NATION BUILDINGNATION BUILDINGTransportation Transportation

Early IndustrializationEarly Industrialization

Early FactoriesEarly Factories

Cotton RevolutionCotton Revolution

Marshall CourtMarshall Court

Transportation RevolutionTransportation Revolution

• Roads: public and private financeRoads: public and private finance• Flatboats: hauled goods down river.Flatboats: hauled goods down river.• Steam Boats: Robert Fulton- Hudson routSteam Boats: Robert Fulton- Hudson rout

– By 1815 steamers from New Orleans to Ohio.By 1815 steamers from New Orleans to Ohio.

• Canals: 1825 Erie Canal 364 miles,Canals: 1825 Erie Canal 364 miles,– Connected Miss/Ohio river to Atlantic.Connected Miss/Ohio river to Atlantic.

• New York: “Emporium of America”New York: “Emporium of America”– Shipping from NY to Liverpool. Shipping from NY to Liverpool.

Erie Canal: 1818-1825, 364 Erie Canal: 1818-1825, 364 milesmiles

8 Preconditions for 8 Preconditions for IndustrializationIndustrialization• Transportation: roads, canals, Transportation: roads, canals,

steamboatssteamboats• Power: steam power replaces waterPower: steam power replaces water• Technological advances: iron and steelTechnological advances: iron and steel• Capital: BUS, private and state banksCapital: BUS, private and state banks• Labor: immigration Labor: immigration • Private property laws: Marshall courtPrivate property laws: Marshall court• Natural ResourcesNatural Resources• CommunicationCommunication

Early FactoriesEarly Factories• Artisan and Home manufacturingArtisan and Home manufacturing

• ““Putting out system”Putting out system”

• British Industrial Revolution:1790British Industrial Revolution:1790

• New England Textile FactoriesNew England Textile Factories– Francis Lowell (1813-1850) his was theFrancis Lowell (1813-1850) his was the– 11stst big U.S. Factory system big U.S. Factory system

• Who workers ?: “Mill Girls” and ChildrenWho workers ?: “Mill Girls” and Children– Then later, ImmigrantsThen later, Immigrants

• Factory work: wage labor, repetitive Factory work: wage labor, repetitive taskstasks

• Eli Whitney: proto assembly line, riflesEli Whitney: proto assembly line, rifles

Cotton RevolutionCotton Revolution

• Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin 1793Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin 1793• Supply cotton for textile millsSupply cotton for textile mills• Revival of slavery: 10,000 bales in 1793,Revival of slavery: 10,000 bales in 1793,

– 400,000 bales of cotton produced in 1820400,000 bales of cotton produced in 1820

• Cotton Belt: Louisiana PurchaseCotton Belt: Louisiana Purchase

• American Colonization Society 1817American Colonization Society 1817– Raised money to send slaves back to Africa Raised money to send slaves back to Africa – About 12,000 former slaves settled LiberiaAbout 12,000 former slaves settled Liberia

John Marshall Court: 1801-John Marshall Court: 1801-18351835• Judicial Review, Sanctity of contracts,Judicial Review, Sanctity of contracts,

– economic growth, National laws supreme economic growth, National laws supreme – over state lawsover state laws

• Dartmouth v. Woodward (1819)Dartmouth v. Woodward (1819)– Sanctity of contracts, SC reviews state laws.Sanctity of contracts, SC reviews state laws.

• McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) BUS, McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) BUS, – Implied powers, national laws supremeImplied powers, national laws supreme

• Gibbon v. Ogden (1824)Gibbon v. Ogden (1824)– National econ. Growth, “interstate National econ. Growth, “interstate

commerce”commerce”