National Climate Change Action Planning: Experiences from...
Transcript of National Climate Change Action Planning: Experiences from...
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2012/ISTWG/WKSP/008
National Climate Change Action Planning: Experiences from the Philippines
Submitted by: Manila Observatory
Workshop on Climate Change Adaptation in the Asia-Pacific: Observations and
Modeling Tools for Better Planning Singapore
16-17 August 2012
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National Climate Change Action Planning:
Experiences from the Philippines
C. Kendra Gotangco Castillo1,2,
Jessica Dator-Bercilla3
Inez Ponce de Leon1
1Manila Observatory
2Department of Environmental
Sciences, Ateneo de Manila
University
3Ateneo School of Government
Complementary to local government initiatives:
�Building the supporting institutional
infrastructure:
�Legal instruments and frameworks
�Funding sources
�Facilitating capacity-building
National Government Initiatives
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NFS
National CC Action Plan
Climate change considerations
as “mainstreamed” into rather
than additional to current
sectoral and development plans.
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� RA 9729: Climate Change Act of 2009
� National Framework Strategy on Climate Change 2010-2022
� National Climate Change Action Plan 2010-2028
� Philippine Development Plan 2011-2016
� RA 10121: Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010
� Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) Issuances
� Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (BLURB) Revision of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan Guidelines
� National Economic Development Authority (NEDA) development of DRM-CCA manuals and VA tools
Climate Change and Related Policies
Challenges: Mitigation
�Research:
�More basic research on carbon fluxes and feedbacks
�Need for observational data (e.g. carbon flux towers)
�Need to calibrate and validate ecosystem models
�Practice:
�Capacity-building:
�Need for more inventory experts
�Technology transfer
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Challenges: Adaptation
�Research:
�Application of ecosystem-based research paradigm
(crucial: collaboration and data-sharing)
�More comprehensive basic research on historical
trends and variability on all fronts (issue of
attribution)
�More scenarios/storylines and ensemble modeling
for future projections (crucial: need for boundary
conditions, collaborations and data-sharing on a
regional to global scale )
Challenges: Adaptation
�Science - Policy, Practice Nexus
�Building inventories of resources (including data, research and experts) from various governments agencies, state colleges and universities, and other related institutions for stakeholders to use in the planning process.
�Providing data in a useful form (e.g. resolution).
�Translating the science: Communication of actionable information to support evidence-based policy and planning
Evidence-based Approach:
Manner by which planning and budgeting are
informed by community realities, traditional and
indigenous knowledge, history, culture, social,
political, economic experiences and challenges,
environmental transformation and state of
resources, and scientific information.
(Jessica Dator-Bercilla)
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Context of Communication Challenges:
Emphasis on Climate change Adaptation (CCA) –
Disaster Risk Management (DRM) Mainstreaming
“We want to produce CCA-DRRM compliant LGUs
with enhanced CCA-DRRM mainstreaming
capacity” - Local Government Academy
Executive Director Marivel Sacendoncillo
Some GapsDRM is better understood – the challenge is moving away from response models to proactive models.
But with CCA…
� What sort of actions or policies qualify as adaptation?
� How do we evaluate adaptation options?
� Adaptation is context-specific – What roles do national government units (e.g. CCC play)? �Development of tools (issue of consistency), capacity-building
� Some local government units fall back on the typical “clean and green”, tree-planting and recycling programs.
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Media Confusion
“According to
[national gov’t
official], climate
change played a role
in the Manila Bay
storm surge that
caused flooding in
some establishments
along Roxas
Boulevard, including
the US Embassy and
the Sofitel Plaza.”
Is DRM = CCA?
Challenges: Adaptation
�Communication Challenges:
�Identifying the message (e.g. from a range of
possible futures).
�Packaging results and communicating
uncertainties to stakeholders.
�Clarifying the differences between DRRM and
CCA, and hence, the different types of actions.
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Packaging the Message:
c/o Dr. Bruce Hewitson
DRM and CCA: Points of Convergence and
Difference
Climate Change Adaptation:
Reduce risk to:
Disaster Risk Management
Reduce risk to:
Gradual changes in
climatic parameters
Extreme weather events
with increased
frequency and severity
Changes in
mean
temperature
Changes in
precipitation
patterns
Sea level rise
Climate- and
weather-related
events
Geophysical
events
Ecological
events
Direct connection Other events (e.g.
technological,
terrorism)
Hazards that are
associated with changing
climate “normals”
Hazards that are
associated with extreme
events
Gotangco 2012, adapted from Gotangco Castillo 2007; thanks also to
IRDR FORIN Faculty Dr. Alan Lavell
DRM and CCA as “fraternal
twins” rather than
“identical twins”-Jessica Dator-Bercilla, ASOG
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Types of Actions (Brooks et al. 2011. Tracking Adaptation. IIED Working Paper No. 1)
Conclusions
� Policy trends towards mainstreaming of CC action planning (mitigation and adaptation) need to be supported by:
�Broad-based ecosystem research drawing on multiple lines of evidence
�Collaboration, networking and data-sharing both horizontally (e.g. among research groups, practitioners, national government agencies) and vertically (top-down initiatives complementing bottom-up)
�Interdisciplinary actors to ensure translation of evidence into appropriate actions