Nanofibers: Current Status and Role on Future of Technical Textiles
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Transcript of Nanofibers: Current Status and Role on Future of Technical Textiles
Nanofibers: Current Status and Role on Future of Technical
Textiles
Gajanan BhatProfessor MSE & Director, UTNRL
University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, [email protected]
TECHNOTEX 2011, Mumbai, IndiaAugust 26, 2011
Nanotechnology
“ The science, engineering and technology related to the understanding and control of matter at the scale length of approximately 1 to 100 nanometers. However, nanotechnology is not merely working with matter at the nanoscale, but also research and development of materials, devices and systems that have novel properties and functions due to their nanoscale dimensions and components”
The National Nanotechnology initiative at Five years: Assessment and Recommendations of the National Nanotechnology Advisory Panel, Presidents Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, Washington, DC, May 2005, p7.
Has not reached the state of application that draws public interest
Can be a big investment - a lot at stakeLot of research and developmental activity in this area
In general technology lags behind science
Textiles – technology may be ahead of science
Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology
Relevance to TextilesNanofibersCoatingFinishingModificationCharacterization
Nanofibers
DiameterHigh specific surface areaHigher filtration efficiency
Nanofiber Research Publications
Cotton Structure – Nanofibers?
Wool Structure – Nanofibers?
Production Techniques for Nanofibers
Splitting (IS)DrawingElectrospinningForcespinningModified Melt Blowing (MB)
Production Techniques for Nanofibers
Splitting of bi-/multi-component fibersFrom multicomponent spinning and dissolution of some components
Hard to precisely control the fiber dimensions
Solvent
Electrospinning Process
Simple process at lab scaleFine fibers possible
ScalabilitySolventsDielectric requirementsNot suitable for PP
Forcespinning Fiberrio
By using Centrifugal ForceBoth solutions and MeltsNo high voltage, no hot airNew Process – many unknowns
Melt Blowing Process
Fiber Diameter (2-5 μ)Air permeability/HydroheadFiltration efficiencyPorosity, pore size & DistributionMechanical PropertiesComposite structuresSuitable for any thermoplastic polymer – No solvents
Nanofiber Melt Blowing
Figure 6: Nanofiber Melt Blowing
Nanofiber Melt Blowing
Modular Dies AGR/NTIHills
Melt Blown Nanofibers
Melt Blown Nanofibers
20-inch Meltblowing Line
Melt blown Nano and Sub-Micron Fibers
Where are We?
Consistently produce NF MB webs from several thermoplastic polymersNarrow fiber diameter distributionOptimize Processing ConditionsUnderstand the Morphology Development
Evaluating Composite Structures
Applications of Melt Blown Nanofibers
Applications of Melt Blown Nanofibers
ScaffoldsControlled Rate of Drug DeliveryTissue engineeringWound dressing
Applications of Melt Blown Nanofibers
Detoxification/Decontamination,Enhanced reactivity of the Catalysts, Biocides,Enhanced oxidative/ hydrolyzing activity of Catalysts (nano MgO, -Cyclodextrin), biocides
(N-Halamines), have against wide spectrum of of CBWA Polymer
nanofiber membrane to capture chemical agents
Applications of Melt Blown Nanofibers
Figure 10: Functionalized nanofibers for protective clothing
Applications of Melt Blown Nanofibers
Nanocomposites
Oil AdsorbentsAccidental oil spillsFuel cell membranes, battery and fuel cell separators, catalysis
Applications of Melt Blown Nanofibers
Filtration MediaLower pressure drop Higher permeability Higher particle capture efficiencyQuality factor
Air & water purification filters, chemical filtration, HEPA filtration devices, face masks, filters for furnace
Applications of Melt Blown Nanofibers
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Nanofiber Arrays Dramatically Boost Battery Energy StorageNew method allows a dramatic boost in capacity for a given weight
http://www.nano.org.uk/news/1571/
Future Prospects of Melt Blown Nanofibers
Future ProspectsThe global market should reach $176 million in 2012 and grow to $825 million by 2017
$1 trillion are market in textile$100 billion market in electronic packaging Scaffolds for the $10 billion tissue engineering by 2020
The mechanical/chemical sector is projected to account for 73.5% of total revenues in 2007
Nanofiber Market ProjectionBCC Research
Nanotechnology for Textiles
Nanocomposite fibersCNT and nanoclay
FinishesWater repellencyUV protectionAntibacterialWrinkle resistanceReactivity
Functionality without sacrificing physical properties
Nanotechnology for Textiles BASF
Nanoparticle Application on Textiles
Continuous Spraying systemSonication to achieve dispersion of nanoparticles
Uniform application on nonwovens and other textiles
Other Nonwoven Related Research Projects at UTNRL
Nanoparticle Reinforced Fibers, Webs and Films (Corp)Nanoparticle Reinforced Composites (ONR)Thermal Bonding FundamentalsMelt Blowing –Processing, Polymers and FundamentalsNanofiber CompositesBiodegradable Nonwovens & CompositesCoating of textiles, webs and filmsMultifunctional Composites –(NASA)Flame Retardant Nonwovens – (USDA & Cotton Inc.)High Temperature Polymeric Fibers – (Corp)Fiber Formation Fundamentals – (corp)Other Proprietary work – Various companies.
Future of Nanotechnology for Textiles in Indian Context
Availability of Science and TechnologyProduct DevelopmentValue AdditionMarketing
Approach Domestic and GlobalCreativity and Engineering will lead to tremendous growth
– where do you want to be?
Thank You