National Archives – Washington DC

The Bill of Rights

The first ______________To the U. S. Constitution

Know this!!!!

10 amendments

A need for rights…

• When the states were asked to ratify (_______) the new Constitution, Patrick Henry and the ____________ complained that the new government would be too __________ and may take away the people’s ________________.

• Also “individual rights”- rights to do things without hurting others.

approve

Anti-Federalists

powerful

inalienable rights

What should a state do?

• In response to the __________ to the new Constitution, states __________ to ratify it until the Founding Fathers promised to add a “list of ________ ____________” to the document

oppositionrefused

basicindividual rights

•These are called the “_____________”Bill of Rights

Who determines what the Bill of Rights mean?

• The ______________ makes rulings on the meaning by balancing the rights of the _________ with the needs of ________– Patriot Act

Individual?? Society??

Supreme Court

individualsociety

The First amendment—5 rights in 1

• Freedom of Speech• Freedom of Religion • Freedom of the Press• Freedom of Assembly• Right to petition the

government

• Know these!!!!!

Click here to continue to Amendment #2

The First Amendment:Freedom of Speech

• “Congress shall make no law . . . Abridging (____________) the freedom of speech. . . .”

• Exceptions:- yelling “fire” in crowded theater– libel and slander– obscenity

reducing

Free speech– The individual may:

• Say any _________ belief• Protest (without getting ____________)

politicalout of control

Free speech—limits on the individual

you may not…• Incite (______) a riot.• Extremely ______________ in a public

forum• Disrespectful, vulgar language in

______• (Threaten to cause ______ to the

president or _________)

Click here

crude language

harmsociety

cause

schools

What Does This Mean?

--Free speech means someone might say something you ______________

**It’s the most important test of a ______________ (add this to your notes)

disagree with

free society

Freedom of Religion

• The establishment clause says, Congress shall make no law respecting an _____________ of a religion,

• The free exercise clause protects the right to ________ and _______ whatever religion you choose.

establishment

believe practice

Establishment clause-Government

Cans Cannot• Teach about

different religions in public school

• Allow voluntary prayer

• Set an official religion

• Government cannot order a prayer

• Teach religious doctrine in the school

• Done…

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Freedom of the press Know this and John Peter Zenger

• Congress shall make no law . . . abridging . . . the freedom of the ________.”

• John Peter _________ had published a true, ______ article of the NY ________, who had Zenger placed in ____. Zenger _____ and won saying, “the press must have the right to point out the ______ of __________. How else are the people to be __________?”

Zengercritical

governorjail sued

faultsgovernment

protected

press

Freedom of the press-the press

Can Cannot• Print any political

opinion• Make fun of

people, especially politicians

• Expose wrongs by the government

• Libel– intentionally injuring a person’s reputation by lies

• Disclose defense-security secrets

• Next…

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Freedom of Assembly

• Congress shall make no law . . . Abridging . . . The people to peaceably ________”

assemble

Freedom of Assembly—Individual Can Cannot

• Protest • Parade (with a

permit)• March chanting hate

slogans

• Protest by throwing rocks or destroying property

• Hang out on private land against owners will—loitering

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Petition the Government

• “Congress shall make no law . . . Abridging . . . the people. . . to ________ the government for a redress of grievances” (____________) you are free to write a letter or tell an official.

petition

fix complaints

Petition the government

• You may sue the government for wrongs

• You cannot be punished for exposing wrongs by the government Click here

2nd Amendment—Right to bear arms

• “A well-regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to __________ shall not be infringed.” (__________)

taken awaybear arms

Third Amendment

• The Government cannot force you to shelter soldiers in your home _________________ in time of war or peace.

• Because of the _____________ after French and Indian War

without your consent

Quartering Act

“Rights of the Accused” Amendments 4 - 8

Important to preserve freedom

Fourth Amendment

• Freedom from unreasonable ______ and ________.

• What does a policeman need in order to search your home? – A warrant given to

him by a judge – Probable cause is also

needed

searchseizure

Fifth Amendment

• You do not have to testify against yourself…“__________________”

• You must have __________ of law (all the _______ proceedings) before you are convicted

• The government cannot take your land unless it ______

____________

I plead the fifthdue process

legal

pays you fairly

Sixth Amendment• (Right to) a ______________ trial by

impartial jury—meaning not favoring either side

• See witnesses _________ and get witnesses for ___________

speedy and public

against you

your defense

Sixth Amendment continued

• You must be told of the _______ against you

• You must be provided a lawyer if you cannot __________

charges

afford one

Look at the following slide

• And try to determine which right in the bill of rights, each statement refers to…

“Miranda Warning”

• “You have the right to remain silent.• Anything you say can and will be

used against you in a court of law. • You have the right to an attorney. • If you cannot afford one, one will be

appointed to you. • Do you understand these rights?”

Seventh Amendment

• Right to a trial by jury of __________– and not just by one single judge

your peers

Eighth Amendment

• No excessive _____ or fines

• No _____ and _______ punishment

bail

cruelunusual

Ninth Amendment- “Rights retained by _________”

- Just because the Constitution specifies certain rights, does not mean you are ________ other rights not written... - Does the Constitution say you can fly on

a plane? - Dye your hair blue? - Talk on the phone?

denied

the people

Tenth Amendment• “________________” Amendment• Any powers not written as specific to

the Federal government (like ___________ or ___________) are given to the States (like ______, _______, _______).

States’ Rights

printing moneydeclaring war

taxing policingeducation