NASA Marathi
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National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA SYBA | Foundation course | Project Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 1 ' ' 20 1969 20 43 , , ' ' -11 -17 ' ' 2020 ' ' ' ' 1990 1994 1998 ' ' - 2004 2020 , , 2008 . (
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Transcript of NASA Marathi
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 1
' ' 20 1969
20 43
, ,
' '
-11
-17
' ' 2020
' ' ' ' 1990
1994
1998
' ' -
2004
2020
, , 2008
.
(
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 2
Contents
: ........................................................................................................................................... 1
I. : ......................................................................................................................... 4
II. : ............................................................................................................................. 5
II.i. ..................................................................................................................................................... 5
IIII.ii. NACA NASA .................................................................................................................. 6
III. (1946-1968): .................................................................................................... 7
IV. : .......................................................................................................................... 8
IV.i ........................................................................................................................... 9
IV.i.1. (Project Mercury 1959-1963) .............................................................................................................9
IV.i.2. (Project Gemini 1962-1966) ........................................................................................................9
IV.i.3. ( Apollo program 1968) ................................................................................................................ 10
IV.i.4. (Skylab 1973-1979) ............................................................................................................................. 10
IV.i.5. – (Apollo-Soyuz Test Project 1975-1981) ................................................................ 10
IV.i.6. (Space Shuttle program 1981-2011) .................................................................................... 11
IV.i.7. (International Space Station 1998) ................................................................................. 12
IV.ii. Unmanned missions (1958- ) ....................................................................... 13
IV.ii.1. (Explorer program 1958-2011) ........................................................................................... 13
IV.ii.2. (Mariner program 1963-1973) ................................................................................................... 14
IV.ii. . (Pioneer program 1958-1978) ............................................................................................. 14
IV.ii. . (Voyager program 1977) ........................................................................................................ 15
IV.ii. . (Viking program 1975) ........................................................................................................... 15
IV.ii. . (Helios probes 1974-1976) ..................................................................................................... 15
IV.ii. . (Galileo probe 1989) ................................................................................................................... 16
IV.ii. . (Hubble Space Telescope 1990) .............................................................................................. 16
IV.ii. . (UARS 1991) ........................................................................................................ 17
IV.ii.1 . (Mars Global Surveyor 1996) ................................................................................................. 17
IV.ii.1 . (Mars Pathfinder 1996): ........................................................................................................ 17
IV.ii.1 . (New Horizons probe 2006) ....................................................................................................... 18
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 3
V. ( RECENT AND PLANNED ACTIVITIES):.................................. 19
VI.NASA : ......................................................................................................................... 20
VI.i. .................................................................................................................................. 20
VI.ii. Ozone depletion ...................................................................................................... 20
VI.i. SEEM) ......................................................................................... 20
VII. (BUDGET): ......................................................................................................... 21
VIII. : .......................................................................................... 22
VIIIVIII.i. ................................................................................................................... 22
VIIIVIII.ii. ............................................................................................................................. 22
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 4
I.
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
,
14 , 2011 Space
Launch System
-
'The National Aeronautics and Space Act 29 1958
The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA)
1 1958 U.S.
, , ,
, -
Launch Services Program (LSP) LSP
Earth Observing System Heliophysics Research Program
,
- Great
Observatories and associated programs
Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 5
II.
1946 National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA)
X- 1950 1957-58
Project
Vanguard 4 , 1957
1) ,
Dwight D. Eisenhower
NACA
Advanced Research
Projects Agency (ARPA)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 6
II.ii. NACA NASA
29 1958 Eisenhower National Aeronautics and
Space Act NASA 1 1958 NASA
46 NACA
8,000 US $100
Langley Aeronautical Laboratory,
Ames Aeronautical Laboratory Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory
Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA) Naval Research Laboratory
U.S. Air Force ARPA
1958 Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
California Institute of Technology
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 7
III. (1946-1968)
NACA NACA XS-1 (Bell
X-1) X-15 US Air Force US
Navy
X-15A-2
1959 1968
200 Space Shuttle
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 8
IV.
- 1957
1961
1958
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 9
IV.i
IV.i.1. (Project Mercury 1959-1963)
-
U.S. Army, Navy Air
Force . 5 1961
Alan Shepard
Freedom 7 John Glenn 20 1962
Friendship 7
IV.i.2. (Project Gemini 1962-1966)
Gus Grissom John Young
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 10
IV.i.3. ( Apollo program 1968)
1961- 1975
11 20 1969
, Neil Armstrong)
Buzz Aldrin) Michael Collins
381.7 kg (842 lb)
-
Smithsonian's Air and Space Museums
IV.i.4. (Skylab 1973-1979)
100 (91 t)
1973 1979 1973 1974
IV.i.5. – (Apollo-Soyuz Test Project 1975-1981)
-
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 11
IV.i.6. (Space Shuttle program 1981-2011)
-
, ,
' '(heads-up display)
' '
' '
docking adapter) ' '
.
,
-
,
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 12
IV.i.7. (International Space Station 1998)
ISS
Russian Federal Space
Agency , Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency ,
Canadian Space Agency European
Space Agency
, ;
,
,
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 13
IV.ii. Unmanned missions (1958- )
IV.ii.1. (Explorer program 1958-2011)
- - International Geophysical Year 1957-
58)
ABMA JPL
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 14
IV.ii.2. (Mariner program 1963-1973)
. -
-
11 12
9
-
-
TV
-
-
IV.ii. . (Pioneer program 1958-1978)
-
-
Pioneer Venus 1 Pioneer Venus Orbiter
Pioneer Venus 2 Pioneer Venus Multiprobe
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 15
IV.ii. . (Voyager program 1977)
1724 2 17
IV.ii. . (Viking program 1975)
1 2
1 9 1975
2 Titan III-E
IV.ii. . (Helios probes 1974-1976)
-A –B
Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) NASA
10 1974 -A 15 1976
–B Cape Canaveral Air Force Station,
252,792
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 16
IV.ii. . (Galileo probe 1989)
-
7 1995
7 1997
15 2001 180
21
2003
IV.ii. . (Hubble Space Telescope 1990)
(HST)
HST European Space Agency
Compton Gamma Ray
Observatory , - Chandra X-ray Observatory
Spitzer Space Telescope HST
HST $2
1990
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 17
IV.ii. . (UARS 1991)
Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite 1991
2005
23 2011 24 2011 UARS
24 2011 1:09 UARS
6
1979
1979
IV.ii.1 . (Mars Global Surveyor 1996)
(MGS)
- 2 2006
2007
1997
2006 240,000
IV.ii.1 . (Mars Pathfinder 1996):
Mars Pathfinder Carl Sagan Memorial Station 4
1996 Mars Global Surveyor
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 18
IV.ii.1 . (New Horizons probe 2006)
New Horizons
19 2006
New Horizons 16.26
New
Horizons 28 2007 8 2008
14 2015
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 19
V. RECENT AND PLANNED ACTIVITIES
NASA
MESSENGER
New Horizons Dawn
New Horizons
2007
Mars Scout Program
MAVEN spacecraft
Mars Science Laboratory
4 2006
Space Launch System
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 20
VI.NASA
- National Space Biomedical Research
Institute NSBRI) Advanced
Diagnostic Ultrasound in Microgravity
-
Ozone depletion
Earth Observing System)
-
15,100
-
-
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 21
VII. (BUDGET)
1997
20%
1960 0.5% 1%
4%
National Aeronautics and Space Administration – NASA
SYBA | Foundation course | Project
Year: 2011 – 2012 Page 22
VIII.
ASAP
USN Ret
