP500 Systems by Vendor
TOP500 Reports: http://www.netlib.org/benchmark/top500.html
CRI
SGI
IBM
Convex
HP
SunTMC
Intel DEC
JapaneseOther
0
100
200
300
400
500Ju
n-9
3
No
v-93
Jun
-94
No
v-94
Jun
-95
No
v-95
Jun
-96
No
v-96
Jun
-97
No
v-97
Nu
mb
er
of
Sy
ste
ms
OtherJapaneseDECIntelTMCSunHPConvexIBMSGICRI
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National Computational Science Alliance
Replacement of Shared Memory Vector Supercomputers by Microprocessor SMPs
0
100
200
300
400
500
Ju
n-9
3
No
v-93
Ju
n-9
4
No
v-94
Ju
n-9
5
No
v-95
Ju
n-9
6
No
v-96
Ju
n-9
7
No
v-97
To
p50
0 In
stal
led
SC
’s
MPP
SMP/DSM
PVP
TOP500 Reports: http://www.netlib.org/benchmark/top500.html
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National Computational Science Alliance
NCSA’s Three Eras of Architecture
1985
Shared Memory Vector Processors
Distributed Memory Systems
Shared Memory Microprocessors
1990 1995
Cray X-MP Cray Y-MP
Cray 2 Convex C3
TMC CM-2 TMC CM-5
HP Cluster
SGI Power Challenge
IBM Cluster
Alliant FX/80
2000
Intel Cluster
SGI PC Array
SGI SMP SGI Origin
HP SPP-2000
Convex SPP-1000
Convex C2
HP SPP-3000
SGI / CraySN-1
Large Scale NT/Intel Array?
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National Computational Science AllianceFuture Upgrade Under Negotiation with NSF
1995-2002 NCSA Moves to UNIX/RISC Scalable Shared Memory Clusters
CM-5
CM-2
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National Computational Science Alliance
How Did a Supercomputer Center Get Into Enterprise Knowledge Management?
• Microprocessor Market Convergence– NT/Intel Challenging UNIX/RISC
• Desktop Software Tool Development– From NCSA Telnet to NCSA Mosaic
• Large Scientific Databases– From Scientific Visualization to Info Viz
• Emergence of Distributed Object Architecture– Java, ActiveX, CORBA, and the Web
• Supercomputer Center to PACI– Need to Create Alliance Intranet and Collaboratory
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National Computational Science Alliance
The Coming Integration of Technical and Commercial Computing
• The Emergence of High Performance Commercial Computing– Computational Knowledge Management– Focus on:
– Large Data Sets and Information Visualization– AI Techniques for Data Mining– Optimization and Decision Support– Financial “Rocket Science”
• NT / UNIX Interoperability and Scalability– HP and SGI UNIX DSMs– Scalable Microsoft NT Clusters and NCSA Symbio– Merced Processor in FY99-00
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National Computational Science Alliance
NCSA NT/Intel Projects
• NCSA Microsoft Intranet– Internet Explorer 4.0 and Office 97– Active Desktop (ActiveX & Push Technologies)– NT 5.0 (Active Directory, Kerberos, Dfs)
• NT/UNIX Interoperability Testbed– HP NT Pentium Pro Classroom & NT/UNIX Servers– UNIX Programming Environment on NT PC
• Computing on NT Network– NCSA Symbio
• NT Cluster Scalability– Tightly Coupled SMP Clusters (Chien / Iyer)
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National Computational Science Alliance
Alliance NT Cluster Approaches
• Target High Performance Applications– Scientific and Engineering– Business and Information-Intensive
• Fast Messaging-Andrew Chien, UIUC DCS– High Performance Network Backplane on SMPs– Support for MPI-FM, MPI-2 put/get, global arrays
• NCSA Symbio- Briand Sanderson, UIUC NCSA– Parallel Distributed Computing Environment– DCOM / COM based over Desktops and Servers
• Treadmarks- Willy Zwaenepol, Rice CRPC– Software DSM over NT Cluster
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National Computational Science Alliance
“RISC on the Desktop: Game Over” - The Slater Perspective
• Compaq, Dell, IBM, HP, Digital, NEC, Sequent,...– Vendors Committed to Intel Merced
• SGI and MIPS– SGI will produce NT/Intel Products– Future of MIPS Undecided
• Sun and SPARC– Committed to Solaris/Merced
• Merced will overtake – RISC Performance by 2001– RISC Workstation/Server Market Share by 2005
• 64-bit NT/Intel Roadmap– Intel Builds DEC Alpha for Interim– Intel Merced by late 1999
Microprocessor Report Nov. 17, 1997
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National Computational Science Alliance
The Road to Merced
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National Computational Science Alliance
Public Speculations on the 32-bit Intel Roadmap
• Pentium II– 1st Half 1998
• Deschutes– 2nd Half 1998
• Katmai– 1st Half 1999– MMX Enhancements
– Floating Point, UNIX platform– Faster User Interface
– 3D Graphics (4X AGP), Speech Recognition
– Higher Memory Bandwidth Using Rambus• Willamette
– 2nd Half 1999
PC Week 1/14/98
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National Computational Science Alliance
1996 Corporate PC Sales:Why NCSA is Partnering with HP & Compaq
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Compaq Dell HP IBM Gateway Acer Apple Micron Digital AST
Un
its
Sh
ipp
ed (
mill
ion
s)
Source: Dataquest Inc. (PC Magazine Feb.17, 1997)
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National Computational Science Alliance
Allstate Pioneering an NT Intranet
• Standard Software Environment– Microsoft Office
– Microsoft Outlook / Exchange
– Internet Explorer
– Windows NT Desktop / Server for Intel Platforms
– Oracle Database Technology– CA Unicenter (TNG)
• TCP/IP Network– T3 Backbone– Sonet Ring Technology
• Partnering with NCSA as Microsoft / HP Testbed• Partnering with NCSA and Computer Associates
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National Computational Science Alliance
The Emergence of Knowledge Management
October 20, 1997
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National Computational Science Alliance
NCSA / AllstateNT Cluster Data Refinery
Visualization Stations
Compaq
NT Server
•Data Management Engine
• CORBA/Java Orbs
• High-Speed Interconnect
•Distributed File System
•Query Capability
•Visualization Tools
•Parallel Rule Construction
External Networks
Source: Allstate & Tilt Thompkins, NCSA
Compaq
NT Server
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National Computational Science Alliance
NCSA Automated Learning Applications - High Performance Commercial Computing
• Risk Assessment• Customer Retention• Market Segmentation• Fraud Detection• Automatic Text Document Classification• Effluent Quality Control• Plant Optimization• Smart Buildings• Secondary Protein Structure Prediction• Drug Classification• Precision Farming
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National Computational Science Alliance
1998-2005 NCSA Moves to Scalable NT/Intel Clusters of SMP
• Schedule of Goals– 1998 Deploy First Production Clusters
– Scientific and Engineering Tuned Cluster
– Data Intensive Tuned Cluster
– 1999 Enlarge to 512-Processors in Cluster
– 2000 Move to Merced
– 2002-2005 Achieve Teraflop Performance
• UNIX/RISC & NT/UNIX will Co-exist for 5 Years – 1998-2000 Move Applications to NT/Intel
– 2000-2005 Convergence toward NT/IAP-64