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2 Marks Questions

1. What are the activities taken up in HiwareBazar?

A: 1) The water conservation works are imple-mented in common and private grasslands of Hiware Bazar

2) Afforestation is done through social forestry.3) By digging continuous contour trenches on

the hill slopes encourage growth of grass,reduction soil erosion and encouraged har-vesting of water.

2. Write about four bandis of Adarsha GramYojana Village?

A: Kurhad bandi - ban of felling treesCharai bandi - ban on free grazingNas bandi - family planningNasha bandi - ban on liquor

3. Distinguish between river basin and watershed?

A: River Basin: When a big river gets waterflow from a specific area and falls into sea.Many tributaries also join it. This region iscalled river basin.Water Shed: A water shed in the area ofland where all of the water that is under it ordrains off, it goes in to the same place.

4. Why is the water storage capacity ofTungabhadra dam decreasing?

K. Srinivas RaoSubject Expert

Writer

Target-2020

TenthSocial Studies - Paper 1

100100

Indian Rivers and Water Resources

4 Marks Questions

Conceptual Understanding (AS1)

1. Which aspects of farming practices wereregulated in the context of Hiware Bazar toimprove the water conservation?

A: The following aspects of farming practicesthat were regulated to improve the waterconservation.

1) The soil and water conservation work inHiware Bazar were implement on commonland and private grass lands.

2) A number of water harvesting structureswere built in the village.

3) Ban was introduced on the use ofborewells for irrigation and ban on thegrowing of water - intensive crops.

4) Continuous Contour Trenches (CCT) weredug on the hill slopes to arrest the erosionof soil, harvest water and encouragegrowth of grass.

5) Plantations on forest lands and road sideswere also part of the programme.

6) Ban of free grazing.7) Water for irrigation should be taken only

through open wells.Due to the implementation of water con-servation programmes, even in the yearsof drought there was no drinking watershortage.

2. Major portion of surface water resources inIndia are polluted why?

A: 1) Urban areas contribute water pollutantssuch as sewerage and garbage.

2) Industrial effluents from the industries.3) These units are discharging effluents in to

the rivers without treating them.4) Fall out of radio active substances is a

very dangerous sources of water pollution.5) Mass immersion of idols of Ganesh etc.6) Decay and decomposition of plants, ani-

mals and humans at the time of disasters.3. What could be the reasons for speed with

which increase took place after indepen-dence in population?

A: Causes for rapid population growth inIndia after independence are as follows.

A) DevelopmentalGreen Revolution: It lead to the modernization of agriculture and irrigation leading toeffective handling of natural calamities likefamines, drought and floods.Improved standard of living: The develop-ment of science and technology, spread ofeducation, maximum utilization of availablenatural resources leading to improved stan-dard of living.Advanced health care: Effective controlover dreadful epedemic diseases throughadvancement of medical technology andwide spread health care.Employment opportunities: The develop-ment of secondary and tertiary sectors creat-ed more employment opportunities.

B) UncontrollableHigh birth rate: Due to illiteracy religiousbeliefs the high birth rate could not be con-trolled.Family planning: The government familyplanning has not been successful in control-ling birth rate on par with rate.Gap between birth rate and death rate:The gap between the birth rate and deathrate has widened.Social attitude: The people give preferenceto early marriages and linking to have a soncould not be controlled.4. What are the different inflow and outflow

processes in the context of waterresource?

A: Inflow:1) precipitation + surface flow + ground water

flow2) Precipitation includes snow, dew, hail, fog

etc.3) Surface flow includes streams, rivers,

canals etc.4) Ground water flow may be aquifer and

water cycle etc.Outflows:1) Evapotranspiration, surface flows and

ground2) Water used for agriculture, domestic pur-

pose and for animals and for industrial use.3) Both inflows and out flows should be bal-

anced.

Reflection on contemporary issues and ques-tioning (AS4)

1. Due to the difference in sex ratio, whatwould be the impact on society? Explain.

A: Number of females per 1000 males iscalled sex ratio. If sex ratio is low1) Gender imbalance will lead to to reduc-

tion in birth rate.2) Family system may collapse3) Difference in the ratio of Male - Female

create problems in marital status4) Gender bias may increase in the society5) Trafficking of women6) Gender imbalance will lead to work force.7) Social imbalance

2. Should ground water be considered a com-mon pool resource? Explain.

A: 1) Ground water should be considered acommon pool resource.

2) Ground water should be though as a col-lective pool resource that is meant for allpeople.

3) Similar to roads, rivers and parks under-ground water is also a public property.

4) It belongs to all without using properly, ifit is used for commercial purpose, verysoon underground water will becomeextinct.

So we should delink the connectionbetween the ownership of land and waterdrawn from the underground.

1 Mark Questions1. What is census?A: A census is the procedure of systematical-

ly acquiring and recording informationabout the members of a given population.

2. What is Population?A: Population is all the inhabitants of a partic-

ular place.3. What is fertility rate?A: Average total birth per women is called fer-

tility rate.4. What is density of population?A: The density of population denotes the num-

ber of persons available per square kilome-ter of area.

5. Who collect and record the populationdetails in India?

A: The central government institution Censusof India organizes the collection andrecording of the information.

6. Prepare two slogans of population explo-sion?

A: H Large population is a baneLimited population is a boon

H Small family happy family7. What is literacy rate?A: Percentage of population in the age group

of 7 years and above which can read, writeand understand a language is called litera-cy rate.

A: Since few decades, the water storagecapacity of Tungabhadra dam is decreasing.The main reasons are mining activities, dustsoil erosion deposition of waste materials.

5. What are the reasons for the increase of pop-ulation in urban areas than in rural areas?

A: 1) Decrease in agricultural activities due toerratic nature of monsoons.

2) Increase in employment opportunities intowns and cities.

3) People are attracted towards the facilitiesavailable in towns and cities.

4) People migrate for better education, med-ical and health facilities.

6. How does literacy impact development?A: Literacy is a key for socio-economic devel-

opment. It benefits both individuals and theircommunities. More literacy rate washes outthe backwardness. It makes people con-scious on health, income, getting opportuni-ties etc. People will follow the news papersand other media to know the changes takingplace in and outside of the country.

12

Marks Questions

1. …...... is a pivotal element in social studies.

2. Sex ratio is the number of females per…...... males in the population.

3. …......is a key for socio-economicprogress.

4. The components of population changei) Births ii) Deaths iii) …...... ?

5. Ornithology- birds …...... - people

6. Nas bandi - Family planning Nasha bandi - …......

7. The Himalayan river - the Indus The peninsular river - …......

8. Alakananda and Bhagirathi join at …...... 9. The process of giving water into the

atmosphere by living things is called …10. Kolar - gold; Sandur - …...... ?11. The following river does not drain in to

Bay of BengalGodavari, Krishna, Narmada, Kaveri

12. Which of the following is not a tributaryof the river Indus?

Jhelum, Son, Ravi, Beas13. Name the place where the Ganges

originates…......14. Name the rivers which flow through the

rift valley. 15. Bihar - High density with 1106 per

1 Sq.km.Arunachal Pradesh…......?

Answers

1. Population 2. 1000 3. Literacy4. Migrations 5. Demography6. ban on liquor 7. Godavari or Krishna or Kaveri, Penna8. Devprayag 9. Transpiration10. Manganese 11. Narmada 12. Son13. Gangotri 14. Narmada and Tapti 15. 17

Nasha bandi is a ban on?The People

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One Mark Questions

1. What is meant by availability of food?A: Availability of food means food production

within country. Food imparts and the previ-ous years stock stored in government gra-naries.

2. Define Hunger?A: It is a one type of feeling when you need to

eat.3. What are coarse cereals?A: Ragi, bajra, jovar and other millets are

called coarse cereals.4. Define Buffer stock?A: The food grain stocks are maintained by

the government. Food Corporation of Indialooks after the activity.

5. What is the recommended food intake perday?

A: 2100 calories per day in urban areas and2400 calories per day in rural areas.

6. What should nutrition food contain?A: The nutrition food should contain carbohy-

drates, proteins, minerals, vitamins etc.

1. Which steps are taken by government toensure food security?

A: H Introduction of PDS and supplied foodgrains at subsidized price.

H Introduction of mid-day meals in school.H Arrange Anganwadis where young children

are taken care. H Above ways through which government give

ensure food security.2. Why is there need for self-sufficiency in food

grains in future seems to be difficult? Givetwo reasons in support of this statement.

A: Need for self - sufficiency in food grainsarises from the following

H To feed growing population. H To reduce import of food grains. H To fight against any natural calamity.H To control prices of food grains.3. What are the possible ways of increasing

production of crops from land?A: H High yielding varieties of seeds are to be

used.H Crop rotation and multiple cropping are to

be adopted.H Proper outer management techniques are

implemented.H Chemical fertilizers and pesticides are to be

used.H Selection of crop based on the characteris-

tics of the soil.

1. What are the salient features of food securi-ty bill?

A: H The Indian government came with a newlaw in 2013 called as the National FoodSecurity Act to legalize people right tofood.

H It applies to approximates 2/3rd of the pop-ulation of India.

H Every person of low income families is enti-

tles to 5 kg of food grains per month at sub-sidized rates.

H The poorest families are entitled to 35 kg offood grains.

H For a few years the central government sup-ply rice, wheat and millets for Rs.3, Rs.2and Rs.1 respectively.

H If government is not able to arranged foodgrains it will give cash for the people to buyfood grains.

2. Describe the relationship between increasein food production and food security?

A: H There is direct relation betweenincrease in food production and foodsecurity.

H If the number of food grains produced in anyear increases the government purchasesthe excess production from farmers by pay-ing minimum support price and preservesthem as buffer stock in FCI godowns.

H The food grains thus stored will be distrib-uted throughout the country through rationshops or public distribution system at subsi-dized rates to all the ration card holders inthe country.

H This shows the relation between increasein food production and food security.

G. Viswa PrasadSubject Expert

Writer

Target-2020

TenthSocial Studies-Paper 1

100100

Food Security Two Marks Questions

Four Marks Questions

One Mark Questions1. What is a primary sector?A: Agriculture, fishing, mining came under the

primary sector.2. Define Sink function.A: The ability of environment to absorb and

render harmless waste and pollution iscalled sink function.

3. What is recharge of water?A: The water has to go down to the ground for

it to be lifted up.4. Define sustainable development.A: That meets the needs of the present with-

out compromising that ability of future gen-erations to meet their own needs.

5. What are the Natural Resources?A: Land, water, minerals and areas, forests,

animals and fossil fuels they are calledNatural Resources.

6. Define organic farming?A: The practice of cultivation without using

chemical fertilizers and pesticides.7. Who wrote the book ‘Silent Spring’?A: Silent spring is an environmental science

book by Rachel Carson.8. What is Narmada Bachavo Andolan?A: The resistance to Sardar sarovar and other

dams in the Narmada valley has taken theform of a social movement. It is calledNarmada Bachavo Andolan.

9. What does the word ‘Chipko’ mean?A: Chipko means to Embrace.10. Expand H.D.I.?A: Human Development Index

1. What are some of the important and urgentenvironmental issues before us?

A: H Deforestation, soil erosion, loweringground water levels, increasing pollution,pressure on grazing.

H Land rising, dependence on fossil fuelsH Industrial emissions, use of chemical fertiliz-

ers and pesticides in agriculture.H Climate changes are some of the important

and urgent environmental issues before us.2. Why do you think has the modern method of

lifting water proved to be unsustainable?

A: H Modern method of lifting water hasproved to be unsustainable.

H Initially there was relief from drudgery andlifting of water with pumps was easy.

H With the lifting of ground water by electricand motor pumps, water table started goingdown.

H Nearly 1/3rd of the country is pumping outground water than what goes in as recharge.

H About 300 districts have reported a waterlevel decline of over 4 meters during thepast 20 years.

H Ground waters are also becoming unsafeand being contaminated by chemical indus-trial waste.

3. What kind of environmental problems didthe spread of ‘Green Revolution’ create?What lessons does this have for the future?

A: H Green revolution is associated with theloss of soil fertility due to increased useof chemical fertilizers. Continuous use ofground water for tube well irrigation hasreduced the water table below theground.

Lesson for the future: Environmentalresources like soil fertility and ground waterare built up over many years. Oncedestroyed it is very difficult to restore them.We must take care of the environment toensure future development of agriculture.

Additional Questions

1. Expand B.M.I? (1 M)2. What are Anganwadi? (1 M)3. Give any one reason for farmers distress

and even suicides? (1 M)4. What is Rationing? Why is it used? (2 M)5. How are vitamins useful? (2 M)6. Write about the availability of food

material in India? (4 M)

Sustainable Developmentwith Equity

Two Marks Questions

1. Explain ‘Narmada Bachao Andolan’?A: Narmada Bachao Andolan is a movement

initiated by environmentalists, farmers,tribal people and human rights activistsagainst the construction of Sardar sarovardam on Narmada river in Gujarat. It hasbecome a controversial issue due to theproblems in the form of displacement oflocal people, loss of livelihood, floods,deforestation e.t.c.

2. Why did the people of Jalsindhi villagerefuse to move out of the village?

A: H The people of Jalsindhi were asked toleave the place as it would be the firstvillage in MadhyaPradesh to be submerged by Sardar sarovar dam. Theyhave lived there for generations, clearedthe forests, worshipped Gods, improvedthe soil, domesticated animals and set-tled in villages. In hard times they went

to the forest and used its produce. Theylive with their clan, their relatives. Theyare all alike and they share a commonunderstanding. Their village Gods wereall there.

The compensation to be given by MadhyaPradesh government was not acceptable tothem. They were born from the belly of theNarmada and they were not afraid to die inher lap. That’s why they were not ready toleave their village.3. Why was considered necessary to go to

court to stop the use of Endosulfan?A: As a result of the spraying of Endosulfan

very serious health problems were seen inthe local people. Especially agriculturallabours. More than 5000 people have diedand for countless others. People sufferfrom cancer. So it is considered necessaryto go to court to stop the use of Endosulfan.

4. Why do you think environment is callednatural capital?

A: Yes, environment is called natural capital.Because many naturally existing sub-stances like land, water, minerals andores, products from trees and animals arecentral to the production processes. All thesectors of economy too are dependent onnatural resources in various degrees envi-ronment source function. Thus, we cansay that environment is natural capital.

Four Marks Questions

Additional Questions

1. What is called NBA? (1 M)2. When did Chipko movement start and

where? (1 M)3. What is HDI as a measure of develop-

ment? (1 M)4. What is 'recharge'. Suggest some ways

for recharge? (2 M)5. What are the problems of environment

by the construction of the narmada valley development project? (4 M)

Natural capital is.. Environment!

Rachel Carson

email: help@eenadupratibha.netþ¼÷ªî¦ô¢Ù 30 è…šúÙñô¢ª 2019

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