Water has always played a prominent role

in human civilization.

An adequate supply of

safe drinking water is one of the major

prerequisites for a healthy life, but waterborne

diseases is still a major cause of death in many

parts of the world .

For better water treatment

processes NANOTECHNOLOGY is preferred.

Many Different types of nanomaterial’s are

used in Water Treatment process.

Nanotechnology holds Great promise in desalination, purification and water treatment.

Nano is the Greek word for dwarf

Nanotechnology deals with the objects on

the order of a nanometers(10-9m)

Nanotechnology is science, engineering,

and technology conducted at the

nanoscale, which is about 1 to 100

nanometers

. One nanometer is a billionth of a meter, or

10-9 of a meter

The key features that make nanoparticles attractive for water treatment……….

More surface area and small volume

The higher the SA:V, the stronger, more stable and durable

Materials may change optical, electrical, physical, chemical, or biological properties at the nanoscale level

Makes biological and chemical reactions easier

Can attach various reactor groups to increase the chemical affinity to words the target

Boiling water:› Time consuming

› Fails to remove the heavy metal

Ordinary activated carbon filters:› Not able to remove micro organisms

› Chemical pollutants and heavy metals

UV filters:› Application of uv lightning require longer radiation

time

› Reverse osmosis process

› It may remove the useful nutrients from the water

REVERSE OSMOSIS:› removes the useful minerals

1) NANOFILTERS:

Made of carbon nano tubes

Pore size 0.0001-0.001um

Can remove virus ,bacteria ,

suspended solids, large multivalent

ions, dissolved organics ,

herbiscides,pesticides etc..

Greater efficiency

Operating cost is less

Useful in desalination operations

Carbon nano tubes

PURE WATER

NANO FILTER

WASTE WATERCONTAMINANTS

1)Current passage to nano tubes

2)Contaminants caught in nano tubes

3)Contaminants size

reduced due to current

2)NANOSORBENTS:

Used majorly in water remediation. For removing inorganic and organic pollutants, from contaminated water.

Nanoparticles used as sorbents.

Nanoparticles can be functionalized with various chemical groups to increase their affinity towards target compounds.

Nanocrystalline zeolites can remediate water containing cationic species such as ammonium and heavy metals. As well chemicals like 137Cs and 90Sr. [5].

Magnetic nanoparticles bind with contaminants , such as oil and arsenic and removed using a magnet.

Magnetic nanoparticles have large

surface areas relative to their volume

and can easily bind with chemicals.

In water treatment applications, they

can be used to bind with contaminants

— such as arsenic or oil — and then be

removed using a magnet.

Nanoparticles serve as catalysts.

A nanocatalyst is a substance or materials with the

catalytic properties that has at least one nanoscale

dimension either externally or in terms of internal

structures.

Used for Chemically degrade pollutants, heavy metals.

some of the nanocatalysts are…

› Titanium dioxide

› Palladium

› silica

Methods of waste water treatment using nanocatalyst:

There are various methods for wastewater treatment using nanocatalyst. one of the eco-friendly and less expensive method are:

•Nanotechnology can also detect water-borne

Contaminants like heavy metals.

•A new type of nanomaterial called nanostructured silica has been found to

detect heavy metals

•It has large surface area and regular pores, has the capability of being able

to extract heavy

metals from wastewaters.

•Electrodes are separated with a small atomic gap so a few ions can be

detect.

Potential health and environmental risks.

reactivity of nanomaterials in case they are released into the environment and come into contact with leaving organisms.

Carbon nanotubes can cause lung damage

Integration of nanomaterials into existing water purification systems.

Availability and cost.

Already showing promising results.

Once certain impending hurdles are

overcome, will solve the global water

shortages

Proper studies are to be carried out to

assess any harmful effects on

environment and living beings.