Napoleon Bonaparte Ch 20 A

I. Rise of Napoleon

• Born Napoleone Buonaparte; August 15,1769 – May 5, 1821• Corsican

• Italian Nobility• Went to military school in Brienne

• Then officer school in Paris

• Was able to come to power due to France taking over Corsica• French Revolution made all men, in their territory equal

• Kept getting promoted to obscurity and then turns it around brings himself to prominence • Directory tried to use him and leave him

• Napoleon was too smart.

I. Rise of Napoleon

• Directory tried to have him attack Ireland• He chooses Egypt

• British destroy French fleet and he sneaks back to France due to threats on him.

• Constitution of the Year III (1795)• Very unpopular and resulted in the riots

• “Whiff of Grapeshot”

• Constitution of Year VIII (1800)• Sets up strong executive branch

• Sieyes• Napoleon forces his retirement and becomes the 1st Consul

II. Emperor Napoleon

• Concordat of 1801• Solves problem with Catholic Church and Pope

• Catholicism is major French religion and state selects clergy and pays them• Pope has a say

• Napoleonic Code• Civil Code of 1804

• Universal French law (Equal everywhere)

• 1804 Bomb Attack• Used it to make himself emperor (1804-1814)

• Another constitution• Pope present but Napoleon crowns himself

II. Emperor Napoleon

III. Decline• Invasion of Russia (1812)

• Russia was a threat • Decided to invade (easy defeat)• Russia used scorched earth and allowed Russian

winter to defeat France• Napoleon fled to put down trouble in Paris

• European Coalition• Fear of Napoleon’s power• Russia, Prussia, Britain and Austria (becomes

Quadruple alliance• Wellington defeats Napoleon

• Exiled to Elba (Italian island) March 1814

• Restored Bourbons

III. Decline• Quadruple Alliance was disunited

without fighting Napoleon• Napoleon returns March 1, 1815

• 100 days• People still loyal• Promised to be peaceful and reformed

• Declared outlaw

• Wellington defeats him at the Battle of Waterloo (Belgium) on June 18,1815

• Exiled Saint Helena (Atlantic Coast of Africa• Died 1821